JPH09141528A - Electro-chemical machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an electrode usable for a plurality of products of different shape and discharge sludge and hydrogen gas desirably. SOLUTION: An electrode part 4 disposed opposedly to a workpiece 3 disposed in an electrolyte vessel 2 is composed of a rotary electrode of bottomed cylinder shape with a large number of fine holes or slits formed to enable sludge to pass through, and a rotor of drill shape provided inside the rotary electrode. Sludge and gas generated in electrolyte 1 are sucked by a suction nozzle 7 above the rotary electrode, filtered by a filter 8 and discharged into the electrolyte vessel 2 by a pump 9 through an electrolyte passage. A DC power supply 5 applies combined voltage, obtained by superposing pulse voltage on the constant voltage value, between the workpiece 3 and the rotary electrode, and feed speed control mechanism 10, 11, 12, 13 control relative feed speed between the rotary electrode and the workpiece 3 according to the maximum value of a current flowing between the workpiece 3 and the rotary electrode.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrolytic processing apparatus, and more particularly to an electrolytic processing apparatus having a function of discharging sludge and generated gas that cause a decrease in processing speed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The principle of electrolytic processing is as shown in FIG.
The electrode 20 is connected to the − side of the DC power source 30 and the workpiece 40 is connected to the + side, respectively, and the metal is eluted from the workpiece 40 by the principle of electrolysis to perform the processing. The metal becomes sludge and hydrogen gas is generated from the electrode 20, and the sludge and hydrogen gas impede the flow of current, which hinders processing.

Conventionally, electrolytic processing has been disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-1963.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 21, it has been used for finishing work after rough mold working. However, because the shape of the electrode is manufactured to match the shape of the product,
There is a problem in that electrodes of different shapes are required, it takes a long time to design and manufacture the electrodes, and it is not possible to quickly respond to product changes.

In addition, as the product becomes larger and more complicated, the electrode also becomes larger and more complicated, and sludge generated during processing,
It becomes difficult to discharge the hydrogen gas, which causes a reduction in processing speed and a stop in processing. Therefore, JP-A-3-32526,
As disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-61529, a method of removing sludge and hydrogen gas has been devised, but none of them has solved the above problems.

[0005]

In view of the above points, the present invention makes it possible to commonly use the electrodes for a plurality of products having different shapes, and to satisfactorily discharge sludge and hydrogen gas. The present invention has been made for the purpose of providing an electrolytic processing apparatus capable of performing the above.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, since the electrode is constituted by a rotary electrode and the relative feed speed between the rotary electrode and the workpiece is controlled, the rotary electrode has a different shape. It can be commonly used for multiple products. Further, the sludge and the generated gas generated in the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic solution tank are sucked above the rotating electrode,
Since the particles are filtered and discharged into the electrolytic solution tank, the sludge and the generated gas can be discharged smoothly, and a reduction in the processing speed can be prevented.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the rotary electrode has a bottomed cylindrical shape in which a large number of fine holes or slits through which sludge can pass are formed, the sludge and the generated gas are generated through the fine holes or slits. Will flow into the interior of the sludge and will be sucked up above it, which is why sludge,
The generated gas is discharged smoothly.

According to the third aspect of the invention, since the rotary electrode has a drill shape, the sludge and the generated gas can be guided to above the rotary electrode and smoothly discharged.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the rotary electrode has a bottomed cylindrical shape having a large number of fine holes or slits through which sludge can pass, and a rotary body having a drill shape is provided inside the rotary electrode. Therefore, the sludge and the generated gas can be made to flow into the inside of the rotating electrode by the rotating operation of the rotating body and can be guided upward and smoothly discharged.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the rotating body is provided with the electrolytic solution passage for discharging the filtered electrolytic solution downward, so that the current flow between the rotating electrode and the workpiece is obstructed. Instead, the processing speed can be increased.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a direct-current power source applies a composite voltage obtained by superimposing a pulse voltage on a constant voltage value between the workpiece and the rotary electrode, and a feed speed control mechanism is used.
Since the relative feed speed between the rotating electrode and the workpiece is controlled according to the maximum value of the current flowing between the workpiece and the rotating electrode due to the application of the composite voltage, the distance between the workpiece and the rotating electrode is controlled. The gap between the work piece and the rotating electrode can be easily detected by the electric current flowing through, and the feed rate control according to this gap,
That is, the feed speed of the rotary electrode or the workpiece can be reduced or the feed can be stopped.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration diagram of an electrolytic processing apparatus which is an example of the embodiment.

In FIG. 1, a work piece 3 is fixed to the bottom of an electrolytic solution tank 2 containing an electrolytic solution, for example, a sodium nitrate aqueous solution 1, and an electrode portion 4 is provided above the work piece 3 to form the work piece 3.
Are located opposite to. Further, a DC power supply 5 is connected between the electrode portion 4 and the workpiece 3 such that the electrode portion 4 is on the − side and the workpiece 3 is on the + side.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electrode section 4 has a bottomed cylindrical rotary electrode 41 and a drill-shaped rotary body 42 provided inside the rotary electrode 41. Rotating electrode 41
Has fine holes or slits through which sludge generated in the electrolytic solution 1 in the electrolytic solution tank 2 can pass. The rotating electrode 41 is capable of solving the problem caused by providing the fine hole or slit, that is, the problem that the shape of the fine hole or slit is transferred to the workpiece 3 when the rotating electrode 41 is not rotated. It is rotated by the rotating device 6 at a speed of. On the other hand, the rotating body 42 is rotated by the rotating device 6 so that the sludge and the generated gas (hydrogen gas) flow into the inside of the rotating electrode 41 through the fine holes or slits and are raised.

On the upper side of the electrode portion 4, a suction nozzle 7 for sucking the sludge and the generated gas raised by the rotating operation of the rotating body 42 is provided. This suction nozzle 7
A filter 8 for filtering the sucked sludge is connected to, and a pump 9 for pumping the filtered electrolytic solution 1 into the electrolytic solution tank 2 is connected to the filter 8. As one method of discharging the electrolytic solution 1 into the electrolytic solution tank 2, as shown in FIG. 2, a passage 42b for the electrolytic solution is provided on a rotating shaft 42a of the rotating body 42, and the electrolytic solution is provided below the rotating body 42. There is a method of ejecting 1. According to this method, the electrolytic solution 1 containing no sludge is discharged between the rotating electrode 41 and the workpiece 3, so that the flow of current is not obstructed and the processing speed can be increased. . In addition, the discharge of the electrolytic solution 1 causes disturbance of the electrolytic solution 1 in the electrolytic solution tank 2,
There is also an effect that sludge is made to rise and easily flows into the inside of the rotating electrode 41 through the fine holes or slits of the rotating electrode 41.

The electrode portion 4 is supported by the processing head 10. The machining head 10 uses the Z from the control device 11.
The electrode unit 4 is configured to be movable in the Z-axis direction according to the axis control signal, and the electrode portion 4 is moved in the Z-axis direction according to the movement of the machining head 10 in the Z-axis direction.
It is sent in the axial direction.

The electrolytic solution tank 2 is fixed on the XY table 12. The XY table 12 is configured to be movable in the XY axis directions according to the XY axis control signal from the control device 11, and the electrolytic solution tank 2 and the workpiece 3 are arranged in the XY table 1.
As the 2 moves in the XY axis directions, it is sent in the XY axis directions.

From the DC power source 5 to the workpiece 3, the rotary electrode 41
A current detector 13 for detecting a current is provided in the current path through the DC power supply 5 via the. Current detector 1
A control device 11 is connected to 3.

The control device 11 controls the DC power source 5, the machining head 10, and the XY based on the current detection value of the current detector 13.
The table 12 and the electrode exchanging device 14 are controlled. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the power source voltage of the DC power source 5 is a combined voltage obtained by superimposing a pulse voltage on a constant voltage value. A pulse generation circuit 11a that generates the pulse voltage, a current setting circuit 11b in which predetermined current values I _{L and} I _H are set, and current setting values I _{L and} I of the current setting circuit 11b.
_H and the current detection value input from the current detector 13 are compared, and the machining head 10 and X are compared according to the comparison result.
The Y table 12 is configured to include a comparison operation circuit 11c that outputs a control signal to the motor drive circuit 15 of the Y table 12. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the comparison calculation circuit 11c reduces the current detection value I to the current setting value I _L by reducing the gap between the electrodes, that is, the gap between the rotating electrode 41 and the workpiece 3. If the current detection value I exceeds the current set value I _H , the feed speed of the rotary electrode 41 in the Z-axis direction is reduced when the current exceeds the current setting value I _H. It is controlled to stop the feeding of 41 in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the control system in the electrolytic processing apparatus of this embodiment is configured as shown in FIG.

As described above, according to the electrolytic processing apparatus of this embodiment, the electrode is constituted by the rotary electrode 41, and the relative feed speed between the rotary electrode 41 and the workpiece 3 is controlled. The rotating electrode 41 can be commonly used for a plurality of products having different shapes. Further, since the sludge and the generated gas generated in the electrolytic solution 1 in the electrolytic solution tank 2 are sucked above the rotary electrode 41, filtered, and discharged into the electrolytic solution tank 2, the sludge and the generated gas are discharged. Is smooth, and a reduction in processing speed can be prevented. Further, since the rotary electrode 41 has a bottomed cylindrical shape in which a large number of fine holes or slits through which sludge can pass are formed, sludge and generated gas flow into the rotary electrode 41 through the fine holes or slits,
The gas is sucked above it, so that the sludge and the generated gas are discharged smoothly. In addition, the rotating electrode 41
Since the drill-shaped rotating body 42 is provided inside, the rotary operation of the rotating body 42 allows the sludge and the generated gas to flow into the inside of the rotating electrode 41 to be guided upward and smoothly discharged. In addition, since the passage 42b for discharging the filtered electrolytic solution 1 downward is provided in the rotating body 42, the flow of current between the rotating electrode 41 and the workpiece 3 is not hindered, and the processing speed is improved. The speed can be increased. Also,
The DC power source 5 applies a combined voltage obtained by superimposing a pulse voltage to a constant voltage value between the workpiece 3 and the rotary electrode 41, and the feed speed control mechanisms 10, 11, 12, 13, 15 combine the combined voltages. Workpiece 3 and rotating electrode 41 by applying voltage
Since the relative feed speed between the rotary electrode 41 and the workpiece 3 is controlled according to the maximum value of the current flowing between the two,
The gap between the workpiece 3 and the rotating electrode 41 can be easily detected by the current flowing between the workpiece 3 and the rotating electrode 41,
Feed speed control according to this gap, that is, the rotary electrode 4
It is possible to slow down the feed speed of 1 or the workpiece 3, or to stop the feed.

The rotating body 42 is omitted, and the filtering mechanism 7,
The sludge and the generated gas may be sucked by only 8, 9, 42a and 42b. In addition, the rotating body 41
And a cylindrical rotating electrode 41 with a bottom as an electrode
Even if the rotary electrodes 42 and 42a having a drill shape are used instead of the above, the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained. Further, the bottomed cylindrical rotary electrode 41 is not limited to the cylindrical shape as shown in the figure, and may be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped shape with a bottom. Further, the processing head 10
May be configured to be movable also in the XY axis directions.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an electrolytic processing apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an electrode part.

[Figure 3] Control system diagram

FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram for explaining feed rate control.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining feed rate control.

[Figure 6] Principle of electrolytic processing

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Electrolyte 2 Electrolyte Tank 3 Workpiece 5 DC Power Supply 7, 8, 9, 42b Filtration Mechanism 10, 11, 12, 13 Feed Speed Control Mechanism 41 Rotating Electrode 42 Rotating Body

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An electrolytic solution tank, a rotating electrode arranged to face a workpiece arranged in the electrolytic solution tank, and sludge and generated gas generated in the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic solution tank for rotating the electrolytic solution. A filtering mechanism that suctions above the electrode, filters, and discharges into the electrolytic solution tank; a DC power supply that applies a voltage between the workpiece and the rotating electrode; the workpiece and the rotating electrode. And a feed rate control mechanism for controlling the relative feed rate of the electrolytic processing apparatus. 2. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotary electrode has a bottomed cylindrical shape having a large number of fine holes or slits through which sludge can pass. 3. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotary electrode has a drill shape. 4. The rotating electrode has a bottomed cylindrical shape in which a large number of fine holes or slits through which sludge can pass are formed, and a drill-shaped rotating body is provided inside the rotating electrode. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: 5. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the rotating body has an electrolytic solution passage for discharging the filtered electrolytic solution downward. 6. The DC power source applies a composite voltage formed by superimposing a pulse voltage on a constant voltage value between the workpiece and the rotary electrode, and the feed speed control mechanism controls the composite voltage of the composite voltage. The relative feed speed between the rotary electrode and the workpiece is controlled according to a maximum value of a current flowing between the workpiece and the rotary electrode by application.
The electrolytic processing apparatus according to any one of 5 above.