JPH04309708A - Grid-like dust incinerator - Google Patents
Grid-like dust incineratorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04309708A JPH04309708A JP7186591A JP7186591A JPH04309708A JP H04309708 A JPH04309708 A JP H04309708A JP 7186591 A JP7186591 A JP 7186591A JP 7186591 A JP7186591 A JP 7186591A JP H04309708 A JPH04309708 A JP H04309708A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- secondary air
- combustion
- nozzle
- grate
- combustion chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、都市ごみ、産業廃棄
物等の焼却に用いられるごみ焼却炉に関し、より詳細に
は、ごみ等を焼却するに際しＣＯ、炭化水素等の未燃分
の発生を抑制するごみ焼却炉の新規構造に関するもので
ある。[Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a waste incinerator used for incinerating municipal waste, industrial waste, etc., and more specifically, the present invention relates to a waste incinerator used for incinerating municipal waste, industrial waste, etc. This article concerns a new structure for waste incinerators that suppresses waste.
【０００２】なお、図面の説明において、前後関係につ
いては、図１および図２の左方を前方と称することとす
る。[0002] In the description of the drawings, the left side of FIGS. 1 and 2 will be referred to as the front in relation to the front and back.
【０００３】0003
【従来の技術】従来の図２に示すごみ焼却炉においては
、２次空気供給ノズル（５） は１次燃焼室（１） 出
口部ないしは２次燃焼室（２） の入口部に配設されて
いた。[Prior Art] In the conventional waste incinerator shown in Fig. 2, the secondary air supply nozzle (5) is arranged at the outlet of the primary combustion chamber (1) or at the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber (2). was.
【０００４】すなわち、図２において、火格子型ごみ焼
却炉は、１次燃焼室（１） と１次燃焼室（１） の上
に設けられた２次燃焼室（２） と、２次燃焼室（２）
で発生した燃焼ガスを出口（図示略）に導く排ガス排
出路（３） と、１次燃焼室（１） 内に設けられた火
格子（４） とを備えている。
火格子（４） は１次燃焼室（１） の前方部の乾燥火
格子（４ａ）、中間部の燃焼火格子（４ｂ）および後方
部の後燃焼火格子（４ｃ）からなる。また、２次燃焼室
（２） 入口部にはその前壁（２ａ）と後壁（２ｂ）に
２次空気供給ノズル（５） が左右方向に複数並んで設
けられている。That is, in FIG. 2, the grate-type waste incinerator consists of a primary combustion chamber (1), a secondary combustion chamber (2) provided above the primary combustion chamber (1), and a secondary combustion chamber (2) installed above the primary combustion chamber (1). Room (2)
The combustion chamber is equipped with an exhaust gas discharge passage (3) that guides the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber to an outlet (not shown), and a grate (4) provided within the primary combustion chamber (1). The grate (4) consists of a dry grate (4a) in the front part of the primary combustion chamber (1), a combustion grate (4b) in the middle part, and an after-combustion grate (4c) in the rear part. In addition, a plurality of secondary air supply nozzles (5) are provided in the front wall (2a) and rear wall (2b) of the inlet portion of the secondary combustion chamber (2) in a row in the left-right direction.
【０００５】ホッパ（７） から投入されたごみ（Ｒ）
は、火格子（４） 上に載せられる。乾燥火格子（４
ａ）上で、ごみ（Ｒ） からの水分の蒸発と熱分解ガス
の発生およびごみ（Ｒ） の部分表面燃焼が起こり、燃
焼火格子（４ｂ）上で、火格子の下から送られる１次燃
焼空気により、ごみ（Ｒ） の大部分が燃焼する。[0005] Garbage (R) thrown in from the hopper (7)
is placed on the grate (4). Dry grate (4
a) On the combustion grate (4b), evaporation of moisture from the waste (R), generation of pyrolysis gas and partial surface combustion of the waste (R) occur, and on the combustion grate (4b), the primary gas sent from below the grate Most of the garbage (R) is combusted by the combustion air.
【０００６】しかし、燃焼火格子（４ｂ）上のごみ（Ｒ
） 塊は不均質であり、ごみ（Ｒ） 塊の間から１次燃
焼空気の吹抜けが起こりやすく、ごみ（Ｒ） を十分に
燃焼することはできず、一酸化炭素や炭化水素類、煤な
どの未燃分が発生する。そこで、１次燃焼室（１） 出
口部ないしは２次燃焼室（２） 入口部に２次空気供給
ノズル（５） を配設し、２次空気を供給していた。However, the garbage (R) on the combustion grate (4b)
) The lumps are heterogeneous, and the primary combustion air tends to blow through between the lumps of garbage (R), making it impossible to burn the garbage (R) sufficiently and producing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, soot, etc. of unburned matter is generated. Therefore, a secondary air supply nozzle (5) was provided at the outlet of the primary combustion chamber (1) or the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber (2) to supply secondary air.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、２次空
気供給ノズル（５） が上記の位置に配設されたごみ焼
却炉では、つぎのような問題がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, a waste incinerator in which the secondary air supply nozzle (5) is disposed in the above position has the following problems.
【０００８】すなわち、１次燃焼室（１） 出口部ない
しは２次燃焼室（２） 入口部の温度は、９００〜１０
００℃と高く、この部分に２次空気を送り込むと、２次
燃焼によるクリンカーの発生が起こりやすい。That is, the temperature at the outlet of the primary combustion chamber (1) or the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is between 900 and 10
If secondary air is sent into this area at temperatures as high as 00°C, clinker is likely to occur due to secondary combustion.
【０００９】また、２次空気供給ノズル（５） の配設
位置がごみ（Ｒ）の１次燃焼の始点から離れているので
、燃焼の促進効果が弱い。Furthermore, since the secondary air supply nozzle (5) is located far from the starting point of primary combustion of the waste (R), the effect of promoting combustion is weak.
【００１０】以上の結果、一酸化炭素や炭化水素類、煤
などの未燃分が排ガスとともに排出される。こうして排
ガス中に多量に含まれる炭化水素類は、いわゆるダイオ
キシン前駆物質であって、後流で塩化水素ガスなどの塩
化物と反応し、猛毒のダイオキシンを生成するという問
題がある。As a result of the above, unburned substances such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and soot are discharged together with the exhaust gas. The large amount of hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas are so-called dioxin precursors, and there is a problem in that they react with chlorides such as hydrogen chloride gas in the wake, producing highly toxic dioxins.
【００１１】さらに、２次空気供給ノズル（５） の配
設位置の温度が９００〜１０００℃と高温のため、同ノ
ズル（５） が焼損しやすいという問題もある。Furthermore, since the temperature at the location where the secondary air supply nozzle (5) is located is as high as 900 to 1000°C, there is also the problem that the nozzle (5) is easily burnt out.
【００１２】この発明の目的は、上記問題を解決し、ご
み焼却炉において都市ごみ、産業廃棄物等を焼却するに
際し、未燃分の発生を未然に抑制し得るごみ焼却炉を提
供することにある。[0012] An object of the present invention is to provide a waste incinerator that can solve the above problems and prevent the generation of unburned waste when incinerating municipal waste, industrial waste, etc. in the waste incinerator. be.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、上記目的を
達成すべく工夫されたものであって、燃焼室の特定の位
置に２次空気供給ノズルを配設し、同ノズルの噴口を特
定方向に向けることによって燃焼ガスの混合を効果的に
なし得るという知見により完成せられたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been devised to achieve the above object, in which a secondary air supply nozzle is disposed at a specific position in the combustion chamber, and the nozzle of the nozzle is specified. This was completed based on the knowledge that combustion gases can be mixed effectively by directing them in different directions.
【００１４】すなわち、この発明は、１次燃焼室（１）
において、２次空気供給ノズル（６） がごみ送り方
向に対向する位置に配設され、同ノズル（６） の噴口
が火格子（４） 上のごみ（Ｒ） 上端部に向けられて
いることを特徴とする、ごみ焼却炉である。[0014] That is, the present invention provides a primary combustion chamber (1)
, the secondary air supply nozzle (6) is arranged at a position facing the garbage feeding direction, and the nozzle of the nozzle (6) is directed toward the upper end of the garbage (R) on the grate (4). It is a garbage incinerator with the following characteristics.
【００１５】この発明において、上記２次空気供給ノズ
ル（６） の噴口は、火格子（４） のとりわけ乾燥火
格子（４ａ）上のごみ（Ｒ） 上端部に向けられている
ことが好ましい。In the present invention, it is preferable that the nozzle of the secondary air supply nozzle (6) is directed toward the upper end of the waste (R) on the drying grate (4a) of the grate (4).
【００１６】また、同ノズル（６） は、左右方向に２
本またはそれ以上並んで配設されていることが好ましく
、同ノズル（６） から、４０〜４５ｍ／ｓの流速で２
次空気を吹出すことが好ましい。[0016] The nozzle (6) also has two parts in the left and right direction.
Preferably, one or more nozzles are arranged in a row, and from the same nozzle (6) two
It is preferable to blow out the air.
【００１７】なお、同ノズル（６） からは、２次空気
単独の他、２次空気と水、２次空気と水蒸気または２次
空気と再循環ガスの混合気体を吹出すことができる。[0017] In addition to secondary air alone, a mixed gas of secondary air and water, secondary air and steam, or secondary air and recirculation gas can be blown out from the nozzle (6).
【００１８】[0018]
【作用】この発明のごみ焼却炉においては、２次空気が
火格子（４） 上のごみ（Ｒ） 層の上面にほぼ沿って
送り込まれ、火炎の基部において燃焼ガスの混合、攪拌
が起こるので、燃焼の促進効果が大きい。[Operation] In the waste incinerator of the present invention, secondary air is sent almost along the upper surface of the waste (R) layer on the grate (4), and combustion gas is mixed and stirred at the base of the flame. , has a great effect on promoting combustion.
【００１９】また、２次空気ノズル（６） の設置場所
の温度が約５００℃と低いので、２次燃焼によるクリン
カーの発生が起こらない。また、同ノズル（６） の焼
損もない。Furthermore, since the temperature at the location where the secondary air nozzle (6) is installed is as low as about 500° C., no clinker is generated due to secondary combustion. Also, the nozzle (6) was not burnt out.
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例】つぎに、図示の実施例によりこの発明を具体
的に説明する。[Embodiments] Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to illustrated embodiments.
【００２１】図１は、この考案によるごみ焼却炉の例を
示すものである。FIG. 1 shows an example of a waste incinerator according to this invention.
【００２２】ホッパ（７） から投入されたごみ（Ｒ）
の送り方向に対向する１次燃焼室（１） の後壁（１
ｂ）に２次空気供給ノズル（６） が配設されている。
同ノズル（６） の噴口は乾燥火格子（４ａ）上のごみ
上端部を向くように、水平から上に３０度の角度を向い
て設けられている。[0022] Garbage (R) thrown in from the hopper (7)
The rear wall (1) of the primary combustion chamber (1) facing the feeding direction of
b) is provided with a secondary air supply nozzle (6). The spout of the nozzle (6) is provided at an angle of 30 degrees upward from the horizontal so as to face the upper end of the waste on the drying grate (4a).
【００２３】２次空気供給ノズル（６） は、左右に２
本並んで配置されている。同ノズル（６）から、４０〜
４５ｍ／ｓの流速で２次空気を吹出す。[0023] There are two secondary air supply nozzles (6) on the left and right.
Books are arranged side by side. From the same nozzle (6), 40~
Secondary air is blown out at a flow rate of 45 m/s.
【００２４】なお、２次空気ノズル（６） から、２次
空気単独の他、２次空気と水、２次空気と水蒸気または
２次空気と再循環ガスの混合気体を吹出すことができる
。[0024] In addition to secondary air alone, a mixed gas of secondary air and water, secondary air and steam, or secondary air and recirculation gas can be blown out from the secondary air nozzle (6).
【００２５】図中の他の構成は、図２の場合と同様であ
るので、同一物には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
すなわち、１次燃焼室（１） 、２次燃焼室（２） 、
排ガス排出路（３） 、乾燥火格子（４ａ）、燃焼火格
子（４ｂ）、後燃焼火格子（４ｃ）の構成は、図２の場
合と同様である。The other configurations in the figure are the same as those in FIG. 2, so the same components are designated by the same reference numerals and their explanation will be omitted. That is, the primary combustion chamber (1), the secondary combustion chamber (2),
The configurations of the exhaust gas discharge path (3), drying grate (4a), combustion grate (4b), and post-combustion grate (4c) are the same as in the case of FIG. 2.
【００２６】このごみ焼却炉において、ノズル（６）
により２次空気を吹込むことにより、燃焼ガスの混合、
攪拌を効果的に行ない燃焼を促進することができる。[0026] In this garbage incinerator, the nozzle (6)
Mixing of combustion gas by blowing secondary air into
Combustion can be promoted through effective stirring.
【００２７】すなわち、燃焼火格子（４ｂ）上では、最
も燃焼が盛んであり、一酸化炭素や炭化水素類、煤など
の未燃ガスが焼却炉の上部に向けて発生する。この部分
に後方からノズル（６） により高速噴流を加えること
により、火炎の基部において火柱、未燃ガス、空気を渦
流とともに混合、攪拌することができ、燃焼が促進され
る。That is, combustion is most active on the combustion grate (4b), and unburnt gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and soot are generated toward the upper part of the incinerator. By applying a high-speed jet to this part from the rear through a nozzle (6), the flame column, unburned gas, and air can be mixed and stirred with a vortex at the base of the flame, promoting combustion.
【００２８】また、この混合効果と同時に燃焼火格子（
４ｂ）上で発生した燃焼熱が、ノズル（６） からの高
速噴流により乾燥火格子（４ａ）上に移動せられるので
、乾燥火格子（４ａ）上の熱分解ガスの燃焼が促進され
る。[0028] At the same time as this mixing effect, the combustion grate (
The combustion heat generated on 4b) is transferred onto the drying grate (4a) by a high velocity jet from the nozzle (6), thus promoting the combustion of the pyrolysis gas on the drying grate (4a).
【００２９】さらに、乾燥火格子（４ａ）上で発生した
熱分解ガスは１次燃焼室（１） の前部傾斜天井（１ａ
）に沿って上昇するが、前記と同様にノズル（６） か
らの高速噴流の混合効果によって熱分解ガスの燃焼が促
進される。Furthermore, the pyrolysis gas generated on the drying grate (4a) is transferred to the front sloped ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1).
), but the combustion of the pyrolysis gas is promoted by the mixing effect of the high-speed jet from the nozzle (6), similar to the above.
【００３０】２次空気はノズル（６） からごみ（Ｒ）
層の上面にほぼ沿って吹込まれ、火炎の基部において
燃焼ガスの混合、攪拌が起こるので、ごみ（Ｒ） 塊の
間から１次燃焼空気の吹抜けが起こりにくく、燃焼が促
進される。[0030] Secondary air is removed from the nozzle (6) by dust (R).
Since the combustion gas is blown almost along the upper surface of the layer and mixed and stirred at the base of the flame, it is difficult for the primary combustion air to blow through between the garbage (R) lumps, and combustion is promoted.
【００３１】このように２次空気ノズル（６） により
２次空気を吹込むことにより、燃焼が促進され、未燃分
の発生を減少させることができる。By blowing secondary air through the secondary air nozzle (6) in this manner, combustion is promoted and the generation of unburned matter can be reduced.
【００３２】また、２次空気ノズル（６） の設置場所
の温度が約５００℃と低いので、２次燃焼によるクリン
カーの発生が起こらない。また、同ノズル（６） の焼
損もない。Furthermore, since the temperature at the location where the secondary air nozzle (6) is installed is as low as about 500° C., no clinker is generated due to secondary combustion. Also, the nozzle (6) was not burnt out.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】この発明のごみ焼却炉によれば、上述の
ようにして、２次空気が火格子（４） 上のごみ（Ｒ）
層の上面にほぼ沿って送り込まれ、火炎の基部におい
て燃焼ガスの混合、攪拌が起こるので、燃焼が促進され
、未燃分の発生を減少させることができる。また、２次
空気ノズル（６） の設置場所の温度が約５００℃と低
いので、２次燃焼によるクリンカーの発生が起こらない
。また、同ノズル（６） の焼損もない。[Effects of the Invention] According to the garbage incinerator of the present invention, as described above, the secondary air is transferred to the garbage (R) on the grate (4).
Since the combustion gas is fed almost along the upper surface of the layer and mixing and stirring of the combustion gas occurs at the base of the flame, combustion is promoted and the generation of unburned matter can be reduced. Furthermore, since the temperature at the location where the secondary air nozzle (6) is installed is as low as approximately 500°C, no clinker is generated due to secondary combustion. Also, the nozzle (6) was not burnt out.
【図１】この発明によるごみ焼却炉の１具体例を示す垂
直断面図である。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing one specific example of a waste incinerator according to the present invention.
【図２】従来のごみ焼却炉を示す垂直断面図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a conventional garbage incinerator.
（１） …１次燃焼室 （２） …２次燃焼室 （４ａ）…乾燥火格子 （４ｂ）…燃焼火格子 （４ｃ）…後燃焼火格子 （５） …２次空気供給ノズル （６） …２次空気供給ノズル (1)…Primary combustion chamber (2)…Secondary combustion chamber (4a)...Drying grate (4b)... Combustion grate (4c)...Post-combustion grate (5)…Secondary air supply nozzle (6)…Secondary air supply nozzle
Claims (1)
気供給ノズル（６）がごみ送り方向に対向する位置に配
設され、同ノズル（６） の噴口が火格子（４） 上の
ごみ（Ｒ） 上端部に向けられていることを特徴とする
、ごみ焼却炉。[Claim 1] In the primary combustion chamber (1), a secondary air supply nozzle (6) is disposed at a position facing the waste feeding direction, and the nozzle of the nozzle (6) is located above the grate (4). Garbage (R) Garbage incinerator, characterized in that it is directed towards the upper end.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3071865A JP2662746B2 (en) | 1991-04-04 | 1991-04-04 | Grate type incinerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3071865A JP2662746B2 (en) | 1991-04-04 | 1991-04-04 | Grate type incinerator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04309708A true JPH04309708A (en) | 1992-11-02 |
| JP2662746B2 JP2662746B2 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
Family
ID=13472841
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3071865A Expired - Lifetime JP2662746B2 (en) | 1991-04-04 | 1991-04-04 | Grate type incinerator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2662746B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014513786A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-05 | ヒタチ ゾウセン イノバ アーゲー | How to optimize the complete combustion of incinerator exhaust gas |
| JPWO2013147030A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-12-14 | 日立造船株式会社 | Combustion operation method in incinerator |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5608448B2 (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2014-10-15 | 日立造船株式会社 | Waste incinerator |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0350409A (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-03-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Incinerator |
-
1991
- 1991-04-04 JP JP3071865A patent/JP2662746B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0350409A (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-03-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Incinerator |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014513786A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-05 | ヒタチ ゾウセン イノバ アーゲー | How to optimize the complete combustion of incinerator exhaust gas |
| JPWO2013147030A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-12-14 | 日立造船株式会社 | Combustion operation method in incinerator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2662746B2 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
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