JP2607692B2 - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a garbage incineration apparatus for garbage, garbage, squeezed fruit, fish ash, garbage, flammable waste and the like.

[Prior Art] FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a typical conventional refuse incinerator. The garbage 01 is thrown into the combustion chamber 03 from the inlet 02 and accumulates on the lattice-shaped stoker 04. When a fire is lit from the firing port 05, air 07 flows in from a lower ash outlet / venting port 06 to burn the trash 01 on the stoker 04. Combustion gas
08 enters the reburning chamber 010 through the passage 09, where the unburned gas and unburned refuse are burned again,
It is discharged outside from the chimney 011.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The conventional refuse incinerator has the following problems.

(1) It is difficult to completely burn unburned gas and refuse because combustion in the reburning chamber cannot be controlled.

(2) Since the combustion air is supplied to the combustion chamber at a high temperature, the temperature in the combustion chamber and the re-combustion chamber becomes uneven, and the stack becomes wet with low-temperature unburned gas and water vapor and emits a bad smell. Is discharged from

The present invention solves the problems of the above-mentioned conventional refuse incinerator, and completely burns unburned gas, organic substances and germs that cause odor, and emits only sterile, odorless, harmless and smokeless exhaust gas. It is intended to provide a device.

[Means for solving the problem]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides a plate-shaped inclined stoker having a large number of ventilation holes, and an upper incineration chamber into which incineration materials are introduced and a lower air into which combustion air is supplied. A combustion air inlet for supplying air to the combustion chamber, a stirrer provided in proximity to the stoker, and a plurality of perforations downstream of the combustion chamber. Chamber, which is partitioned by a porous ceramic plate and has a burner inside, an induction fan installed downstream of the reburning chamber, and air mixed with exhaust gas exiting the reburning chamber to the air chamber. An incinerator characterized by having a supply air duct; and a plate-shaped inclined stoker having a large number of ventilation holes to supply an upper combustion chamber into which incineration materials are introduced and combustion air. Divided into an air chamber below In the incinerator, a stirrer provided in proximity to the stoker, a plurality of porous ceramic plates downstream of the combustion chamber, partitioned by a plurality of porous ceramic plates, and a reburning substance having a burner therein; An induction fan installed downstream of the chamber, an air duct communicating from the air suction port to the air chamber via a damper, and the air duct provided between the damper and the air chamber, and An air preheater that is heated by the exhaust gas that has exited the chamber, a recirculation line that connects an outlet of the induction fan to the air duct between the damper and the air preheater, and a recirculation line provided in the recirculation line. And a damper different from the above-mentioned damper.

(Operation)

In the first aspect of the present invention, the reburning chamber which is partitioned by a porous ceramic plate as a radiant converter and includes a burner as a heat source is provided downstream of the combustion chamber. Unburned gas, organic matter,
Bacteria and the like are completely burned in a high-temperature reburning chamber in which heat is confined by the radiation converter, and are rendered harmless, odorless, and smokeless. Furthermore, a part of the exhaust gas downstream of the re-combustion chamber is mixed with fresh air and sent to the combustion chamber via the air chamber as high-temperature drying and combustion air, which burns the incinerated material in the combustion chamber faster. To be good. At the same time, the temperature of exhaust gas entering the reburning chamber rises quickly (particularly advantageous during warm-up), so that the burner capacity in the reburning chamber can be reduced. Further, when the combustion starts on the stoker, the cooled material can be slowly sent downward by the agitator provided near the stoker.

Also in the second aspect of the invention, since the same recombustion chamber is provided downstream of the combustion chamber, unburned gas, organic matter,
Bacteria and the like are completely burned and made harmless, odorless, and smokeless. In the second invention, further, in the air preheater downstream of the reburning chamber, the combustion air exchanges heat with the exhaust gas, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas decreases, while the temperature of the combustion air supplied to the combustion chamber increases. Become. Therefore, the combustion is improved, and the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the reburning chamber increases, so that the burner capacity in the reburning chamber can be reduced.

According to the second invention, when the inside of the furnace is warmed up from the state of the atmospheric temperature before the refuse is burned, a part of the hot air discharged from the induction fan is recirculated and flows through the furnace. The air temperature can be raised quickly. This recirculation line switches and cuts with fresh air when the garbage starts to be incinerated. That is, when the actual combustion starts, switching can be performed to supply sufficient O ₂ .

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a reburning chamber in the embodiment.

A combustion chamber 3 for burning the refuse 1 is formed above a stoker 5 having a large number of air holes 4, and a refuse inlet 2 is provided on a side of the combustion chamber 3. An air chamber 7 is formed below the stalker 5, and three air supply pipes 16 are open.
A combustion air inlet 12 is also provided on the rear wall of the combustion chamber 3. A stirrer 20 is provided substantially at the center of the stoker 5. On the downstream side of the combustion chamber 3, a re-combustion chamber 10 formed by two pairs of sponge-like porous ceramic plates 9A, 9A 'and 9B, 9B' having a number of small holes, which are radiation converters, is installed. A burner 11 is provided in the reburning chamber 10. Pair of porous ceramic plates 9A, 9A 'and 9
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, B and 9B 'are alternately mounted on the bottom surface and the ceiling surface at an interval from each other, and their tips are arranged so as to projectively overlap each other. ,
A zigzag passage is formed. An induction fan 17 is provided downstream of the reburning chamber 10. The space between the reburning chamber 10 and the attraction fan 17 communicates with the atmosphere via a valve 21, and also communicates with the air supply 16 via an air duct 18 and a valve 15. A dry air supply pipe 24 branches from the air duct 18 via a valve 25 and communicates with the combustion chamber 3 through an injection hole 23.

The refuse 1 introduced into the refuse combustion chamber 3 from the input port 2 accumulates on the upper surface of the stoker 5 having many air holes 4 and burns while gradually moving downward by gravity. When the combustion starts on the stalker 5, the incineration is ashed while being slowly sent downward by the agitating device 20 which is provided near and above the center of the stalker 5.

The combustion exhaust gas 8 generated in the combustion chamber 3 passes through a zigzag passage formed by the porous ceramic plates 9A and 9A '.
It flows into the reburning chamber 10. Exhaust gas 8 flowing into the combustion chamber 10
The unburned gas inside is uniformly heated by the burner 11 and completely burned. At this time, a large number of holes on the surface of the porous ceramic plate capture unburned soot in the combustion gas, so that the exhaust gas is completely burned in the reburning chamber 10. In the reburning chamber 10,
Two pairs of porous ceramic plates 9A, 9A ', 9B, 9B' facing each other with the burner 11 interposed therebetween are arranged, and these ceramic plates have a zigzag gas passage whose tips are projected and overlapped and bent. Is formed, the heat of the gas heated by the burner 11 in the reburning chamber 10 is confined in the reburning chamber 10 by heat radiation between the two pairs of porous ceramic plates. The inside of 10 keeps high temperature uniformly,
Combustion of exhaust gas is performed effectively.

Since the temperature of the high-temperature gas 22 that has exited the reburning chamber 10 is about 700 ° C., it is necessary to lower the temperature to the heat-resistant temperature of the induction fan 17. Thus, the atmosphere 14 is mixed while being adjusted by the valve 21, and the temperature is lowered to the suction allowable temperature of the attraction fan 17 (about 350 ° C. to 500 ° C.) or less. Then, a part of the mixed gas 19 is introduced into the air supply pipe 16 through the air duct 18 as drying and combustion air. Its amount is regulated by valve 15. Then, the air flows from the air chamber 7 below the stoker 5 into the combustion chamber 3 through the air holes 4 of the stoker 5, and is consumed for drying and burning the refuse.

Oxygen required for combustion is supplied as combustion air 13 from a combustion air inlet 12. This combustion air 13 is about 25%
An air volume as OFA (overfire air) is required.

A part of the high-temperature (about 350 ° C.) mixed gas 19 is further branched from the air duct 18 to a dry air supply pipe 24, and is injected from the injection holes 23 to the upper part of the dust 1 for drying or OFA. The amount is regulated by the valve 25 and contributes to quicker drying when the moisture in the garbage is high.

 According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The exhaust gas heated by the burner 11 in the reburning chamber 10 is uniform and has a high temperature, so that unburned gas, organic substances causing odor, and bacteria are completely burned. Completely sterile, harmless and odorless.

(2) Since the reburning chamber 10 is formed of a porous ceramic plate combined in a stepwise manner, the gas passage is always ensured, and is not clogged with ash.

(3) Since unburned soot and the like are captured and burned on the surface of the porous ceramic, complete combustion can be performed. Therefore, no smoke is generated.

(4) After a part of the high-temperature gas downstream of the reburning chamber 10 is adjusted to an appropriate temperature, it is introduced into the combustion chamber 3 as drying and combustion air, so that the incinerated material (garbage) 1 can be dried. Effective and burns fast. Also a stirring device on the stoker 5
By 20, the temperature of the incinerated material becomes uniform and the combustion becomes good, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the reburning chamber 10 increases, and the capacity of the burner 11 can be reduced. Even if a part of the gas downstream of the reburning chamber 10 is recirculated, the gas is completely burned as described above, so that no corrosive components remain and the air duct 18
Does not occur.

Next, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

In the second embodiment, an air preheater 31 is provided on the downstream side of the combustion chamber 20, and air 34 supplied from an air suction port 32 through a damper 33 and exhaust gas exiting the recombustion chamber 10 Heat exchange is performed between the two. On the downstream side of the exhaust gas of the air preheater 31, an induction fan 17 for discharging the exhaust gas is provided. The air 34 supplied from the air inlet 32 is heated by the air preheater 31 and then guided to the air chamber 7 below the stoker 5 through the air duct 18 and the air supply pipe 16 by the suction force of the attraction fan 17. It has become. The output of the induction fan 17 is supplied to the damper 33 by the recirculation line 35.
And the air preheater 31. A damper 36 is provided in the middle of the recirculation line 35.

The high-temperature exhaust gas that has exited the reburning chamber 10 flows into the downstream air preheater 31, heats the air 34, cools itself down, and is discharged to the atmosphere via the induction fan 17. on the other hand,
The air 34 heated in the air preheater 31 is
After being introduced into the air supply pipe 16 via the valve 18, the amount of which is adjusted by the valve 15, the air flows into the air chamber 7 below the stoker 5, reaches the combustion chamber from the air hole of the stoker 5, and dries garbage. Burn.

In addition, during the warm-up operation before the dust 1 is input, the damper 36 is partially opened and the damper 33 is appropriately closed, so that the re-combustion chamber is opened.
A part of the exhaust gas 22 exiting after the heat exchange after exiting 10 is recirculated through a recirculation line 35. When dumping garbage and entering the incineration operation, the damper 36 is fully closed and the damper 33 is fully open.

According to the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects (1), (2), and (3) of the first embodiment.

(5) Since the high-temperature combustion air 34 that has been subjected to heat exchange with the exhaust gas in the air preheater 31 downstream of the reburning chamber 10 is introduced into the combustion chamber 3, the temperature inside the combustion chamber 3 becomes high. Also, the temperature distribution becomes uniform by the stirring device 20 above the stoker 5,
Not only the combustion becomes good, but also the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the reburning chamber 10 increases, so that the ability of the burner 11 provided in the reburning chamber 10 may be low. Further, the temperature of exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere is also reduced, which is environmentally preferable.

(6) Since the temperature of the exhaust gas after the heat exchange with the exhaust gas in the reburning chamber 10 is higher than the temperature of the air 34 sucked from the air suction port 32, a part of the exhaust gas is recirculated during the warm-up operation before dust is introduced. Thus, the warm-up time can be reduced. That is, since O ₂ required for combustion is not required during the warm-up operation, the warm-up in the furnace is quickened by recirculating the exhaust gas. Since this gas has been completely burned, no problems such as corrosion occur in the furnace itself no matter how many times it is circulated.

〔The invention's effect〕

 According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) In a high-temperature reburning chamber provided with a heat source, which is partitioned by a porous ceramic plate, unburned gas, organic matter, germs and the like in exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber are completely burned, and odorless, sterile,
Can be harmless.

(2) Since the combustion air supplied to the combustion chamber is heated to a high temperature by recovering heat from the exhaust gas exiting the re-combustion chamber, the combustion in the combustion chamber is improved and the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the re-combustion chamber is improved. And the capacity of the heat source in the reburning chamber can be reduced.

(3) The exhaust gas from the reburning chamber is discharged to the atmosphere after its temperature is reduced in front of the induction fan, and is environmentally preferable. Also, if this exhaust gas is reused and used for warm-up, the time required for warm-up is reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a reburning chamber in the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional refuse incinerator. 01 ... garbage, 02 ... input port, 03 ... combustion chamber, 04 ... stoker, 05 ... fired port, 06 ... ash extraction and ventilation port, 07 ... air, 08 ... combustion gas, 09 ... … Passageway, 010 …… reburning chamber, 011… chimney, 1… garbage, 2… garbage inlet, 3… combustion chamber, 4… air hole, 5… stoker, 6… for combustion and Air for drying, 7 Air chamber, 8 Combustion exhaust gas, 9A, 9A ', 9B, 9B' Porous ceramic plate, 10 Combustion chamber, 11 Burner, 12 Combustion air Suction port, 13: Combustion air, 14: Atmosphere, 15: Valve, 16: Atmosphere supply pipe, 17: Attraction fan, 18: Air duct, 19: Mixed gas, 20: Stirrer , 21… valve, 22… high-temperature gas, 23 …… injection hole, 24 …… dry air supply pipe, 25 …… valve, 31 …… air preheater, 32 …… air suction port, 33 …… damper, 34… Combustion air, 35… Recirculation line, 36… Damper.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An incinerator divided into an upper incineration chamber into which incineration materials are charged and a lower air chamber into which combustion air is supplied by a plate-shaped inclined stoker having a large number of ventilation holes. A combustion air suction port for supplying air to the combustion chamber, a stirrer provided in proximity to the stoker, and a plurality of porous ceramic plates downstream of the combustion chamber. A reburning chamber having a burner, an induction fan installed downstream of the reburning chamber, and an air duct for mixing air with exhaust gas exiting the reburning chamber and supplying the air to the air chamber; The incinerator characterized by the above. 2. An incinerator in which a plate-shaped inclined stoker having a large number of ventilation holes is divided into an upper combustion chamber into which incineration materials are charged and a lower air chamber into which combustion air is supplied. A stirrer provided in proximity to the stoker, a plurality of porous ceramic plates downstream of the combustion chamber, partitioned by a plurality of porous ceramic plates and having a burner therein; An induction fan installed in the air flow, an air duct communicating from the air suction port to the air chamber via a damper, and an air duct provided between the damper and the air chamber to exit the reburning chamber. An air preheater that is heated by the exhaust gas, a recirculation pipe that connects an outlet of the induction fan to the air duct between the damper and the air preheater, and a recirculation pipe that is provided in the recirculation pipe. With another damper Incinerator, characterized in that.