JPH0289909A - Incinerator for medical waste being mainly resin product, e.g. injector, and incinerating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a fuel cost and to process exhaust gas to produce clean gas by a method wherein medical waste being mainly a resin product is naturally burnt in a primary combustion chamber having closed structure and exhaust gas therefrom is guided to a secondary combustion chamber where it is forcibly burnt at a high temperature. CONSTITUTION:A primary combustion chamber 10 is provided with a waste charge port, a primary burner 24 for ignition, and primary blast ports 26 for natural combustion, and formed with a furnace wall, having a closed structure, in cooperation with a door 22 for the waste charge port. A secondary combustion chamber 12 is provided with a secondary burner 34 to burn gas generated in the primary combustion chamber, and secondary blast ports 36 for secondary combustion, and the size thereof is set to a value relatively higher than that of the primary combustion chamber. With the aid of fans 14 and 16, blast is effected to the primary and secondary blast ports 26 and 36, respectively. Medical waste 28 being mainly a resin product, e.g. injector, charged in the primary combustion chamber 10 is ignited by means of a primary burner 24 and naturally burnt only by means of blast through the primary blast ports 26, and exhaust gas therefrom is completely burnt in the secondary combustion chamber by means of a secondary burner 34.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an incinerator for medical waste mainly consisting of resin products such as syringes, and a method for incinerating the same.

[Conventional technology and issues to be solved]

In recent years, as infections such as 1rDs and hepatitis B have become a problem, many medical instruments such as syringes, infusion sets, blood transfusion tubes, and blood collection devices tend to be disposable for safety reasons. System waste is increasing year by year. However, most of it is discharged in small quantities from small and medium-sized hospitals.
Currently, waste cannot be disposed of centrally by incineration, and is mixed with general household waste.

For this reason, disposing of syringes and other items that may be contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms together with household waste may lead to the spread of new pathogenic microorganisms. Problems have been raised for some time regarding the current situation where there is a risk of health damage due to

However, medical waste, especially medical waste containing resin products such as syringes and blood transfusion sets that often contain highly dangerous blood components, is safely incinerated at high temperatures along with pathogenic microorganisms. There was no incinerator available. In addition, equipment that has been repurposed from a conventional incinerator lacks safety, requires manpower, requires a large amount of fuel for incineration, and the equipment costs are quite high. Even large hospitals were reluctant to install incinerators, which are costly.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research to provide an incinerator that can incinerate such medical waste safely and without the need for manpower, and without the need for fuel.
The incinerator and incineration method according to the present invention have been achieved.

[Means to solve the problem]

The gist of the medical waste incinerator mainly composed of resin products such as syringes according to the present invention is (8) a waste input port, a primary burner for igniting the input waste, (b) a primary combustion chamber comprising a furnace wall that forms a sealed structure together with a door of the waste inlet, the primary combustion chamber comprising at least a primary air outlet for blowing air for spontaneous combustion of the ignited waste; The primary combustion chamber is equipped with at least a secondary burner that introduces gas generated in the chamber and radiates a flame into the gas to combust it, and a secondary air outlet that blows air for continuous combustion. (c) one or two fans that blow air to either or both of the primary air outlet or the secondary air outlet, Medical waste, mainly resin products such as syringes, put into the combustion chamber is ignited in the primary burner, and is naturally combusted only by air blowing from the primary ventilation opening, and the exhaust gas is transferred to the secondary combustion chamber. The reason is that complete combustion is achieved using a secondary burner.

Further, the gist of the method of incinerating medical waste mainly consisting of resin products such as syringes according to the present invention is a batch type incinerator equipped with a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, In a waste incineration method using an incinerator in which the capacity of the primary combustion chamber is determined in accordance with a set required incineration time, (a) an input step of inputting a start switch, and (b) a secondary burner is activated by inputting the start switch. (c) igniting the primary burner after a certain delay time with respect to the secondary combustion process; (d) the primary burner is extinguished after a certain delay time with respect to the primary ignition process, and the waste is naturally combusted. A natural combustion process that causes
(e) extinguishing the secondary burner after a preset time has elapsed;

The present invention consists of a cooling step for cooling the incinerator, and (f) a stopping step for stopping all operations of the incinerator after the preset required incineration time has elapsed.

[For production]

According to the incinerator of the present invention, medical waste mainly consisting of resin products such as syringes is burned together with blood, medical solutions, etc. contained in the waste in the primary combustion chamber having a sealed structure. - After ignition by the primary burner, the combustion of waste in the combustion chamber is carried out only by air blowing from the primary air outlet, thereby minimizing fuel consumption.

All exhaust gases combusted and exhausted in the sealed primary combustion chamber are led to the secondary combustion chamber. -The secondary combustion chamber, which is set relatively large compared to the fire combustion chamber, can be heated to a considerably high temperature by the flame of the large-capacity secondary burner, and the exhaust gas led to the secondary combustion chamber is heated to a high temperature. The flame causes complete combustion, and also sterilizes pathogenic microorganisms contained in the exhaust gas and deodorizes it.

Next, according to the incineration method of the present invention, the maximum required incineration time is set in advance, and the incinerators are sequentially operated within the required incineration time by the set timer. There is. Therefore, by inputting the start switch, the secondary combustion chamber is first combusted and heated to the required temperature based on the set timer, and then, after a certain delay time, the primary burner in the primary combustion chamber is turned on. After being operated for a predetermined period of time, the primary burner is turned off. The waste ignited by the primary burner is spontaneously combusted by the primary burner fan, which is operated at the same time as the primary burner, and the air blown from the primary air outlet.

All of the exhaust gas generated as a result of the natural combustion of medical waste, mainly resin products such as syringes, in the primary combustion chamber is guided to the secondary combustion chamber without leaking to the outside. In the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary burner is activated at the same time as the start switch is input, and the temperature is raised to a high temperature. The amount of waste that can be fed into the primary combustion chamber, where odors contained in the gas are deodorized and pathogenic microorganisms are sterilized, is set based on the required incineration time set in advance, and is As time passes, combustion in the primary combustion chamber ends and the fire is extinguished.

After a certain period of time has elapsed, which is the maximum time in which combustion can be completed in the combustion chamber, the operation of the secondary burner is stopped, and air is blown from the primary and secondary ventilation ports for a further certain period of time to complete the primary combustion. After the chamber and secondary combustion chamber are allowed to cool, all operations of the incinerator are shut down.

〔Example〕

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an incinerator for medical waste according to the present invention.
It consists of a fan 14, 16 and a fuel tank I8.

The primary combustion chamber 10 consists of a furnace body 20 consisting of a furnace wall with a sealed structure, and a charging door 22 that seals an input port for charging waste into the furnace body 20. A primary air outlet 26 is provided.

The primary burner 24 is a waste 2B input into the furnace main body 20.
, especially medical waste consisting mainly of resin products such as syringes 2
8, and is designed to ignite the fuel led from the fuel tank 18 and emit a flame. The primary burner 24 has a built-in primary burner fan, which radiates flame, and when the flame is stopped, only the primary burner fan is operated, thereby suppressing the exhaust gas in the sealed primary combustion chamber 10. The internal pressure prevents the gas from leaking through the primary burner 24 to the outside.

A large number of primary air blowing ports 26 are arranged on the furnace wall of the furnace body 20 and are configured to blow the air that has been pressure-fed by the fan 14 into the primary combustion chamber 10. The amount of air blown from the primary air outlet 26 is set to be sufficient to allow the waste 28 thrown into the primary combustion chamber 10 to spontaneously burn, and the amount of air blown from the primary combustion chamber 10 is sufficient to allow the waste 28 thrown into the primary combustion chamber 10 to spontaneously burn. A part of the medical waste, mainly resin products, is sequentially completely combusted, and the other part is carbonized, and the exhaust gas is sent to the secondary combustion chamber 1.
Guided by 2.

An ash tray 30 made of stainless steel or ceramic is arranged in the primary combustion chamber 10 to facilitate the removal of the residue after the combustion of the waste 28 from the primary combustion chamber 10. There is.

The exhaust gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 10 is transferred to the flue 32.
It passes through and is led to the secondary combustion chamber 12. The secondary combustion chamber 12 has a cylindrical shape, has a furnace wall 33 made of a heat-resistant material like the primary combustion chamber 10, and has a relatively large volume compared to the volume of the primary combustion chamber 10. Secondary combustion chamber 12
A secondary burner 34 and a secondary air outlet 36 are provided.

The secondary burner 34 has a built-in secondary burner fan that ignites the fuel introduced from the fuel tank 18 and radiates flame within the secondary combustion chamber 12. The temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 12 raised by the secondary burner 34 is several hundred degrees Celsius or higher, preferably 700 degrees Celsius or higher,
In addition to sterilizing pathogenic microorganisms contained in exhaust gas,
Efforts are being made to deodorize.

A large number of secondary ventilation ports 36 are arranged in the furnace wall 33 of the secondary combustion chamber 12, and the air that has been pressure-fed by the secondary fan 16 is blown into the secondary combustion chamber 12. There is. The amount of air blown from the secondary air outlet 36 is the same as that of the primary combustion chamber 10.
from the secondary combustion chamber 12 to the chimney 3.
8 into the atmosphere.

Note that an air intake hole 40 is provided at the connection between the secondary combustion chamber 12 and the chimney 38, and by taking air into the chimney 38, the temperature of the chimney for three days is lowered.

In the incinerator having such a configuration, first, the waste input door 22 of the primary combustion chamber 10 is opened, and waste is input into the primary combustion chamber 10. The preferred waste is waste that contains a large amount of volatile components, mainly resin products such as syringes and blood transfusion sets, and medical waste such as resin products that may be mixed with cotton, cloth, etc. After a predetermined amount of fuel is charged into the primary combustion chamber 10, the charging door 22 is closed.

The operation of the incinerator is set in advance by sequence control or a microcomputer, and as shown in FIG. 2, each device in the incinerator is operated according to a time chart.

First, a start switch on an operation panel (not shown) is operated manually, and each device of the incinerator is activated. By inputting the start switch, the secondary burner 34 disposed in the secondary combustion chamber 12, the secondary burner fan built in the secondary burner 34, and the secondary fan 16 are operated, and the flame is emitted from the secondary burner 34. is radiated, and air is blown by the secondary blower 16 through the secondary blower port 36 provided in the furnace wall 33 of the secondary combustion chamber 12. The flame of the secondary burner 34 raises the temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 12 to about 700° C. or higher. The time required for this temperature rise is determined by experiment or calorific value calculation, and after the elapse of this temperature rise time, the primary combustion chamber 10
Each piece of equipment installed is activated.

The primary combustion chamber 10 includes a part of the burner 24 and a part of the burner 2.
4 built-in partial burner fan and primary air outlet 26
is provided, and a partial fan 14 for blowing air is provided in its primary air outlet 26, and after the elapse of the temperature rising time during which the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 12 mentioned above rises to a predetermined value, these The device is activated automatically. The primary burner 24 is used to ignite the medical waste 28 placed in the primary combustion chamber 10, and after being operated for several minutes, for example 3 to 5 minutes, the flame emission is automatically stopped.

The waste partially ignited by the flame from the burner 24 is spontaneously combusted by the air blown from the primary air outlet 26 after the emission of the flame from the primary burner 24 is stopped. Combustible medical waste 28, which mainly consists of resin products such as syringes, is completely combusted by a sufficient amount of air supplied from the primary air outlet 26, and the other part is completely combusted. is carbonized by the heat associated with combustion and discharged as flammable gas. Exhaust gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 10 having a sealed structure is led to the secondary combustion chamber I2 through the flue 32. Note that the primary burner fan is operated even after the primary burner 24 is stopped, so that the exhaust gas in the fire explosion chamber 10 is prevented from leaking to the outside via the primary burner 24.

The exhaust gas introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 12 is completely combusted by the flame radiated from the secondary burner 34 under a sufficient amount of air blown from the secondary air outlet 36. The secondary combustion chamber 2 is heated in advance to a temperature of several 100 degrees Celsius, preferably 700 degrees Celsius or higher, and the odor of volatile components contained in resin products that are waste products is removed. Odors generated from blood components, chemical solutions, and the like are deodorized, and pathogenic microorganisms that may be contained in the waste 28 are completely sterilized. - The exhaust gas from the fire explosion chamber 10 is completely combusted, deodorized and sterilized, and the clean exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere from the chimney 38.

The combustion of the waste 28 in the primary combustion chamber 10 is such that the maximum amount of the waste 28 that can be input into the fire explosion chamber 10 is determined, and the combustion is completed within at least a preset required incineration time. . Therefore, - after the required incineration time has elapsed for the completion of combustion in the fire explosion chamber 10, the secondary burner 3
4 is automatically stopped and the flame emission is stopped. Even after the secondary burner 34 is stopped, air continues to be blown into the -fire explosion chamber 10 and the secondary combustion chamber 12, thereby cooling the incinerator. After the time has elapsed for the incinerator to cool down to a temperature at which it is not dangerous to open the waste input door 22 of the primary combustion chamber 10, the operation of the incinerator equipment is automatically stopped.

As mentioned above, the operation of each device in the incinerator is automatically performed based on a preset operating time using sequence control, a microcomputer, or the simplest timer.

After each device in the incinerator has stopped, the input door 22 can be opened at any time, and the residue of two days' worth of waste can be easily disposed of by taking out the ash tray 30.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention can be implemented in other embodiments as well.

For example, as shown in the incinerator time chart in FIG. It is possible.

In this way, the final step of incineration, in which self-P8 combustion of the waste 28 is performed inefficiently, is forcibly performed by the operation of the primary burner 24, and the time required for incineration can be shortened. . In addition, if the waste 28 contains a small amount of resin components and is expected to produce a large amount of residue after incineration,
The primary burner 24 can be operated to force the flame to burn the waste 28 and its residue, thereby reducing the amount of residue discharged. Furthermore, if metal parts such as syringe needles are included, the high temperature flame of the primary burner 24 can efficiently disinfect and sterilize them, making the disposal of the residue safer.

Here, the time shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is an example,
Various settings can be made depending on the capacity of the incinerator, the content of waste, etc., and the present invention is not limited to this.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, one fan 42 with a large capacity is installed to forcefully send air to the primary air outlet 26 and the secondary air outlet 36, and a valve 44 is used to forcefully send air to the primary air outlet 26 and the secondary air outlet 36. The timing of air blowing from the air outlet 36 may be adjusted. Furthermore, in this example, the valve 44 is not provided, and the secondary burner 34 in the secondary combustion chamber 12 is
It may be configured such that air is blown from the primary air outlet 26 as well as the secondary air outlet 36 which is blown at the same time as the operation of. In either example, the amount of air blown to the primary air outlet 2G and the secondary air outlet 36 is adjusted by changing the diameter of the piping and the opening degree of the valve to each.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
It may be configured to prevent liquid components such as blood and chemical solutions contained in the incineration process from leaking outside during the initial stage of the incineration process
In this example, the ash tray 30 shown in FIG. 1 is not necessarily required, and the ash tray 30 may be used in combination for convenience of ash removal.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the contact portions of the waste input port 50 and the input Wi 52 of the combustion chamber 46 are formed with a slope, so that the pressure inside the primary combustion chamber 46 is higher than atmospheric pressure. The configuration may be such that the close contact between the input port 50 and the input door 52 is increased so that the exhaust gas does not leak from the close contact portion, and the input door 52 is opened and closed smoothly.

Furthermore, although the incinerators shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5 are configured to be movable by providing rollers 54 at the bottom thereof, they may of course be of a fixed position type.

In addition, although not shown, the secondary combustion chamber 12 may be changed from the vertical type shown in FIG. 1 to a horizontal type, that is, a cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 12 installed with its axis aligned horizontally. Alternatively, the gas flow in the secondary combustion chamber 12 may be swirled to perform combustion.

In addition, high-temperature exhaust gas from the chimney 3rd is introduced into the primary combustion chamber O and the secondary combustion chamber 12 and mixed with the air blown from the air outlet 26゜36, further raising the temperature inside the combustion chamber 10゜12. Similarly, the air outlet 26 may be configured to
．． The air blown from 36 may be preheated.

Furthermore, the operation of the incinerator according to the present invention is not only controlled by a preset time, but also by detecting the temperature of the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber using temperature sensors, and controlling the operation based on the detected actual temperature. The operation of each device in the incinerator may be controlled based on the incinerator, or it is also possible to use a combination of control based on preset time and control based on temperature.

In addition, the present invention may be implemented without departing from the spirit of the invention, such as by arranging the burner or air outlet installed in the combustion chamber in an appropriately diagonal direction, or by providing an air outlet on the floor of the combustion chamber. The present invention may be implemented with various modifications, modifications, and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, medical waste mainly consisting of resin products such as syringes is ignited in a sealed primary combustion chamber, and then it is naturally combusted only by blowing air, and the secondary combustion is carried out to prevent the exhaust gas from leaking outside. Because the exhaust gas is forced to burn at high temperatures, it not only reduces fuel costs, but also provides odorless, completely sterilized, and clean exhaust gas that is not discharged from medical institutions. This will prevent situations that could pose health hazards due to waste.

In addition, in the method of the present invention, the amount of waste that can be put into the incinerator is set in advance, and the operation of each device in the incinerator is controlled according to the required incineration time set based on it, so it is inexpensive. It is possible to configure a control device to automatically incinerate waste by simply inputting a start switch, and there is no need for additional manpower to incinerate waste, and it is possible to use an inexpensive incinerator. The present invention has excellent effects such as being able to provide the following information.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a medical waste incinerator according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a time chart for explaining the incineration method according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a time chart for explaining the incineration method according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of the main part of another embodiment of the incinerator according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the main part of another embodiment of the incinerator according to the invention. 10.46; - Fire combustion chamber 12; Secondary combustion chamber 14↓ Primary fan 16i Secondary fan 22.52; Input door 24; Primary burner 26: Primary air outlet 28; Waste 33; Furnace wall 34; Secondary burner 36: Secondary ventilation port 42; fan number 4

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) At least a waste input port, a primary burner for igniting the input waste, and a primary air outlet for blowing air for spontaneous combustion of the ignited waste; A primary combustion chamber consisting of a furnace wall that forms a sealed structure together with a mouth door; a secondary burner that introduces the gas generated in the primary combustion chamber and radiates flame into the gas to burn it; and the secondary combustion chamber. a secondary combustion chamber configured to be relatively larger than the primary combustion chamber; and either or both of the primary ventilation port and the secondary ventilation port. Medical waste, mainly resin products such as syringes, put into the sealed primary combustion chamber is ignited by the primary burner, and then is discharged from the primary air outlet. An incinerator for medical waste mainly consisting of resin products such as syringes, characterized in that the incinerator causes natural combustion only by blowing air, and the exhaust gas is completely combusted in the secondary burner in the secondary combustion chamber. (2) In a waste incineration method for an incinerator that is a batch type incinerator equipped with a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, the capacity of the primary combustion chamber is determined in accordance with a preset required incineration time, an input step of inputting a starting switch; a secondary combustion step of igniting a secondary burner and operating a secondary burner fan by inputting the starting switch; and a secondary combustion step of blowing air from the secondary air outlet of the secondary combustion chamber. A primary ignition process in which the primary burner is ignited with a certain delay time relative to the secondary combustion process, a primary burner fan is operated, and air is blown from the primary air outlet of the primary combustion chamber; and a certain delay time with respect to the primary ignition process. a natural combustion process in which the primary burner is extinguished and the waste is spontaneously combusted; and the secondary burner is extinguished after a preset time has elapsed;
A medical system mainly made of resin products such as syringes, characterized by comprising a cooling process of cooling the incinerator, and a stopping process of stopping all operations of the incinerator after the preset required incineration time has elapsed. Incineration method in waste incinerator.