CA1290988C - Method of combustion for fluidized bed incinerators - Google Patents

Method of combustion for fluidized bed incinerators

Info

Publication number
CA1290988C
CA1290988C CA000528960A CA528960A CA1290988C CA 1290988 C CA1290988 C CA 1290988C CA 000528960 A CA000528960 A CA 000528960A CA 528960 A CA528960 A CA 528960A CA 1290988 C CA1290988 C CA 1290988C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
combustion
refuse
incinerator body
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA000528960A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sadahiro Yamada
Satoshi Inoue
Minoru Narisoko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHI Corp
Original Assignee
IHI Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IHI Corp filed Critical IHI Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1290988C publication Critical patent/CA1290988C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method of controlling the combustion in the fluidized bed for fluidized bed incinerators for disposing of refuse such as municipal wastes is disclosed. According to this invention method, a fluidized bed in which to burn the refuse is formed out of the refuse such as municipal wastes and a fluidlzlng medium by the primary air; the pyrolysis gas generated in said combustion is burnt with the secondary air in the upper, or the freeboard, space of the furnace body; the gas generated in said secondary combustion is discharged out of the furnace body as an exhaust;
and a part of said discharged exhaust gas is returned to the fur-nace body, thus achieving effective control over drying, combus-tion, and pyrolysis of the refuse.

Description

1 2~0~B

This invention relates to a method of combustion for fluidized bed incinerators for disposing of refuse such as muni-cipal wastes. More particularly, it is concerned with a method of stabilizing combustion by recirculating the exhaust gas.

Fluidized bed incinerators are constructed in such a way that the substances such as municipal wastes that are to be incinerated ~called ~refuse~ hereinafter) are incinerated away in a fluidized bed, formed together with a fluidizing medium such as sand (called "fluidizing medium" hereinafter) over the air dif-fuser which is provided within the fluidized bed incinerator body (called "furnace bodyll hereinafter), as they are thrown there-onto, both by means of the primary air that is in;ected from said air diffuser. The freeboard part of the furnace body above and over said fluidized bed constitutes a combustion chamber in which to burn the pyrolysis, or the thermal decomposition, gas gener-ated in the fluidized bed in afterburning (called "afterburning chamberll hereinafter) with the secondary air introduced there-into. The exhaust gas that has been generated in the afterburn-ing chamber and in the fluidized bed ls discharged out of thefurnace body from the furnace top, cleaned up, then released to the atmosphere. The conventional method of combustion for such fluidized bed incinerator is simply to provide the primary and the secondary airs to burn the refuse. However, due to the fact that such properties of refuse as calorific value, water content, and size of lumps are changing from moment to moment, maintenance of stable combustion ls difflcult. Though this difficulty can theoretically be overcome by controlling the feeding rates of the primary and the secondary airs, but, because of the instantaneous changes in the combustion state, such controlling, hence mainte-nance of stable combustion, has been difficult. Especially as the temperature of the fluidized bed becomes higher, the drying, pyrolysis, and combustion of refuse tend to be more vigorous, and as these reactions become more vigorous, the amount of the unburnt gas becomes greater, giving rise to the problem of increasing nitrogen oxides (called "NOx hereinafter).

., ~ -- 1 -- ~i ~ 2 9~

This invention solves these problems mentioned above. Thus, the present invention provides a method of combustion for fluidized bed incinerators that is capable of controlling the rise of the temperature of the fluidized bed, thereby making the drying, pyrolysis, and combustion of refuse sluggish and stabilized.

The present invention also provides generation of unburnt gas and to decrease NOx.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of controlling combustion for a fluidized bed incineratonr including: (a) fluidizing refuse and a fluidizing medium with primary air in an incinerator body so as to form a fluidized bed and to combust the refuse primary air being supplied into the incinerator body by air diffuser means in the incinerator body; ~b) burning pyrolysis gas generated upon combustion of step (a) with a secondary air in the incinerator body; and (c) discharging the exhaust gas produced upon combustion of step tb~ in the incinerator body; (d) introducing a part of the discharged exhaust gas of step (c) to the incinerator body above the fluidized bed and to the primary air.

The present invention also provides a method of controlling combustion for a fluidized bed incinerator, including: (a) fluidizing refuse and a fluidizing medium with primary air so as to form a fluidized bed and to combust the refuse the primary air being supplied into the incinerator body by air diffuser means provided in the incinerator body: (b) burning pyrolysis gas generated upon combustion of step (a) with a secondary air in the incinerator body; and (c) discharging the exhaust gas produced upon combustion of step (b) out of the incinerator body; and (e) introducing a part of the discharged exhaust gas of step (c) to the fluidized bed and the secondary air.

According to this invention method, a fluidized bed in which to burn the refuse is formed out of the refuse such as municipal ~ x9()9~

wastes and a fluidizing medium such as sand with primary air; the pyrolysis gas generated in said combustion is burnt with the secondary air in the upper, or the freeboard, space of the incinerator body; the gas generated in said secondary combustion is discharged out of the incinerator body as exhaust; and a part of said discharged exhaust gas is returned to the incinerator body, thus achieving effective control over drying, combustion and pyrolysis o~ the refuse. Suitably the primary air is injected into the incinerator body by means of the air diffuser provided within the fluidized bed. Preferably the part of the discharged exhaust is returned to the incinerator body by means of the air diffuser.

The present invention will be further illustrated by way of the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig.l is a schematic diagram showing an example of fluidized bed incinerator piping system to practice the method of this invention; and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another example of fluidized bed incinerator piping system to practice the method of this invention.

- 2a -~,;

~l 2909~;38 As shown in ~ig. l, the fluidized hed incil1erator 1 is e~uipped with an air diffuser comprising a plurality of air diffuser tubes Z, whose duty it is bol.h to form a fl\Jidized bed 3 out of the substances to be incinerated a such as mullicipal wastes (tlle refuse) and a fluidizing medium b such as sand (the fluid-izind rnedium) and to burn the refuse therein with the primary air said air dif-fuser tubes 2 inject thereinto. The air diffuser tubes 2 are positioned in the lower part of the incinerator body (the furnace body) in a plural number and in ~larallel to each other, each tube having a large number of nozzles from which to blow the primary air in. A primary air charging tube 6 is connected to the air diffuser tubes 2 through a primary air blower 5. The freeboard space of the furnace ~ody above and over the fluidized bed 3 serves as the secondary combus-tion chalnber (afterburning chamber) 7 in which to burn the pYrolysis gas gener-ated in the ~luidized bed 3.
In the top of the furnace body, there provided Js an uptake 9 to lead the exhaust gas discharged out of the afterburnin8 chamber 7 to a stack 6 through a gas cooler 10, a gas clean-up unit 11 such as an electrostatic precip-il:ator, and an in(l~lced draft fan 12 in said order.
To the afterburning chamber 7, there connected is a secondary air charg-ing tube 14 through a secondary air blower 13 to supplY the secondary air there-into. Also provided to the afterburing chamber 7 are a refuse char8ing port 15 and a fluidizirlg medium charging port 20, respectively throu8h which the refuse a and the fluidizin8 medium b are thrown thereinto.
Furthermore, for the purpose of recirculatin8 a part of the exhaust gas once dischar8ed out of the furnace body, an exhaust returning tube 16 is pro-vided to the uptake 9 at a place downstream to the induced draft fan 12 to be connected to the afterburning chamber 7 through an exhaust circulator fan 17.
said exhaust returning tube 16 being equipped with a valve Z1 at a place down-stream to the exhaust circulator fan 17. A branch pipe 10 that branches off the exhaust returnin8 tube 16 at a place between the valve 21 and the exhaust circulator fan 17 is connected to the primary air charging tube 6 at a place 1 ~9(~988 up-trPam t,n ~,he primary air blqwer 5 S`Q a3 to ,uFply the Qxhau~ ~a~ t,n t~h(3 ~ir difruser tubes 2. To the branch pipe 10, there provided is a valve 19.
Beneath the fluidized bed 3, there formed is a packed bed 4 made up of tl,e colnbustion residue c of re~use a and the fluidizing medium_. At the bottom of the furnace body, there provided is a screw conveyor 22 to take out the com-bustion residue _and the fluidizing medium _; the combustion residue c and the rluidi7iTlg medium b taken out of the furllace body therebY are separated froln eaGh otller by tile separator 2~, the fluidizing medium b returning into the furnace body thro-l~h a returnin8 line then through the charging port 20.
In the arrangement described above, a part of the exllaust gas that has been discharged out of the afterburning chamber 7, cooled down to generally below 3U0 ~C in the gas cooler 10, and treated for dust and the like in the 8as clean-up unit 10 is fed either to the afterburnig chamber 7 or to the fluidized bed 3 or to the both, the proportion of said returnin8 gas being 10 to 30 % of the dischar~ed exhaust ~as.
This is because a deficiency in the amount of the fed back exhaust will result in lnsufficient controlling of combustion, whereas an excess thereln will result in arl over(olltrolling. That is to say, the exhaust gas supplied to the air diffuser tubes 2 toBether with the primarY air decreases the oxygen content of the primary air and increases the gas volume in the fluidized bed 3, thus lowerillg the telnperature of the fluidized bed 3, hence makin8 the dryin8, pyro-lysis, and combustion of the refuse more slu88ish, and consequently makin8 the combustion stabi I ized.
In this case, since the exhaust has been cooled in the ~as cooler 10, the temPerature of the fluidized bed 3 is decreased, stabilizing combustion the easier. Also, since the flame temperature of the afterburni~ chamber 7 is con-trolled by the fed back exhaust, the temperature of the fluidized bed 3 is in-directly controlled, aiding in stabilization of combustion in the fluidized bed 3.
Furthermore, owing to the supply of the exhaust gas, NOx is decreased.

~2~09~

As for another method of returning a part of the exhaust to the fluidized bed 3, the branch pipe 18 of the exhaust returning tube 16 may be led directly into the fluidized bed 3 as shown in Fig. 2.

As for yet another method of returning a part of the exhaust to the afterburning chamber 7, the exhaust returning tube 16 may be connected to the secondary air charging tube 14 at a place upstream to the secondary air blower 13 as shown in Flg. 2.

Furthermore, the amount of the exhaust gas to be fed back may be automatically controlled through operating the valve 19 and the vale 21 by measuring the temperature of the fluldized bed 3.

Thus, it will be appreciated that the present invention will develop excellent effects as follows~ ) Owing to the part of the exhaust gas returned to the furnace body, the combustion in the fluidized bed is made more sluggish, the rise of the temperature of the fluidized bed controlled, and the drying, pyrolysis, and combustion of refuse in the fluidized bed made more sluggish and stabilized; and (2) Owing to the drying, pyrolysis, and combustion in the fluidized bed made more sluggish thus, generation of unburnt gas is prevented and NOx decreased.

Claims (4)

1. A method of controlling combustion for a fluidized bed incineratonr including: (a) fluidizing refuse and a fluidizing medium with primary air in an incinerator body so as to form a fluidized bed and to combust the refuse,primary air being supplied into the incinerator body by air diffuser means in the incinerator body; (b) burning pyrolysis gas generated upon combustion of step (a) with a secondary air in the incinerator body; and (c) discharging the exhaust gas produced upon combustion of step (b) in the incinerator body; (d) introducing a part of the discharged exhaust gas of step (c) to the incinerator body above the fluidized bed and to the primary air.
2. A method of controlling combustion for a fluidized bed incinerator, including: (a) fluidizing refuse and a fluidizing medium with primary air so as to form a fluidized bed and to combust the refuse the primary air being supplied into the incinerator body by air diffuser means provided in the incinerator body: (b) burning pyrolysis gas generated upon combustion of step (a) with a secondary air in the incinerator body; and (c) discharging the exhaust gas produced upon combustion of step (b) out of the incinerator body; and (d) introducing a part of the discharged exhaust gas of step (c) to the fluidized bed and the secondary air.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the primary air is injected into the incinerator body by means of the air diffuser provided within the fluidized bed.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the part of the discharged exhaust is returned to the incinerator body by means of the air diffuser.
CA000528960A 1986-02-05 1987-02-04 Method of combustion for fluidized bed incinerators Expired - Fee Related CA1290988C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2200286A JPS62182516A (en) 1986-02-05 1986-02-05 Burning method for fluidized bed type incinerator
JP022002/1986 1986-02-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1290988C true CA1290988C (en) 1991-10-22

Family

ID=12070798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000528960A Expired - Fee Related CA1290988C (en) 1986-02-05 1987-02-04 Method of combustion for fluidized bed incinerators

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0237712B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62182516A (en)
CA (1) CA1290988C (en)
DE (2) DE237712T1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105910115A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-31 中石化炼化工程(集团)股份有限公司 Waste liquid incineration device

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3712801A1 (en) * 1987-04-15 1988-11-03 Babcock Werke Ag METHOD FOR BURNING INSB. SALTY BROWN COAL
US5044287A (en) * 1989-06-16 1991-09-03 Ebara Corporation Method of controlling combustion in a fluidized bed furnace
JP2957627B2 (en) * 1990-03-15 1999-10-06 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Municipal waste incineration melting equipment
WO2002090829A1 (en) * 2001-05-09 2002-11-14 Fortum Oyj Method and arrangement for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions froma fluidized bed combustion
EP1500875A4 (en) * 2002-05-02 2007-07-11 Jfe Eng Corp Method of operating waste incinerator and waste incinerator
CN105351944B (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-12-08 重庆三峰卡万塔环境产业有限公司 A kind of improved grate furnace garbage combustion device

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2037561A1 (en) * 1970-07-29 1972-02-03 Metallgesellschaft AG, 6000 Frank fürt Sludge incineration
CH577144A5 (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-06-30 Mustad Stoperi & Mek Verksted Low grade fuel burning fluidised bed - uses fluidisation gas mixture made from primary air and combustion gases
DK310979A (en) * 1978-08-04 1980-02-05 Energy Equip PROCEDURE FOR CONTROLING THE OPERATION OF A FLUIDIZED BOTTLE LIFTING PLANT AND USING MEASURES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROCEDURE
JPS56162312A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-12-14 Hitachi Ltd Inhibiting and controlling device for nox of incinerator
EP0049592B1 (en) * 1980-10-06 1987-08-19 The Energy Equipment Company Limited Fluidised bed combustion units
JPS6046324A (en) * 1983-08-24 1985-03-13 Kawasaki Steel Corp Continuous annealing equipment

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105910115A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-31 中石化炼化工程(集团)股份有限公司 Waste liquid incineration device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE237712T1 (en) 1988-02-04
JPS62182516A (en) 1987-08-10
EP0237712B1 (en) 1990-05-09
DE3762681D1 (en) 1990-06-13
EP0237712A1 (en) 1987-09-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR920001094B1 (en) Method of buring solid fuel by means of a fluidized bed
US4056068A (en) Process for conditioning flue gases in waste material incineration plants with heat utilization
US4332206A (en) Afterburner for combustion of starved-air combustor fuel gas containing suspended solid fuel and fly ash
CA1268613A (en) Method of catalystless denitrification for fluidized bed incinerators
US5103773A (en) Fluid bed furnace
JPS62169921A (en) Stable combustion of fluidized bed furnace
US4598649A (en) Particle fuel diversion structure with dome-shaped cavity
US5237963A (en) System and method for two-stage combustion in a fluidized bed reactor
JPS6323442B2 (en)
CA1288001C (en) Furnace
CA1290988C (en) Method of combustion for fluidized bed incinerators
US4681065A (en) Multibed fluidized bed boiler
US4331086A (en) Hot gas recycle for starved-air combustor
WO1988008504A1 (en) Combustion control method for fluidized bed incinerator
JPS62169916A (en) Secondary combustion promoting method for fluidized bed furnace
US4409909A (en) Process of combustion in a fluidized-bed incinerator
US4331085A (en) Exit gas control for flame stabilization and performance tuning of starved-air auger combustor
JP2642568B2 (en) Secondary combustion method of refuse incinerator
KR950013959B1 (en) Method for operating a fluidized bed combustion
JPH03125808A (en) Fluidized-bed type refuse incinerator
JP3217470B2 (en) Boiler equipment
CA1304991C (en) Incinerator
EP1500875A1 (en) Method of operating waste incinerator and waste incinerator
SU767456A1 (en) Apparatus for burning industrial wastes
JP3789872B2 (en) Operation method of waste incinerator using dry sludge

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
MKLA Lapsed