JPH0345884B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0345884B2 JPH0345884B2 JP59183759A JP18375984A JPH0345884B2 JP H0345884 B2 JPH0345884 B2 JP H0345884B2 JP 59183759 A JP59183759 A JP 59183759A JP 18375984 A JP18375984 A JP 18375984A JP H0345884 B2 JPH0345884 B2 JP H0345884B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- magnet
- powder
- sintering
- sintered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000858 La alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000583 Nd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明はNd2Fe14B系合金磁石で代表される希
土類金属（Ｒ）と遷移金属（Ｔ）とからなる
R2T14B系金属間化合物磁石の製造方法、特に
Nd、Fe、Ｂを主成分とする永久磁石の粉末冶金
法よる製造方法に関する。
〔従来技術〕
一般にＲ、Fe、Ｂ系磁石の製造方法について
は２つの方法に大別される。ひとつは溶解してい
るＲ、Fe、Ｂ系合金を急冷した後、時効して粉
砕した磁石粉末を磁場中で配向して製造する方法
であり、これによつて所謂高分子複合型磁石が得
られる。一方はＲ、Fe、Ｂ系磁石合金を溶解し
てインゴツトを作り、このインゴツトを微粉砕し
た後、磁場中で成形し、焼結して製造する方法で
あり、これによつて焼結型磁石が得られる。な
お、粉末冶金法によつて製造されるＲ、Fe、Ｂ
系の焼結型磁石に関しては特開昭59−46008に記
載されている。
Ｒ、Fe、Ｂ系磁石の粉末冶金法による製造工
程は溶解、粉砕、磁場中配向、圧縮成形、焼結、
時効の順に進められる。Ｒ、Fe、Ｂ系磁石合金
の溶解は真空あるいは不活性雰囲気中で、アーク
又は高周波加熱によつて行われる。粉砕は粗粉砕
と微粉砕に分けられ、粗粉砕はジヨークラツシヤ
ー、鉄乳鉢やロールミル等で行われる。微粉砕は
ボールミル、振動ミル、ジエツトミル等で行われ
る。磁場中配向及び圧縮成形は金型を用いて磁場
中で同時に行われる。焼結は不活性雰囲気中で、
温度1000〜1150℃の範囲で行われる。また時効は
必要に応じて温度300〜900℃程度の温度で行われ
る。
一般に焼結型磁石では焼結温度を低下させる方
向にもつていくことにより減磁特性の角形性及び
保磁力（Hc）が向上する。またＲ、Fe、Ｂ系合
金は非常に反応性に富んでおり、微粉末状態での
取り扱い及び成形体の焼結過程での酸化などによ
つて、焼結性の低下、磁気特性の低下及びバラツ
キを生ずる原因となる。従来、焼結型磁石の特性
向上のため前述のように、焼結はヘリウム、アル
ゴンなどの不活性雰囲気中で行われ、さらに不純
ガスの影響を軽減するために、粉末成形体の外部
にゲツターを設置して焼結する場合もあるが、
Ｒ、Fe、Ｂ系合金においては磁石特性上の顕著
な効果をもたらすに至つていない。
〔発明の目的〕
本発明の目的はＲ、Fe、Ｂ系磁石合金を用い
て、磁石特性上の顕著な効果をもたらす希土類磁
石を製造することのできる希土類磁石の製造方法
を提供することである。
〔発明の構成〕
本発明ではNd2Fe14Bを主生成相とするNd、
Fe、Ｂ系合金粉末にこの合金よりも融点が低く
かつ酸化作用の大きいLa、Fe、Ｂ系合金の微粉
末を混合して成形した後この成形体を焼結する。
化学的に活性で低融点なLa、Fe、Ｂ系合金微
粉末がNd、Fe、Ｂ系合金微粉末中に分散された
成形体中では、焼結過程で磁気特性の高いNd合
金よりもLa合金の酸化が選択的に行われ、結晶
粒界の整つた磁石特性の高い焼結体となる。
〔発明の実施例〕
(i) 実施例 １
高純度のNd、La、Fe、Ｂを使用して、アルゴ
ン雰囲気中において高周波加熱によつて、Nd15.5
Fe78B6.5及びLa15.5Fe78B6.5の組成比を有する
R2Fe14Bを主生成相とするインゴツトをそれぞれ
得た。これらNd合金及びLa合金をそれぞれ粗粉
砕して、La合金粉末をNd合金粉末に対して５重
量パーセント混合した後、ボールミルを用いて平
均粒径3μｍに湿式粉砕した。次にこの微粉末を
10KOeの磁界中において1ton／cm2の圧力で成形
した。さらにこの圧粉体を温度1060℃で１時間真
空中で加熱し、次に同じ温度で１時間アルゴンガ
ス雰囲気中に保持した。その後100℃／時間以下
の冷却速度で除冷した。
上述のようにして製造されたLa合金粉末を５
重量パーセントを含む希土類磁石と従来の希土類
磁石の特性を表に示す。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention consists of a rare earth metal (R) represented by a Nd 2 Fe 14 B alloy magnet and a transition metal (T).
R 2 T 14 B-based intermetallic compound magnet manufacturing method, especially
This invention relates to a method for manufacturing permanent magnets containing Nd, Fe, and B as main components by powder metallurgy. [Prior Art] In general, methods for manufacturing R, Fe, and B magnets can be roughly divided into two methods. One method is to rapidly cool a molten R, Fe, and B-based alloy, then age and then pulverize the magnet powder, orienting it in a magnetic field. Through this method, a so-called polymer composite magnet can be obtained. It will be done. One is a method in which an ingot is made by melting an R, Fe, and B-based magnetic alloy, and this ingot is finely pulverized, then molded in a magnetic field, and sintered to produce a sintered magnet. is obtained. In addition, R, Fe, B manufactured by powder metallurgy method
The sintered type magnet of this type is described in JP-A-59-46008. The manufacturing process of R, Fe, and B magnets using powder metallurgy includes melting, crushing, orientation in a magnetic field, compression molding, sintering,
They proceed in the order of the statute of limitations. The R, Fe, B based magnetic alloy is melted in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere by arc or high frequency heating. Grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, and coarse grinding is performed using a geo crusher, an iron mortar, a roll mill, etc. Fine pulverization is performed using a ball mill, vibration mill, jet mill, etc. Orientation in a magnetic field and compression molding are performed simultaneously in a magnetic field using a mold. Sintering is done in an inert atmosphere.
It is carried out at a temperature range of 1000-1150℃. Further, aging is carried out at a temperature of about 300 to 900°C, if necessary. Generally, in a sintered magnet, the squareness and coercive force (H c ) of the demagnetization characteristics are improved by lowering the sintering temperature. In addition, R, Fe, and B-based alloys are highly reactive, and if handled in a fine powder state or oxidized during the sintering process of compacts, sinterability may deteriorate, magnetic properties may deteriorate, etc. This causes variation. Conventionally, in order to improve the characteristics of sintered magnets, sintering was performed in an inert atmosphere such as helium or argon, and in order to further reduce the effects of impurity gases, getter was added to the outside of the powder compact. In some cases, it is installed and sintered,
R, Fe, and B-based alloys have not brought about significant effects on magnetic properties. [Object of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a rare earth magnet that can produce a rare earth magnet that has a remarkable effect on magnetic properties by using an R, Fe, B-based magnet alloy. . [Structure of the invention] In the present invention, Nd whose main phase is Nd 2 Fe 14 B,
Fe, B alloy powder is mixed with fine powder of La, Fe, B alloy, which has a lower melting point and greater oxidizing action than this alloy, is molded, and then the molded body is sintered. In a compact in which chemically active, low-melting-point La, Fe, and B-based alloy fine powder is dispersed in Nd, Fe, and B-based alloy fine powder, during the sintering process La The alloy is selectively oxidized, resulting in a sintered body with well-organized grain boundaries and high magnetic properties. [Embodiments of the Invention] (i) Example 1 Using high-purity Nd, La, Fe, and B, Nd 15.5
It has a composition ratio of Fe 78 B 6.5 and La 15.5 Fe 78 B 6.5 .
Ingots containing R 2 Fe 14 B as the main phase were obtained. These Nd alloy and La alloy were each coarsely ground, the La alloy powder was mixed with 5 weight percent of the Nd alloy powder, and the mixture was wet ground using a ball mill to an average particle size of 3 μm. Next, add this fine powder
Molding was carried out at a pressure of 1 ton/cm 2 in a magnetic field of 10 KOe. Further, this green compact was heated in vacuum at a temperature of 1060° C. for 1 hour, and then kept in an argon gas atmosphere at the same temperature for 1 hour. Thereafter, it was slowly cooled at a cooling rate of 100° C./hour or less. The La alloy powder produced as described above was
The properties of rare earth magnets and conventional rare earth magnets, including weight percentages, are shown in the table.
本発明を以上詳しく説明したが、Nd・Fe・Ｂ
を主成分とするNd2Fe14B系磁石合金を粉末冶金
法によつて製造する方法において、Nd・Fe・Ｂ
系合金粉末に対し、La2Fe14Bを主生成相とする
La・Fe・Ｂ系磁石合金粉末を０〜10重量％（０
を含まず）混合した成形体を焼結する方法により
著しく優れた磁石材料が得られる。
Although the present invention has been explained in detail above, Nd・Fe・B
In the method of manufacturing a Nd 2 Fe 14 B based magnetic alloy mainly composed of Nd, Fe, B
La 2 Fe 14 B is the main phase of the alloy powder.
La, Fe, B based magnet alloy powder from 0 to 10% by weight (0
A significantly superior magnetic material can be obtained by sintering a mixed molded body (without containing any of the above).
第１図ａ乃至ｃはそれぞれNd15.5Fe78B6.5の組
成合金粉末にLa15.5Fe78B6.5の組成合金粉末を０
〜11重量パーセント混合して得られた希土類磁石
をLa15.5Fe78B6.5の組成合金粉末の混合比と最大
エネルギー積、残留磁束密度及び保磁力との関係
で示した図である。
Figures 1a to 1c show an alloy powder with a composition of Nd 15.5 Fe 78 B 6.5 and an alloy powder with a composition of La 15.5 Fe 78 B 6.5 .
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of the alloy powder having a composition of La 15.5 Fe 78 B 6.5 , the maximum energy product, the residual magnetic flux density, and the coercive force of a rare earth magnet obtained by mixing ~11% by weight.
Claims (1)
石合金を粉末冶金法によつて製造する方法におい
て、Nd、Fe、Ｂ系磁石合金粉末に対して
La2Fe14Bを主生成相とするLa、Fe、Ｂ系磁石合
金粉末を０乃至10重量パーセント（０を含まず）
混合した成形体を焼結することを特徴とする希土
類磁石の製造方法。1. In a method for producing a Nd 2 Fe 14 B magnet alloy containing Nd, Fe, and B as main components by a powder metallurgy method, for Nd, Fe, and B magnet alloy powder,
0 to 10% by weight of La, Fe, B-based magnetic alloy powder with La 2 Fe 14 B as the main phase (excluding 0)
A method for producing a rare earth magnet, characterized by sintering a mixed compact.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59183759A JPS6181605A (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1984-09-04 | Preparation of rare earth magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59183759A JPS6181605A (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1984-09-04 | Preparation of rare earth magnet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6181605A JPS6181605A (en) | 1986-04-25 |
| JPH0345884B2 true JPH0345884B2 (en) | 1991-07-12 |
Family
ID=16141476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59183759A Granted JPS6181605A (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1984-09-04 | Preparation of rare earth magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6181605A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6187825A (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-05-06 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Manufacture of permanent magnet material |
| JPS6231102A (en) * | 1985-08-01 | 1987-02-10 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Sintered permanent magnet |
| US4981513A (en) * | 1987-05-11 | 1991-01-01 | Union Oil Company Of California | Mixed particulate composition for preparing rare earth-iron-boron sintered magnets |
| US5015304A (en) * | 1987-05-11 | 1991-05-14 | Union Oil Company Of California | Rare earth-iron-boron sintered magnets |
| US5015306A (en) * | 1987-05-11 | 1991-05-14 | Union Oil Company Of California | Method for preparing rare earth-iron-boron sintered magnets |
| JPH07106110A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-21 | Yasunori Takahashi | Powder composition for manufacturing bond magnet, and magnetic anisotropic permanent magnet, and manufacture of magnetic anisotropic permanent magnet |
| CN103714939B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-05-25 | 钢铁研究总院 | Two Hard Magnetic principal phase magnets of La-Fe base and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59132104A (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-07-30 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | Permanent magnet |
-
1984
- 1984-09-04 JP JP59183759A patent/JPS6181605A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59132104A (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-07-30 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | Permanent magnet |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6181605A (en) | 1986-04-25 |
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