JPH0332519A - Electrolytic finishing process - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate work chips in a gap securely by supplying a jet of clean electrolyte to the gap from a hole provided in at least either of an electrode and a work with relation to an enlarging action to the gap, and supplying a jet of clean electrolyte from a nozzle to the gap with relation to the electrolyte jet supply action from the hole. CONSTITUTION:A jet current of clean electrolyte is supplied from a hole 19 provided in an electrode 2 to a gap 15 between an electrode 2 and a work 4 synchronously with the up motion of the electrode 2 after supply of work pulses. In addition, a jet current of clean electrolyte is supplied from a nozzle 16 disposed directing the gap 15 to the gap 15 synchronously with the jet current supply action from the hole 19, thereby work chips, etc., in the gap 15 are discharged outside the gap 15.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an electrolytic finishing method for finishing a workpiece processed into a three-dimensional shape or the like by electrolytic action.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a workpiece and an electrode having an electrode surface that follows the machining surface of the workpiece are placed opposite each other with a predetermined gap in a stationary electrolytic solution, and a machining pulse is supplied between the electrodes. An electrolytic finishing method for electrolytically finishing a workpiece is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 196321/1983.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in this electrolytic finishing method, a jet of clean electrolyte is applied to the gap from a nozzle arranged so as to be directed toward the gap in synchronization with the rising movement of the electrode. However, for example, when the workpiece has a complex three-dimensional shape and the machining area is large,
The flow rate of the jet stream from the nozzle may cause parts where machining debris is not removed, or empty spaces on convex parts of the workpiece cannot be completely removed, making it impossible to process these parts. There was a problem in that it was difficult to obtain a highly accurate surface quality such as a glossy surface stably.

Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide electrolytic finishing that can reliably eliminate machining debris in the gaps and stably obtain high-precision surface quality such as a glossy surface, even for workpieces with three-dimensional shapes. It lies in realizing the processing method.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve this object, the first invention of this application includes a workpiece and an electrode having an electrode surface that follows the machined surface of the workpiece in a stationary electrolyte solution. In an apparatus for electrolytically finishing a workpiece by supplying a machining pulse between the poles of the poles, which are arranged opposite to each other with a predetermined gap, the step of expanding the gap after supplying the machining pulse, and the step of expanding the gap in conjunction with the operation of expanding the gap. , a step of supplying a jet of clean electrolyte to the gap from a hole provided in at least one of the electrode or the workpiece; The method is characterized by comprising a step of supplying a jet of clean electrolyte to the gap from a disposed nozzle.

Further, the second invention provides a method in which a workpiece and an electrode having an electrode surface patterned after the machining surface of the workpiece are placed opposite each other at a predetermined gap in a stationary electrolytic solution, and a machining pulse is supplied between the electrodes. In a device that performs electrolytic finishing on a workpiece, the step of enlarging the gap after supplying a processing pulse, and in conjunction with the gap enlarging operation, injecting clean electrolyte into the gap from a nozzle arranged so as to be directed toward the gap. The method includes the steps of supplying a jet of liquid, and sucking the electrolyte in the gap from a hole provided in at least one of the electrode or the work in conjunction with the operation of supplying the jet of electrolyte from the nozzle. It is characterized by

[Function] According to the configuration of the first invention of this application, clean electrolyte is injected into the gap between the electrode and the workpiece from, for example, a hole provided in the electrode in synchronization with the rising movement of the electrode after supplying the machining pulse. In addition to supplying a jet stream, in synchronization with the jet stream supply operation by this hole, a jet stream of clean electrolytic solution is supplied to the gap from a nozzle arranged so as to be directed toward the gap, and machining debris, etc. in the gap is removed from the gap. exclude outside.

Further, according to the configuration of the second invention, a jet of clean electrolyte is supplied from the nozzle to the gap in synchronization with, for example, the rising operation of the electrode, and a jet of clean electrolyte is supplied to the gap, for example, in synchronization with the jet supply operation by this nozzle. Machining waste, etc. in the gap is sucked through the provided hole and discharged to the outside of the gap.

[Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of each invention of this application will be described in detail and specifically with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an electrolytic finishing apparatus capable of implementing each invention. In the figure, an electrolytic finishing processing apparatus 1 includes an electrode fixing device 3 that fixes an electrode 2, a work fixing device 5 that fixes a workpiece 4, a drive conversion unit 7 that converts the rotational motion of a motor 6 into vertical motion, and a machining process between machining holes. A power supply device 8 that supplies pulses, a control device 12 consisting of a head drive control section 9, a processing condition control section 10, an electrolyte flow control section 11, etc., a human power device 13 that manually inputs various data etc. to the workpiece 4, and an electrolyte solution. It consists of an electrolyte filtration device 14 for filtering the electrolyte, one or more nozzles 16 arranged so as to face the gap 15 between the electrode 2 and the workpiece 4, a processing tank 17, and the like.

The electrode fixing device 3 has an electrode 2 made of, for example, pure copper or graphite attached to the lower end of a rod 18 provided at the bottom of the device 3, with a gap 15 such that the electrode surface 2a and the processed surface 4a of the workpiece 4 are spaced in a three-dimensional direction. Fix it to keep it. This electrode fixing device 3 is moved up and down by rotation of the motor 6 based on a control signal from the head drive control section 9, and sets a predetermined gap 15 between the electrode surface 2a and the processing surface 4a. Note that the electrode 2 and the rod 18 are provided with a hole 19 for supplying or suctioning a jet of electrolytic solution, one end of which opens into the gap 15 .

The workpiece fixing device 5 is a table made of highly insulating granite or ceramics, and a workpiece 4 subjected to die-sinking electrical discharge machining, for example, is fixed to the upper surface of the table using a setting jig (not shown) or the like.

The power supply device 8 is composed of a DC power supply section 20 and a charge/discharge section 21, and receives predetermined machining pulses from a plurality of capacitors (not shown) of the charge/discharge section 21 in response to a control signal from the processing condition control section 10. It is supplied between the electrode 2 and the workpiece 4. The input device 13 also inputs various data related to the workpiece 4 such as the machining area S, finishing machining margin, and various machining times.
Input processing conditions such as initial electrode gap.

The electrolyte filtration device 14 includes, for example, as shown in FIG.
A dirty tank 22 that stores the contaminated electrolyte from the processing tank 17, a pump 23 that pumps up the electrolyte from the dirty tank 22, and a filter 24 that filters the electrolyte pumped up by the pump 23 and supplies it to the clean tank 25. , a pump 26 that pumps up the electrolyte from the clean tank 25
Then, the electrolyte pumped up by this bong 126 is transferred to the nozzle 1.
6 and the solenoid valves 27 and 28 that supply the hole 19.

Note that the solenoid valves 27, 28 and pumps 23, 26 are
Each is controlled by the electrolyte flow control section 11.

Next, an embodiment of the electrolytic finishing method of the first invention of this application will be described based on the timing chart I in FIG.

A predetermined processing pulse, for example, a single pulse (or multiple pulses) is applied from the power supply device 8 between the electrode 2 and the workpiece 4.
A machining pulse is supplied, and at the same time as this machining pulse is turned off (
or after a predetermined time), the electrode 2 is raised and the electromagnetic valve 28 is activated to supply a jet of clean electrolyte pumped up by the bong 126 from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 into the enlarged gap 15. , and removes machining debris and the like within the gap 15 to the outside of the gap 15. This jet of electrolyte stops at the same time as the electrode 2 is reset to its initial position (or after a predetermined period of time).

Then, the next machining pulse is supplied, and when it is turned off, the electrode 2 is raised and the solenoid valve 27 is activated (the solenoid valve 28 is not activated), so that a jet of clean electrolyte pumped up by the pump 26 is generated. , for example, from a plurality of nozzles 16 disposed so as to be directed toward the gap 15, to the enlarged gap 15, and remove machining waste and the like within the gap 15 to the outside of the gap 15. This jet stream also stops at the same time as the electrode 2 is set to its initial position. These series of operations are then repeated a predetermined number of times to complete the finishing process.

As described above, in this embodiment, the jet flow of electrolyte from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 and the jet of electrolyte from the nozzle 16 are performed in one machining cycle (a series of machining pulses supplied - times). The machining operation is performed alternately for each machining operation, and the supply direction and flow velocity of the jet stream can be changed. Therefore, if the nozzle 16 is placed at an appropriate position depending on the shape of the workpiece 4, blind spots that are not removed by the jet stream can be eliminated. At the same time, it is also possible to eliminate air pockets in the convex portions of the workpiece 4, thereby eliminating the impossibility of machining due to air pockets. Therefore, even if, for example, the workpiece 4 has a complex three-dimensional shape formed in the shape of a concave hole and has a large machining area, it is possible to reliably remove machining debris and air pockets generated in the gap from outside the gap. Highly accurate surface quality such as a glossy surface can be stably obtained.

In addition, in this embodiment, the jet flow is supplied from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 a predetermined number of times, and then the jet flow is supplied from the nozzle 16 a predetermined number of times, or the number of times is varied. The number of times of supply can be set appropriately.

4 and 5 are timing charts showing other embodiments of the first invention, and FIG. 4 shows the jet supply of electrolyte from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 and the nozzle during one cycle of machining. 1
The jet flow supply according to No. 6 is also performed.

That is, at the same time as the machining pulse is turned off, the electrode 2 is raised and a jet of electrolyte is supplied from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 to the gap 15, and approximately at the same time as the supply of this jet is stopped, the nozzle 16 is
A jet stream is supplied from the In this embodiment as well, the same effects as described above can be obtained, and the number of times the jet stream is supplied to the gap is increased, so that the effect of removing machining debris etc. can be further enhanced.

FIG. 5 also shows that the hole 1 of the electrode 2 is
9 and the nozzle 16. In this case, when the electrode 2 is raised and lowered, the jet of electrolyte is supplied from the nozzle 16,
While the electrode 2 is stopped at the upper end position, a jet of electrolyte is supplied from the hole 19 of the electrode 2.

It is clear that even with this configuration, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

In each of the above embodiments, the timing of supplying a jet of electrolyte from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 and the timing of supplying a jet of electrolyte from the nozzle 16 may be completely reversed, or the timing of supplying a jet of electrolyte from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 may be completely reversed.
The jet flow supply by the nozzle 16 and the jet flow supply by the nozzle 16 may be performed partially simultaneously, or the timings of each embodiment may be combined as appropriate.

Next, the second invention of this application will be explained based on FIGS. 6 to 9.

FIG. 6 shows the electrolyte filtration device 14, and the same parts as in FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals for explanation. The feature of this electrolyte filtering device 14 is that the electrolyte in the gap 15 is sucked and discharged from the hole 19 of the electrode 2.

That is, the suction port of the ejector 30, which is activated by the supply of electrolyte, is connected to the hole 19 of the electrode 2, and the input port of the ejector 30 is connected to the output side of the electromagnetic valve 27, and the output port of the ejector 30 is connected to the dirty Connect to tank 22.

With this configuration, as shown in the timing chart of FIG. 7, the electrolyte jet is supplied from the nozzle 16 to the gap 15 by the operation of the electromagnetic valve 27 in synchronization with the upward movement of the electrode 2. Simultaneously with the jet supply, the electrolyte is supplied to the ejector 30, and its suction action causes
The electrolyte in the gap 15 is sucked through the hole 19 of the electrode 2 and discharged into the dirty tank 22. As a result, it is possible to increase the flow velocity of the jet flow in the gap 15, and it is possible to efficiently discharge machining debris, etc., in the gap 15, and to direct the machining debris, etc. from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 instead of outside the gap 15. dirty tank 2
2, the cleanliness of the electrolyte in the processing tank 17 can be improved.

FIG. 8.9 shows another embodiment of the second invention, and this embodiment is characterized by a dedicated solenoid valve 3 for the manual port of the ejector 30.
At the same time, an air source 32 is connected to this solenoid valve 31, and the jet flow is supplied by the nozzle 16 and the hole 19 of the electrode 2 is connected.
The point is that the suction from the air is a separate operation. That is, as shown in the timing chart of FIG. 9, the solenoid valve 27 is operated simultaneously with the rise of the electrode 2 to supply a jet of electrolyte to the gap 15 through the nozzle 16, and the solenoid valve 31 is activated simultaneously with the stop of this jet. Operate to supply air to the ejector 30,
By operating the ejector 30 and its suction action,
The electrolyte in the gap 15 is sucked through the hole 19 of the electrode 2 and discharged into the dirty tank 22. It is clear that the same effects as described above can be obtained in this embodiment as well.

In this embodiment, while the jet flow is being supplied by the nozzle 16, the ejector 30 is operated to start suction after a predetermined time delay from the start of the jet flow supply, or the ejector 30 is activated after a predetermined time after the jet flow supply by the nozzle 16 has stopped. The suction operation from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 may be stopped by stopping the operation. Furthermore, suction of the electrolyte from the hole 19 of the electrode 2 is not limited to the ejector 30, and any suitable suction device may be used.

In each of the embodiments of the first and second inventions, the electrode 2 is provided with a hole 19 for supplying or suctioning a jet of electrolyte, but the inventions of this application are not limited to this in any way;
As shown by dotted lines in FIG. 6, holes 33 may be provided in the workpiece, or holes may be provided in both the electrode and the workpiece. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the gap is enlarged by raising the electrode, but the gap can also be enlarged by lowering the workpiece or moving the electrode and the workpiece relative to each other.

[Effects of the Invention] Each of the inventions of this application is configured as described above, and therefore produces the following effects.

(First invention) ■ It is possible to change the direction, flow velocity, etc. of the jet flow supplied to the gap during machining, reliably eliminate machining debris, air pockets, etc. in the gap, and process the entire machining surface of the workpiece. Conditions can be made uniform, and highly accurate surface quality such as a glossy surface can be stably obtained.

■ Even if the workpiece has a complex three-dimensional shape and the machining area is large, a highly accurate finished surface can be easily obtained.

(Second invention) ■ Processing debris in the gap is reliably expelled to the outside of the gap by jet flow supply from the nozzle and suction operation from the hole of the electrode, etc.
It is possible to stably obtain high-precision surface quality such as a glossy surface.

■ Since machining debris in the gap is discharged outside the machining tank through holes such as electrodes, the cleanliness of the electrolyte in the machining tank can be improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an electrolytic finishing device capable of implementing each invention of this application, Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an electrolyte filtration device of the first invention, and Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the same invention. Fig. 6 is a timing chart showing another embodiment of the invention, Fig. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an electrolyte filtration device of the second invention, and Fig. 7 is an embodiment of the same invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrolyte filtration device showing another embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 9 is a timing chart of the same.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A. A workpiece and an electrode having an electrode surface that follows the machining surface of the workpiece are placed opposite each other with a predetermined gap in a stationary electrolyte, and a machining pulse is supplied between the electrodes to machine the workpiece. In an electrolytic finishing machine, (b) expanding the gap after supplying a machining pulse, and (c) in conjunction with the gap widening operation, the gap is expanded from a hole provided in at least one of the electrode or the workpiece. (d) In connection with the operation of supplying a jet of electrolyte from the hole, a jet of clean electrolyte is supplied to the gap from a nozzle arranged so as to be directed toward the gap. An electrolytic finishing method comprising: supplying a jet flow; (2) A. A workpiece and an electrode having an electrode surface that follows the machining surface of the workpiece are placed opposite each other with a predetermined gap in a stationary electrolyte, and a machining pulse is supplied between the electrodes to machine the workpiece. In an electrolytic finishing machine, (b) expanding the gap after supplying a processing pulse, and (c) in conjunction with the gap widening operation, applying clean water to the gap from a nozzle arranged so as to be directed toward the gap. d. In conjunction with the operation of supplying the electrolyte jet from the nozzle, sucking the electrolyte in the gap from a hole provided in at least one of the electrode or the workpiece; An electrolytic finishing method comprising: