CN85106042A - Drive control method of semi-automatic machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

Semi automatic machine driving system (10) comprises can move forwards or backwards the gear level (1) and the central processing unit (38) of upshifting respectively with bottom gear.It accepts the incoming signal from bar (1), differentiate the repeatedly motion of this bar and be interpreted as multistage gearshift request, control system also comprises by current engaging gear than (2 ), allow to upshift at most continuously progression (telltale (2) that 2 ") and bottom gear progression (2 ') constitute; unit (38) comprise Circuits System and logic rules handle incoming signal with determine current allow gear than and to allow to upshift at most and bottom gear progression shows, it is only carried out, and less maximum allows to upshift continuously or bottom gear progression or selected progression.

Description

Drive control method of semi-automatic machinery

What the present invention relates to is a kind of control system that comprises M/C gear shift selector and read out instrument, and this system is used for the variation or the gear shift of pinion ratio in the control vehicle automatically, and leaves chaufeur or some remaining measure of control of operator of vehicle for.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of semiautomatic control system that is used for the mechanical speed change transmission, it comprises and is used for automatically carrying out the device that automatically determines and show the gear shift that can allow the transmitting ratio that chaufeur selects, and also comprises the master clutch of this vehicle except that the automatic guidance by the whole states that stop to start to walk.

In prior art, understood the full automaticity driving system that is used for heavy goods vehicle (such as heavy duty truck) and automobile well.This system senses the aperture of throttle

The speed of position, vehicle, speed of driving engine or the like, and come to vehicle gear shift automatically according to these.This full automatic variable-speed drive comprises such transmission, wherein, used hydraulic pressure to come one or more elements and other element or base generation frictional engagement, to obtain selected gear than (speed ratio), this device has been well known and has been automatic mechanical drive, that it has utilized electronics and/or compressed-air controlled logic and regulating control mesh (the being rigidity) power-transfer clutch with release mechanism, to obtain desirable speed ratio.With reference to United States Patent(USP) Nos. 3961546; 4081065 and 4361060, can see the example of this driving device, comprehensive in addition at this with reference to the disclosed content of these patents.

These full automatic variable-speed drives are expensive to unacceptable degree, particularly for the heavy-duty vehicle of the maximum that generally can not sell in a large number especially like this.In addition, from the power angle that dissipates between its input and output axle, relatively efficient is not high often to have utilized these automatic gear shift transmission devices of hydraulic pressure and/or torque converter.And the operator of many vehicles wishes to control the selection of transmitting ratio.Especially because they can see and/or know the situation and/or the cargo-carring goods of front link.Heavy-duty vehicle must accurately be operated with low speed usually and enter limited space; and under the sort of situation; full-automatic actuating device often only meshes a given low gear; particularly in such; when the fuel adjusting that driving engine occurs is bad; can temporarily take place just as any Vehicular system is common, unless vehicle operators is also just used the vehicle braked device at his left foot.Otherwise will be difficult to finish accurate manipulation with full-automatic actuating device, particularly those are not equipped with the just more difficult to manage of manual clutch control pedal.

According to the present invention, by providing a drive control method of semi-automatic machinery the shortcoming of prior art to be reduced or having removed.It has comprised most of advantage of an automatic speed-changing driving device, also allows simultaneously chaufeur that to a certain degree control action is arranged the device of override function that has usually except the full automaticity driving control system or kickdown.

Above-mentioned effect realizes by drive control method of semi-automatic machinery is provided, wherein, than between reach automatic speed changing at one group of gear, and allow chaufeur to remove to select when to do a specific speed ratio shift simultaneously, perhaps whether go to select instant continuous speed ratio to rise or descend, perhaps skip one or more speed ratios, and when the master clutch slippage of vehicle to promptly not exclusively being engaged on the low speed or the shelves of going slowly.And semiautomatic control of the present invention system stops chaufeur to select the more joint of high speed ratio, promptly changes to a meeting and causes that engine speed is reduced to the high speed gear under the idling, that is to say will cause and stop and/or transship under the low speed of driving engine; Also stop and select the more joint of low speed ratio, i.e. gear down (if this speed change can cause overrunning of driving engine).Be noted that for the armstrong's patent driving device,, make it not accelerate to the per minute rotating speed that surpasses controlled driving engine even the speed of driving engine can be limited.(RPM), but because unsuitable gear down, the phenomenon of overrunning of this driving engine also can take place.

According to another design of the present invention, not only stoped two kinds of mechanically disadvantageous transmitting ratios to be selected, and a kind of read out instrument is provided.Under the condition of the given road speed of a given engaging gear ratio, this device can indicate specific upshift and/or whether gear down is admissible.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new and the semi automatic machine driving device that has improved, automatically determine the progression of admissible upshift and gear down with given transmitting ratio of cause, preferably can also automatically show above-mentioned situation, and automatically carry out this admissible transmitting ratio conversion according to the manual selection of vehicle operators.In addition, this semi automatic machine driving system comprise one can be from the process of halted state starting by the manually operated vehicle master clutch of vehicle operators, thereby simplified the control of automatic mechanical transmission system, and allow the operator in the operation state of going slowly, to make clutch fading.

After the description of having read most preferred embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, these purposes of the present invention and advantage and other purpose and advantage will become more obvious.

Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing of semi-automated mechanical transmission driving system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the scheme drawing of S. A. driving control system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the hand shift control of chaufeur and the transparent view of read out instrument.

Fig. 3 B is the enlarged drawing of the display part that provides among Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 A is the partial cross section figure of main transmission section, and Fig. 4 B is the partial cross section figure by the slave part of separated (little speed ratio demultiplicator type) (splitter type) combination machinery driving device of control system semiautomatic control of the present invention.

Fig. 5-8 has provided the mechanical detail of separated (blocked splitter) the compound gearing slave part of piecemeal of the present invention.

Fig. 9 has provided the logic and the control electronics package of S. A. driving control system with the block scheme form.

Figure 10 has provided the shift logic diagram of circuit for a compound upshift.

Figure 11 has provided for the shift logic diagram of circuit of the separation gear shift of upshift only.

Figure 12 has provided for the shift logic diagram of circuit of the separation gear shift of gear down only.

Figure 13 has provided the shift logic diagram of circuit for a compound gear down.

In the description of most preferred embodiment, will use some term, this only is for illustrative purposes, rather than fixes limit.Term " makes progress ", and " downwards ", " to the right " and " left " will represent the direction in the accompanying drawing of institute's reference.Term " inwardly " and " outwards " expression are by the inside and outside respectively direction of the geometric centre of device that is being described or its part.The derivative of the above-mentioned term of mentioning especially above also being applicable to and term with similar meaning.

Term " simple transmission " is used for representing a kind of speed change transmission, and wherein, the operator can select in one group of single gear retarder.Term " compound transmission " is used for representing a kind of like this speed change transmission, it has a main transmission section and an auxiliary transmission section that is in series with it, thereby can be by further selecting gear reduction to be made up at auxiliary transmission section at the selected gear reduction of main transmission section.A kind of compound transmission will be represented in term " the compound transmission of separated " (splitter type) as used herein, and wherein, accessory drives is used to provide various selectable steps, to be subdivided in the selected transmitting ratio of main transmission section.In a separated compound gearing, main transmission section typically has the wide gear of saying so relatively, and these shelves are separated by slave part or segmented.The term of usefulness " upshift " will refer to the gear shift of comparing the gear ratio of higher speed from more low-tach gear herein.The term of usefulness " gear down " will refer to the gear shift of being compared more low-tach gear ratio by the gear of higher speed herein.The term of usefulness " low gear " herein, all these will be illustrated in the gear ratio that is used for minimum speed of advance operation in a driving device or the running part " low grade " and/or " first grade ", that is that group gear that the maximum deceleration ratio, is arranged with respect to the input shaft of this driving device.

" preferential direction " of gear shift will refer to by the single-stage of a specific gear ratio or the selection of multistage upshift or gear down.(displacement) refer to the number of selectable transmitting ratio between two given transmitting ratios in " displacement " between the transmitting ratio, for example, third speed or the 3rd gear are than being all at the 4th and the 5th speed of the direction of the gear down gear of displacement one (1) and two (2) transmitting ratios respectively by both.

Term " piecemeal transmission " (blocked transmission) or " piecemeal running part " will be represented a speed change constant-mesh driving device or running part, wherein, select in one group of axially movable gear, it is coupled on the transmission shaft non-rotatingly, this is because the result of the axial motion of this selected position engaged of gear from neutral gear to it, by means of a posittive clutch that is elastically biased toward with adopt a baulk ring (blocber) to prevent reaching synchronous rotation this engagement of appearance in the past basically at each element of posittive clutch, obtaining of this synchronous condition is that input and/or output shaft by handling this driving device manual and/or automaticly realized, to obtain the transition of synchronous condition between the two (crossing), rather than typically wipe contact by selected clutch element obtains, and this contact is enough to cause that an element and associated device and other clutch element of power-transfer clutch rotate together.At US Patent № .3799002; 3924484; Introduced piecemeal transmission (blocked transmission) and/or running part in 4192196 and 4440037, comprehensive in addition with reference to all these disclosures at this.

In principle, the present invention can be used for the semiautomatic control system of the mechanical variable speed drive of any kind, and it can be used for providing output signal and from those devices signal that takes orders for some electro-pneumatic control setups.Yet semiautomatic control of the present invention system is used for the separated compound gearing advantageous particularly of such type, and this type right and wrong are synchronous, and no piecemeal main transmission section and piecemeal separated auxiliary transmission section are in series.This driving device is known by prior art, and be called as " half point piece " driving device, and description and illustrating the european patent application No.823035862(EP-A-0117342 that announces in February 9 nineteen eighty-three), in addition comprehensive with reference to the disclosed content of these publications at this.

With reference to figure 1, the threshold position of the throttle 24 of driver's operation is by central processing unit 38 that sensor 22 detects and is fed to, central processing unit 38 also receives by sensor 28 incoming signals relevant with engine speed that obtain, and/or by sensor 32 incoming signals relevant that obtain with the transmission drive shaft speed, by sensor 36 incoming signals relevant that obtain with transmission output shaft speed, with gear-shift lever from chaufeur, or " joystick " 1 operate relevant incoming signal forward or backwards, will be described in more detail below.People know that the speed of driving engine is an indication of driving system drive shaft speed, and vice versa, particularly when power-transfer clutch 16 is non-sliding engaged.

Disclosed in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is control logic circuit, sensor and the actuator of driving system 10, may be as disclosing among the US Patent № .4361060, and in addition comprehensive with reference to its disclosed content at this.Particularly, central processing unit 38 receiving inputted signals, handle this signal according to the logic rules that are predetermined, and provide the actuator of command output to compressed-air controlled and/or electricity, to control exhaust brake 17 and/or to be the input shaft drg 18 of rapid upshift, and automatic fuel-control unit 26, " temporarily increase " (blip) driving engine 14 fuel supplying are made gear down rotation synchronously rapidly before, by mechanical arm 30 control clutchs, and by 34 pairs of transmitting ratio gear shift of driving system mechanical arm.Central processing unit is also sent command output to the telltale 2 that below will comparatively describe in detail.In addition, S. A. driving system 10 comprises one usually with manual clutch's controller 3 of pin operation, only will by static to start to walk and/or situation that low speed is gone slowly under use.This semi automatic machine driving system 10 has also comprised power supply and/or pneumatic power (not shown).

The interim increase to the fuel supply of driving engine 14 represented in term " fuel feeding temporarily increases " as used in this, and term " the instantaneous minimizing of fuel feeding " refers to the instantaneous minimizing to fuel cut engine.The term fuel feeding temporarily increases and increases to driving engine with the auto mat order respectively usually with the instantaneous minimizing of fuel feeding or to reduce fuel supply relevant, and with the location independent of the selected artificial Das Gaspedal 24 of operator.

With reference to figure 3 as can be seen, preferably central processing unit 38 is placed among a box or the shell 38A, this shell has display panel 2, it comprise a upshift indication display 2 ', a gear down indication display 2 " and a current gears in mesh than telltale 2 " ', 1, one of gear shift select lever is selected reversing starter button 1A, and a central processing unit electronic circuit 38B.

The sketch of the control system of this semi automatic machine driving system 10 is also illustrated among Fig. 2.

Referring to Fig. 3 B, telltale 2 comprised upshift indicator part 2 ', gear down indicator part 2 " and current engaging gear than indicator part 2 " '.Xian Shi engaging gear is than display part 2 as indicated in the figure " ' just show " 6 ", indicate this vehicle transmission gear and just be operated on the 6th grade.Upshift display part 2 ' three lines are arranged shows the maximum number that can allow continuous upshift according to detected input parameter (such as driving engine or drive shaft speed and the output shaft speed according to predetermined logic rule or routine processes).In the case, the indication of three lines be the admissible one-level of changing, the upshift of two-stage or three grades.Therefore, chaufeur can be selected a kind of admissible shelves, directly is raised to the 7th, the 8th or the 9th speed.Gear down display part 2 " two lines are arranged, show according to the maximum number that allows continuous gear down by the detected parameter of predetermined logic rule or routine processes.In the case, telltale 2 ' in two lines represent that this driving device can allow gear down to the five or fourth speed.

Briefly, the allowed band of possible upshift or gear down is constant substantially at the hypothesis car speed, under the complete ingear prerequisite of master clutch, desired engine speed compares with the specialized range of admissible driving engine maximum speed and minimum velocity to determine when being finished by the operation of such upshift or gear down, and central processing unit 38 signal of will not giving an order removes to carry out selected unallowed transmitting ratio and changes.Preferably, central processing unit will be carried out and approach the admissible transmitting ratio variation of the selected numerical value of operator most, for example suppose situation (as showing among Fig. 3 B) by telltale 2 expressions, if the operator selects gear down to third gear, such gear down will can be not performed by central processing unit 38, is unallowed because this transmitting ratio changes.But in illustrated embodiments, central processing unit 38 will be the output signal of giving an order from the 6th grade of two-stage gear down to fourth speed.Not only unallowed transmitting ratio changes and is gone whistle, and chaufeur received the advice of telltale 2 usually, and promptly this transmitting ratio originally should not attempted or be selected.Be stressed that, determine a selected transmitting ratio to change standard that be allowed to or that be not allowed to, be according to current gears in mesh transmitting ratio and engine speed fully, even this engine speed is when having an instantaneous variation to selected transmitting ratio, what still obtain is to keep constant output.

Telltale 2 provides indication to the operator, promptly changes which type of high speed gear and low gear and allows, and what is unallowed.If chaufeur is not noted this warning, promptly enable the synchronous of the mechanical jaw clutch element of system's acquisition thus, central processing unit 38 can not produce unallowed shift command yet.

When upshift indication display 2 ' when being blank, upshift is unallowed, chaufeur perhaps travels under the engine speed (RPM) with a low-down economy.On the contrary, gear down indicating device 2 " when being blank, that is to say; do not have horizon on telltale, to show; gear down is unallowed, just it current gears in mesh than under the moment of torsion of maximum in this system, acceleration/accel or hill climbing ability have perhaps been used.Gear shift is realized engagement or is unclamped master clutch 16 by means of manual clutch's pedal 3 artificiallies of machinery usually and without the operator, pedal 3 generally only is to be used for from static starting, reversing or in the warehouse, handle etc. under the situation, the power-transfer clutch of the vehicle that has adopted traditionally as people.

In order to make driving device 12 gear shift, the operator shows bar 1 from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 position forward (upshift) and backward (gear down) move.In order to select to rise the high speed gear of one-level, promptly change to the 7th grade, the operator moves forward bar 1 once, if this bar will be got back to neutral gear or the out-of-position center is arranged then, in as shown in the figure the 6th grade, the operator is with very fast the moving forward continuously three times of this bar, all allow it to turn back to static position each time, in fact, it has jumped two lattice, and obtain the gear shift of jumping, almost be that moment ground realization directly enters the 9th speed (i.e. not engagement of the 7th and the 8th speed).Therefore gear shift repeatedly or that jump can be handled with semiautomatic control of the present invention system.Owing to the braking of auto-throttle and clutch control and input shaft and/or driving engine is arranged, makes master clutch 16 de-meshs and make and automatically and apace to realize than the synchronous of relevant selected jaw clutch element with selected gear.This control system is semi-automatic, when chaufeur is upshift for, when gear down and rise how many gears than and how many gear ratios fall, must his judgement of utilization, and do not require and coordinate gear-shift lever, the action of Das Gaspedal and power-transfer clutch.In case the operator has selected the gear ratio of a permission, when gear down, the fuel feeding of throttle just temporarily increases, perhaps when upshift, the fuel feeding of throttle is with regard to instantaneous decline, and to realize the synchronous of necessity, all these is automatically finished for the operator by central processing unit 38, the operation of reversing only begins to carry out from the neutral in dead position, and mobile then control stalk 1 is from the in-migration realization backward of current ingear Neutral Position.Do not note and enter car backing operation in order to prevent " gear down ", adopted a reversing button 1A, this button must be pressed before central processing unit is explained moving backward of control stalk 1, and control stalk 1 is the position at neutral gear when proposing the request of car backing operation.

Upshift and/or gear down all include the auxilliary two parts of advocating peace, and that is to say, compound gear shift, and compound gear shift and the separation gear shift that only includes slave part are carried out similarly simple concerning the operator.Be equipped with in the driving device of multistage reverse drive ratio at those, control stalk moves like that forward and backward by indication, reduces to lower reverse drive ratio in the time of can making this driving device gear down.Rise to higher reverse drive ratio during upshift.Certainly, the toggle switch of any pattern or the button that can be installed in the end of gear-shift lever can be used for replacing reversing starter button 1A.

It is reported, a kind of single control bar (a single control lever) can be used to replace illustrated control stalk 1, this single control bar can move forward in assigned direction backward, to select forward and oppositely directed operation pattern, on the direction of cross-sectional plane, also can move then, to select to change single-stage or multistage low gear and high speed gear.The control stalk of this pattern disclosed in US Patent NO.4442730, and was in addition comprehensive at this with reference to the content of wherein announcing.

Another of semiautomatic control of the present invention system is important with favourable characteristic to be: when vehicle stops fully, but power-transfer clutch 16 is thrown off by means of stretcher 3 artificiallies, control stalk 1 moves once on the direction of gear down, this control system will automatically move to change-speed box 12 on the highest admissible starting transmitting ratio, its gear shift of can jumping strides across the gear ratio of a big group between the centre.Explanation by way of example, have in 12 fast drivings device that advance at one, the highest admissible starting transmitting ratio can be the 3rd retaining, is changing on the direction of bottom gear, the action of another control stalk makes this driving system move to second grade, and this is that the situations such as starting of comparatively fast or slightly effort are desired.In static or motion, the operator always can select a kind of from the transmitting ratio of those permissions, manual clutch only is used for following situation, promptly threw off driving device and stop and the process from static to starting in any admissible starting gear with avoiding before stopping.If during a S. A. gearshift, if the driver's operation manual clutch, the speed change in advancing will be ended, and only just continues when manual clutch meshes again.

A kind of additional feature is: if in the emergency state, under the situation such as avoiding barrier etc. on the way, the operator can slip out of the hand dynamic clutch and go to stop the motion of vehicle, and this control system is experienced a very low road speed, and power-transfer clutch 16 jump out of mesh automatically.The means of a kind of automatic disengaging clutch like this will stop engine stall, thus the function that maintenance is handled and other driving engine drove.In order to make vehicle movement once more, the operator will be manually power-transfer clutch 16 jump out of meshs, and gear-shift lever 1 is pushed change to the bottom gear direction, to select the starting transmitting ratio of the highest permission once more.

Another supplementary features are: if the operator allow below the acceptable torque of the speed drop to of vehicle motor (such as, make the diesel motor of a heavy duty vehicle reduce to 800-1200 rev/min), under may occurring in traffic situation at full stretch, for the service condition that measures at present, the downward action of the mono-of control stalk 1 will cause automatically that driving system changes to admissible minimum gear ratio.Therefore, in this case, response control stalk 1 mono-moves downwards, and vehicle can automatically have the acceleration/accel of the maximum that can carry out.

Consult Fig. 4 A, the main or fwd running part of change-speed box 12 has the forward drive ratio of four alternative step pitch broads.Its not synchronously or baulk ring (blocker), it usually driving engine by master clutch 16 with after the input shaft disengaging connects just by gear shift.The output shaft 68 of main transmission section is light as much as possible, to reduce inertia, consequently can not need the precise synchronization of slave part.This main portion has two tween drive shafts, a tween drive shaft has countershaft-gear 74 and 76, they always are meshed with main driving axle gear 80 and 82, by means of jaw clutch 96, can select one in these main driving axle gears to make it to connect rigidly with main driving axle 68 at every turn.

Consult Fig. 4 B, outside the selection of removing the main driving axle gear is made up by piecemeal, adopted the principle of similar two tween drive shafts, unless two conditions are implemented.These two conditions are: at first, main or leading portion is the position that mediates, so that inertia is minimum, secondly, at least moment to realize the cheek clutch parts that accompany therewith separately synchronously, promptly synchronized transition (crossing of synchronization).The baulk ring of slave part (blocker) (as on each main driving axle gear 154 172) mechanically realized this purpose.Baulk ring 172 is to be fixed on the cheek clutch parts 164 at hand of rotation, also has a bit relative rotation each other.Cheek clutch parts 164 usefulness splines are fixed on the main driving axle 68.Because friction means 232 and 234 drive, baulk ring 172 are tending towards with main driving axle gear (always with countershaft-gear be meshed) rotation together, and will rotate to some extent with respect to master clutch parts 164 in the rotation limit each other that allows.Only when synchronized transition (crossing of synchronization), baulk ring (blocker) just will be located at hand of rotation with respect to cheek clutch, so that real and selected or previously selected main driving axle gear is meshed.Two conical surfaces 218,220 are arranged on baulk ring, and on the cheek clutch parts 222,224 so that the supposition main portion is when having mediated, inertia be minimum, then can be asynchronous in relatively little limit.The structure of used synchronous ring clutch can be learnt from prior art in the structure of change-speed box 12 and the auxiliary transmission section in this change-speed box, and at United States Patent(USP) Nos. 3799002; 3921469; 3924848; 4194410; 4440037; And done more detailed commentary among European patent application EP-A-0071353 that has announced and the EP-A-0117342.This structure has also diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 5～8, but has not prepared to do further commentary herein.

Now will further set forth and determine among the present invention to allow the typical operation process of transmitting ratio and the operating process of control system transmitting ratio conversion.

The function and the parts of semiautomatic drive are, the gear selection switch of gear ratio or gear-shift lever 1, display panel 2, control box 38, speed sensor 32,36, driving engine (fuel) controller 26, throttle and clutch sensor 22,3(detect chaufeur institute applied pressure) gear shift, power-transfer clutch, the electro-pneumatic controller (use the engine air inlet tube vacuum, also can use servo vacuum-follower together as needs) of brake usefulness, input brake 17 and/or 18 and their actuating unit, control cable, and clutch actuating mechanism 30.

With reference to project 1,2 and Central Processing Unit (CPU) 38, these have imported the speed change request of chaufeur, and tell which gear shelves he is at now, and in office he can select those other speed ratios in a flash, comprise from static, this gear shift can be to change one grade in order to finish any gear shift gears necessary driving engine and vehicle-state from detected, also can be hop jump number grade.Gear shift work is moved by the one or many of gear-shift lever 1 and is finished, and perhaps travels forward to change top grade, perhaps moves with gear down backward.Gear-shift lever is equipped with biasing spring, can make it return static or vertical position, and the gear-shift lever motion once will be controlled a gear shift.

Driving engine is controlled by fuel-control unit 26, and it comprises two electromagnetic valves, and " fuel feeding temporarily reduces " with driving engine is associated.Another then is associated with " fuel feeding temporarily increases ", when the minimizing fuel feeding not only is applied to change top grade, and is used for cutting off torque line before the gear down.If desired, a servo-actuated has provided the control of servopump in the dos-double acting pneumatic piston of electromagnetic valve, and needn't the driver touch.The signal that these devices come the electron steering plate this system that responds can provide remote operated auto-throttle control or all electronic engine management.

For making this systemic-function correct, be necessary to examine power-transfer clutch is floored and the realization of throttle partly open whether, this can be by laying switch (miniature near switch to (micro pr proximity))) reach, these switches are placed in the total travel of counting power-transfer clutch and the motion of initial acceleration device at least from driver's stretcher.

Driving device mechanical arm 34 comprises the manifold of an electro-pneumatic (" EP "), and it preferably is separated into two elements.First and preceding case connect, the action of second and rear cabinet connects.The electro-pneumatic manifold is by solenoid control and and a kind of manifold of linking with the cylinder barrel of gear shift piston.

Mechanical arm 34 also comprises the switch unit that has pneumatic piston, the servo action that the cooresponding electro-pneumatic valve of piston green phase produces behind electronic control box 38 picked up signal and moving.

Chaufeur obtains following guidance:

Vehicle is static state, and air pressure is in normal intensity, and stopping brake lock is pulled on, disengaging of clutch, and acceleration is at idle position.At this moment will indicate neutral gear (center position) on the telltale, the driver promotes gear-shift lever forward once, so just switch unit is presetted in the position of dead slow compared with the step.This moment, gear did not also hang up.Micro-switch will move when depressing pedal of clutch and reaching pedal stroke.

Hang up first grade, engage the clutch, when loosening stopping brake lock, open the throttle wide, automobile will be walked, and just can normally quicken subsequently.When reaching desired speed, the driver can once select second higher speed ratio by operating gear-shift lever forward.Be under zero the situation in speed, the gear-shift lever motion once can make change speed gear box, and (when automobile stops) turns back to the position of initial speed ratio from the present position.

Visual demonstration is placed in so suitable position, makes the driver not need all to reverse the corresponding gearshift number that sight line just can be seen demonstration from the direction in direct-view road the place ahead, also can see the demonstration of the needed rapid change of gear shift simultaneously.

The electron steering plate comprises central processing unit (CPU) 38, accepts the order from the driver of gear shift selector, acceptance sends order to electro-pneumatic manifold, switch unit from the signal of change speed gear box input shaft and output shaft, upshift coarst brake, driving engine and clutch control part.Control desk will be designed to include incoming signal, make it can carry out semi-automatic transmission.

Incoming signal is also from speed sensor, and these unit that monitoring two axles of input and output all are identical, and they will be from the 400(idling) provide accurately in the engine speed range of (specified the most at a high speed) until 2600 rev/mins that speed measures.

The control of driving engine appears on two elements.Situation between the input and output axle speed of electronic machine check driving device reaches may upshift the time as speed, starts automatically when throttle, power-transfer clutch and upshift drg will occur, brings the joint of synchonize and second grade.Along with second grade joint, the control that the upshift drg will unclamp (it is unclamped earlier) power-transfer clutch and driving engine returns to original position.Because be automatically, this program so consequently can not awared the vehicle operation performance rapidly and a little decay, hardly the phenomenon that may make the automobile in advancing occur making a short pause.And if power control is a fleeting thought of taking orders from the driver, this (pause) phenomenon may take place.When conditions permit, this program can repeat up to the most at a high speed than till reaching via change speed gear box.

When driving engine and automobile underspeed, just need gear down under disadvantageous load and road conditions, but perhaps whenever all may require gear down.Yet, have only the enough speed ranges of driving engine to be suitable for realizing could realizing gear shift when synchronous.Suppose that relevant condition all exists, so, a kind of will the generation in two kinds of programs.This program depends on it is the gear shift of having only rear cabinet, the compound gear shift of case and rear cabinet before still comprising.

Along with the signal of giving the gear shift of rear cabinet single-stage, the gear in the rear cabinet will be selected, and the program of " throttle reduces " (oil pump trend idling) is activated, and keeping the regular hour is enough to make torque line to be interrupted and is able to de-mesh.Power-transfer clutch also will separate and then engage." throttle reduces " program will be moved to end and " throttle increase " cycle (petrolift trends towards out sufficient throttle) beginning.Detecting when synchronous, separation device will order about low-grade the joint, and " throttle increase " cycle will stop, and throttle returns to the desired position of driver.

For compound gear shift (main with slave part conversion), its program just has difference to a certain degree, rise to and comprise that the program of disengaging of clutch keeps identical for the first time, but after what and then come is following procedure.When power-transfer clutch still separates, select neutral gear (center position) at preceding case in the reasonable time section.Then, power-transfer clutch engages again, and " throttle reduces " signal is eliminated, and " throttle increase " starts.Detecting when synchronous, " throttle increase " stops, and and then a suitable delay period, the gear engagement of preceding case has just been finished.

Above program all is listed on the diagram of circuit of Figure 10 to 13 with diagram.

The air operated control pipeline that leads to change speed gear box, engine speed, power-transfer clutch and inertia braking mechanical arm is controlled with electronic machine.It also can stop gear change without permission and show present gear shelves and can be used for the gear shelves of gear shift.Whether the input of electronic machine response is: needed shifter bar gear signal, input shaft rotating speed, output shaft rotating speed, throttle threshold position and clutch pedal position (depressing).Electronic machine shown in Figure 9 is to represent with the block scheme form of signal, the actual value of road speed s-f is measured, set up the value of setting of corresponding binary number, they represent the available maximum speed of each gear, promptly, binary number 1 will occur when first grade of maximum speed, and binary number 11 will occur when the 11st grade of available maximum speed.

This real road speed of a motor vehicle binary digit/bit has a binary digit/bit 3 with its addition, and the value of this adding and actual speed binary number are sent in two binary comparators, and another input of comparator is from existing actual-gear.Another input value that enters each comparator is in response to the ingear of depositing, and the gear that preparing the corresponding setting value with each maximum speed binary number provides rotates ratio.The result who does like this can use one " window " of gears when being based upon any one real road speed of a motor vehicle.If " request " gear drops on the outside of this window, so the door that this gear is selected just will be narrated by the back is cancelled (vanishing).For two examples that belong to this situation, when actual speed is zero, have only 1,2 and 3 grade will be available.For example when second grade maximum actual speed, have only the 3rd, 4 and 5 grade to be available.

" existing " (or actual) gear is selected the output of binary digit from two-way 4 digit counters.Upshift request can make counting machine increase and a gear down request will make counting machine reduce.If " request " gear drops on the outside of window, each door in the input is all closed, if because speed is too low can not be done the downward conversion of being asked and make needed selection drop on the outside of window, that not, vehicle with further downward conversion to the top-gear position that can allow.

The gear shift that makes progress each time also can start " throttle reduces " gear shift downwards (TD) and each time also will produce " throttle increase " (" TB ").These phenomenons will exist synchronous up to driving engine and road speed, and it will end each TD or TB then, and select next gear.Also please referring to the fwd program flow diagram.

So, as can be seen, transforming gear does not depend on torque in most preferred embodiment, though it can be inherent factor.They might only depend on beginning and speed finally, and depend on the gear of actual engagement and the speed ratio that may select.

Emphatically point out be and full-automatic actuating device is compared, present this aided device provides control to the driver and has judged, is particularly conducive to when very low speed and front landform and road conditions are very difficult.Except starting from static or manipulation, the driver does not need to use throttle and power-transfer clutch to come the conversion speed ratio.The highest road speed that in control box 38, is easy to realize touring control or limits when throttle when moving for gear shift, what feedback does not almost feel on driver's the pin has.Gear shift is very rapidly; so that in the short time of gear shift; allow gear shift (for example; when upshift, jump two speed ratios) not change of show state; vehicle does not slow down significantly; a misjudgment but allow with complete gear shift after, normal synchromesh or asynchronous mechanical type gear shift do not provide protection to racing of the engine and idling.

Though under the condition that has particularity to a certain degree, optimum implementation of the present invention is described, under the situation that does not break away from design of the presently claimed invention and hold in range, can the present invention is made modification on various forms and the details.

Claims (13)

1, the method for a kind of control semi-automated mechanical transmission gear train assembly (10), this driving system comprises: a hand throttle controller (24); The driving engine of a Throttle Opening Control (14); The variable gear mechanical drive (12) of speed more than one; A master friction clutch (16) that is inserted between driving engine and the driving device; A manual clutch controller (3) that is used as engagement selectively and de-mesh master clutch; A M/C gear shift select lever (1), this bar (1) can be with the central engagement gear than moving to first direction (" liter "), promptly go to select the upshift position, and move, promptly go to select the gear down position from described middle position to second direction (" falling ") from middle position; A central processing unit (38), it is used for accepting incoming signal, this incoming signal indication transmission input shaft (28 and/or 32) and the rotative speed of output shaft (36) and operation of described gear shift select lever, these incoming signals are handled according to predetermined logic rules by described central processing unit (38), send output command signal and give a series of non-manual control operation devices that include clutch operating device (30), Throttle Opening Control mechanical arm (26) and transmission mechanical arm (34), this control method is characterised in that:

The differentiation of described manual shfit select lever operation comprises the moving direction of described bar, and in the predetermined time described bar from the number of described middle position displacement; And supposition is on an assigned direction, select the variation of an additional continuous gear ratio from the described direction operator of repeating to show of the displacement of described gear shift select lever middle position at every turn, determine the pinion ratio that enters than direct gear shift by the engagement that the operator selects from now.

2, the supplementary features of method are in the claim 1:

Handle described incoming signal determining the described driving device engaging gear ratio of now, and determine the allowed gears in mesh ratio of described driving device under detected working condition of vehicle, and

Give an order output signal to cause automatic upshift or low gear, this gear shift is to change to least displacement gear ratio from current engaging gear ratio, current engaging gear is than being on the gear shift direction of selecting 1) the gear ratio selected of operator, or 2) the current gears in mesh gear that compares the maximum displacement that is allowed than in select, described command output cause described driving device from the engaging gear of described now than direct gear shift to described least displacement gear ratio.

3, the supplementary features of claim 1 or 2 method are:

Demonstrate an admissible engaging gear than indication (2 ', 2 ");

4, the supplementary features of claim 1 or 2 method are: show

Show current gears in mesh than (2 " '), and also show admissible engaging gear than (2 ', the indication of 2 ").

5, the method for claim 4, wherein said demonstration comprises:

Provide first display part (2 " ') to be used to refer to current engaging gear ratio;

Provide second display part (2 ') in order to indicate from the maximum number of described current engaging gear than the admissible continuous upshift of counting; And

The 3rd display part is provided, and (2 ") are in order to indicate from the maximum number of described current engaging gear than the admissible continuous gear down of counting.

6, the method of claim 5, wherein said first display part is to insert between the described second and the 3rd display part, described second display part is shifted from described first display part towards described first direction, described the 3rd display part is shifted from described first display part towards described second direction, described first provides a numeric display, the described second and the 3rd display part provides one zero, one, two, or three symbol shows, these symbols are respectively zero corresponding to admissible continuous gear change on given direction respectively, one, two, or three maxim.

7, claim 1,2 or 4 method, wherein said central processing unit also receive the input (30) and additional the comprising of a described master clutch operation of indication:

Sensing vehicle parking situation from the predetermined car speed; And,

After this, the moving and manually unclamp on the ingear basis of master clutch of gear down direction single, make described driving device automatically shift into the highest admissible starting gear ratio at perception gear shift select lever.

8, claim 1,2 or 4 method, wherein have only when described driving device gear shift described central processing unit just automatically to operate master clutch, and described manual clutch controller will make described non-M/C control invalid, to cause described master clutch to present to a certain degree the engagement of going, and this kind goes mesh degree greater than the mesh degree that goes with described central processing unit setting.

9, a kind of method of controlling the semi-automated mechanical transmission gear train assembly, this system comprises: individual one by one manually operated accel control; A driving engine that is subjected to Throttle Opening Control; Fast variable gear mechanical drive more than one; A master friction clutch that is inserted between driving engine and the driving device; One is used for optionally master clutch being meshed and go ingear manual clutch controller; A manually-operated gear shift select lever, it can move from middle position toward first direction from the engaging gear ratio of now, to select upshift and to move from described middle position toward second direction to select gear down, a central processing unit is in order to receive indication transmission input shaft and output shaft rotative speed, the incoming signal of the operation of the operation of described master clutch and described gear shift select lever, and give an order according to predetermined logic rules and output signal to non-manual control operation device in order to handle above-mentioned signal, comprising a clutch operating device, an accel control mechanical arm and a driving system mechanical arm, the feature of this control method is:

The sensing operation of described manual shfit select lever comprises: the moving direction of described bar and in a predetermined time cycle, described bar is from the displacement number of described middle position.

Parking situation from the above sensing vehicle of a predetermined car speed; And,

Subsequently,, and master clutch is unclamped on the ingear basis, make driving device automatically shift into the highest admissible starting gear ratio perception gear shift select lever the moving of single on the gear down direction.

10, a control telltale (2) that is used for the change gear transmission device is characterized in that:

First (2 " '), be used for showing the information that characterizes current engaging gear ratio;

Second display part (2 ') is used for showing the highest information that allows the engaging gear ratio of sign; With,

(2 ") are used for showing that characterizing minimum current engaging gear compares information in the 3rd display part.

11, the control telltale of claim 10, wherein said first shows the alpha numeric corresponding to current engaging gear specific rate number, the described second display part displaying symbol zero, one, two or three, these symbols are pointed out to be respectively zero, one, two or three from current engaging gear compared with the number of the admissible continuous upshift of maximum, and described the 3rd display part displaying symbol zero,, two or three, these symbols point out from current engaging gear compared with, continuously the number of gear down respectively does for oneself zero, one, two or three.

12, claim 10 or 11 control telltale, wherein said driving device is a semi automatic machine driving device, described controller is to be loaded in the shell, described shell also is equipped with one manually operates the switch of gear shift selector, this switch is partial to middle position and can moves up in first party remove to select upshift with the engaging gear ratio since now usually, can on second opposite sense, move again, remove to select gear down with engaging gear ratio since now, described first display part is between the described second and the 3rd display part, described second display part is shifted towards described first direction from above-mentioned first display part, and described the 3rd display part is shifted towards described second direction from described first display part.

13, the supplementary features of claim 1,2,5 or 9 method are:

Differentiate or calculate the incoming signal of the current rotating speed of expression driving engine;

With current engine speed incoming signal and the reference signal that allows engine speed corresponding to previously selected I relatively;

If current engine speed incoming signal, then responds the once motion of gear shift select lever to the low gear direction less than the reference engine speed signal, described driving device is shifted into the minimum engaging gear ratio of permission.

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