JPH02168208A - Optical fiber coupler and its production - Google Patents
Optical fiber coupler and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02168208A JPH02168208A JP32453988A JP32453988A JPH02168208A JP H02168208 A JPH02168208 A JP H02168208A JP 32453988 A JP32453988 A JP 32453988A JP 32453988 A JP32453988 A JP 32453988A JP H02168208 A JPH02168208 A JP H02168208A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- core
- coupler
- optical
- polished
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 7
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101150029237 Il11 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
- G02B6/2843—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals the couplers having polarisation maintaining or holding properties
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
この発明は、−木の光ファイバに入射した光信号を他の
光ファイバのボートに分岐したり、２本の光ファイバに
入射した光信号を結合させる際に使用される光フアイバ
カブラに関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" This invention is applicable to - branching an optical signal incident on a wooden optical fiber to another optical fiber boat, and branching an optical signal incident on two optical fibers; The present invention relates to an optical fiber coupler used when bonding.
「従来の技術」
従来、光信号を結合または分岐する際などに使用される
光フアイバカブラの製造方法としては、複数本の光ファ
イバを並列して一部を加熱融着し、更に延伸して融着延
伸部を形成して光フアイバカブラを作製する方法（以下
、融着延伸法という）や、一部の側面をコア近傍まで研
摩して研摩面を形成してなる２本の光ファイバを、各々
の研摩面を接触させた状態で固定して光フアイバカブラ
を作製する方法（以下、研摩法という）などが知られて
いる。``Prior Art'' Conventionally, the manufacturing method for optical fiber couplers used for coupling or branching optical signals has been to arrange multiple optical fibers in parallel, heat-fuse some of them, and then stretch and fuse them. There is a method of manufacturing an optical fiber coupler by forming a bonded and drawn portion (hereinafter referred to as the fused drawing method), and a method of forming two optical fibers by polishing some of the side surfaces to the vicinity of the core to form a polished surface. A known method is to produce an optical fiber absorber by fixing the polished surfaces of the fibers in contact with each other (hereinafter referred to as the "polishing method").
［発明が解決しようとする課題」
しかしながら、光ファイバとして偏波保持光ファイバを
用い、従来法により光フアイバカブラを作製する場合に
は、次のような問題があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when an optical fiber coupler is manufactured by a conventional method using a polarization-maintaining optical fiber as an optical fiber, there are the following problems.
融着延伸法では、各光ファイバの各々の偏波軸を揃える
ことが難しいために、損失増加が生じ易く、特に延伸さ
れて細くなった融着延伸部では、応力付与部の影響が強
く表れることによって過剰損失が大きくなってしまう問
題があった。In the fusion-stretching method, it is difficult to align the polarization axes of each optical fiber, so loss tends to increase, and the influence of the stress-applying part is particularly strong in the fusion-stretched part where the fibers are stretched thinner. Therefore, there was a problem in that excessive losses became large.
また、研摩法においては、２本の光ファイバを固定する
に際し、各研摩面間にマツチングオイルを注入させるが
、マツチングオイルを注入することにより光フアイバカ
プラの温度に対する光結合特性の依存性が大きくなって
しまう問題があった。In addition, in the polishing method, when fixing two optical fibers, matching oil is injected between each polished surface, but by injecting matching oil, the dependence of the optical coupling characteristics on the temperature of the optical fiber coupler can be improved. There was a problem that the size of the image became large.
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、光ファイ
バとして偏波保持光ファイバを用いた場合でも、低損失
で、光結合特性の温度依存性が小さな高性能の光フアイ
バカプラの提供を目的としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a high-performance optical fiber coupler with low loss and small temperature dependence of optical coupling characteristics even when a polarization-maintaining optical fiber is used as the optical fiber. The purpose is
「課題を解決するための手段」
上記目的達成の手段として、請求項１記載の発明は、一
部の側面をコア近傍まで研摩した光ファイバの研摩面と
、光ファイバの一部の表面部分をエツチング除去して細
径部を形成してなる光ファイバの細径部とを融着ｕしめ
て融着部を形成して光フアイバカプラを構成したもので
ある。"Means for Solving the Problem" As a means for achieving the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides a polished surface of an optical fiber in which a part of the side surface is polished to the vicinity of the core, and a part of the surface part of the optical fiber. An optical fiber coupler is constructed by fusion-bonding the thin-diameter portion of an optical fiber obtained by removing etching to form a thin-diameter portion to form a fused portion.
また、上記構成の光ファイバカプラの製造方法としては
、請求項２記載の発明の、Ｌうに、１１４付基体の溝内
に第１の先ファイバを埋設固定し、次いで該溝付基体の
溝側の面を研摩して、第１の光ファイバの一部の側面を
コア近傍まで研摩して研摩面を形成し、一方、光ファイ
バの一部の表面部分をエツチング除去して細径部を形成
して第２の光ファイバを作製し、次いで一ヒ記第１の光
ファイバの研摩面に第２の光ファイバの細径部を添設し
、続いて接触部分を加熱融着させる製造方法が好適であ
る。Further, as a manufacturing method of the optical fiber coupler having the above structure, the first end fiber is embedded and fixed in the groove of the L-shaped base with 114, and then the groove side of the grooved base is fixed. polishing the surface of the first optical fiber, polishing a part of the side surface of the first optical fiber to the vicinity of the core to form a polished surface, and etching away a part of the surface part of the optical fiber to form a narrow diameter part. A manufacturing method includes manufacturing a second optical fiber, attaching a narrow diameter portion of the second optical fiber to the polished surface of the first optical fiber, and then heating and fusing the contact portion. suitable.
「作用 」
一部の側面をコア近傍間で研摩した光ファイバの研摩面
と、光ファイバの一部の表面部分をエツチング除去して
細径部を形成してなる光ファイバの細径部とを融着せし
めて融着部を形成するので、光ファイバとして偏波保持
光ファイバを用いる場合に各々のコア間に屈折率の低い
応力付与部を存在させないことが容易である。また、各
光ファイバを融着せしめて光フアイバカプラを構成する
ので、マツチングオイルが不要となり、温度変化に対す
る光結合特性の変化が少なくなる。"Operation" A polished surface of an optical fiber whose part of the side surface is polished near the core, and a narrow diameter part of the optical fiber which is formed by etching away a part of the surface part of the optical fiber. Since the fused portion is formed by fusion bonding, it is easy to prevent the presence of a stress applying portion having a low refractive index between each core when a polarization maintaining optical fiber is used as the optical fiber. Furthermore, since the optical fiber coupler is constructed by fusing each optical fiber, matching oil is not required, and changes in optical coupling characteristics due to temperature changes are reduced.
「実施例」
第１図および第２図は、請求項Ｉ記載の発明の一実施例
を示す図であって、符号１は光フアイバカプラである。"Embodiment" FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the invention as claimed in claim I, in which reference numeral 1 represents an optical fiber coupler.
この光フアイバカプラｌは、溝付基体２の溝３内に固定
され、一部の側面をコア４ａの近傍まで研摩した第１の
光ファイバ５の研摩面６と、光ファイバの一部の表面部
分をエツチング除去して細径部７を形成してなる第２の
光ファイバ８の細径部７とを融着させて融着部９を形成
して構成されている。This optical fiber coupler l is fixed in a groove 3 of a grooved base 2, and has a polished surface 6 of a first optical fiber 5 whose part of the side surface has been polished to the vicinity of the core 4a, and a part of the surface of the optical fiber. A fused portion 9 is formed by fusion-bonding the thin diameter portion 7 of a second optical fiber 8, which is formed by etching away a portion of the second optical fiber 8 to form the narrow diameter portion 7.
上記第１の光ファイバ５および第２の光ファイバ８とし
ては、第３図に示すように、中心部のコア４と、その両
側部に配された２つの応力付与部ｌＯと、これらを囲む
クラッド１にとを備えてなる偏波保持光ファイバが使用
されている。As shown in FIG. 3, the first optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 8 include a core 4 at the center, two stress-applying parts 1O arranged on both sides of the core 4, and a core 4 surrounding them. A polarization maintaining optical fiber having a cladding 1 and a polarization maintaining optical fiber is used.
第２の光ファイバ８に形成された細径部７は、偏波保持
光ファイバの一部の表面部分を、フッ酸等の腐蝕液を用
いてエツチング除去して形成され、他のファイバ部分よ
りもコア４ｂからファイバ表面までの厚みが薄くなって
いる。The narrow diameter part 7 formed in the second optical fiber 8 is formed by etching a part of the surface part of the polarization maintaining optical fiber using a corrosive solution such as hydrofluoric acid, and is made from other parts of the optical fiber. Also, the thickness from the core 4b to the fiber surface is thin.
上記融着部９は、第１の光ファイバ５の研摩面６に、第
２の光ファイバ８の細径部７が加熱融着されており、こ
の融着部９では各々の光ファイバ５．８のコア４ａ、４
ｂが接近し、各々の光ファイバ５．８間の光結合が可能
な状態になっている。すなわち、この融着部９では、一
方の先ファイバ内を伝搬する光信号を他方の光ファイバ
に分岐する入射光の分岐あるいは複数のボートから入射
された光の結合が行なわれるようになっている。In the fused portion 9, the narrow diameter portion 7 of the second optical fiber 8 is heat fused to the polished surface 6 of the first optical fiber 5, and in this fused portion 9, each optical fiber 5. 8 cores 4a, 4
b are approaching each other, and optical coupling between the respective optical fibers 5.8 is possible. That is, in this fusion part 9, an optical signal propagating in one end fiber is branched into the other optical fiber, or incident light is branched, or light incident from a plurality of boats is combined. .
この例による光フアイバカプラｌは、光の結合が起こる
谷々のコア４ａ、４ｂ間に、屈折率の低い応力付与部ｌ
Ｏを存在させないことが容易であるため、過剰損失を小
さく押さえることができる。The optical fiber coupler l according to this example has a stress applying portion l with a low refractive index between the cores 4a and 4b in the valley where light coupling occurs.
Since it is easy to eliminate the presence of O, excess loss can be kept small.
また、融着により第１の光ファイバ５と第２の光ファイ
バ８を固定しているため、温度に対する特性の依存性を
小さくすることができる。Furthermore, since the first optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 8 are fixed by fusion, the dependence of the characteristics on temperature can be reduced.
次に、請求項２記載の発明による製造方法を、先の実施
例による光フアイバカブラｌの作製に適用さＵた場合を
例にして説明する°。上記光フアイバカプラｌを作製す
るには、まず、第４図に示すように、溝付基体２の溝３
内に、偏波保持光ファイバである第１の光ファイバ５を
入れ、更に潜３内に接着剤を注入、固化させて溝付基体
２に第１の光ファイバ５を埋設固定する。この溝付基体
２の材料としては、溝３内に埋設固定した第１の光ファ
イバ５の偏波軸の位置合わせを行う関係上、石英などの
透明材料が好適に使用される。また溝付基体２の溝３は
、中央部が浅く、両端部が深くなるように所定の曲率を
もって形成されている。Next, the manufacturing method according to the second aspect of the invention will be explained using an example in which it is applied to the manufacturing of the optical fiber coupler I according to the previous embodiment. In order to produce the above-mentioned optical fiber coupler l, first, as shown in FIG.
A first optical fiber 5, which is a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, is inserted into the grooved substrate 2, and an adhesive is further injected into the grooved substrate 3 and solidified to embed and fix the first optical fiber 5 in the grooved base 2. As the material of the grooved base 2, a transparent material such as quartz is preferably used in order to align the polarization axis of the first optical fiber 5 embedded and fixed in the groove 3. Further, the grooves 3 of the grooved base body 2 are formed with a predetermined curvature so that the center part is shallow and the both ends are deep.
溝付基体２に埋設固定される第１の光ファイバ５は、そ
の偏波軸方向を正確に揃えておく必要があり、この例で
は第１の先ファイバの２つの応力付与部ｌＯが研摩面６
と平行になるように位置調整を行う。この位置調整は、
溝３内に第１の光ファイバ５を入れ、溝付基体２に光を
照射して溝３内の光ファイバ５を顕微鏡を用いて観察し
、屈折率が低いために黒く見える応力付与部９および屈
折率が高いために白く輝いて見えるコア４ａを目印とし
、光ファイバ５の偏波軸方向を調整することにより容易
に行うことができる。The first optical fiber 5 embedded and fixed in the grooved base 2 needs to have its polarization axis direction accurately aligned, and in this example, the two stress applying parts lO of the first end fiber are on the polished surface. 6
Adjust the position so that it is parallel to the This position adjustment is
The first optical fiber 5 is placed in the groove 3, the grooved base 2 is irradiated with light, and the optical fiber 5 in the groove 3 is observed using a microscope, and the stress applying portion 9 appears black due to its low refractive index. This can be easily done by adjusting the direction of the polarization axis of the optical fiber 5 using the core 4a, which appears white and shining because of its high refractive index, as a landmark.
次いで溝付基体２の溝側の面を研摩して、第５図および
第６図に示すように第１の光ファイバ５の側面の一部が
コア４ａ近傍まで研摩された研摩面６を形成する。Next, the groove side surface of the grooved substrate 2 is polished to form a polished surface 6 in which a part of the side surface of the first optical fiber 5 is polished to the vicinity of the core 4a, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. do.
一方、第３図に示すものと同様の偏波保持光ファイバの
中央部を、フッ酸等の腐蝕液に浸して表面部分をエッヂ
ング除去し、第７図に示すように他部よりも細径の細径
部７を形成して第２の光ファイバ８を作製する。On the other hand, the central part of a polarization-maintaining optical fiber similar to the one shown in Figure 3 is dipped in a corrosive solution such as hydrofluoric acid to remove the edging of the surface part, and as shown in Figure 7, the center part is smaller in diameter than the other part. The second optical fiber 8 is manufactured by forming the narrow diameter portion 7 of the second optical fiber 8.
次いで、溝付基体２の第１の光フアイバ５上に、上記第
２の光ファイバ８を載置し、第１の光ファイバ５の研摩
面６と第２の光ファイバ８の細径部７を接触させる。そ
して第２の光ファイバ８を、先の第１の光ファイバ５の
偏波軸方向のｇ１ＶＩ整法の場合と同様に、第２の光フ
ァイバ８を顕微鏡で観察しながら、２つの応力付与部Ｉ
Ｏが研摩面６に対して平行に並ぶように軸合わせを行う
。続いて、第８図に示すように、第１の光ファイバ５と
第２の光ファイバ８の接触部分を、酸水素バーナ１２や
ＣＯｔレーザ等の熱源により加熱融着させる。Next, the second optical fiber 8 is placed on the first optical fiber 5 of the grooved base 2, and the polished surface 6 of the first optical fiber 5 and the narrow diameter portion 7 of the second optical fiber 8 are polished. contact. Then, while observing the second optical fiber 8 with a microscope, as in the case of the g1VI adjustment method in the polarization axis direction of the first optical fiber 5, I
The axes are aligned so that O is aligned parallel to the polishing surface 6. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8, the contact portion between the first optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 8 is heated and fused using a heat source such as an oxyhydrogen burner 12 or a COt laser.
以上の各操作によって第１図および第２図に示す光フア
イバカブラ１が作成される。Through the above operations, the optical fiber coupler 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is created.
なお、先の例では、第２図に示すように、第１の光ファ
イバ５の２つの応力付与部１０と第２の光ファイバ８の
２つの応力付与部１０とが平行状態になるように配置し
たが、各光ファイバ５．８の偏波軸の方向はこれに限定
されることなく、例えば第９図に示すように、第１の光
ファイバ５の２つの応力付与部９を研摩面６に対して垂
直方向に並べて固定し、研摩面において一方の応力付与
部ＩＯを研摩除去するように研摩を施し、この研摩面６
上に第２の光ファイバ８を添設し、融着しても良い。In the previous example, as shown in FIG. 2, the two stress applying parts 10 of the first optical fiber 5 and the two stress applying parts 10 of the second optical fiber 8 are arranged in parallel. However, the direction of the polarization axis of each optical fiber 5.8 is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 and fixed in the vertical direction, and polishing is performed so as to remove one stress applying part IO on the polished surface, and this polished surface 6
A second optical fiber 8 may be added on top and fused.
また、先の例では、第１の光ファイバ５および第２の光
ファイバに偏波保持光ファイバを用いたが、光ファイバ
としては偏波保持光ファイバに限定されることなく、通
常のシングルモードファイバやグレーテッドインデック
ス型ファイバ、大口径光ファイバ等の種々の光ファイバ
を用いて先ファイバカプラを構成することもできる。第
１０図は、第１の光ファイバおよび第２の光ファイバに
通常のシングルモード光ファイバ１３．＋４をｌｌい、
先の例と同様に第１の光ファイバ１３に研摩面を形成す
るとともに第２の光ファイバ１４に細径部を形成し、更
に研摩面と細径部を融着さｌることによって光フアイバ
カプラを構成した例を示すものである。Furthermore, in the previous example, polarization-maintaining optical fibers were used as the first optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber, but the optical fibers are not limited to polarization-maintaining optical fibers, and may be ordinary single-mode optical fibers. The end fiber coupler can also be constructed using various optical fibers such as fibers, graded index fibers, and large diameter optical fibers. FIG. 10 shows that the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are conventional single mode optical fibers 13. +4,
As in the previous example, a polished surface is formed on the first optical fiber 13, a narrow diameter portion is formed on the second optical fiber 14, and the polished surface and the narrow diameter portion are fused together to form an optical fiber. This shows an example of a coupler.
「製造例」
Ｇｅ Ｏを添加５ｉｆｔからなるコア（直径８μｍ）と
Ｂ、０．添加５ｉＯｙからなる２つの応力付与部（直径
３５μ鞘）とを５ｉｎｓからなるクラッドで囲んでなる
外径１２５μ蒙の偏波保持光ファイバを、透明石英製の
溝付基体（５ＩＩｌｆｆｉｘ５１１１１ＩｌｘｌＯＩＩ
Ｉｌ１１溝幅１３０μ＋＊、溝深１５Ｇ〜３００μｍ）
の溝内に入れ、接着剤で固定し、次いで溝側の面を研摩
機で研摩して、第４図に示すように溝付基体に固定され
た偏波保持光ファイバに研摩面を形成した。一方、上記
の偏波保持光ファイバを用い、ファイバの中央部をフッ
酸を含む腐蝕液中に浸漬し、直径７０μ論となる゛よう
に表面部分のエッヂング除去を行って細径部を形成して
第２の光ファイバを作製した。"Manufacturing Example" A core (diameter 8 μm) consisting of 5 ift GeO added and B, 0. A polarization-maintaining optical fiber with an outer diameter of 125 μm, in which two stress-applying parts (35μ diameter sheath) made of doped 5iOy are surrounded by a 5ins cladding, is attached to a grooved substrate made of transparent quartz (5IIlffix51111IlxlOII).
Il11 groove width 130μ+*, groove depth 15G~300μm)
The fiber was placed in the groove and fixed with adhesive, and then the surface on the groove side was polished with a polisher to form a polished surface on the polarization-maintaining optical fiber fixed to the grooved base as shown in Figure 4. . On the other hand, using the polarization-maintaining optical fiber described above, the central part of the fiber was immersed in an etchant containing hydrofluoric acid, and the edging of the surface part was removed so that the diameter was approximately 70 μm to form a narrow diameter part. A second optical fiber was produced.
次いで、第１の光ファイバに第２の光ファイバを添設し
て第１の光ファイバの研摩面と第２の光ファイバの細径
部を接触させ、更にこの接触部分を酸水素バーナで加熱
し、各々の光ファイバが離れない状態に融着して、第１
図に示すものと同等構成の光フアイバカプラを作成した
。Next, a second optical fiber is attached to the first optical fiber, the polished surface of the first optical fiber and the narrow diameter portion of the second optical fiber are brought into contact, and this contact portion is further heated with an oxyhydrogen burner. Then, each optical fiber is fused so that it cannot be separated, and
An optical fiber coupler with the same configuration as the one shown in the figure was created.
得られたカプラの過剰損失を測定した結果、０゜１８ｄ
ｌｌと非常に良好であった。また、−８０〜８０℃にお
けるカプラの光結合特性の変化を測定した結果、結合比
は４９．９１％（−８０℃）〜５０．１９％（８０°Ｃ
）（結合比の変動幅が０．２８％）と、温度に対する特
性の依存性が小さいカプラが得られた。As a result of measuring the excess loss of the obtained coupler, it was 0°18d.
It was very good. In addition, as a result of measuring the change in the optical coupling characteristics of the coupler at -80 to 80°C, the coupling ratio was 49.91% (-80°C) to 50.19% (80°C).
) (coupling ratio variation range of 0.28%), and a coupler with small dependence of characteristics on temperature was obtained.
「発明の効果」
本発明は、上述のように構成したことにより、次のよう
な効果を奏する。"Effects of the Invention" The present invention, configured as described above, provides the following effects.
本発明の光ファイバカプラは、光ファイバとして応力付
与部を備えた偏波保持光ファイバを用いる場合に、光の
結合が起こる各々のコア間に、屈折率の低い応力付与部
を存在させないことが容昌であるため、過剰損失を小さ
く押さえることができる。In the optical fiber coupler of the present invention, when a polarization-maintaining optical fiber equipped with a stress-applying portion is used as an optical fiber, the stress-applying portion with a low refractive index does not exist between each core where light is coupled. Since it is easy to use, excess losses can be kept small.
また、融着により第１の光ファイバと第２の光ファイバ
を固定しているため、温度に対する特性の依存性を小さ
くすることができる。Furthermore, since the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are fixed by fusion, the dependence of the characteristics on temperature can be reduced.
第１図および第２図は、請求項１記戦の発明の一実施例
を示す図であって、第１図は光ファイバカプラの側面図
、第２図は融着部の拡大断面図、第３図ないし第８図は
請求項２記載の発明の詳細な説明するだめの図であって
、第３図はこの一例において使用される偏波保持光ファ
イバの斜視図、第４図は溝付基体の溝内に第１の光ファ
イバを入れた状態を示す斜視図、第５図は第１の光ファ
イバに研摩面を形成した状態を示す図、第６図は第５図
の八−Ａ線拡大断面図、第７図は第２の光ファイバを示
す斜視図、第８図は融着時の状態を示す斜視図、第９図
および第１Ｏ図は本発明の他の実施例を示す光フアイバ
カブラの断面図である。
第１図
第２図
１・・・光フアイバカブラ、２・・・溝付基体、３・・
・溝、４ａ、４ｂ・・・コア、５・・・第１の光ファイ
バ、６・・・研摩面、７・・・細径部、８・・・第２の
光ファイバ、９・・・融着部。
第３図
第４図1 and 2 are views showing an embodiment of the invention of claim 1, in which FIG. 1 is a side view of an optical fiber coupler, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a fused part, 3 to 8 are detailed illustrations of the invention claimed in claim 2, in which FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a polarization-maintaining optical fiber used in this example, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing grooves. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the state in which the first optical fiber is inserted into the groove of the attached base, FIG. 5 is a view showing the state in which a polished surface is formed on the first optical fiber, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the second optical fiber, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the state at the time of fusion, and FIGS. 9 and 1O show other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber coupler shown in FIG. Figure 1 Figure 2 1... Optical fiber coupler, 2... Grooved base, 3...
-Groove, 4a, 4b... Core, 5... First optical fiber, 6... Polished surface, 7... Narrow diameter portion, 8... Second optical fiber, 9... Fusion part. Figure 3 Figure 4
Claims (2)
研摩面と、光ファイバの一部の表面部分をエッチング除
去して細径部を形成してなる光ファイバの細径部とを融
着せしめて融着部を形成してなることを特徴とする光フ
ァイバカプラ。(1) The polished surface of an optical fiber whose part of the side surface is polished to the vicinity of the core is fused with the narrow diameter part of the optical fiber which is formed by etching away part of the surface part of the optical fiber. An optical fiber coupler characterized in that it is made by attaching it to form a fused part.
、次いで該溝付基体の溝側の面を研摩して、第１の光フ
ァイバの一部の側面をコア近傍まで研摩して研摩面を形
成し、一方、光ファイバのの一部の表面部分をエッチン
グ除去して細径部を形成して第２の光ファイバを作製し
、次いで上記第１の光ファイバの研摩面に第２の光ファ
イバの細径部を添設し、続いて接触部分を加熱融着させ
ることを特徴とする光ファイバカプラの製造方法。(2) A first optical fiber is buried and fixed in the groove of the grooved base, and then the groove-side surface of the grooved base is polished to polish a part of the side surface of the first optical fiber to the vicinity of the core. A part of the surface of the optical fiber is etched away to form a narrow diameter part to produce a second optical fiber, and then a polished surface of the first optical fiber is formed. 1. A method of manufacturing an optical fiber coupler, which comprises attaching a narrow diameter portion of a second optical fiber to a second optical fiber, and then heating and fusing the contact portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32453988A JPH02168208A (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1988-12-22 | Optical fiber coupler and its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32453988A JPH02168208A (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1988-12-22 | Optical fiber coupler and its production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02168208A true JPH02168208A (en) | 1990-06-28 |
Family
ID=18166931
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32453988A Pending JPH02168208A (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1988-12-22 | Optical fiber coupler and its production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02168208A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5658408A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1997-08-19 | Branson Ultrasonics Corporation | Method for processing workpieces by ultrasonic energy |
| US5855706A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1999-01-05 | Branson Ultrasonics Corporation | Simultaneous amplitude and force profiling during ultrasonic welding of thermoplastic workpieces |
| JP2005187242A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-07-14 | Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd | Etching method for optical fiber |
| JP2012027402A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-09 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Method for manufacturing directional coupler using optical fiber |
| JP2020021088A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2020-02-06 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Optical fiber coupler |
| JP2021167984A (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2021-10-21 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Optical fiber coupler |
-
1988
- 1988-12-22 JP JP32453988A patent/JPH02168208A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5658408A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1997-08-19 | Branson Ultrasonics Corporation | Method for processing workpieces by ultrasonic energy |
| US5855706A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1999-01-05 | Branson Ultrasonics Corporation | Simultaneous amplitude and force profiling during ultrasonic welding of thermoplastic workpieces |
| JP2005187242A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-07-14 | Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd | Etching method for optical fiber |
| JP2012027402A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-09 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Method for manufacturing directional coupler using optical fiber |
| JP2020021088A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2020-02-06 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Optical fiber coupler |
| JP2022084892A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2022-06-07 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Method for manufacturing optical fiber coupler |
| JP2021167984A (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2021-10-21 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Optical fiber coupler |
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