JPS61223358A - Transmission manipulation mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve operability of a transmission by installing a turning lever between shift brackets and shift forks, either of which are slidable to fork rods, and having loss stroke done only by the shift brackets at the time of initial stroke. CONSTITUTION:Shift brackets 26-28 and shift forks 32-34 are installed in such a way that either of them are slidable to fork rods 29-31, and a turning lever 35 is formed between shift brackets 26-28 and shift forks 32-34. The lever ratio of the turning lever is set variously, and it is so arranged that the shift bracket 28 alone does a slight stroke at the time of initial stroke. It is possible, therefore, to set loss stroke without increasing shift manipulation of the control lever 23 or a shift actuator.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an operation mechanism for a transmission used in an automobile or the like.

(Prior art) Conventionally, the operating mechanism for a transmission has been described, for example, in "Automotive Engineering Complete Book Volume 9 Power Transmission Device" (November 1980, Co., Ltd.)
1b as described in Figure 2.77 on page 78 and Figure 2.91 on page 84 of Yamado Publishing Co., Ltd.).

This conventional operating mechanism is a semi-direct control type operating mechanism similar to the floor shifter used in passenger cars, and includes a striking rod that is operated by operating a control lever, a striking lever fixed to the striking rod, and a striking lever that is fixed to the striking rod. It included a shift bracket selected by a lever, a fork rod to which the shift bracket was fixed at one end, and a shift fork fixed to the fork rod.

Therefore, in the conventional operating mechanism, a selection operation on the control lever rotates the striking rod and the striking lever to select one shift bracket, and a shift operation on the control lever causes the operation system to shift as a unit. direction and made a shift stroke of the shift fork.

” Here, a reverse shift operation will be described as an example of a shift operation.

During reverse shifting, if the reverse gear is shifted directly by the reverse shift fork without the use of a synchronizer, gear noise may occur when the gears engage.As a countermeasure, it is necessary to shift by increasing the engagement play of the reverse gear. It is known that a gear noise prevention device that uses a synchronizing device for other shift positions is activated during the loss stroke by setting a loss stroke at the beginning and applying braking force to the shift prior to the engagement of the reverse gear. There is. (Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in such a conventional operating mechanism,
The shift bracket and shift fork were not fixed to the fork rod by pin connection, etc.
The movement of the operating system due to the shift operation becomes the shift stroke, and if a loss stroke is set at the beginning of the shift, the shift fork will also move during this loss stroke, and only during reverse operation will the control lever move by the amount of the loss stroke. The amount of operation becomes large, which not only deteriorates the operational feeling but also increases the shaft length of the transmission.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems. is provided on the fork rod, and the shift fork is configured to perform a shift stroke in response to a shift operation. A rotary lever is interposed between the shift bracket and the shift fork, one end of the rotary lever and the case side member are supported by a first pin, and the rotary lever is slidably provided. Connect the other end side and the shift bracket and the shift fork to the second
The shift bracket is supported by a pin and a third pin, and the distance between the fulcrums of the first pin and the third pin is longer than the distance between the fulcrums of the first pin and the second pin, and only the shift bracket is moved in the shift direction during an initial stroke. The loss stroke gap that allows a slight stroke is set in the second
It is formed between the pin and the shift bracket.

(Function) Therefore, in the transmission operation mechanism of the present invention, as described above, a rotary lever is interposed between the shift bracket and the shift fork, one of which is slidably provided with respect to the fork rod. By changing the lever ratio of this rotating lever and using a means in which only the shift bracket performs the loss stroke during the initial stroke, it is possible to set the loss stroke while leaving the shift fork behind during the initial stroke. During the shift stroke, the stroke amount of the shift fork can be increased by changing the lever ratio.

(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In describing this embodiment, an example will be taken of the operation mechanism of a transmission with five forward speeds and one reverse speed by floor shifting.

First, the configuration of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 will be explained.

A is a transmission in which the operating mechanism of the embodiment is adopted, and as shown in the skeleton in Fig. 2, the drive transmission mechanism is as follows:
Input shaft l, 4th gear 2, counter 4th gear 3, counter shaft 4, counter 3rd gear 5, counter 2nd gear 6, counter 1st gear 7, counter reverse gear 8, counter 5th gear 9, output shaft 1
It is provided with a 0.3 speed gear 1, a 2nd speed gear 12, an 1 speed gear 13, a reverse gear 14, a reverse idler gear 15 (drawn offset in the figure for convenience), and a 5th speed gear 16.

In addition, there is a smooth transition between gears 2, 11, 12, 13, and 16 of the forward gear and the output shaft lO.
Synchronizers 17, 18, and 19 are provided to increase speed.

Further, the input shaft, counter shaft 4, and output shaft 10 are supported by a mission case 20 and an adapter plate 21 via bearings.

In addition, the clutch 22
The rotational driving force from the engine is inputted through the output shaft IO, and the gear ratio and the driving force in the rotational direction according to the gear position are outputted from the output shaft IO.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gear shift operation mechanism of the transmission A includes a control lever 23, a striking rod 24, a striking lever 25, a gear shift bracket 26, a gear shift bracket 26, and a gear shift bracket 26. 27
, Reverse - 5th gear shift bracket 28. 1st gear - 2nd gear four-legged 29. 3rd gear - 4th gear four-legged 30, Reverse -
5-speed fork rod 3, 1st-2nd speed shift fork 32
．． It includes a 3rd-4th speed shift fork 33, a reverse-5th speed shift fork 34, and a rotating lever 35.

The control lever 23 is a lever provided in the vehicle interior that performs a gear shift operation, and rotates the striking rod 24 and the striking lever 25 by a predetermined rotation angle by a selection operation (operation in the vehicle width direction), thereby performing a shift operation ( The striking rod 24 and the striking lever 25 are moved in the rod axial direction by the operation in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

The shift brackets 26, 27, 28 are connected to each fork rod 29, 30, 3, as shown in FIGS.
This shift bracket is integrally molded or fixed to the end of 1 with a pin 36, 37, 26, 27, 28,
Lever fitting grooves 26a, 27a, and 28a are formed in each of the shift brackets, and by selecting the striking lever 24, one of the shift brackets is selected.

The fork rods 29, 30', 31 are rods on which each shift fork 32, 33, 34 is provided,
Of each shift fork 32, 33.34, the 1st-2nd speed shift fork 32 and the 3rd-4th speed shift fork 33 are fixed to the fork rod 29.30, so that the rod movement caused by the shift operation becomes the shift stroke as it is. The reverse 5-speed shift fork 34 is provided in
It is provided so as to be slidable with respect to the 5th speed fork rod 31.

In addition, the support part where each fork rod 29, 30, 31 is supported by the adapter plate 21 is provided with a position comfort mechanism using a check groove and a spring-biased check pawl, which gives a sense of moderation during gear shifting. Removal of the gear is intended to prevent pollution.

The shift forks 32, 33, 34 are connected to the coupling sleeves 38□, 39 of the synchronizer 17, 18, 19.
．． 40, which moves the coupling sleeves 3B, 39.40 according to the shift stroke of the forward gear, and connects each of the rotatably supported forward gears 2, 11, 1.
2, 13. Fix one of 14 to the output shirt) 10.

The coupling sleeve 40 that performs a long river shift stroke is provided integrally with the reverse gear 14, and during a reverse stroke by the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34, the reverse gear 14 is directly stroked and engaged with the reverse idler gear 15. be done.

The rotary lever 35 is interposed between the rear 1ji-5th gear shift bracket 28 and the reverse-5th gear shift fork 34, and the reverse shift stroke and 5th gear shift stroke from the shift bracket 28 are as follows: It is transmitted to the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34 via this rotation lever 35.

With this rotary lever 35 as the main component, during a reverse shift, the function of leaving behind the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34 at the beginning of the shift and the subsequent function of increasing the shift stroke are exhibited, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. , its structure will be described in detail.

1 Rotation '<-35 is formed by an abbreviated plate, and the support part of the first pin 41 has an elongated hole 35a, and the support part of the second pin 42 has an approximately two-way hole 35a. An equilateral triangular loss stroke hole 35b is drilled,
A pin hole 35C is formed in the support portion of the third pin 43.

The first pin 41 is provided on the support I and the plate 44 fixed to the adapter plate 21, and the second pin 42
is provided on an extending portion 28b of the reverse-5th speed shift bracket 28 extending toward the fork side, and the third pin 43 is provided on an extending portion 34a of the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34.

Then, the inter-fulcrum distance 2 between the first pin 41 and the third pin 43 is made longer than the inter-fulcrum distance intersection l between the first pin 41 and the second pin 42, and the lever ratios are made different. In the embodiment, the lever ratio is set to 14/11 so that the shift fork 34 performs a 14-stroke reverse stroke (in the direction of arrow R) while one shift bracket 28 moves by 11 mm in the reverse stroke direction. ing.

Further, the loss stroke hole 35b drilled in the support portion of the second pin 42 allows only this shift bracket 28 to make a slight stroke during the initial stroke when the shift bracket 28 starts stroke movement in the reverse side stroke direction. Loss stroke gap t that allows
In the embodiment, this loss stroke is set to approximately 3 strokes.

That is, the leaving behind function of the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34 allows the shift fork 34 to be slidably supported with respect to the reverse-5th speed fork rod 31.

This is achieved by forming the loss stroke 7 and the gap t, and the shift stroke function is achieved by the lever ratio of the rotary lever 35.

In FIG. 4, 45 is a stopper for the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34, 46 is a spring-biased check pawl body provided on the reverse-5th speed shift fork 34, and 47,4
8.49 is a neutral formed on the support plate 44;
These are a no position check groove, a reverse position check groove, and a 5th gear position check groove.

Next, in the embodiment, the gear noise prevention 1F device 50 is operated using the initial loss stroke of the reverse stroke.
0 will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5.

, the gear noise prevention +1 device 50 is configured to
Speed - Slightly stroke the 3rd gear fork rod 30,
The purpose is to operate the friction brake of the synchronizer 18 on the speed side to stop the input shaft l and the counter shunt 4.

Structurally, a protrusion 51 is formed on the striking lever 25, and when the striking lever 25 is selected as the reverse-5th gear shift bracket 28, the cam lever 52 that engages with the protrusion 51 shifts to the 4th-3rd gear shift bracket 28.
It is set at 7.

The cam lever 52 has an upper portion rotatably supported by a support rod 53 fixed to the adapter plate 21, and a central portion thereof attached to a portion 27b extending from the 4th-3rd speed shift bracket 27. is supported by a pin 54, and is urged toward the striking lever 25 by a spring 55, which has one end engaged with the extending portion 27b and the other end engaged with the support rod 53 side of the cam lever 52.

At the beginning of the reverse shift, the cam lever 52 moves around the support rod 53 due to the push by the protrusion 51.
The pin 5 rotates slightly in the direction of arrow B in the figure.
4 moves the 4th-3rd speed shift bracket 27 and the 4th-3rd speed shift bracket 30 together with the pin 54 to the 4th speed shift side, thereby operating the friction brake of the synchronizer 18.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be explained.

(a) Select the control lever 23 to the rear 1-5 speed position 1 during the initial stroke of the reverse shift: - At the start of the shift operation to the reverse side, as shown in FIG. is a state near one end of the center portion of the loss stroke hole 35b.

Then, reverse to the control lever 23,
During the initial stroke after the start of the shift operation, the shift operation force is transmitted from the striking rod 24 to the striking lever 25 to the reverse 5th gear shift bracket 28 to the reverse 5th gear fork rod 31, as shown in FIG. The second pin 42 moves through the loss stroke gap t from one end of the loss stroke hole 35b to the other end.

Note that during this initial stroke, the rotating lever 35 does not rotate, and the reverse-5th gear shift fork 34 is in the position of shift (shift) 1
31? At the starting neutral position! ! It remains abandoned.

Also, during this initial stroke, the gear noise prevention device 50 is activated by the movement of the striking lever 25 to the reverse side, and the 4th-3rd speed fork rod 30 makes a slight shift stroke to the 4th speed side, causing the 4th gear to shift due to frictional force. 2 and the countershaft 4 are decelerated.

(b) During the shift stroke of reverse shift If the control lever 23 is further operated for reverse shifting beyond the above-mentioned initial stroke, the second pin 42 pushes the rotary lever 35, and the rotary lever 35 is centered around the first pin 41. As the rotating lever 35 rotates, the reverse-5th gear shift fork 34 supported by the third pin 43 shifts toward the reverse side.

The stroke amount of this shift stroke to the reverse side is the second pin 42 and the third pin 43 relative to the first pin 41.
It is determined by the lever ratio of the 2nd pin 4 on the actual male side.
By making a stroke of 2 by 11 mm, the third pin 43 makes a 14 mm stroke.

In other words, the control lever 23 must be operated to shift so as to obtain 17 layers of stroke, which is the loss stroke of 3l and the reverse shift stroke of 14 layers. Due to the increasing effect, 14 layers of strokes can be obtained by adding 3 layers of loss stroke and 1 layer of reverse shift stroke.A stroke of 17 layers can be obtained with the shift operation line of the control lever. There is no increase in the amount of shift operation of the control lever 23 due to stroke setting, and the amount of shift stroke to other shift positions can be substantially the same.

The final state of the rotary lever 35 during the reverse shift operation is as shown in FIG.

Also, during this reverse shift stroke, the cam lever 52 of the gear noise prevention device 50 is moved by the spring 5.
5, the shift bracket 27 is gradually returned to its original state, and along with this, the 4th speed-3rd speed shift bracket 27 is also moved to its original position, and the operation is released.

(C) During a 5th gear shift stroke When a 5th gear shift stroke is performed, the reverse - 5th gear shift fork 34 is activated by the stopper 45.
1, the rotation lever 3 moves along with the stroke.
5 is not directly involved, and the stroke is performed in exactly the same manner as the conventional 5-speed shift.

The embodiments of the present invention' have been described above in detail with reference to the drawings.
The specific configuration is not limited to this example, but any design changes that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention. For example, in the example, a shift fork with a fixed stroke loss Although the reverse-5th gear shift is shown first, the present invention is not limited to a shift fork including a reverse as in the 04th embodiment, and may be applied to a forward shift fork that does not include a reverse.

In addition, when applied to a forward gear shift fork, for example, rosmet b-ri can be used to determine the timing of shift change (for example, in a 4-wheel drive vehicle, it can be used to change between 2 wheels and 4 wheels and shift change). (If you do them at the same time), make a switch at the time of loss stroke! It can be used as a shift start signal for various control devices.

In addition, in the embodiment, an example was shown in which a gear noise prevention device using an existing synchronizing device was provided at the time of loss stroke, but
As a gear noise prevention 1F device, for example,
Even if it is a device for fixing the cone body to the case wall described in the 0650 publication, other mechanisms may be used.

In addition, in the example, the shift bracket is
Although the shift fork is fixed to the clot and slidably provided on the fork rod, the shift fork may be fixed and provided slidably on the shift bracket.

In addition, in the embodiment, an example was shown in which the support hole was opened on the rotation lever side, but the first pin, second pin, and third pin were provided on the rotation lever, and the support hole was opened on the support plate or shift bracket. Alternatively, a hole may be formed on the shift fork side.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, the shift operation is performed using a control lever, but a pneumatic, negative pressure, hydraulic, or electric shift actuator may be used, and a manual method using a selection button may be used, or the vehicle speed may be controlled manually.

An automatic shift method based on engine output or the like may also be used.

(Effects of the Invention) - As explained above, in the transmission operation mechanism of the present invention, it is possible to set the loss stroke while leaving the shift fork behind during the initial stroke, and moreover, during the shift stroke, the shift fork can be adjusted depending on the lever ratio. Since the configuration is such that the stroke amount can be increased, it is possible to set the loss stroke without increasing the shift operation amount to the control lever or the shift actuator.

Also, during the initial stroke when the loss stroke is set, the shift fork will be left behind, so
There is no need to adjust the meshing interval of the gears, and there is no need to lengthen the transmission body in the axial direction.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, the shift fork is a reverse shift fork, and the device is activated and operated to prevent gear noise and heat during a loss stroke, so gear noise is prevented during a reverse shift, and the reverse shift can be performed smoothly. I can do this.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall view showing the operating mechanism of a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a skeleton showing a transmission to which the operating mechanism of the embodiment is applied, and Figs. 1 and 3 are operations of the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the main parts of the operating mechanism of the embodiment; FIG. 5 is a side view showing the gear noise prevention device of the operating mechanism of the embodiment; FIGS. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the operating state of the rotary lever in the operating mechanism of the embodiment.・23... Control lever 28... Reverse-5 speed shift bracket (shift bracket) 31... Reverse-5 speed fork rod (fork rod) 34... Reverse-5 speed shift fork (shift fork) 35 ...Rotating lever 41 - gate - 1st pin 42 ... 2nd pin 43 ... - 3rd pin 44 ... Support plate (case side member) it, see 2.
... Distance between fulcrums t ... Loss stroke clearance patent application Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A transmission operation mechanism configured such that a shift bracket and a shift fork are provided on a fork rod, and the shift fork makes a shift stroke in response to a shift operation, comprising: One end is provided to be slidable relative to the fork rod, a rotating lever is interposed between the shift bracket and the shift fork, and one end of the rotating lever and the case side member are supported by a first pin. , the other end side of the rotating lever, the shift bracket and the shift fork are supported by a second pin and a third pin, and the distance between the first pin and the third pin is smaller than the distance between the supporting points of the first pin and the second pin. In addition to increasing the distance between the fulcrums, a loss stroke gap is formed between the second pin and the rotating lever to allow only the shift bracket to move slightly in the shift direction during the initial stroke. Transmission operating mechanism. 2) The transmission operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the shift fork is a reverse shift fork.