JPS62210305A - Burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent tar from depositing and to increase the thickness of a fixed bed to enable a high-load combustion by agitating the fixed bed and supplying combustion air thereto. CONSTITUTION:Supplied limes C are stacked on a lime layer C1 in burning at the lower part of a combustion thereby to form an unburnt coal layer C2, and a fixed bed is formed by lime layers C1 and C2. Air A1 is fed through a duct 19 to a furnace bottom 18, and also fed to the lower part of a combustion chamber through an air hole 39 of a grate 12. Air A2 which has been introduced into vanes 15 of an agitating rotor 14 is ejected through air ejection holes 16, and the lime C1 is burnt by air A1 and A2. Upon this occasion, the agitating rotor 14 is slowly rotated by means of a drive device 17, and coals on the fixed bed are agitated by vanes 15, thus improving the circulation of air and scraping off ashes adhering to the surfaces of coals to promote combustion. Further, air A2 blown off through the air ejection holes 16 of the vanes 15 prevents tar deposition generated when burnable components contained in a combustion gas G becomes surplus, and the quantity of heat necessary for a thermal decomposition is supplemented by oxygen contained in air A2 and a combustion reaction heat.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion device used, for example, as a pre-combustion furnace of an industrial boiler, a small water heater, a space heater, etc.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a so-called Daruma stove, which is used for heating purposes in homes in cold regions. 1 is a stove main body, and a grate 2 is installed at the bottom of the main body. A coal inlet 3 is provided in the ceiling, and a removable lid 4 is provided there. Furthermore, air intake ports 5.6 are provided at the bottom and top of the stove body 1, respectively. 7 is a chimney provided at the top of the main body for exhausting combustion gas. 8 is missing lattice 2
This is the burning coal seam formed above, and is called a fixed bed, as opposed to a moving bed in a mobile stoker or a fluidized bed in a fluidized system.

When the coal is fed into the stove body l through the inlet 3, it is deposited on the coal seam 8 and burns by using the coal seam as a ignition source to obtain oxygen from the primary air AI taken in through the air intake port 5. Since this combustion gas G contains unburned gas such as CO gas, secondary air A2 is taken in from the upper air intake port 6 to achieve complete combustion. by this,
The completely burned combustion gas G is discharged to the outside through the chimney 7. The combustion heat generated inside the stove body l heats the zero body star, and the surrounding area is heated by the heat radiated from this.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Fixed-bed type stoves like conventional Daruma stoves are convenient combustion furnaces, but the following problems prevent them from being used industrially as large-scale combustion devices. could not.

(1) Since the combustion load is low and the thickness of the fixed bed is limited, a very large floor area is required in order to increase the size.

(2) If the fixed bed is made thicker, a large amount of tar will be generated and unburned gas will be discharged, and the fixed bed will become clogged, making it impossible to blow air from the bottom of the furnace.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve these problems, the present invention provides a combustion apparatus that charges solid fuel onto a grate to form a fixed bed and burns it by stirring the fixed bed. The present invention provides a combustion apparatus comprising: stirring means provided on the above-mentioned grate, and means for supplying combustion air into the fixed bed via the stirring means.

Effect: According to the above means, since combustion air is supplied to the fixed bed while stirring it, tar precipitation can be prevented, increasing the enjoyment of the fixed bed and enabling high-load combustion. becomes.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a combustion apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a boiler including the combustion apparatus of FIG. 1.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a fixed bed type combustion furnace body, and a fire grate 12 is installed at the lower part of the inside. Above the grate 12 is a combustion chamber, and a stirring device 13 is provided inside. The stirring device 13 includes a hollow rotor 14 extending in the center of the combustion chamber,
It consists of blades 15 provided in one or more layers so as to be perpendicular to the rotor 14, and combustion air is introduced into the combustion chamber through this stirring device 13, which will be described later. Incidentally, a large number of air jet holes 16 are formed in the blade 15 .

Further, the stirring device 13 is connected to a drive device 17 outside the combustion chamber, and is driven to rotate by this.

Combustion furnace body! The lower part of the grate 12 of No. 1 is the furnace bottom 18, which is a duct for introducing the next air! 9 are connected, and an ash outlet 20 is provided. Note that unpulverized coal C is supplied as fuel from a hopper 21 to the combustion chamber of the combustion furnace 11.

Now, the combustion furnace main body 11 is attached to one end of the boiler 31, and the other end of the boiler 31 is connected to the chimney 3 through a duct 32.
It is connected to 3. 34 is a heat exchanger for the boiler 31. 35 is a blower which supplies primary air AI to the hearth bottom 18 through a duct 19, and also supplies cooling/combustion air A2 to the stirring device 13 through a duct 36, and further through a duct 37. This is to supply combustion air A3 to the boiler inlet section 38.

Next, the action will be explained.

Coal C as fuel is supplied from the hopper 21 to the combustion furnace 11. The supplied coal C is piled up on top of the burning coal bed C1 at the bottom of the combustion chamber to form an unburned coal bed C2, and these coal beds CI and C2 form a fixed bed. Air AI is supplied to the furnace bottom 18 through a duct 19, and this air is supplied to the lower part of the combustion chamber through the air holes 39 of the grate 12, and is also supplied to the lower part of the combustion chamber through the blades 1 of the stirring rotor 14.
Air A2 introduced into Al5 is ejected from the nozzle I6, and the coal C1 is combusted by this air Al5A2. The combustion gas generated by the combustion of coal C1 thermally decomposes unburned coal C2 while rising, ■! , C01CH, becomes combustion gas G containing combustible components such as fine solid carbon, and is sent from the combustion furnace 11 to the boiler 31.

During this time, the combustion air A2 sent from the blower 35 through the duct 36 and into the stirring rotor 14 is
After cooling the stirring rotor 14, air is blown out from the air blowing holes 16 of the blades 15. At this time, the stirring rotor 14 is slowly rotated by the drive device 17, and the fixed bed of coal is stirred by the blades 15, so that air circulation is improved and ash on the surface of the coal is scraped off. , so combustion is promoted. Incidentally, the ash falls to the furnace bottom 18 through the air holes 39 of the fire grate 12 and is deposited thereon. Reference numeral 40 indicates accumulated ash, and this ash 40 is successively taken out of the system through the ash removal port 20.

Also, the air A blown out from the air outlet '16 of the blade 15
2 prevents the precipitation of tar that occurs when the combustible content contained in the combustion gas G becomes excessive, and at the same time supplements the amount of heat required for thermal decomposition with the heat of combustion reaction with the oxygen in this air A2. be. Furthermore, the combustion gas G sent to the boiler 31 contains He and Co.

Since the air A3 is sent through the duct 37 to the inlet portion 38 of the boiler 31, the air A3 and the gas G are mixed to achieve complete combustion of unburned components.

Effects of the Invention As detailed above, according to the present invention, there is provided a combustion device that can increase the thickness of the fixed bed to enable high-load combustion, burn the fuel completely, and prevent tar precipitation. provided. Therefore, even solid fuel such as coal can be burned as it is without being made into pulverized coal, making it extremely easy to handle.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the combustion device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a boiler equipped with the combustion device of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conventional coal-fired stove. 11. Combustion furnace body, 12. Grate, 13. Stirring device, 14. Rotor, 15. Vane, 16. Air nozzle, 17. Drive device, 19°36.37.・Duct, 31... Boiler, 35 (and others)

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a combustion device that charges solid fuel onto a grate to form a fixed bed and burns it, a stirring means provided on the grate that stirs the fixed bed, and a stirring means provided on the grate, and a and means for supplying combustion air into the fixed bed.