JPS5891950A - Synchronizer for speed change gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To synchronize revolutions of speed change gears for speed changing by providing an acceleration mechanism to increase the revolutionary speed of a sub-shaft by transmitting the revolutionary power of an output shaft. CONSTITUTION:In the case of a shift down operation from the fourth speed to the third speed, when a driver releases an accelerator pedal and sets a speed- change lever from the fourth speed position to the third speed one, a computer 4 disengages a main clutch 1a and shifts a sub-clutch 2h to the neutral position. Then, an acceleration mechanism 2j is operated, and the revolutionary power of an output shaft 2 is transmitted to a sub-shaft 3 via gears 2e and 3f to increase the revolutionary speed of a gear 2c via a gear 3d. The synchronization between the shaft 2 and the gear 2c is detected by detectors 4a and 4b. When the synchronization is obtained, the sub-clutch 2h is engaged with the gear 2c. The output shaft 2 is directly connected to the gear 2c, and at the same time, the main clutch 1a is engaged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a synchronizing device for a gear transmission used as a transmission for a large truck or the like.

Conventionally, it has been extremely difficult to synchronize the rotations of gears during gear changes in gear transmissions used in large trunks and the like. Therefore, in the past, a means to solve this problem by using hydraulic transmission technology for the synchronization has been devised, but it has not yet been put into practical use because this technology is expensive and requires miniaturization. The reason is that it is difficult. Furthermore, in these practical applications, the speed change has been compensated for by the driver's double clutch operation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a synchronizing device for a gear transmission that solves the above-mentioned problems.

To explain the present invention based on an embodiment, Fig. 1 is a skeleton diagram showing a synchronizing device for a gear transmission as an embodiment of the present invention. A main clutch 1a is interposed between the shaft 1 and the intermediate glaze 1b, and a gear IC is installed on the intermediate shaft 1b.
The gear 3a, which is fitted into the countershaft 3 and gear-coupled with the gear 10, is fitted into the subshaft 3, and the other gears 3t), 30% 3d, 3e and 3ffJ are also fitted into the subshaft 3 and connected to the subshaft 3. Each of the gears 2a42t1%20%2d and 2e connected to the output shaft 2 is connected to the output shaft 2 on the output shaft 2.
2) 1 and 21 are spline-fitted to the output shaft 2 to enable relative rotational sliding, and sub-clutches 2g, such as dog clutches, 2) 1 and 21 are spline-fitted to the output shaft 2 to enable sliding operation in the axial direction, and 2h and 21 are each gear I
C or 2ax gear 2bJ5 or 20, and gear 2d or 20, respectively.

3g is a clutch-like brake interposed between the subshaft 3 and a fixed part such as a casing, and the clutch-like acceleration mechanism 2J is interposed between the gear 2e and the output shaft 2 and accelerates the subshaft 3. 4a and 4b are detectors that detect the rotational speed of the subshaft 3 and output shaft 2, respectively, 4 is a calculator, and %40 detects the shift position of a shift lever (not shown). O is an electric wire that sends a detection signal.To explain its operation in the above configuration, the sub-clutch 21 directly connects the output shaft 2 and the gear 2e to the second speed, and the sub-clutch 2h directly connects the output shaft 2 and the gear 2c to the second speed. 3rd speed,
When the sub-clutch 2h directly connects the output shaft 2 and the gear 2b, it is the first speed; when the sub-clutch 2g directly connects the output shaft 2 and the gear 2a, it is the fifth speed; and when the sub-clutch 2g directly connects the output shaft 2 and the gear 2a, it is the fifth speed.
When the output shaft 2 is directly connected to the output shaft 2, the shift state is the same as the 6th gear (connection drive), but in each of the above gear shifts, the shift state is from the 3rd gear to the 1st gear, or vice versa. The synchronizing action in the present invention will be explained in the second half, using as a representative example the case where the gear is changed from the first gear to the third gear.

Now, when the sub-clutch 2h directly connects the output shaft 2 and the gear 20 and the vehicle is running in the third speed state, the power of the engine is transferred from the input shaft 1 to the main clutch 1a,
Intermediate shaft 1b, gear 1c and 3as intermediate glaze 3, gear 3d
and 20 and the output shaft 2 through the sub-crunch 2h.
It is transmitted to.

From this state, shift up to 1st gear (5
When shifting (hift up), the driver returns the depression of the accelerator pedal to zero and sets the gear shift lever (not shown) from the previous 3rd gear to 4th gear position.

As a result, the instruction to change the gear and the instruction to set the gear to 4th speed are given to the wiring 4C, and the computer 4 releases the main clutch 1a based on the instruction signal, and (2) Shift the sub-clutch 2h to the neutral position shown, (3)
By lightly and quickly contacting the brake 3g, the rotational speed of the subshaft 3 is thereby reduced to the subshaft 3f.
The gear 2b, which is connected to the fitted gear 30 and the gear 3C, also decelerates together with the subshaft 3, and the deceleration state is detected by the detector 4a via the gears 3a and 10. On the other hand, in the output shaft 2, since the rotational speed of the disc 2 fitted on the output shaft 2 is detected by the detector 4b, the calculator 4 can detect the process l in which the subshaft 4 is decelerating. , the synchronization timing at which the output shaft 2 and the gear 2b have the same rotational speed is determined, and depending on the synchronization determination, the sub-clutch 2b is shifted to the side of the gear 2b as shown in the figure. Since the rotational speeds of the output shaft 2 and the tooth JII 2b are almost synchronized, the gear 2b and the sub-clutch 2h are easily connected to each other without causing much impact to complete the fourth gear position. make it cut

When the computer 4 confirms that the posture has been completed, the computer 4 (4) engages the main clutch 1a and enters the first speed driving condition, and as a result, the driver presses the accelerator pedal again. In addition, in the shift control from the third speed to the first speed, both the sub-clutches 2g and 21 are set at the neutral position shown in the figure.

Contrary to the above action, when performing a downshift (5-shift down) operation from 4th gear to 3rd gear,
The driver releases the accelerator pedal and shifts the gear shift lever to 4th gear.
When setting the lever position from speed to third speed, the above (1)
Then, the acceleration mechanism 25 lightly and quickly transmits the rotational force of the output shaft 2 to the gear 2e according to the command of calculation ff14, so that the rotational force is transferred to the gear 2e. 2e and 3f, the countershaft 3, and the gear 3d, the speed increase state in which the rotation of the gear 20 is increased is detected by the detector 4a as described above, and the output shaft 2 and the gear 2
Since the computer □4 detects the rotational synchronization with the sub-clutch 2h from the position shown in the figure, the computer 4 detects the rotational synchronization with the gear C by the detectors 4a and 4b. By shifting to the 2C position, the output shaft 2 and the gear 2C are directly connected, and the main clutch 1a is engaged to complete the third speed position.

In the above explanation, the reason why it is necessary to decelerate the gear 2b by the brake 3g in shifting from the third speed to the first speed is as follows.

That is, in the third speed, the gear 2b rotates at an increased speed via the output shaft 2, the sub-clutch 2h, the gears 20 and 3d, the subshaft 3, and the gear 30. In the state, the rotational speed of gear 2b is
This is because the rotation speed is higher than that of the output shaft 2. Therefore, in order to synchronize the rotational speeds of the sub-clutch 2h and gear 2b when shifting up from 3rd to 4th speed. In this case, it is necessary to apply a brake to the drive system that is interlocked with the gear 2b.

On the other hand, when downshifting from the first speed to the third speed, it is necessary to rotate the gear 20 at an increased speed using the rotational force of the output shaft 2 for the following reason.

This is because the gear 20 is decelerated through the output shaft 2, the sub-clutch 2h, the gears 2b and 30, the sub-shaft 3, and the gear 3d in the first gear. In the case of smell, the gear 2C is relative to the output shaft 2,
This is because it is rotating at a slower rotational speed. Therefore, when downshifting from the first speed to the third speed, the rotational force of the output shaft 2 increases the speed of the gear 2C, and as a result, it becomes possible to synchronize the rotations of the output shaft 2 and the gear 20. It is.

What is important here is that when downshifting to 1st, 3rd, or 5th gear, in order to synchronize all these downshifts, the acceleration mechanism must be installed at gear 2ab2o or gear 2ab2o. It is necessary to provide the gear train at a position where the gear train 2e can be accelerated, and that gear train becomes the gear train of the first speed gears 2e and 3f.

In addition, although the above description of upshifting and downshifting has been explained using the subclutch 2h as a representative, it should be noted that the operation is the same for the other subclutches 2g and 21 (as will be easily understood). Dew.

In the above explanation of the operation, the brake 3g is explained as a structure that actively applies brakes to the subshaft 3, but depending on the configuration of the transmission, it may be necessary to Since there is a large amount of power loss in gear meshing, there may also be a transmission in which the subshaft 3 naturally reduces its rotational speed without applying the brake 3g. In a transmission configured such that the rotational speed of the subshaft tends to decrease when changing gears due to loss, the brake 3g is not necessarily required.
There is no need to set it up. However, even in this case, the configuration of the present invention that is absolutely necessary is that the acceleration mechanism 2j is provided.

Furthermore, in the explanation of this embodiment, semi-automatic gear shifting was explained in response to commands from the computer 4 in explaining the effect of gear shifting. It is also possible to change gears by doing this.

For example, when shifting from 4th to 3rd gear, the driver must manually (1) release the accelerator pedal of the car, and (2) press the main When clutch 1& is released and (3) the gear shift lever is moved from the first gear position to the third gear, the sub-clutch 2h that is interlocked with the gear shift lever engages with the gear 2b, as in the conventional mechanism. It disengages from the coupling and moves in the direction of the gear 2C, but at this time, if the acceleration mechanism 2j is also configured to work in conjunction with the gear shift lever when the gear shift lever is downshifted, the gear shift lever is operated to shift. In the meantime, the gear 2o is accelerated as described above, and when the speed increase progresses and the gear 2o and the output shaft 2 reach almost synchronous rotation, the sub-clutch 2h is activated by the manual pressing force. It will naturally mesh with the gear 20.

As is clear from the above description, the synchronizing device for a gear transmission according to the present invention can be applied to a gear transmission having a conventional configuration, directly or indirectly in response to the movement of the gear change lever, or independently of the movement of the gear change lever. , an acceleration mechanism 2j that automatically operates according to the amount of accelerator depression and vehicle speed, etc. is provided, and the acceleration mechanism 2j easily solves the simultaneous problem of gear switching by applying the rotational force of the output shaft 2 to the countershaft. In particular, in response to the fact that the conventional synchronized mesh mechanism cannot be used as is in gear transmissions for large trucks, etc., and the disadvantages of the transmission have been compensated for by the driver's double clutch action.
This makes it easier for the driver to change gears.

Further, in the gear transmission synchronization device according to the present invention,
In addition to the acceleration mechanism 2j described above, when a brake 3g is provided on the rotating shaft of the system in motion on the subshaft 3, the rotation of the subshaft 3 is reduced by resistance loss in each gear. Since the brake 3g actively accelerates the reduction of the rotation, it is possible to complete the speed change imitation at the time of upshifting in this transmission more quickly.

In addition, in the gear transmission synchronization device of the present invention, the acceleration mechanism 2j, #5 or brake 3g that performs the synchronization has a simple structure similar to a clutch, so it can be used in a similar manner to a conventional hydraulic pump/motor. The structure is simpler and cheaper than the one using a servo motor.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram of a gear transmission equipped with a synchronizing device for a gear transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. The symbols used in the embodiment are as follows. : Input shaft 1a: Main clutch, 1b: Intermediate shaft, 10: Gear. 2: Output shafts 2a, 2b, 20.2d and 2e: Gears, 2g
, 2h a and 21: suck latch, 2j: acceleration mechanism, 2: disc. 3: Subshafts 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e and 3f: Gears, 3
gnibrake. 48 computers 4a and 4b: detector, 4o: wiring patent applicant
Etsushi Nishikai, Representative of Sanwa Seiki Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A main clutch (1a) is interposed between an input shaft (1) that is interlocked with the engine and a rotating shaft of a system that is interlocked with the subshaft (3); A plurality of gear trains having different gear ratios are interposed between the subshaft and the output shaft (2) interlocked with the driving wheels, and each gear train has a plurality of gear trains each having a different gear ratio. a sub-clutch (2g% 2h-21) that selectively interlocks the subshaft and the output shaft via the
), and an acceleration mechanism is provided between the subshaft and the output shaft to accelerate the rotational speed of the subshaft by transmitting rotational power of the output shaft. Machine synchronizer. 2. Between the subshaft (3) and the output shaft (2) 1: The accelerator installed is the 1st-0) speed C; the gear train (2e, 3f) to be used
The synchronizing device 3 of the gear transmission according to claim 1, which is interposed in ) and
The large-diameter gear (2e) coupled to the small-diameter gear and the teeth IL can rotate and slide with respect to the output shaft (2); A sub-clutch (21) is interposed to selectively couple the gear and the output shaft, and the acceleration mechanism interposed in the gear train is arranged between the large-diameter gear and the output shaft. A synchronizing device for a gear transmission according to claim 2, wherein the synchronizing device is provided in a gear transmission. 4. Between the input shaft (1) that is linked to the engine and the rotating shaft of the system that is linked to the subshaft (3), there is a gear train with different gear ratios. A sub-clutch (2g, 2h, 21) is provided between the sub-shaft and the output shaft to accelerate the rotational speed of the sub-shaft by transmitting the rotational power of the output shaft. The rotation system C of the sub-shaft is a brake mechanism (3g).
A synchronous mechanism for a gear transmission, characterized in that it is provided with. 5. The acceleration mechanism provided between the subshaft (3) and the output shaft (2) is a gear train (2e, 3f) used for first speed shifting.
) A synchronizing device for a gear transmission according to claim 4, wherein the synchronizing device is provided in a gear transmission. 6. The configuration of the gear train used for 1st speed shifting is based on the subshaft (3
), and a large diameter gear (2e) that is coupled to the small diameter gear is rotatably fitted to the output shaft (2) and is connected to the large diameter gear. A sub-clutch (21) is interposed between the output shaft and the large-diameter gear and the output shaft. A synchronizing device for a gear transmission according to claim 5, wherein the synchronizing device is provided between a large-diameter gear and the output shaft.