JPH02192102A - Permanent magnet - Google Patents
Permanent magnetInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02192102A JPH02192102A JP1009854A JP985489A JPH02192102A JP H02192102 A JPH02192102 A JP H02192102A JP 1009854 A JP1009854 A JP 1009854A JP 985489 A JP985489 A JP 985489A JP H02192102 A JPH02192102 A JP H02192102A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- rare
- magnet
- kind selected
- earth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［発明の目的］ （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は永久磁石に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to permanent magnets.
（従来の技術）
従来、希土類系の永久磁石としてはＳｍ−Ｃｏ系あるい
はＮｄＦｅＢ系が知られている。しかしながら、Ｓｍ−
Ｃｏ系。磁石は希土類鉱石中にあまり含まれてないＳｍ
を多量に使用するため、非常に高価である。またＮｄＦ
ｅＢ系は１５０に以下の温度でスピン再配列に起因する
と思われる角型性の異常が見られ、低温度域での使用に
は大きな問題があるほか、Ｂを含有するために製造時に
有毒なり含有化合物が生成する可能性も指摘されている
。(Prior Art) Conventionally, Sm--Co or NdFeB-based permanent magnets are known as rare earth-based permanent magnets. However, Sm-
Co-based. Magnets are made of Sm, which is not very contained in rare earth ores.
It is very expensive because it uses a large amount of. Also NdF
In the eB series, abnormalities in squareness, which are thought to be caused by spin rearrangement, are observed at temperatures below 150, which poses a major problem when used in low temperature ranges, and because it contains B, it is toxic during manufacturing. It has also been pointed out that contained compounds may be generated.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
本発明は以上の点を考慮してなされたものであり、必ず
しも高価なＳｍを使う必要がなく、また液体チッ素温度
でも使用可能で、Ｂを含まない希土類系永久磁石を提供
することを目的とする。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and it does not necessarily require the use of expensive Sm, can be used even at liquid nitrogen temperatures, and uses rare earth elements that do not contain B. The purpose is to provide a system permanent magnet.
［発明の構成］
（課題を解決するための手段及び作用）本発明は、原子
比であられした時に、
（ＲＭ ） Ｃｏ Ｆ ｅｌｏ ｏ−ｙ 、、
、ｚ−ｘｘｙｚ
なる組成を有することを特徴とする永久磁石である。[Structure of the Invention] (Means and Effects for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides that when the atomic ratio is reduced, (RM) Co Felo o-y,
, z-xxyz.
本発明の永久磁石は必ずしも磁気的に単相である必要は
ないが、磁性相の１つとしてＴｂＣｕ７型と推定される
六方晶系の金属相が存在する。本発明者らはＺｒ及びＨ
ｆはこのＴ ｂ Ｃｕ ７型の金属相をＦｅとＣｏの巾
広い組成比にわたって安定化するのに極めて有効である
ことを見出した。Although the permanent magnet of the present invention does not necessarily have to be magnetically single-phase, it has a hexagonal metal phase estimated to be TbCu7 type as one of the magnetic phases. The inventors have discovered that Zr and H
It has been found that f is extremely effective in stabilizing this T b Cu 7 type metal phase over a wide range of composition ratios of Fe and Co.
ＺｒとＨｆはＴｂＣｕ７型金属相を安定化するための必
須成分であるがＸが０．０１を下回ると十分な安定化が
困難であり、０．７を超えると高い保磁力が得られない
。また、ｙが４を下回ると保磁力が低下し、３０を超え
ると磁束密度の低下が顕著になるほか、高価な希土類元
素を多量に使用するため、実用上好ましくない。Ｃｏは
キュリー温度を向上させ温度特性を良好にするために有
効な元素であり、好ましくはＺ≧１０であることが望ま
しい。Zr and Hf are essential components for stabilizing the TbCu7 type metal phase, but if X is less than 0.01, it is difficult to achieve sufficient stabilization, and if X exceeds 0.7, high coercive force cannot be obtained. Furthermore, when y is less than 4, the coercive force decreases, and when y exceeds 30, the decrease in magnetic flux density becomes significant, and a large amount of expensive rare earth elements are used, which is not preferred in practice. Co is an effective element for improving the Curie temperature and improving temperature characteristics, and preferably Z≧10.
なお、ＲとしてはＰｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｄｙ、Ｔｂ特にＰｒが好
ましい。Ｐｒの場合、Ｆｅに比べＣｏリッチの組成で優
れた磁気特性を示す。Note that R is preferably Pr, Nd, Dy, or Tb, particularly Pr. In the case of Pr, a Co-rich composition exhibits superior magnetic properties compared to Fe.
本磁石は、その低酸素等の不可避的不純物を含有するこ
とは言うまでもない。。It goes without saying that this magnet contains unavoidable impurities such as low oxygen. .
本発明の磁石を構成するＦｅ及びＣＯの一部をＡｌｌ、
Ｇａ、Ｔｉ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｖ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ。All of Fe and CO constituting the magnet of the present invention,
Ga, Ti, Nb, Ta, V, Mn, Mo.
Ｗ、Ｒｕ、Ｒｈ、Ｒｅ、Ｐｄ、Ｏｓ、Ｉ ｒ、ＣＰ、Ｓ
ｔ等で置換することもできる。その量は３０原子％まで
であり、多すぎると（ＢＨ）ｍａｘの低下等特性劣化の
原因となる。W, Ru, Rh, Re, Pd, Os, I r, CP, S
It can also be replaced with t, etc. The amount is up to 30 atomic %, and if it is too large, it causes property deterioration such as a decrease in (BH)max.
本願磁石は例えば８湯急冷法により製造することができ
る。即ち、所望の組成に原料を配合し、これらを混合溶
融して所望の合金を作成する。この場合Ｃａ還元法等の
方法により原材料を作成しく３）
てもよいし又、この工程を省略し、溶融前の単元素金属
の混合物を次工程の原材料として用いてもよい。得られ
た原材料は、加熱、溶融され回転冷却体上に噴出されて
急冷、薄帯化される。この急冷薄帯を例えば平均粒径５
〜８００μｍ程度に粉砕する。この急冷工程は例えばガ
スアトマイズ法のような方法で代替してもよい。得られ
た急冷粉末を、エポキシ、ナイロン等の樹脂と混練して
、所望形状に成型して永久磁石を得ることができる。The magnet of the present invention can be manufactured by, for example, an 8-hot water quenching method. That is, raw materials are blended into a desired composition, mixed and melted to create a desired alloy. In this case, the raw material may be prepared by a method such as the Ca reduction method (3), or this step may be omitted and a mixture of single element metals before melting may be used as the raw material for the next step. The obtained raw material is heated, melted, and ejected onto a rotating cooling body, where it is rapidly cooled and formed into a thin ribbon. For example, the average particle size of this quenched ribbon is 5.
Grind to about 800 μm. This quenching step may be replaced by a method such as gas atomization. The obtained quenched powder can be kneaded with a resin such as epoxy or nylon and molded into a desired shape to obtain a permanent magnet.
また、上記製造方法例では急冷法を挙げたが、本願磁石
の製造方法はこれに限らない。Further, although the above manufacturing method example uses a quenching method, the method for manufacturing the magnet of the present application is not limited to this.
（実施例） 実施例１ 原子分率で１２ａ ｔ％のＰｒ、４ａｔ％のＺｒ。(Example) Example 1 Pr with an atomic fraction of 12 at% and Zr with an atomic fraction of 4 at%.
残部Ｃｏとなるように各元素を配合し、Ａｒ雰囲気中で
水冷銅ボートを用いてアーク溶解した。得られた磁石合
金をＡ「雰囲気中で高周波により加熱、溶解し、回転す
る銅ロール上に噴出して薄帯を得た、得られた薄帯を平
均粒径２００μｍに粉砕し、エポキシ樹脂と混練した後
所定の押型に充填して８ｔｏｎ／ｃ−の圧力で圧縮成型
１５０９Ｃ，１時間のキュア処理を施した。その時得ら
れた室温での磁気特性はＢ ｒ −５，２ｋＧ、 、
Ｈｅ−５，２ｋＯｅ、 （ＢＨ） ｗａｘ −ｆｉ、
ｌ ＭＧＯｅであった。Each element was blended so that the balance was Co, and arc melted using a water-cooled copper boat in an Ar atmosphere. The obtained magnetic alloy was heated and melted by high frequency in an atmosphere of A, and then ejected onto a rotating copper roll to obtain a ribbon. After kneading, it was filled into a predetermined mold and compression molded at a pressure of 8 tons/c-1509C and cured for 1 hour.The magnetic properties at room temperature obtained at that time were B r -5, 2 kG,
He-5,2kOe, (BH) wax-fi,
l MGOe.
また、本磁石を７７ｋまで冷却してその減磁曲線を調べ
た結果、角型に異常は認められず、液体チッ素温度まで
十分使用可能であることが判った。Further, as a result of cooling this magnet to 77K and examining its demagnetization curve, no abnormality was observed in the square shape, and it was found that it can be used satisfactorily up to the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
実施例２
実施例１と同様の方法で第１表の組成の合金を出厚原料
とする永久磁石を作製し、その磁気特性を測定した、そ
の結果は第２表の通りである。Example 2 Permanent magnets were produced using alloys having the compositions shown in Table 1 as raw materials in the same manner as in Example 1, and their magnetic properties were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
以下余白
第
表
［発明の効果コ
以上詳述した如く、本発明によれば、高価なＳｍや製造
時に有毒化合物の生成する恐れのあるＢを使用すること
なく、かつ、低温でも角型の異常が生じない高性能希土
類磁石を提供することができ、その工業的価値は極めて
大きなものである。Below is a blank table [Effects of the invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to eliminate the use of expensive Sm or B, which may generate toxic compounds during manufacturing, and to maintain the irregular square shape even at low temperatures. It is possible to provide a high-performance rare earth magnet that does not generate any oxidation, and its industrial value is extremely large.
Claims (1)
＿０＿０＿−＿ｙ＿−＿ｚ（原子比） （Ｍ：Ｚｒ及びＨｆの少なくとも一種 Ｒ：Ｙ及び希土類元素の少なくとも一種 ０．０１≦ｘ≦０．７ ４≦ｙ≦３０ ０＜ｚ≦９６） で示される組成を有することを特徴とする永久磁石。(1) (R_1_-_xM_x)_yCo_zFe_1
_0_0_-_y_-_z (atomic ratio) (M: at least one of Zr and Hf R: at least one of Y and rare earth elements 0.01≦x≦0.7 4≦y≦30 0<z≦96) A permanent magnet characterized by having a composition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1009854A JP3053187B2 (en) | 1989-01-20 | 1989-01-20 | Manufacturing method of permanent magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1009854A JP3053187B2 (en) | 1989-01-20 | 1989-01-20 | Manufacturing method of permanent magnet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02192102A true JPH02192102A (en) | 1990-07-27 |
| JP3053187B2 JP3053187B2 (en) | 2000-06-19 |
Family
ID=11731722
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1009854A Expired - Lifetime JP3053187B2 (en) | 1989-01-20 | 1989-01-20 | Manufacturing method of permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3053187B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07226310A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1995-08-22 | Toshiba Corp | Magnetic material |
| US5456769A (en) * | 1993-03-10 | 1995-10-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic material |
| US5482573A (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1996-01-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic material |
| US5549766A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1996-08-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic material |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62241304A (en) * | 1986-04-12 | 1987-10-22 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Rare earth permanent magnet |
-
1989
- 1989-01-20 JP JP1009854A patent/JP3053187B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62241304A (en) * | 1986-04-12 | 1987-10-22 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Rare earth permanent magnet |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5482573A (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1996-01-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic material |
| US5456769A (en) * | 1993-03-10 | 1995-10-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic material |
| US5549766A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1996-08-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic material |
| JPH07226310A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1995-08-22 | Toshiba Corp | Magnetic material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3053187B2 (en) | 2000-06-19 |
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