CN102192591A - Vertical biomass hot blast heater - Google Patents
Vertical biomass hot blast heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN102192591A CN102192591A CN2011101174539A CN201110117453A CN102192591A CN 102192591 A CN102192591 A CN 102192591A CN 2011101174539 A CN2011101174539 A CN 2011101174539A CN 201110117453 A CN201110117453 A CN 201110117453A CN 102192591 A CN102192591 A CN 102192591A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical biomass hot blast heater. A furnace cavity consists of a separated main combustion chamber for primary combustion, a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion, and a settling chamber for settling biomass ash; the upper part of the main combustion chamber is communicated with the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber; the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the lower part of the settling chamber; and high-temperature flue gas generated through the combustion of the main combustion chamber circuitously flows in the furnace cavity. The vertical biomass hot blast heater is designed to be a layer combustion structure with a three-layer combustion chamber structure, a combustion area is divided into the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, the gasification stage and the oxidation stage are separated, and primary air is prevented from being mixed too early. The combustion efficiency of the hot blast heater is improved obviously, the consumption level of fuel can be saved by about 10 percent compared with that of the conventional hot blast heater, and the vertical biomass hot blast heater is suitable for biomass with high moisture content, large dimensional change and high ash content.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the combustion apparatus field, specifically relate to a kind of hot-blast stove that biomass material burning back generation biomass high-temperature flue gas is used for miscellaneous equipment.
Background technology
A key problem in technology of biomass molding fuel processing will drop to 8%～12% with its raw material moisture content exactly, most widely used drying means is: adopt the vertical type biomass hot-blast stove, directly heat biomass material, such as bark, waste wood, wood chip, straw etc.And living beings generally have the moisture content height, the fuel change in size is big and characteristics such as content of ashes height.In addition, the grate furnace air distribution is inhomogeneous, and fuel can not completing combustion, and composite factors such as hot-blast stove thermal efficiency reduction cause the severe contamination to environment.Therefore, improving hot-blast stove efficient is development biomass fuel burning technologies with the effective ways that reduce the biomass combustion environmental pollution.
At present, the chamber structure of hot-blast stove is very simple, generally adopts the rectangle combustion chamber, promptly is to have only an independently chamber structure, and whole combustion process is all finished in a burner hearth.This hot-blast stove be only applicable to burn bark, culled wood.Traditional hot-blast stove adopts fire grate bottom gravity-flow ventilation, and ventilating does not have materially affect to improving combustion rate, and dog-house is concordant with grate surface, and feeding mode is a filling type, biomass fuel to reach burning time longer, it is insufficient to burn, and the thermal efficiency is low, produces the big shortcoming of fume amount.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of burning, fuel stage by stage be easy to catch fire, burn more thorough, can remove Mars, can regulate the vertical type biomass hot-blast stove of the interior temperature of stove.
In order to realize above purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of vertical type biomass hot-blast stove, comprise burner hearth, charge door, the expansion chamber of subsidiary combustion chamber that the main chamber that described burner hearth is used by the primary combustion that separates, second-time burning are used and sedimentation living beings ash is formed, described main chamber and subsidiary combustion chamber are interconnected on top, and described subsidiary combustion chamber and expansion chamber are interconnected in the bottom, and the high-temperature flue gas that the main chamber burning produces is tortuous flowing in burner hearth.
Further, described main chamber is a cylindrical cavity, and its sidewall offers a wind hole that is communicated with airduct, and the inwall in a described wind hole is vertical tangent with the sidewall of main chamber, forms whirlwind.
Described charge door be positioned at fire grate the top and with a wind hole on same horizontal line, biomass material is thrown in from top to bottom.
Described subsidiary combustion chamber and/or expansion chamber offer the secondary air hole that is communicated with airduct.
Be communicated with airduct below the fire grate of described main chamber, replenish air.
The outlet of described subsidiary combustion chamber connects deduster, to remove Mars and dust.
The outlet of described expansion chamber connects deduster, to remove Mars and dust.
Described deduster is cyclone dust collectors.
Described hot-blast stove rear portion is furnished with air-introduced machine, and air inducing sucks by the slag chamber under the fire grate, and making the combustion system in the burner hearth is little negative-pressure firing.
Hot-blast stove of the present invention, changed the hot-blast stove that in the past has only single chamber structure, be set as the grate furnace structure that becomes to have three grate firings burning cell structure, air is tortuous flowing in burner hearth, help the sedimentation ash content, be applicable to moisture content height, the living beings that the fuel change in size is big and content of ashes is high.Guarantee the even distribution of fuel during the design fire grate, grieshoch can cover whole grate surface.An important technology of the present invention is to burn stage by stage.It is divided into primary combustion chamber and secondary combustion chamber with the combustion zone, has separated gasification and oxidation stage, has avoided primary air to mix too early.In order to reduce disorderly the stable of fire grate top fuel bed that keep, air is not mixed at primary combustion chamber fully with flue gas, and the structure of secondary combustion chamber and the mode of spraying into of auxiliary air should guarantee flue gas and auxiliary air good mixing as much as possible.It is abundant more that flue gas mixes with auxiliary air, and the required excess air coefficient of completing combustion is just more little, and efficient is then high more.Secondary wind sprays into higher speed simultaneously, and mixed effect is good.The combustion chamber preferably adopts whirlwind to realize abundant mixing.
Adopt the counter flow combustion mode in the design, promptly the combustion flame direction is opposite with feedstock direction.This combustion system makes hot flue gas flow to out the combustion chamber and skims over wet fuel when surface, and convection current has promoted the drying and the moisture vapor transport of fuel.Make the fire box temperature of hot-blast stove increase, a wind tangentially sprays into along circular furnace wall with higher speed simultaneously, and whirlwind guarantees flue gas and primary air good mixing, has prolonged the holdup time of uncombusted carbon granules at burner hearth.At the burner hearth rear portion subsidiary combustion chamber is set, makes uncombusted carbon granules and fuel gas completing combustion in the burner hearth, reduced the black smoke that high temperature anoxic imperfect combustion is produced.High-temperature flue gas after the burning has reduced the dustiness in the flue gas further catching flue dust through expansion chamber.Aspect air distribution, because the hot-blast stove rear portion is furnished with air-introduced machine, the burner hearth combustion system is little negative-pressure firing, and tertiary air sucks by the slag chamber under the fire grate, and auxiliary air tangentially sprays into burner hearth by high pressure blower along the both sides airduct.So both control high wind effectively flying dust on the fire grate and unburnt carbon granules had been blown away, guaranteed the necessary a large amount of air of biomass fuel completing combustion again.
Because above-mentioned technology and measure, biomass fuel is finished in main chamber the drying of fuel and primary combustion process, and most of energy source of generation mainly plays gasification in primary combustion.Subsidiary combustion chamber is second-time burning, mending under the secondary wind action, mainly plays oxidation, makes uncombusted carbon granules and fuel gas completing combustion, to reduce the black smoke that high temperature anoxic imperfect combustion is produced.Expansion chamber can further be caught flue dust, has reduced the dustiness in the flue gas.Designed Combustion of Hot Air Furnace efficient obviously improves, and the consumption of fuel is compared with conventional hot-blast stove and saved about 10%, and the frequency of over-emitting black exhaust obviously reduces, and has reached the purpose of clean combustion.Applicable to burning wood chip, powder, BMF fuel is more suitable for burning.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the internal structure schematic diagram of hot-blast stove;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of hot-blast stove;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a wind hole arranged tangential.
Below, with accompanying drawing the present invention further is described in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, hot-blast stove of the present invention improves at original rectangular heat wind furnace and forms, and it is the combustion chamber of three difference in functionalitys that the combustion chamber of hot-blast stove is separated, and realizes more effective sectional combustion.Hot-blast stove of the present invention is made up of main chamber 1, subsidiary combustion chamber 2, expansion chamber 3 and cyclone dust collectors 4.The inner chamber of main chamber 1 is columnar structured, and the sidewall of main chamber 1 offers the inwall in 8, wind holes 8, some wind holes and the sidewall vertical tangent (Fig. 3) of main chamber 1.The inner chamber of subsidiary combustion chamber 1 and expansion chamber 3 is square (can certainly be columnar), and the sidewall of subsidiary combustion chamber 2 and expansion chamber 3 offers some secondary air holes respectively, and secondary wind helps regulating internal temperature, prevents that temperature is too high.Secondary wind sprays in subsidiary combustion chamber 2 and the expansion chamber 3 along both sides airduct 6 by high pressure blower, the wind speed 25～35m/s of secondary wind, blast 3000～5000pa.Subsidiary combustion chamber 2 is carried out unburnt gas and carbon granules in the main combustion chamber 1 secondary and is fully burnt, to improve the efficiency of combustion of hot-blast stove.Expansion chamber 3 reduces flue gas flow rate; make bulky grain dust and Mars reach the effect of natural subsidence; thereby reach the purpose of dedusting; original moisture according to the oven dry material; outlet temperature by the online adjusting flue gas of secondary wind; the one, satisfied the requirement of oven dry, the 2nd, prevent that exit gas temperature is too high, and cause the firing accident of revolving drum drier.Main chamber 1 is interconnected with the upper end of subsidiary combustion chamber 2, and subsidiary combustion chamber 2 is communicated with the lower end of expansion chamber 3, and the outlet of expansion chamber 3 upper ends is communicated with cyclone dust collectors 4, and dust and unburnt Mars are gone out.Charge door 7 is arranged in the top of main chamber 1 fire grate, and the center line in the center line of charge door 7 and a wind hole 8 is on same horizontal line, biomass fuel can drop into main chamber by charge door 7, realize and the reverse input from top to bottom of flame, the wet fuel that enters in the stove is carried out elementary drying earlier, help fuel and easily catch fire, also help the abundant burning of fuel at burner hearth, in combustion process, discharge a large amount of hot flue gases, the drying that is used for the rear portion is used.The hot-blast stove rear portion is furnished with air-introduced machine, and air inducing is by the induced duct under the fire grate 5 and go into the slag chamber, and making the combustion system in the burner hearth is little negative-pressure firing.
The operation principle of vertical type biomass hot-blast stove is as follows: the vertical type biomass hot blast stove design must adopt structure and the measure that is suitable for biomass fuel.Adopt the counter flow combustion mode in design, promptly the combustion flame direction is opposite with feedstock direction.This combustion system makes hot flue gas flow to out the combustion chamber and skims over wet fuel when surface, and convection current has promoted the drying and the moisture vapor transport of fuel.Make the fire box temperature of hot-blast stove increase, a wind tangentially sprays into along circular furnace wall with higher speed simultaneously, and whirlwind guarantees flue gas and primary air good mixing, has prolonged the holdup time of uncombusted carbon granules at burner hearth.At the burner hearth rear portion subsidiary combustion chamber is set, makes uncombusted carbon granules and fuel gas completing combustion in the burner hearth, reduced the black smoke that high temperature anoxic imperfect combustion is produced.High-temperature flue gas after the burning has reduced the dustiness in the flue gas further catching flue dust through expansion chamber, and for further eliminating flue dust and Mars, the rear portion also installs high-temperature cyclone dust extractor additional, to reduce the rate of catching fire of rear portion revolving drum drier.Aspect air distribution, because the hot-blast stove rear portion is furnished with air-introduced machine, the burner hearth combustion system is little negative-pressure firing, and the airduct of tertiary air bottom slag chamber under the fire grate enters and tangentially spray into burner hearth along furnace wall both sides airduct.So both control high wind effectively flying dust on the fire grate and unburnt carbon granules had been blown away, guaranteed the necessary a large amount of air of biomass fuel completing combustion again.Secondary wind mainly is located at furnace outlet subsidiary combustion chamber top and expansion chamber outlet lower portion, is to guarantee unburnt gas and carbon granule above the furnace outlet subsidiary combustion chamber, has enough oxygen fully to burn.Be the import cigarette temperature of mainly regulating rear portion revolving drum drier below expansion chamber, guaranteed the safe operation of equipment.
Claims (9)
1. vertical type biomass hot-blast stove, comprise burner hearth, charge door, it is characterized in that: the expansion chamber of subsidiary combustion chamber that the main chamber that described burner hearth is used by the primary combustion that separates, second-time burning are used and sedimentation living beings ash is formed, described main chamber and subsidiary combustion chamber are interconnected on top, described subsidiary combustion chamber and expansion chamber are interconnected in the bottom, and the high-temperature flue gas that the main chamber burning produces is tortuous flowing in burner hearth.
2. hot-blast stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described main chamber is a cylindrical cavity, and its sidewall offers a wind hole that is communicated with airduct, and the inwall in a described wind hole is vertical tangent with the sidewall of main chamber, forms whirlwind.
3. hot-blast stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described charge door be positioned at fire grate the top and with a wind hole on same horizontal line, biomass material is thrown in from top to bottom.
4. hot-blast stove according to claim 2 is characterized in that described subsidiary combustion chamber and/or expansion chamber offer the secondary air hole that is communicated with airduct.
5. hot-blast stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is communicated with airduct below the fire grate of described main chamber, replenishes air.
6. hot-blast stove according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the outlet of described subsidiary combustion chamber connects deduster, to remove Mars and dust.
7. hot-blast stove according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the outlet of described expansion chamber connects deduster, to remove Mars and dust.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described hot-blast stoves, it is characterized in that described deduster is cyclone dust collectors.
9. according to claim 6 or 7 described hot-blast stoves, it is characterized in that described hot-blast stove rear portion is furnished with air-introduced machine, air inducing sucks by the slag chamber under the fire grate, and making the combustion system in the burner hearth is little negative-pressure firing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101174539A CN102192591A (en) | 2011-05-09 | 2011-05-09 | Vertical biomass hot blast heater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101174539A CN102192591A (en) | 2011-05-09 | 2011-05-09 | Vertical biomass hot blast heater |
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| CN102192591A true CN102192591A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110645704A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 梅丽中 | Mars intercepting and annihilating type direct heat supply hot blast stove |
| CN110645705A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 梅丽中 | Double-stage direct-current dedusting heat exchange-free hot blast stove |
| CN110645706A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 梅丽中 | Direct heat supply type biomass hot blast stove with spark annihilation device |
| CN110645707A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 梅丽中 | Direct heat supply type biomass hot blast stove for drying |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201285155Y (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2009-08-05 | 珠海慧生能源技术发展有限公司 | Biomass fuel hot-blast stove |
| CN201488267U (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-05-26 | 兰州泰得燃烧设备工程有限公司 | Hot blast stove |
| CN201577519U (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2010-09-15 | 贵州省毕节地区农业机械研究所 | Tobacco leaf curing heating device utilizing straw gasification |
| CN202074687U (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2011-12-14 | 广州迪森热能技术股份有限公司 | Vertical biomass hot blast furnace |
-
2011
- 2011-05-09 CN CN2011101174539A patent/CN102192591A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201285155Y (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2009-08-05 | 珠海慧生能源技术发展有限公司 | Biomass fuel hot-blast stove |
| CN201488267U (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-05-26 | 兰州泰得燃烧设备工程有限公司 | Hot blast stove |
| CN201577519U (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2010-09-15 | 贵州省毕节地区农业机械研究所 | Tobacco leaf curing heating device utilizing straw gasification |
| CN202074687U (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2011-12-14 | 广州迪森热能技术股份有限公司 | Vertical biomass hot blast furnace |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 《工业锅炉》 20101231 刘巍 生物质热风炉的设计与应用 第6-8页 6-9 , 第6期 * |
| 刘巍: "生物质热风炉的设计与应用", 《工业锅炉》, no. 6, 31 December 2010 (2010-12-31), pages 6 - 8 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110645704A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 梅丽中 | Mars intercepting and annihilating type direct heat supply hot blast stove |
| CN110645705A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 梅丽中 | Double-stage direct-current dedusting heat exchange-free hot blast stove |
| CN110645706A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 梅丽中 | Direct heat supply type biomass hot blast stove with spark annihilation device |
| CN110645707A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 梅丽中 | Direct heat supply type biomass hot blast stove for drying |
| CN110645705B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏伟同如自动化设备有限公司 | Double-stage direct-current dedusting heat exchange-free hot blast stove |
| CN110645707B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-12-10 | 江苏伟同如自动化设备有限公司 | Direct heat supply type biomass hot blast stove for drying |
| CN110645704B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2022-07-26 | 梅丽中 | Mars intercepting and annihilating type direct heat supply hot blast stove |
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Application publication date: 20110921 |