JPH03281114A - Milling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute the centralized processing of chips and to realize the drastic improvement of a working environment, by providing the mean which processes the chip with their suction at the position faced to the discharging port of a machine on the milling tool used for the machining center, etc., equipped with an automatic tool changing device. CONSTITUTION:When a vane 50 is rotated according to the rotation of a tool main body 20, the air of the tool tip part is sucked to the base end side, so the air around the tool is sucked to the internal part from the opening part of a cover 34 and the chip generated by a cutting edge tip 21 is sucked to a chip storage room 36. So the chip can be recovered concentrically from the discharging port 37 of a cover 34. Also, the cover 34 is engaged with a main shaft head H side at the installation time of the tool main body 20 to a main shaft S, so the cover 34 is held at the specific position even in the case of the tool main body 20 being rotated. On the other hand, the rotation of the cover 34 for the tool main body 20 is restrained with the cover 34 and tool main body 20 being engaged, in the case of the tool main body 20 being removed from the main shaft S. Moreover with the provision of a chip guide member 41 the chip on a rake face 21a is forcibly guided to a chip storage room 36 side.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a milling tool that can sequentially process chips generated during cutting, and is particularly applicable to machine tools equipped with an automatic tool changer such as a machining center. The present invention relates to a milling tool suitable for use.

[Prior art] As an example of a milling tool used for planar machining of a workpiece,
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, face milling cutters shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 have been known.

As shown in these figures, this face milling cutter has a substantially cylindrical shape and has a recess (L) on the outer circumference of the tip of the cutter body 1 that opens toward the tip surface and the outer circumference of the cutter body 1. A plurality of grooves 2 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and within these recesses 1M12,
Throwaway depth (hereinafter referred to as depth)
3 is tightened by the clamp screw 4 and inserted into the attachment/detachment opening r by the wedge member 5, and a wall surface is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body I facing the rake surface 3a of each depth 3. A face milling cutter having a circular arc shape is formed, and a center hole 7 is formed in the center of the cutter body 1, passing through the cutter body 1 in the axial direction. The center hole 7 is fitted to the fitting shaft II of the arbor lO, which is attached to the main shaft 8 of the machine body through the key 9. It is integrated with the two shafts 8.
7 In the levered state, the cutter body l is attached to the main shaft 8, +i-=)
The cutting edge 13 of the insert 3 is rotated around the axis and sent in a direction perpendicular to the axis, so that the cutting edge 13 of the insert 3 applies plane pressure to the workpiece, and the chips generated at this time are It is guided from the surface 3a to the wall surface of the depth pocket 6, rolled up, and then discharged outward in the circumferential direction of the cutter body 1.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, since the conventional face milling cutter mentioned above only discharges the generated chips outward in the circumferential direction, the cutter body As 1 rotates, chips are scattered widely around the machine 2, resulting in a poor working environment.
In addition, there was a drawback that it took 11 hours to dispose of chips after cutting.

In addition, as cutting continues, chips gradually accumulate on the workpiece and the machine table, so the heat from these chips causes thermal deformation of the workpiece and machine, reducing machining accuracy (
There is also a drawback that the quality of the cut surface is deteriorated due to straggling or chips getting caught in the cutting edge 13. In addition, scattering around the machine 1. There was also the risk that the chips could get into the sliding surfaces of the machine, leading to deterioration in the accuracy and shortened lifespan of the machine itself.

Such drawbacks occur more clearly in machining centers that require unmanned operation for long periods of time, and there has been a strong demand for a solution to this problem.

This invention was made against such a background, and is capable of centrally processing chips generated during cutting without scattering them widely around the machine, and is equipped with an automatic tool changer. We provide milling tools that can be used without any problems with machine tools.

1. Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the milling machine of the present invention (↓ is
Cover the tool body or open it to the tool tip side.
21 A cover is attached to the cover so as to be rotatable about the axis of the tool, and a chip storage chamber defined between the inner circumferential surface of the cover and the tool body and the outside of the cover are attached. 1. On the outer peripheral surface of the tool body facing the chip storage chamber, the air from the tip side of the tool is directed toward the proximal end of the tool as the tool body rotates. The suction ascending blade is attached to the cover, and when the main body is attached to the 14 main spindle, the cover engages with the l-axis head of the machine tool and rotates the tool body. is constrained by χ↑, and when the tool body is removed from the main shaft, the cover engages with the tool body and causes the cover to rotate relative to the tool body. It is equipped with a cover restraining mechanism.

In this case, in order to collect the chips even more reliably, the opening 11 on the tool tip side of the cover should be placed opposite the tip of the tool body with a 4" wide surface of the cutting blade tip with a gap left. It is preferable to install a chip guide member that narrows the gap.

[Function] In the case of the milling tool having the above configuration, air from the tool tip side is sucked toward the far end side due to the rotation of the blades as the tool body rotates, so that the air around the tool is Air is sucked into the interior through the opening of the cover, and the chips generated by the cutting blade tip are sequentially sucked into the chip storage chamber.For this reason, the chips are concentrated from the outlet of the cover. It depends on collecting it.

In addition, when the main shaft of the tool body is attached, the cover engages with the head of the main shaft, so that the main body rotates and the cover () is held in a predetermined position. 1: When removing from the shaft, remove the cover and machine Lj9.
Since it engages with the main body and restricts the rotation of the cover relative to the tool body, the cover does not rotate when automatically changing tools at a machining center, etc., thereby preventing problems such as impairing the tool changing operation. The position of the discharge port in the circumferential direction does not change each time it is performed.

Furthermore, by providing the chip guide member, the opening area of the cover is reduced, so the suction force generated at the tip of the tool increases, and chips generated along the rake face of the cutting edge are transferred between the chip guide member and the rake. The chips are forcibly guided toward the chip storage chamber along the gap between the chips and the surface.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

In these figures, the reference numeral 20 is the tool body.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the tool body 20 has a plurality of tips (cutting tips) 21 attached to the outer periphery of its tip, and an arm μ 22 fitted to its base end. They are coaxially connected through port 23.

Here, the depth 2I is formed by molding cemented carbide into a square flat plate shape, and is pressed by a wedge member 25 inserted into a groove 24 on the outer periphery of the tool body, and is detachably attached to the tool body 20. ing. Then, the cutting edge 2 of each chip 21
6 are slightly protruded from the outer periphery and tip of the tool, respectively.

On the other hand, the arm μ 22 is for connecting the tool body 20 to the spindle S supported by the spindle head H of the machine tool, and when the taper yank 27 is fitted to the spindle S, the pull stud 28 is connected to the spindle S. It is attached to the main shaft S by being pulled toward the rear end side (one side in FIG. 1). Key grooves 29 are formed in this arm μ 22, and these key grooves 29 engage with the keys 30 of the main spindle S as the pull stud 28 pulls in, so that the rotation of the main spindle S is directed to the tool body 20. It is meant to be transmitted.

Further, the arm μ 22 is formed with a grip 31 that is engaged with a tool changing arm (path shown) of an automatic tool changing device provided on the machine tool. A radial bearing 32 is fitted on the tool tip side with respect to the grip 31, and the inner ring side of the radial bearing 32 is tightened in the axial direction with a nut 33.

A cover 3 is placed on the outer ring side of the radial bearing 32.
4 is fitted. This cover 34 is connected at its base end to a cap 35 fitted to the outer ring of the radial bearing 32 through a port 35+1, whereby the cover 34 is restrained from moving in the axial direction and rotated by the tool body 20. freely supported.

The tip of the cover 34 is formed into a cylindrical shape that opens toward the tool tip, and the distance 121 between the tip and the corner of the tip 21 is somewhat larger than the cutting depth of the cutting edge 26 facing toward the outer circumferential side of the tool. It is largely determined. Further, the inner diameter of the tip of the cover 34 is set to be slightly larger than the rotational diameter of the cutting blade 26. The radial clearance amount δ between the inner circumferential surface of the cover 34 and the cutting edge 26 is determined as appropriate depending on the material of the workpiece, cutting conditions, etc., but is between 0.5 mm and
It is desirable to set it within the range of 2 mm, and for more reliable chip disposal, it is desirable to set it within the range of 0.5 mm to 1 mm. If the gap amount δ is less than 0.5 mm, there is a risk that the cutting blade 26 may dig in due to the eccentricity of the cover 34, etc. On the other hand, if the gap amount δ exceeds 2 mm, the chip suction horn described later will be reduced, making it difficult to dispose of chips. This is because there is a risk that problems may occur.

Further, in the outer circumferential portion of the cover 34, a circular discharge port is provided that communicates the outside of the cover 34 with a chip storage chamber 36 defined between the inner circumferential surface of the cover 34 and the outer circumferential surface of the tool body 20. 37 is formed. A hollow discharge pipe 39 is fitted into the discharge port 37. Also, cover 3
A partition wall 40 is formed at the upper part of the inner circumferential surface of 4 to separate the chip storage chamber 36 and the radial bearing 30.

As shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, the tool body 2
A flat chip guide member 41 is disposed at a position facing each chip rake face 21a at the tip of the chip. These chip guide members 41 are fitted into the mounting seats 42 of the tool body 20 and fixed with ports 43, and their surfaces are attached to the tool body 20.
The tip surface of 0 and the approximate surface of -7.

The outer peripheral side of these chip guide members 41 almost closes the chip pocket 44 formed in the tool main body 20.
It is formed into a d-shape. And, between the end face 45 of each chip guide member 41 that faces the above-mentioned 4-< cut surface 2+a and the -A'' joint 213, chips generated by the cutting blade 26 are guided to the chip storage chamber 36 side. Predetermined gap 17J] r or installation 1
3. The size of this gap t is set appropriately depending on the material of the workpiece (4), cutting conditions, etc., but it is preferably 0.
．． 5mm~2. It is preferable to set it in the range of Omm3
If the gap amount 1 is less than 0.5 mm, clogging of chips may occur.On the other hand, if the gap amount t is less than 2. This is because if it exceeds Omm, the chip suction force will decrease and there is a risk that the chip disposal ability will be impaired. Furthermore, the chip guide member 4
On the back side of 1, there are chip marks from the end surface 45 marked 1).
A groove portion 46 is formed extending toward the wall surface of -1-
Consideration has been made to prevent chips passing through the gap t from clogging and to discharge the chips smoothly into the chip pocket 44.

1 Also, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the tool body 2
A plurality of blades 50 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the blade. These 11 and 11 vanes 50 (J, which are formed by cutting the outer circumference of the tool body 20 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the shape is 1" from the tool tip side to the base end side) It is determined that the angle is gradually inclined backward in the direction of rotation of the tool.

As shown in FIG. 1, the proximal end of the cover 34 is formed in an elliptical shape that bulges out to the side of the distal end, and a J cover restraining mechanism 52 is provided on this elliptical protrusion 51. ing.

This cover restraining mechanism 52 is for restraining the rotation of the cover 34, so the guide hole 52 of the protrusion 51 is
3 and the engagement shaft 54 slidably inserted into the engagement shaft 5.
4 toward the proximal end side in the tool axis direction, and a stopper 5 extending from the engagement shaft 54 toward the center side in the tool radial direction.
It is roughly composed of 6.

Here, the -1-2 engagement shaft 54 is restrained from rotating by engaging with its keyway 54a or with the tip of the screw 57 screwed into the protrusion 51. In addition, the engagement shaft 54
When the arbor 22 is fitted onto the main shaft S, the tip of the arbor 22 is fitted into the engagement hole 59 of the engagement block 58 attached to the main shaft head (■) of the machine. , cover 34
The rotation of can be restricted. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the stop bar 56 marked -1- is extended to a position where its tip reaches the engagement groove 60 formed in the arm 22, and the axis of the engagement shaft 54 is extended. It is designed so that it can appear and disappear from the engagement 'II blue 60 as it moves in the direction.

Next, the operation of the face milling cutter configured as below-1- will be explained.

The surface milling cutter having the above configuration is stored in a magazine (not shown) of an automatic tool changer of a machine tool, and from this state is transported by a tool change arm of an automatic tool changer to the main spindle S.
will be installed on the During this time, the engagement shaft 54 is urged toward the proximal end of the tool by the coil spring 55, so that the stopper 56
is engaged with the engagement groove 60 of the arm 22. Therefore, in the magazine storage state and during tool exchange, the rotation of the cover 34 is β(111-), and the cover 34 is locked at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction with respect to the arm 221.

Then, by attaching the arm 22 to the main shaft S,
The distal end of the engagement shaft 54 fits into five engagement holes of an engagement block 58 fixed to the spindle head 1-I.

As a result, the engagement shaft 54 is pushed toward the tool tip side against the coil spring 55, and as a result, the stopper 56 is pushed against the arm 2.
It is released from the engagement groove 60 of No. 2. As a result, arm 2
2 and the cover 34 are allowed to rotate independently of each other, or the cover 34 continues to engage with the engagement block 58 via the engagement shaft 54, so that its rotation is restrained.

After the arm 22 is attached to the spindle S, it is rotated around the axis by the tool body 20 or the spindle S, and relative movement in a direction perpendicular to the tool axis occurs between the workpiece facing the tool tip and the spindle S. I is given, and the cutting edge 26 of the chip 2j cuts the workpiece in accordance with this.

During the above-mentioned cutting, as the tool body 20 rotates once, the blades 50 provided on the outer periphery of the tool body 20 rotate together, and as a result, the air on the tool tip side is sequentially drawn from the tool base end. Therefore, air around the tool body 20 is successively sucked into the chip storage chamber 36 from the opening at the tip of the cover 34 .

On the other hand, chips generated from the cutting edge 26 of the depth 21 along the cutting face 21a are removed from the end face 45 of the chip guiding member 41.
The chip passes through the gap t between the tip and the chip surface 21a, is guided to the depth pocket 44, and is rounded and divided by the chip pocket 44.

Then, the divided chips are sucked into the chip storage chamber 36 along with the air sucked from the opening at the tip of the cover 34. Then, the sucked chips are discharged from the discharge port 37 to the discharge pipe 3.
It is intensively discharged to the outside of the cover 34 via the pipe 9.

When machining is completed and the tool is removed from the spindle S,
In order to engage the tool exchange arm, the tool body 20 is positioned at the same circumferential position by the orientation function of the spindle S as when it is attached to the spindle S, and accordingly, the arm 2
The second engagement groove 60 is positioned at a position corresponding to the tip of the stopper 56. Then, at the same time as the arm 22 is removed from the main shaft S by the tool exchange arm, the engagement shaft 54 is pushed back toward the proximal end in the tool axis direction by the coil spring 55, and as a result, the engagement groove 60 and the stopper 56 are Re-engage. As a result, the rotation of the cover 34 is again restricted by the arm 22. Therefore, the cover 34 is prevented from shifting when exchanging tools or when driving a magazine that stores tools, and the positions of the discharge port 37 and the discharge pipe 39 in the circumferential direction are always constant even if the tools are repeatedly exchanged.

Therefore, the chip discharge position is always constant, and by providing a chip disposal means such as a chip storage box at a position facing the discharge pipe 39 on the machine side, it is possible to easily concentrate the chips on the machine side.

As explained above, according to the face milling cutter of this embodiment, the chips generated during cutting are sucked by the suction force accompanying the rotation of the blades 50, and are concentratedly discharged to a specific position outside the cover 34. Therefore, it is possible to centrally process chips at the chip discharge position, thereby improving the working environment and shortening the time required for chip disposal.

Furthermore, the chip suction force is applied to the blades 5 formed on the tool body 20.
0, there is no need to install special equipment such as a suction machine on the machine to suck up the chips.
This has the advantage that the device is simple and inexpensive.

In addition, in the face milling cutter of this embodiment, the cover 34 is locked to the arm 22 at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction when it is removed from the main shaft S, and the cover 34 is locked to the arm 22 at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction. Since the structure is such that the engagement between the cover 34 and the arm 22 is released in conjunction with the installation, it can be used without any problems with machine tools such as machining centers equipped with automatic tool changers, and long-term unattended machining with machining centers is possible. This is particularly effective when the amount of chips generated is large and it is difficult to expect the operator to dispose of the chips.

Incidentally, if the cover restraining mechanism 52 is not provided, the cover 34 may move circumferentially and interfere with machine tools or other tools when exchanging tools or when driving a magazine in which tools are stored. Moreover, the position of the discharge port 37 in the circumferential direction changes every time the tool is replaced, and the chip discharge position is not constant, so the chip discharge direction changes every time the tool is replaced, making it impossible to process the chips.

In addition, in this embodiment, a depth 2 is particularly provided at the tip of the tool body 20.
Although the so-called indexable type face milling cutter equipped with the tip 1 has been described, the milling tool of the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to various milling tools such as a face milling cutter with a brazed tip. .

Further, in this embodiment, the blade 50 is particularly formed integrally with the tool body 20, but the present invention is not limited to this.
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a separately manufactured blade 60 may be fitted onto the outer peripheral portion of the tool body 20 and connected with a bolt 61. Furthermore, the shape of the blade 50 in the above embodiment is formed into an axial flow blade shape that gradually inclines rearward in the tool rotation direction as it goes from the tool tip side to the base end side. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the same effect can be achieved even if the shape is formed into a so-called centrifugal wing shape, which is a spiral shape when viewed from the L side, and various other modifications are also possible.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, a chip guide portion 1 is particularly provided on the tip surface of the tool body 20. By setting f'41, cover 3
Although the opening 4 is sandwiched between the blades 5o, it may be omitted if sufficient suction force can be obtained by the blades 5o.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained in 1-1, according to the present invention, the chips generated during cutting can be scattered around the machine and suctioned one after another without any hesitation, thereby making it possible to extract them concentratedly at a specific location around the tool. So,
By arranging the chip processing means at a position facing the machine glue I exit, it is possible to intensively process the chips, thereby shortening the chip processing time and greatly improving the working environment.

Moreover, since the chip suction force is generated by the blades provided on the outer periphery of the tool body, it is necessary to install a special device such as a suction machine to suck the chips. This has the advantage that the device is simple and inexpensive.

In addition, the tools are aligned from the main spindle of the machine tool. In this case, the cover is locked at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction with respect to the tool body, and when the tool body is attached to the spindle, the engagement between the horn bar and the tool body is released at the same time. The cover and the machine tool engage and the cover is held in place by the rotation of the two V tool bodies, so it can be used on machine tools equipped with an automatic tool changer without any problems and can be used for long periods of time. This is particularly effective when unmanned machining is performed, where a large amount of chips are generated and it is not possible to dispose of the chips through operation noise.

Furthermore, when a chip guide member is provided at the tip of the tool body, the open area of the cover is reduced, the suction force acting on the tool tip increases, and chips generated along the rake face are Since the chips are forcibly guided to the chip storage chamber side, it is possible to more reliably suck the chips.

0

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 1 is an axial sectional view, Fig. 2 is a bottom view, Fig. 3 is a side view of the tool body, Fig. 4 is a sectional view from IIIJ to IJ of Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a modification of the blade. Figures 6 to 8 show conventional face milling cutters, so Figure 6 is an axial sectional view, Figure 7 is a bottom view, and Figure 8 is an enlarged view of the outer periphery of the tip of the tool body. It is. 20... Tool body, 21... Dep (cutting blade tip), 21a - Scoop, 26... Cutting blade, 34... Cover 36... Chip storage chamber, 37... υto outlet, 4I
・ ... Chip guide member, 45 ... End face of chip guide member, 50 60 ... Vane, 52 ... Cover restraint mechanism, H
・ ・t′, shaft head, S・ main shaft.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a milling tool in which a cutting tip is attached to the outer periphery of the tip of a tool body that is rotated around the axis, the tool body is provided with a cover that covers the tool body and opens toward the tool tip. The cover is mounted in a rotatable state around the tool body, and the cover is formed with a discharge port that communicates a chip storage chamber defined between the inner circumferential surface of the cover and the tool body with the outside of the cover, and the tool body A vane is formed on the outer peripheral surface facing the chip storage chamber to suck air from the tool tip side toward the tool base side as the tool body rotates, and the tool body is attached to the main shaft on the cover. When the tool body is removed from the spindle, the cover engages with the spindle head of the machine tool to restrain the rotation of the tool body, and when the tool body is removed from the spindle, it engages with the tool body to prevent the cover from rotating. A milling tool characterized by being provided with a cover restraint mechanism that restrains rotation of the cover relative to the tool body. (2) A chip guide member is provided at the tip of the tool body, facing the rake surface of the cutting edge with a gap left, and narrowing the opening on the tool tip side of the cover. The milling tool according to claim 1.