JPH02265898A - Crane with lifting arm having sifter of arm direction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent generation of uncontrollable vibration by providing a support means which cooperates with a free end of a tappet when a base part of an arm is at a position where the arm is pulled up. CONSTITUTION: An arm 9 gets in contact with tappets 37 through a support means 54 fixed to a leg part 17 of it at the end of pulling up of the arm 9. For at least one of the two tappets 37, length is adjustable by a screw head part 55, for example, and the support means 54 which cooperates with a free end 56, 57 of the tappet 37 forms a funnel-like guide 58 so that contact of the arm 9 with the two tappets 37 is simultaneously and safely performed. While the arm 9 is continuously raised, force applied on the tappets 37 is increased, and a link mechanism 15 causes move of a continuous shaft 42 backward. Simultaneously, a balance weight 8 continues to get closer to a vertical tower 1, and applies a larger force to the link mechanism 15 gradually. Resistance provided by the tappets 37 is further increased by this.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hoistable arm crane of the type with a fixed or movable support structure, which rotates about a vertical axis consisting of a rotating shaft. a vertical tower carrying parts to be carried, a support arm supported on a rotating shaft, an equipment platform located behind the rotating shaft and suspending a counterweight movable from front to back and vice versa; , having a retractable arm articulated at its base around the horizontal axis of rotation. In particular, the present invention
It concerns an arm deflection device whose actuation is combined with the device platform, the purpose of which is to ensure that the arm in the raised position is free from external stimuli, such as the influence of inertia, wind action or breakage of the rope. It is to avoid it, so as not to turn back after the hoist due to such things.

PRIOR ART Various types of hoistable arm cranes with arm deflection devices are already known.

According to a first known type, the device platform forms, together with the axis of rotation, a monolithic body with an inclined surface descending towards the rear, the inclined surface being connected to one piece arranged at the front part of said monolithic body. or under the arm at a predetermined distance from the connection point to allow optimal counterweight movement when the arm is raised, supported by one or more operating cables passing through a plurality of guide pulleys. A movable counterweight fixed to moves. In this case, the arm in the raised position is supported by elastic means, the fixed device is firmly connected to the support arm or the device platform, the mobile device cooperates with a stop device arranged on the arm, In order to maintain a stable balance, a gradual force is exerted on the arm in sequence. These elastic means may be mechanical, such as springs, hydraulic or pneumatic, such as jacks, or electromechanical, with specific implementations of these means An example is shown in US Pat. No. 4,270,663.

In general, these measures cause dynamic effects within the structure of the arm, causing irresistible portions that are detrimental to the movement of the device.

According to a second known type, for example described by German Patent No. 3,438,937, the device platform is connected by bent arms to two projections located on its south side. It has a support whose rear end carries a counterweight and whose front end is connected to the arm base by an articulated connecting rod. The set consisting of the front part of the arm, the connecting rod, the arm base and the device platform forms a deformable quadrilateral. In this case, the raising of the arm causes a rotation of the two arms bent in projection about a common joint on the support of the platform, and thus a forward movement of the counterweight.

During the pull-up, the counterweight exerts a tilting moment on the support about the joint, and at the end of the pull-up, the counterweight passes vertically through this joint and then reverses the movement of the arm-lifting movement. exerts a supporting moment decreasing in the opposite direction, maintaining the arm in stable equilibrium throughout. As is clear through the description of the zero actuation, the arm deflection device, contrary to the previous one, It combines the two functions of redirection of the arm at the end of the pull, so that this device cannot optimize the two functions.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention!1) The present invention provides a crane with a hoistable arm in which the arm deflection device is separated from the counterweight movement device and does not cause uncontrollable vibrations. This eliminates these drawbacks.

(Means for Solving the Problem) To this end, a crane with a hoistable arm according to the present invention is provided with a rotating shaft mounted on a vertical tower-like support structure.
a support arm rigidly connected to the rotating shaft and tilted backwards, an equipment platform connected to the rear of the rotating shaft and rollingly mounted with a counterweight movable from front to back and vice versa, rotating at its base; Said counterbalance is carried out by one or more cables connecting a counterweight to the base of the arm along a hoistable arm connected to the shaft, arm hoisting means, load lifting means and a slightly forwardly inclined equipment platform. This hoistable arm crane has a device for displacing a weight in a known manner, in which the device platform carries a tappet supported at its rear by a connecting brace and at its front by a linkage. Furthermore, it is a part of the arm direction changing device that has a support carry-on and is suspended by a link mechanism that is held stationary in position on the support arm, and also has a rotation axis and a the base of the arm has support means cooperating with the free end of the tappet when the arm is in the raised position; It is characterized by having

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the linkage of the arm deflection device consists of a rigid set of two connecting rods forming an isosceles triangle, the small side of the isosceles triangle being located below the support arm. connected at the height of the opening, the other two connecting rods are connected at their first end to the long side of the rigid set forming a trapezoid, and at the other end symmetrically to either side of the front of the equipment platform. The linkage is also assembled such that in one normal working position the set of linkages is flat.

According to one additional characteristic, the tappet of the arm deflection device is connected at its first end to an articulation shaft connecting two parts of a predetermined linkage.

Thus, at the end of the pull-up, the arm leaves the support corrugation on the support arm and comes into contact with the free end of the tappet, which exerts a resistance force in the direction opposite to the direction of movement, which force gradually increases as the arm is pulled up. growing. This is because the tappet moves rearwardly the articulation shaft connecting the two parts of the linkage, which is taut under the influence of the equipment platform and the suspended counterweight.

at least one of the two tappets is adjustable in the length direction;
The support means of the arm leg cooperating with the free end of the tappet are
A funnel-shaped guide is formed so that the arm can contact two tappets simultaneously and safely.

According to another feature, the means for forming the sliding groove substantially perpendicular to the axis of connection of the axis of rotation and the device platform are constituted by a vertical hole. In one particular construction, the connection between the rotating shaft and the front of the equipment platform consists of two sets of covers and turrets symmetrically placed on either side of the rotating part of the crane. The ends of the beams of the platform form the treetop and the projecting ends of the rotating shaft form the cover. Each set of cover and handle is connected by a shaft with two different diameters.

The part with the larger diameter further has two large flat surfaces parallel to each other over its length, forming a central part that is placed in the hole provided in the sash, while a second part, which is smaller than the spacing between the flat surfaces, The diameter of 2 is the diameter of the two ends of the shaft, which are attached to the two branches of the cover with a ring between them having a diameter at least equal to the diameter of the central part.

According to an additional feature, the holes in the hem are double and rectangular and are each provided with two sliding plates with greater thickness in the middle. These slide plates are arranged vertically in the holes on both sides and are arranged in such a way that there is a space between the two plates of a constant size equal to the distance between the flat surfaces of the two diameter shafts.

This device allows the front part of the device platform to move freely in a direction perpendicular to the connection point on the axis of rotation when the arm deflection device begins to operate.

In any case, the present invention has been described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show, by way of non-limiting example, an embodiment of the hoistable arm crane of the present invention with an arm deflection device. It will be better understood.

EXAMPLE With particular reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the crane schematically shown in FIG. It has a column 1 in a known manner, the shaft 2 being connected via a directing device 3 to a device platform 7 and a lifting device, which is basically a rotating shaft 5, a support arm 6, a movable counterweight 8 mounted in a rolling manner. It supports a rotary part 4 which basically consists of a possible arm 9.

As shown in FIG. 3, the support arm 6, which has a triangular horizontal cross-section with a tip toward the front, is connected to the rotation axis 5 and has the appearance of being tilted backward.

The equipment platform 7, the framework of which consists of two beams 10 connected to the rotating shaft 5 via a housing 11 with a hole 12 traversed by a horizontal connecting shaft 13, is connected at its rear by connecting braces 14. It is suspended from the support arm 6 by a link mechanism 15 of an arm direction changing device 16 at the front part.

A pullable arm 9 of rectangular or square cross section forms a portal and is connected at 19 to the rear of the rotation axis 5.
The book leg 17 terminates at its base and can straddle the base of the support arm 6 during lifting (see FIG. 3).

The mechanization of the upper part of the crane is fixed by the primary.

- An arm lifting winch 20 attached to the rear of the equipment platform 7. This winch operates the winding of a lifting cable 21 which connects the tip of the lifting arm 9 to the drum 22 of this winch through a pulley 23 arranged on the top of the support arm 6.

A load winch 24° also mounted on the equipment platform 7. This winch is arranged at the top of the lifting cable 25 of the drum 26, the angle corrector 27 and the support arm 6, with the hook 29 and the support arm 6 on which the load is hung. The lifting cable 25 passes through a pulley 28 forming a double pulley through the tip of the arm 9 that can be lifted up between the
Operate the winding.

The dead weight of the hoistable arm 9 is absorbed by a counterbalance f1 movably mounted inside the beam 10 of the equipment platform 7.
! 8, the platform 7 has an inclination α towards the front, the front end of which is lower than the rear end.

As shown in FIG. 6, the counterweight 8 consists of a plurality of components 18 suspended side by side below the equipment platform 7 by casters 30 that move on beams 10. In a stable position, the counterweight 8 is attached to the device platform 7
is supported by a set of two cables 31 symmetrically placed on either side of the.

The cable 31 is connected at 32 to the counterweight component 18 located closest to the tower 1 and to the upper frame 34 of the leg of the hoistable arm 9 to a pulley 35 and a pulley 35 located at the rear of the equipment platform 7. 33 passing condylarly through a pulley 36 placed at an intermediate height on the posterior connecting brace 14.
It is fixed at .

The arm direction changing device 16 shown in FIG. 6 consists of the link mechanism 15 and two tappets 37 mentioned above.

The linkage 15 is connected by a rigid set 38 of two connecting rods 39 and an articulating shaft 42 forming an isosceles triangle whose small sides are connected at 40 approximately half the height of the support arm 6. and two other connecting rods 41 connected by suspension axles 43 to two support points 44 symmetrically fixed to the beam 10 towards the front end of the device platform 7. 2
The book tappet 37 is connected at a first end to a shaft 42 connecting the two parts 38 and 41 of the linkage 15 6
In the normal working position, the linkage 15 forms a plane, and the two tappets 37 are freely mounted on a support 45 fixed in a predetermined position on the front side of the support arm 6 (the (See Figure 2).

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the connection between the device platform 7 and the rotating shaft 5 is made by assembling fl'J 11 in the cover 46 by means of the connecting shaft 13. As shown in FIGS. The articulating shaft 13 has two diameters, the larger diameter part 47 having two large flat surfaces 48 parallel to each other over its entire length, so that each shaft 13 located in the hole 12 of the canopy 11 has two diameters.
A second diameter constituting the central portion 47 of and smaller than the spacing between the flat surfaces 48 is the diameter of the two end portions 49 of the shaft 13;
a ring 52 with a diameter at least equal to the diameter of the central portion 47;
between the two branches 50.51 of the cover 46.
can be attached to. The hole 12 of the housing 11 is double-sided and rectangular, with the hole 12 having a larger thickness in the center.
Each slide plate 53 is provided with a number of sliding plates 53. The sliding plate 53 is
The flat surface 4 of the shaft 13 is arranged vertically in the hole 12 on both sides.
The cover 46 is connected to the rotating shaft 5.

The operation of the crane described so far appears to be first-order.

In the position shown in FIG. 2, the hoistable arm 9 is in a low position and exerts a maximum reversing moment on the front part of the crane. In order to balance this moment, the counterweight 8 is then in the furthest position on the device platform and is stopped in this position by the cable 31. In this position, the linkage 15 forms a plane and the connecting shaft 13
1, the slope α is at its maximum value.

Raise arm 9. During this period, the reversing moment at the front of the crane exerted by the arm 9 becomes progressively smaller, and this reduction is influenced by a tangential component due to the inclination of the counterweight itself, i.e. a component parallel to the platform 7. The cable 31 remains taut, counterbalanced by the forward movement of the counterweight 8 along the equipment platform 7. As arm 9 rises,
The distance of the fixed point 33 from the pulley 36 becomes smaller and the counterweight 8 approaches the vertical tower 1 accordingly.

At the end of the lifting, the arm 9 comes into contact with the tappet 37 via support means 54 fixed to the leg 17 of the arm, as shown in FIG. At least one of the two tappets is adjustable in length, for example by means of a screw head 55, and support means 54 cooperating with the free ends 56, 57 of the tappets 37 ensure that the contact of the arms on the two tappets 37 is , simultaneously and safely form the funnel-shaped guide 58.

While the arm 9 continues to rise, the force exerted on the tappet 37 increases, causing the articulation shaft 42 of the linkage 15 to move backwards, while the counterweight 8 approaches the vertical tower 1 This continues, exerting an increasingly large force on the suspension shaft 43 of the platform, that is, on the link mechanism 15.

This will further increase the resistance provided by tappet 37.

While moving rearwardly, the articulation shaft 42 of the tappet 37 causes the front part of the device platform 7 to rise across the sliding hole 12 with guidance by the articulation shaft 13 via the linkage 15 .

In the final position, the linkage 15 no longer forms a single plane, as shown in FIG.
3 is a hole 1 provided in the treetop 11 of the device platform 7;
2, then the slope α is at its minimum value. In the final position, the shaft 13 does not abut the end of the hole 12. The device platform 7 therefore remains permanently suspended on the support arm 6.

The combined action of the movement of the counterbalance 118 and the deformation of the linkage 15 causes the tappet 37 to continue to pull the arm 9 forward beyond its safe position.
returns arm 9 to the front. A balanced result is obtained when the arm 9 is forced towards the rear of the crane by the action of the wind from the front.

Arm direction changing device 1 separate from the moving device for the counterweight 8
A crane with a hoistable arm 6 is thus realized, the operation of which is such that the arm 9 in the hoisted position is firmly balanced without causing unstoppable vibrations due to normal work or wind. Combine the device platform and the position of the counterweight 8 so that the

It goes without saying that the invention is not limited only to the embodiment of the hoistable arm crane described above by way of example, but on the contrary includes all construction and application variants respecting the same principles. In particular, the following are not excluded from the scope of this invention:

(1) the connection with the rotational axis of the equipment platform is made by a hole provided in the rotational axis instead of the equipment platform or by a functionally equivalent sliding device; (1) the shape of the connection axis with the rotational axis of the equipment platform is changed; to modify, - to be able to do more or less higher, to be able to make more or less progress 40
and modifying the articulation position such as 43; - attempting to provide hoists different from hoistable arm cranes, in particular mobile cranes on wheels or on tracks, with the same arm deflection device;

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a general side view of the crane of the invention showing the two positions of the hoistable arm; FIG. 2 is a simplified side view of the high part of the crane with the arm lowered; FIG. Figure 4 is a simplified plan view of the same elevated part of the crane as in Figure 2; Figure 4 is Figure 2 showing the arm in the raised position where it is about to contact the tappet of the arm deflector; Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 showing the arm in its most raised position and the action of the arm redirection device on the equipment platform;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a counterweight movement control device and an arm direction changing device, and FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view. FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the connection between the device platform and the rotating shaft, and FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view taken along the lines 1--2 of the connection assembled by the elements seen in FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the tappet end cooperating with support means provided on the arm; FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Vertical tower, 2... Fixed axis, 3... Orientation device, 4... Rotating part, 5... Rotating part, 6... Support arm, 7... Equipment platform, 8... Counterweight, 9... Arm that can be pulled up, 10... Beam,
11... Storage, 12... Hole, 13... Connection shaft, 1
4... Connecting brace, 15... Link mechanism, 16...
- Arm direction changing device, 20... Arm lifting winch, 21... Pulling cable, 24... Load lifting winch, 25... Lifting cable, 31... Counterweight cable, 37... Tappet ,
39.41...Connecting rod, 42...Connecting shaft, 43...
- Suspension shaft, 44... Support point, 45... Supporting part, 46... Cover, 54... Supporting means, 55
...screw head, 58...funnel-shaped guide. IG-4 Procedural amendment (method) % formula % Indication of the case relationship

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotation axis (5) resting on a support structure such as a vertical axis (1), a support arm (6) rigidly connected to the rotation axis (5) and tilted backwards, a rotation A device platform (8) connected to the rear of the shaft (5) and mounted in a rolling manner with a counterweight (8) movable from front to rear and vice versa.
7), connecting the counterweight (8) to the base (19) of the arm (9) along the arm lifting means (20), the load lifting means (24) and the slightly forwardly inclined equipment platform (7); In a crane with a hoistable arm, which moves a counterweight (8) by means of one or more cables (31), the equipment platform (7) is connected at its rear by a connecting brace (14), is part of an arm deflection device (16) further comprising a tappet (37) supported on the linkage (15), which is connected to the support arm (6) via a support carry (45). It is suspended by a link mechanism (15) that is held stationary in position, and in its front part there is a sliding groove that is approximately perpendicular to the horizontal connecting axis (13) with the rotation axis (5) or vice versa. The leg (17) of the arm has support means (54) cooperating with the free end of the tappet (37) when the arm (9) is in the raised position. A crane with a hoistable arm having an arm direction change device. 2. Link mechanism (15) of arm direction changing device (16)
consists of a rigid set (38) of two connecting rods (39) forming an isosceles triangle, the small side of the isosceles triangle being connected at (40) below the support arm (6) and the other The two connecting rods (41) are connected at their first ends (42) to the long sides of the rigid set (38) forming a trapezoid and at their other ends (43) to the equipment platform (7). articulated with supports (44) fixed symmetrically on both sides of the front part, the linkage (15) also being assembled in such a way that said linkage (15) is flat in the normal working position; A crane with a hoistable arm according to claim 1. 3. The tappet (37) of the arm direction changer (16) is connected at its first end to the articulation shaft (42) connecting the two parts (38, 41) of the linkage (15). A crane with a hoistable arm according to claim 2. 4. A crane with a hoistable arm according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the tappets (37) is adjustable in length. 5. Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support means (54) of the arm leg (17) cooperating with the free ends (56, 57) of the tappet (37) form a funnel-shaped guide (58). 4. The crane with a hoistable arm according to any one of 4. 6. Means for forming a sliding groove substantially perpendicular to the connecting axis (13) between the rotating axis (5) and the device platform (7),
Crane with hoistable arm according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is constituted by a vertical hole (12). 7. The connection between the rotating shaft (5) and the front part of the equipment platform (7) is made from two sets of covers (46) and (11) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating part (4) of the crane. The end of the beam (10) of the equipment platform (7) forms ■(11), while the overhanging end of the rotating shaft (5) forms a cover (46), and the cover (46) and ■(11) ) are connected by shafts (13) with two different diameters, the larger diameter part (47) furthermore having two large flat surfaces (48) parallel throughout its length, ■( 11) constitutes the central part of the shaft (13) located in the hole (12) provided in the shaft (11), while a second diameter smaller than the spacing of the flat surfaces (48) forms the two terminal ends of the shaft (49), and these end portions are the diameter of the central portion (49).
The two branches (50, 5) of the cover (46) are separated by a ring (52) of diameter at least equal to the diameter of
1) The crane with a hoistable arm according to claim 6, wherein the crane is attached to a crane with a hoistable arm. 8. Hole (12) of ■ (11) on the equipment platform (7)
) is double and rectangular and each comprises two sliding plates (53) with a greater thickness in the center, which slide plates are inserted into the holes (12) on both sides. 8. The plate according to claim 7, characterized in that it is arranged vertically and is arranged so as to provide between both plates a space of a constant size equal to the spacing (d) of the flat surfaces (48) of the connecting shaft (13). A crane with a liftable arm. 9. A device for moving a counterweight (8) along a forwardly inclined device platform (7) is connected to two cables (
(31), their cables are connected to the component (18) of the counterweight located closest to the tower (1) at (32) and to the upper frame (34) of the leg of the hoistable arm (9). ) is passed sequentially through a pulley (35) located at the rear of the equipment platform (7) and a pulley (36) located at intermediate height on the rear connecting brace (14).
). Claims 1 to 8 are characterized in that:
A crane with a hoistable arm according to any one of the above.