JPH0345505B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0345505B2 JPH0345505B2 JP53101527A JP10152778A JPH0345505B2 JP H0345505 B2 JPH0345505 B2 JP H0345505B2 JP 53101527 A JP53101527 A JP 53101527A JP 10152778 A JP10152778 A JP 10152778A JP H0345505 B2 JPH0345505 B2 JP H0345505B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lamp
- lamps
- fluorescent
- radiation
- fluorescent material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910020068 MgAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 europium activated strontium tetraborate Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910005191 Ga 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000873 Beta-alumina solid electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004110 Zinc silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWNJSHGUJYCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ce].[Sr] Chemical compound [Ce].[Sr] ISWNJSHGUJYCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LLZSVROMHYWFGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+) trioxido(trioxidosilyloxy)silane Chemical class [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] LLZSVROMHYWFGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWPPACBAJPVKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(3+);borate Chemical class [Gd+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] YWPPACBAJPVKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc silicate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019352 zinc silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/38—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light
- H01J61/42—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by transforming the wavelength of the light by luminescence
- H01J61/44—Devices characterised by the luminescent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7774—Aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/66—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing germanium, tin or lead
- C09K11/666—Aluminates; Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7728—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing europium
- C09K11/7737—Phosphates
- C09K11/7738—Phosphates with alkaline earth metals
- C09K11/7739—Phosphates with alkaline earth metals with halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7728—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing europium
- C09K11/774—Borates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/778—Borates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7783—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals one of which being europium
- C09K11/7784—Chalcogenides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NLAANVRAGE7709263,A NL181470C (nl) | 1977-08-23 | 1977-08-23 | Lagedrukkwikdampontladingslamp. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5442874A JPS5442874A (en) | 1979-04-05 |
| JPH0345505B2 true JPH0345505B2 (enrdf_load_html_response) | 1991-07-11 |
Family
ID=19829052
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10152778A Granted JPS5442874A (en) | 1977-08-23 | 1978-08-22 | Low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp |
| JP62247778A Pending JPS63102154A (ja) | 1977-08-23 | 1987-09-30 | 低圧水銀蒸気放電ランプ |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62247778A Pending JPS63102154A (ja) | 1977-08-23 | 1987-09-30 | 低圧水銀蒸気放電ランプ |
Country Status (17)
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL181470C (nl) * | 1977-08-23 | 1987-08-17 | Philips Nv | Lagedrukkwikdampontladingslamp. |
| NL185479C (nl) * | 1979-04-03 | 1990-04-17 | Philips Nv | Lagedrukgasontladingslamp. |
| NL7905162A (nl) * | 1979-07-03 | 1981-01-06 | Philips Nv | Lagedrukkwikdampontladingslamp. |
| NL184712C (nl) * | 1979-07-03 | 1989-10-02 | Philips Nv | Lagedrukkwikdampontladingslamp. |
| NL7905680A (nl) * | 1979-07-23 | 1981-01-27 | Philips Nv | Luminescerend scherm. |
| US4357559A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1982-11-02 | General Electric Company | Fluorescent lamp utilizing phosphor combination |
| JPH0452930Y2 (enrdf_load_html_response) * | 1984-10-17 | 1992-12-11 | ||
| SE457033B (sv) * | 1985-05-23 | 1988-11-21 | Lumalampan Ab | Kompaktlysroer |
| JPH0455407Y2 (enrdf_load_html_response) * | 1986-12-18 | 1992-12-25 | ||
| JP3171438B2 (ja) * | 1988-12-26 | 2001-05-28 | 株式会社東芝 | 蛍光体及び蛍光ランプ |
| DE4408626C2 (de) * | 1993-07-23 | 1996-08-01 | Prolux Maschinenbau Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Leuchtstoffen für Niederdruckquecksilberdampf-Entladungslampen |
| EP1394864B1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2016-08-03 | Nichia Corporation | Light emitting device |
| DE10152217A1 (de) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-04-30 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Leuchtstoffzusammensetzung für Niederdruckentladungslampen |
| JP5084386B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-20 | 2012-11-28 | 株式会社東通研 | 紫外線硬化インキの硬化方法 |
| FR3159479A1 (fr) | 2024-02-16 | 2025-08-22 | Stellantis Auto Sas | Machine electrique avec stator comprenant des perçages axiaux pour fluide de refroidissement |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2084100A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) * | 1970-03-03 | 1971-12-17 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | |
| US3679928A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1972-07-25 | Gen Electric | High intensity far u.v. radiation source |
| US3778662A (en) * | 1972-10-31 | 1973-12-11 | Gen Electric | High intensity fluorescent lamp radiating ionic radiation within the range of 1,600{14 2,300 a.u. |
| NL160869C (nl) * | 1972-11-03 | Philips Nv | Luminescerend scherm, alsmede ontladingslamp en katho- de straalbuis, voorzien van een dergelijk scherm. | |
| NL7214860A (enrdf_load_html_response) * | 1972-11-03 | 1974-05-07 | ||
| NL7216765A (enrdf_load_html_response) * | 1972-12-09 | 1974-06-11 | ||
| NL164697C (nl) * | 1973-10-05 | 1981-01-15 | Philips Nv | Lagedrukkwikdampontladingslamp. |
| NL165605C (nl) * | 1974-03-15 | 1981-04-15 | Philips Nv | Electrische gasontladingslamp. |
| NL181470C (nl) * | 1977-08-23 | 1987-08-17 | Philips Nv | Lagedrukkwikdampontladingslamp. |
-
1977
- 1977-08-23 NL NLAANVRAGE7709263,A patent/NL181470C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1978
- 1978-08-10 IN IN877/CAL/78A patent/IN150540B/en unknown
- 1978-08-14 DE DE2835575A patent/DE2835575C2/de not_active Expired
- 1978-08-18 GB GB7833805A patent/GB2003315B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-08-18 FR FR7824104A patent/FR2401518A1/fr active Granted
- 1978-08-21 BR BR7805401A patent/BR7805401A/pt unknown
- 1978-08-21 ES ES472723A patent/ES472723A1/es not_active Expired
- 1978-08-21 IT IT26902/78A patent/IT1100876B/it active
- 1978-08-21 HU HU78PI637A patent/HU181471B/hu unknown
- 1978-08-21 AU AU39121/78A patent/AU523847B2/en not_active Revoked
- 1978-08-21 CH CH882778A patent/CH643088A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-08-21 BE BE189998A patent/BE869878A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-08-22 AT AT610178A patent/AT360118B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-08-22 DD DD20741378A patent/DD138387B5/de active IP Right Review Request
- 1978-08-22 JP JP10152778A patent/JPS5442874A/ja active Granted
- 1978-08-23 MX MX174622A patent/MX147423A/es unknown
- 1978-08-23 AR AR273393A patent/AR222805A1/es active
-
1987
- 1987-09-30 JP JP62247778A patent/JPS63102154A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA610178A (de) | 1980-05-15 |
| FR2401518A1 (fr) | 1979-03-23 |
| DD138387A5 (de) | 1979-10-24 |
| AT360118B (de) | 1980-12-29 |
| FR2401518B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) | 1983-04-29 |
| GB2003315B (en) | 1982-03-10 |
| AU523847B2 (en) | 1982-08-19 |
| BR7805401A (pt) | 1979-04-17 |
| DE2835575C2 (de) | 1984-08-09 |
| NL181470C (nl) | 1987-08-17 |
| DD138387B5 (de) | 1994-07-14 |
| JPS63102154A (ja) | 1988-05-07 |
| NL7709263A (nl) | 1979-02-27 |
| GB2003315A (en) | 1979-03-07 |
| IT1100876B (it) | 1985-09-28 |
| BE869878A (fr) | 1979-02-21 |
| AU3912178A (en) | 1980-02-28 |
| HU181471B (en) | 1983-07-28 |
| IN150540B (enrdf_load_html_response) | 1982-11-13 |
| ES472723A1 (es) | 1979-02-16 |
| CH643088A5 (de) | 1984-05-15 |
| AR222805A1 (es) | 1981-06-30 |
| NL181470B (nl) | 1987-03-16 |
| IT7826902A0 (it) | 1978-08-21 |
| DE2835575A1 (de) | 1979-03-01 |
| MX147423A (es) | 1982-12-02 |
| JPS5442874A (en) | 1979-04-05 |
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