JP3825424B2 - Waste incinerator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an incinerator, and more particularly to an incinerator having a reheating function added to a waste incinerator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the incineration of garbage, in general, it is burned in a waste incinerator and the organic matter contained in the waste is converted into gaseous carbon dioxide, water vapor and solid ash through a combustion reaction. The combustion gas is discharged to the atmosphere after the treatment, and the ash is reclaimed or recently reused as a concrete aggregate or the like , so that the amount of waste can be reduced. However, according to the conventional technique, unburned garbage may remain in the ash due to insufficient combustion.
[0003]
As a conventional waste incinerator, for example, a structure shown in FIG. 1 is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below). The waste incinerator includes a first incinerator 1, a second incinerator 2 above the first incinerator 1, a water circulation device 3 provided above the second incinerator 2, a second And a smoke exhaust device 4 communicated with the incineration chamber 2. The first incineration chamber 1 includes a motor 101 installed on one outer surface thereof, a rotatable bucket 102 attached below the motor 101, a burner 104 provided on the other outer surface, an ash And a discharge grate conveyor 103 with fins. Garbage burns while gradually moving on a grate conveyor 103 in the first incineration chamber 1 through a bucket 102 driven by a motor 101, and waste gas generated at that time is discharged from the second incineration chamber 2. It is discharged by the smoke exhaust device 4. In such a mixed combustion incinerator of any kind, the fuel is garbage and the burner 104 only serves to ignite. At the time of incineration, since the flame occurs on and above the surface layer of waste, the dust on the surface layer can be combusted sufficiently and the combustion temperature is high (about 800 ° C. to 1200 ° C.). However, because the waste in the lower layer is not sufficiently burned and the temperature is not high, it is necessary to stir it with the fins of the conveyor 103 in order to be able to burn it sufficiently. There is a problem that unburned garbage is present therein, and not only the combustion efficiency is low, but also secondary contamination of groundwater can occur after ash landfill.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Taiwan Patent Application Publication No. 343722 [0005]
[Problems of the Invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and combusts the combustibles contained in the garbage as close to completeness as possible by spreading the flame generated by the combustion downwards at the time of garbage incineration. An object of the present invention is to provide an incinerator.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention burns garbage containing organic combustibles, and further burns the surplus remaining combustibles until it becomes molten slug and waste gas, and circulates the waste gas. In the incinerator to be reburned, a substantially cylindrical space is defined by a substantially cylindrical peripheral wall, and a top wall and a bottom wall connected to the upper and lower portions of the peripheral wall, respectively. A housing having a waste gas discharge port for discharging waste gas; fixed to the top wall; a hopper for introducing dust into the housing; and fixed to an upper portion inside the housing; a combustion cage lattice-like structure having a bottom on the opposite side of the opening and the opening for receiving the waste in correspondence with the hopper, and a concave curved surface, plurality of hung from the bottom of the combustion cage across the inner surface of the housing And the guide plate, vertical with provided between the combustion cage the housing inner wall, said to correspond to the guide plate disposed thereabove, positive circumfluence passage are communicated between said combustion cage and the peripheral wall within the sidewall and a plurality of partition walls forming a reverse swirling flow path is supported in the middle of the lower and the housing of the combustion cage bottom, the ash receiving plate for receiving the ashes fallen from the combustion cage bottom, before Kiitadakikabe A plurality of air introduction pipes connected to the forward flow path and facing the forward flow path, for introducing primary air into the furnace space, and an inlet end connected to the top wall and facing the forward flow path And a gas introduction end portion provided on the opposite side of the inlet end portion and positioned between the guide plate and the waste gas discharge port, and a plurality for circulating the waste gas inside the furnace and a circulation pipe, as a result, the entering-care And the waste gas discharge port, a flame is generated at the bottom of the combustion cage that continues to heat the ash on the ash receiving plate while spreading downward, and is disposed inside the housing via the circulation pipe. Provided is a waste incinerator characterized in that gas is circulated to a forward flow path located above the inside of a housing and used for recombustion.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
3 and 4 show an embodiment of the waste incinerator 100 of the present invention. The incinerator 100 according to the present embodiment burns garbage containing organic combustibles, burns the surplus remaining combustibles to a molten slug, and circulates the waste gas from the combustion for reburning. Incinerator 100 includes a housing 10, a hopper 20 for introducing waste into the furnace interior, the combustion cage 30 of the grid-like structure for burning accepts waste is fixed above the furnace interior, the concave curved surface a plurality of guide plates 40 provided at the bottom of the combustion cage 30 over the inner wall surface of the housing and is installed in its upwardly disposed between the combustion cage 30 and the housing inner wall corresponding to the guide plate 40 A plurality of partition walls 50, an ash receiving plate 60 for receiving ash that has fallen from the bottom 32 of the combustion cage 30 supported by a lower part of the bottom 32 of the combustion cage 30 and in the middle of the housing, and the primary air for the housing 10 A plurality of air introduction pipes 70 introduced into the interior and a plurality of circulation pipes 80 for circulating the incineration gas inside the furnace are provided. Referring to FIG. 2, the incinerator 100 includes a waste gas circulation system 200 for recirculating waste gas one after another, and a cyclonic dust collector 300 having a post-combustion function. A venturi scrubber 400, a wet electrostatic precipitator (wet-ESP) 500, an adsorption unit 600 using activated carbon, an exhaust blower 700, and a chimney 800 are installed to form a complete processing system. Has been.
[0008]
The incinerator 100 has a bottom wall 11, a peripheral wall 12 extending upward from the periphery of the bottom wall 11, and a top connected to the top edge of the peripheral wall 12 at a position opposite to the bottom wall 11 and to which a hopper 20 is fixed. A space 14 is partitioned from the wall 13. Any or all of the inner walls of the bottom wall 11, the peripheral wall 12, and the top wall 13 are lined with a refractory (not shown). The peripheral wall 12 is provided with a waste gas outlet 121 located below the ash receiving plate 60 for discharging waste gas. The hopper 20 has a lower end portion 21 fixed to the top wall 13 and an upper end portion 22 provided on the opposite side of the lower end portion 21 from which dust is tilted.
[0009]
The combustion cage 30 includes an opening 31 facing the lower end portion 21 of the hopper 20, a bottom portion 32 on the opposite side of the opening 31, and a peripheral surface 33 extending from the opening 31 to the bottom portion 32, and the bottom portion 32 and the peripheral surface 33. Is formed by forming a metal grate bar into a lattice shape through which gas can pass at intervals.
[0010]
The guide plate 40 guides the gas so as to promote the combustion of dust and flows it to the outside of the peripheral surface 33 of the combustion cage 30.
[0011]
Partition wall 50, the space 14 sandwiched combustion cage 30 surrounds and top wall 13 and the guide plate 40 is provided vertically, so as to form a circulation path between the inner wall of the combustion cage 30 and the peripheral wall 12 Are formed with a forward flow path I and a reverse flow path II.
[0012]
The ash receiving plate 60 has a receiving surface 16 facing the bottom of the bottom 32 of the combustion cage 30, and the molten slag is received by the ash receiving plate 60 and is guided and discharged to the outside of the furnace body, or during a work suspension period. Remove after waiting for solidification.
[0013]
Each of the plurality of air introduction pipes 70 has an air inlet 71 for sucking primary air by the blower 711 and an air inlet 72 connected to the top wall 13 for flowing the primary air to the forward flow path I.
[0014]
Reference is now made to FIG. The circulation pipe 80 is connected to the top wall 13 and is provided on the opposite side of the inlet end 81 toward the forward flow path I, and between the guide plate 40 and the waste gas discharge port 121. And a blower 83 disposed between the inlet end portion 81 and the gas inlet end portion 82.
[0015]
The waste gas circulation system 200 includes a plurality of exhaust passages 210 that connect the waste gas discharge port 121 and the cyclone dust collector 300, and a first manifold 220 and a second manifold 230 that communicate from the exhaust passage 210 to the circulation pipe 80. ing. Each of them first and second manifold 220 and 230, the first and second lower portions 221 and 231 connected to the exhaust path 210 is connected to the circulation pipe 80 through the connection tube 240 The first and second upper end portions 222 and 232 are merged, and the first and second manifolds 220 and 230 guide the waste gas flowing in the exhaust path 210 to the circulation pipe 80 for circulation. And reburning can be repeated.
[0016]
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, when starting the incineration operation of garbage, the inlet 72 of the air introduction pipe 70 is higher than the waste gas outlet 121, so that the primary air (as indicated by the direction of the solid arrow) is shown. Ii) passes from the top to the bottom through the forward flow path I and is guided by the guide plate 40 to assist combustion in the combustion zone III. The temperature of the combustion zone III is considered to be about 800 ° C to 1200 ° C. Above the combustion zone III is a pyrolysis zone IV having a temperature of 400 ° C. to 800 ° C., and adjacent to the top of the pyrolysis zone IV is a drying zone V having a temperature of 200 ° C. to 400 ° C. Further, since the inlet 72 and the waste gas outlet 121 are arranged at a high position and a low position, respectively, the flame spreads downward from the combustion zone III and the surplus on the ash receiving plate 60 can continue to be heated. The flame-retardant inorganic material on the receiving plate 60 is also melted at a temperature of 1200 ° C. to 1600 ° C. and becomes a sufficiently burned slug.
[0017]
In addition, waste gas (in the direction of the one-dot chain line arrow) obtained by burning the dust by the forced exhaust of the blower 83 advances from the gas introduction end portion 82 to the intake end portion 81, and combustible gas still remains. The waste gas that may be present is sent back into the housing 1 and circulates repeatedly in the forward flow path I and the reverse flow path II. Further, by performing circulation and recombustion a plurality of times, the combustible gas contained in the waste gas is reduced, and the waste gas (in the direction of the dotted arrow) is discharged from the waste gas discharge port 121.
[0018]
After the waste gas is introduced into the exhaust path 210, it is guided again to the first and second manifolds 220 and 230 and is sent to the circulation pipe 80. Accordingly, the amount of combustible gas contained in the waste gas can be minimized by repeatedly collecting the waste gas sent to the downstream of the waste treatment system, and performing the recycling and re-combustion.
[0019]
Therefore, the incinerator of the present invention can produce a sufficiently burned slug by spreading the flame downward when burning high-temperature waste and thereby continuing to burn the residue. Therefore, even if the slug is landfilled, it does not cause much groundwater contamination. Further, by installing the circulation pipe 80 and the first and second manifolds 220 and 230, the waste gas is returned to the inside of the housing and recombusted, and harmful combustible components contained in the exhaust gas finally discharged. Can be kept to a minimum and the destructiveness to the environment can be reduced.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the waste incinerator of the present invention has a function of further heating so that the waste is burned into ash and then into a molten slug, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved accurately. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional incinerator.
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram showing a schematic configuration of an example of a waste treatment system including an incinerator according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a main part of an embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing main portions of an air introduction pipe and a circulation pipe of an embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing an assumed distribution state of the temperature of the combustion cage of the embodiment of the incinerator according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st incineration chamber 2 ... 2nd incineration chamber 3 ... Water circulation device 4 ... Smoke exhaust device 10 ... Housing 11 ... Bottom wall 12 ... Perimeter wall 13 ... Top wall 14 ... Space 20 ... Hopper 21 ... Lower end part 22 ... Upper end Portion 30 ... Combustion cage 31 ... Opening 32 ... Bottom 33 ... Peripheral surface 40 ... Guide plate 50 ... Bulkhead 60 ... Ash receiving plate 61 ... Receiving surface 70 ... Air introduction pipe 71 ... Inlet 72 ... Inlet 80 ... Circulation pipe 81 ... Inlet end 82 ... Gas introduction end 83 ... Blower 100 ... Incinerator 101 ... Motor 102 ... Bucket 103 ... Grate conveyor 104 ... Burner 105 ... Ash outlet 121 ... Waste gas outlet 200 ... Waste gas circulation system 210 ... Exhaust path 220 ... First manifolds 221, 231 ... First and second lower end portions 222, 232 ... First and second upper end portions 230 ... Second manifold 240 ... Connection pipe 300 ... Cyclone dust collector 40 ... venturi scrubber 500 ... adsorption unit of the wet electrostatic precipitator 600 ... activated carbon used 700 ... exhaust blower 711 ... blower 800 ... chimney I ... positive circumfluence path II ... inverse Circulating path

Claims (2)

In an incinerator that burns waste containing organic combustibles, further burns the surplus remaining combustibles until it becomes molten slug and waste gas, and circulates the waste gas for reburning,
A waste gas for partitioning a substantially sealed space between the substantially cylindrical peripheral wall and a top wall and a bottom wall connected to the upper and lower portions of the peripheral wall, respectively, and for discharging waste gas to the peripheral wall A housing having a discharge port;
A hopper fixed to the top wall for introducing dust into the housing;
A combustion cage having a lattice structure fixed to an upper portion inside the housing and having an opening for receiving dust corresponding to the hopper and a bottom portion on the opposite side of the opening;
A plurality of guide plates having a concave curved surface and spanning from the lower part of the combustion cage to the inner surface of the housing;
A forward flow path and a reverse flow path that are provided vertically between the combustion cage and the inner wall of the housing, and are disposed above and corresponding to the guide plate, and communicated between the combustion cage and the inner wall of the peripheral wall. A plurality of partition walls forming,
An ash receiving plate that is supported on the lower part of the bottom of the combustion cage and in the middle of the housing and receives ash that has fallen from the bottom of the combustion cage;
A plurality of air introduction pipes connected to the top wall and facing the forward flow path to introduce primary air into the furnace space;
An inlet end portion connected to the top wall and facing the forward flow path; and a gas introduction end portion provided on the opposite side of the inlet end portion and positioned between the guide plate and a waste gas discharge port. And a plurality of circulation pipes for circulating the waste gas inside the furnace ,
As a result, by utilizing the cooperation of the inlet and the exhaust gas outlet, a flame that continues to heat the ash on the ash receiving plate while spreading downward is generated at the bottom of the combustion cage, and the flame passes through the circulation pipe. A waste incinerator characterized in that waste gas inside the housing circulates in a forward flow path located above the inside of the housing and is used for recombustion. The waste gas discharge port is communicated with a waste gas circulation system, and the waste gas circulation system includes a gas duct that guides waste gas in the furnace, and a manifold that connects at least one of the gas duct and a circulation pipe. The waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the waste incinerator is provided for recombustion by circulating waste gas into the housing.

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