JPH0348383B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an operating mechanism for a transmission used in an automobile or the like.

(Prior art) Conventionally, as a transmission operating mechanism, for example, "Automotive Engineering Complete Book Volume 9 Power Transmission Device" (January 1980)
Examples such as those shown in Figure 2.77 on page 78 and Figure 2.91 on page 84 of Sankaido Co., Ltd. are known.

This conventional operation mechanism is a semi-direct control type operation mechanism using a floor shift used in passenger cars, etc., and includes a striking rod that is operated by operating a control lever, a striking lever fixed to the striking rod, and a striking rod that is operated by operating a control lever. It included a shift bracket selected by a striking lever, a fork rod to which the shift bracket was fixed at one end, and a shift fork fixed to the fork rod.

Therefore, in the conventional operating mechanism, a selection operation on the control lever rotates the striking rod and the striking lever to select one shift bracket, and a shift operation on the control lever integrates the operating system. The driver was moving in the shifting direction and making a shift stroke with the shift fork.

Here, a reverse shift operation will be described as an example of a shift operation.

During reverse shifting, if the reverse gear is shifted directly by the reverse shift fork without the use of a synchronizer, gear noise may occur when the gears engage.As a countermeasure, shift by increasing the engagement play of the reverse gear. There is a known system in which a loss stroke is set at the beginning, and during this loss stroke, a gear noise prevention device using a synchronizing device for other shift positions is activated prior to the engagement of the reverse gear to apply braking force to the shift. There is. (Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in such conventional operating mechanisms, the shift bracket and shift fork are fixed to the fork rod by pin connection, etc. Therefore, the movement of the operating system due to the shift operation becomes the shift stroke, and if a loss stroke is set at the beginning of the shift, the shift fork will also move during this loss stroke, and the loss will only occur during reverse operation. The problem was that the amount of operation on the control lever increased by the stroke, which not only deteriorated the operational feeling but also increased the shaft length of the transmission.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems, and in order to achieve this purpose, the present invention has a shift bracket and a reverse shift fork. In the operating mechanism of a transmission, which is provided on a fork rod and configured such that the reverse shift fork makes a shift stroke in response to a shift operation, one of the shift bracket and the reverse shift fork is provided to be slidable with respect to the fork rod, A rotating lever is interposed between the bracket and the reverse shift fork, one end of the rotating lever and a case side member are supported by a first pin, and an intermediate portion of the rotating lever and the shift bracket are supported by a first pin. 2 pins, the other end of the rotation lever and the reverse shift fork are supported by a third pin, and the first
The distance between the fulcrums of the first pin and the third pin is set longer than the distance between the fulcrums of the pin and the second pin, and
A loss stroke gap is formed between the pin and the rotating lever to allow only the shift bracket to move slightly in the shift direction at the beginning of the reverse stroke, and the shift bracket operates by utilizing the loss stroke of the shift bracket. It is characterized by being equipped with a gear noise prevention device.

(Operation) The operation when performing a reverse shift with the transmission having the operating mechanism of the present invention will be explained.

During the initial stroke of reverse shift, the second
Due to the loss stroke gap formed between the pin and the rotating lever, only the shift bracket moves slightly in the shift direction while leaving the reverse shift fork behind, and this loss stroke of the shift bracket is used to eliminate gear noise. The prevention device is activated.

In the shift stroke range where the reverse shift exceeds the initial stroke, by providing a lever ratio in which the distance between the fulcrums of the first pin and the third pin is set longer than the distance between the fulcrums of the first pin and the second pin,
The stroke amount of the reverse shift fork can be increased relative to the stroke amount of the shift bracket.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In describing this embodiment, an example will be taken of the operation mechanism of a transmission with five forward speeds and one reverse speed by floor shifting.

First, regarding the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5,
Its configuration will be explained.

A is a transmission in which the operation mechanism of the embodiment is adopted, and as shown in the skeleton in FIG. 2, the drive transmission mechanism includes input shaft 1, 4th gear 2, counter 4th gear 3, and countershaft. 4,
Counter 3rd gear 5, counter 2nd gear 6, counter 1st gear 7, counter reverse gear 8, counter 5th gear 9, output shaft 10, 3
Speed gear 11, 2nd speed gear 12, 1st speed gear 13, reverse gear 14, reverse idler gear 15 (drawn offset in the figure for convenience), 5th speed gear 16
It is equipped with

In addition, gears 2, 11, 12, 13, 16 of the forward gear
Synchronizers 17, 18, and 19 are provided between the out-up shaft 10 and the out-up shaft 10 to enable smooth gear changes.

Further, the input shaft 1, countershaft 4, and output shaft 10 are supported by a transmission case 20 and an adapter plate 21 via bearings.

Further, rotational driving force from the engine is input to the input shaft 1 via the clutch 22, and the output shaft 10 outputs a gear ratio and a driving force in the rotational direction according to the gear position.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the speed change operation mechanism of the transmission A includes a control lever 23,
Striking rod 24, striking lever 25, 1st-2nd speed shift bracket 26, 3rd-4th speed shift bracket 27, reverse-5th speed shift bracket 28, 1st-2nd speed fork rod 2
9. 3rd speed - 4th speed fork rod 30, reverse - 5th speed fork 31, 1st speed - 2nd speed shift fork 32, 3rd speed - 4th speed shift fork 33, reverse - 5
It is equipped with a speed shift fork 34 and a rotating lever 35.

The control lever 23 is a lever provided in the vehicle interior for performing a gear change operation, and rotates the striking rod 24 and the striking lever 25 by a predetermined rotation angle by a selection operation (operation in the vehicle width direction). The striking rod 24 and striking lever 25 are moved in the rod axial direction by a shift operation (operation in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the shift brackets 26, 27, and 28 are integrally molded at the ends of each of the fork rods 29, 30, and 31, or have pins 36,
The shift brackets 26, 27, and 28 are each formed with lever fitting grooves 26a, 27a, and 28a, and by selecting the striking lever 24, any one of the shifts can be selected. Bracket is selected.

The fork rods 29, 30, 31 are rods on which each shift fork 32, 33, 34 is provided, and each shift fork 32, 33, 34
1st speed - 2nd speed shift fork 32 and 3rd speed -
4-speed shift fork 33 is fork rod 2
9, 30, and is provided so that the rod movement caused by the shift operation becomes the shift stroke as it is, and the reverse 5th speed shift fork 34 is fixed to the reverse
It is provided so as to be slidable with respect to the 5-speed fork rod 31.

Furthermore, the support section where each fork rod 29, 30, 31 is supported by the adapter plate 21 is provided with a positioning mechanism using a check groove and a spring-loaded check ball, which gives a sense of moderation during shifting and prevents gears from slipping out. We are trying to

The shift forks 32, 33, 34 are arranged in the coupling sleeves 38, 39, 40 of the synchronizers 17, 18, 19, and the coupling sleeves 38, 39, 40 are arranged in accordance with the shift stroke of the forward gear. Each forward stage gear 2, 11, 12, 13, 14 is moved and rotatably supported.
One of them is fixed to the output shaft 10.

The coupling sleeve 40 that performs a reverse shift stroke is provided integrally with the reverse gear 14, and during a reverse stroke by the reverse-5th gear shift fork 34, the reverse gear 14 is directly stroked, and the reverse idler gear 1
It meshes with 5.

The rotary lever 35 is interposed between the reverse-5th speed shift bracket 28 and the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34, and is connected to the shift bracket 2.
The reverse shift stroke from 8 and the 5th speed shift stroke are transmitted to the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34 via this rotary lever 35.

With this rotary lever 35 as the main component, during a reverse shift, the function of leaving behind the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34 at the beginning of the shift and the subsequent function of increasing the shift stroke are exhibited, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. , its structure will be described in detail.

The rotating lever 35 is formed of a substantially L-shaped plate, and has an elongated hole 35a in the supporting portion of the first pin 41, and a substantially isosceles triangular shaped hole in the supporting portion of the second pin 42. A loss stroke hole 35b is drilled in the support portion of the third pin 43.
C is drilled.

The first pin 41 is provided on a support plate 44 fixed to the adapter plate 21, and the second pin 42 is provided on a support plate 44 fixed to the adapter plate 21, and the second pin 42 is provided on a support plate 44 fixed to the adapter plate 21.
The third pin 43 is provided on the extending portion 28b extending toward the fork side, and the third pin 43 is provided on the extending portion 34a of the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34.

Further, the distance l2 between the fulcrums between the first pin 41 and the third pin 43 is made longer than the distance l1 between the fulcrums between the first pin 41 and the second pin 42, and the lever ratios are different. Then, while one shift bracket 28 moves by 11 mm in the reverse stroke direction, the shift fork 34 performs a reverse stroke of 14 mm (in the direction of arrow R).
The lever ratio is set to 14/11.

Further, the loss stroke hole 35b drilled in the support portion of the second pin 42 allows only this shift bracket 28 to have a slight stroke during the initial stroke when the shift bracket 28 starts to move in the reverse side stroke direction. A loss stroke gap t is formed to allow this loss, and in the embodiment, this loss stroke is set to approximately 3 mm.

In other words, the leaving function of the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34 is to support the shift fork 34 slidably with respect to the reverse-5th speed fork rod 31,
This is achieved by forming the loss stroke gap t, and the shift stroke increasing function is achieved by the lever ratio of the rotary lever 35.
In addition, 45 in Fig. 4 is the reverse-5th gear shift fork 3.
4 is a stopper, 46 is a spring-biased check ball body provided on the reverse-5 speed shift fork 34, and 47, 48, 49 are support plates 44.
These are a neutral position check groove, a reverse position check groove, and a 5th speed position check groove formed in the

Next, in the embodiment, the gear noise prevention device 5 utilizes the initial loss stroke of the reverse stroke.
This gear noise prevention device 50 will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5.

During a reverse shift, the gear noise prevention device 50 slightly strokes the 4th-3rd speed fork rod 30, activates the friction brake of the 4th speed side synchronizer 18, and attempts to stop the input shaft 1 and the countershaft 4. It is something to do. Structurally, the striking lever 25 has a protrusion 51.
is formed, and when this striking lever 25 is selected as the reverse-5th gear shift bracket 28,
The cam lever 52 that engages with the protrusion 51 is in the fourth gear.
It is provided in the third speed shift bracket 27.

The cam lever 52 has an upper portion rotatably supported by a support rod 53 fixed to the adapter plate 21, and a central portion thereof is pinned to an extending portion 27b from the 4th-3rd speed shift bracket 27. 54, and one point is the extending portion 27b.
The other end of the cam lever 52 is biased toward the striking lever 25 by a spring 55 that is engaged with the support rod 53 of the cam lever 52, respectively.

That is, at the beginning of a reverse shift, the cam lever 52 is moved toward the support rod 53 by the pressure from the protrusion 51.
Rotate slightly in the direction of arrow B in Figure 5, centering on
As the pin 54 moves due to this rotation, the pin 54
At the same time, the 4th-3rd speed shift bracket 27 and the 4th-3rd speed fork rod 30 move to the 4th speed shift side, and the friction brake of the synchronizer 18 is activated.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be explained.

(a) At the initial stroke of reverse shift At the beginning of a shift operation to the reverse side by selectively operating the control lever 23 to the reverse - 5th position, as shown in Fig. 6, the second pin 42 is used for loss stroke. This is a state near one end of the central portion of the hole 35b.

During the initial stroke after starting the reverse shift operation on the control lever 23, the shift operation force is applied to the striking rod 24.
→ Striking lever 25 → Reverse-5th gear shift bracket 28 → Reverse-5th gear shift bracket 31, and as shown in FIG.
The pin 42 moves through the loss stroke gap t from one end of the loss stroke hole 35b to the other end.

Note that during this initial stroke, the rotary lever 35 does not rotate, and the reverse-5th gear shift fork 34 remains in the neutral position at the start of the shift.

Also, during this initial stroke, the gear noise prevention device 50 is activated by moving the striking lever 25 to the reverse side, and the 4th-3rd speed fork rod 30 makes a slight shift stroke to the 4th speed side, causing the 4th gear 2 to shift due to frictional force. and decelerates the rotation of the countershaft 4.

(b) During the shift stroke of reverse shift When the control lever 23 is further operated to reverse shift beyond the above-mentioned initial stroke, the second pin 42 pushes the rotary lever 35, and the rotary lever 35 is centered around the first pin 41. rotates to
With this rotation of the rotation lever 35, the reverse-5th gear shift fork 34 supported by the third pin 43 shifts toward the reverse side.

The stroke amount of this shift stroke to the reverse side is the shift amount of the second pin 4 relative to the first pin 41.
It is determined by the lever ratio of the second and third pins 43, and in the embodiment, by moving the second pin 42 by 11 mm, the third pin 43 moves by 14 mm. In other words, the control lever should be adjusted so that a stroke of 17mm, which is the loss stroke of 3mm and the reverse shift stroke of 14mm, is obtained.
3 has to be shifted, but with the stroke increasing effect of the rotary lever 35, a stroke of 14 mm, which is the sum of the loss stroke of 3 mm and the reverse shift stroke of 11 mm, can be obtained with the shift operation amount of the control lever.
A stroke of 17 mm is obtained, and the amount of shift operation of the control lever 23 does not increase due to the setting of the loss stroke, and the amount of shift stroke to other shift positions is substantially the same.

In addition, the rotation lever 35 during reverse shift operation
The final state is as shown in FIG.

Also, during this reverse shift stroke, the cam lever 5 of the gear noise prevention device 50
2 is gradually returned to its original state by the spring 55, and along with this, the 4th speed-3rd speed shift bracket 27 is also moved to its original position, and the operation is released.

(c) During the 5th gear shift stroke During the 5th gear shift stroke, the reverse-5th gear shift fork 34 is moved backward by the stopper 45.
The stroke moves together with the speed fork rod 31, and the stroke is performed in exactly the same manner as the conventional 5th speed shift without direct involvement of the rotary lever 35.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the present invention may be modified without departing from the gist of the present invention. included.

In the example, an example was shown in which a gear noise prevention device using an existing synchronizing device was provided at the time of loss stroke, but as a gear noise prevention device, for example, the case described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 1988-80650 can be used. Even if it is a device that fixes the cone body to the wall, other mechanisms may be used.

Further, in the embodiment, the shift bracket is fixed to the fork rod and the shift fork is slidably provided on the fork rod, but the shift fork may be fixed and the shift bracket is provided to be slidable.

In addition, in the embodiment, an example was shown in which the support hole was opened on the rotation lever side, but the first pin, second pin, and third pin were provided on the rotation lever, and the support hole was opened on the support plate or shift bracket. Alternatively, a hole may be formed on the shift fork side.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, the shift operation is performed using a control lever, but a pneumatic, negative pressure, hydraulic, or electric shift actuator may be used, and a manual method using a selection button may be used.
An automatic shift method based on engine output or the like may also be used.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, in the transmission operating mechanism of the present invention, during the initial stroke of the reverse shift, the reverse shift fork is left behind and the loss stroke is set, and the gear noise prevention device is activated. Furthermore, when the shift stroke exceeds the initial stroke, the stroke of the reverse shift fork is increased depending on the lever ratio, preventing gear noise without increasing the shaft length of the transmission or increasing the amount of reverse shift operation. The effect is that a smooth reverse shift can be performed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall diagram showing the operating mechanism of a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a skeleton diagram showing a transmission to which the operating mechanism of the embodiment is applied, and Fig. 3 is a main part of the operating mechanism according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the main parts of the operating mechanism of the embodiment, FIG. 5 is a side view showing the gear noise prevention device of the operating mechanism of the embodiment, and FIG.
8 to 8 are diagrams showing the operating state of the rotary lever in the operating mechanism of the embodiment. 23...Control lever, 28...Reverse-
5-speed shift bracket (shift bracket), 3
1... Reverse - 5th speed fork (fourkrod), 34... Reverse - 5th speed shift fork (shift fork), 35... Rotating lever, 41... 1st pin, 42... 2nd pin, 43... 3rd pin,
44...Support plate (case side member), l1,
l2... Distance between fulcrums, t... Loss stroke gap.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a transmission operation mechanism configured such that a shift bracket and a reverse shift fork are provided on a fork rod, and the reverse shift fork makes a shift stroke in response to a shift operation, the shift bracket and the reverse shift fork one side of the fork is slidably provided on the fork rod, a rotary lever is interposed between the shift bracket and the reverse shift fork, and one end of the rotary lever and the case side member are supported by a first pin. the intermediate part of the rotary lever and the shift bracket are supported by a second pin, the other end of the rotary lever and the reverse shift fork are supported by a third pin, and the first
The distance between the fulcrums of the first pin and the third pin is set longer than the distance between the fulcrums of the pin and the second pin, and the distance between the fulcrums of the first pin and the third pin is set so that only the shift bracket moves in the shift direction at the beginning of the reverse stroke. An operation mechanism for a transmission, characterized in that it forms a loss stroke interval that allows a slight stroke, and is provided with a gear noise prevention device that operates by utilizing the loss stroke of the shift bracket.