JPH02149254A - 人体の予検及び探知装置 - Google Patents

人体の予検及び探知装置

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Publication number
JPH02149254A
JPH02149254A JP1267936A JP26793689A JPH02149254A JP H02149254 A JPH02149254 A JP H02149254A JP 1267936 A JP1267936 A JP 1267936A JP 26793689 A JP26793689 A JP 26793689A JP H02149254 A JPH02149254 A JP H02149254A
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Prior art keywords
urine
probe
specific gravity
conductivity
detecting
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English (en)
Inventor
Nigel M Goble
ナイジェル マーク ゴウブル
Colin C O Goble
コリン チャールズ オウエン ゴウブル
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Gyrus Medical Ltd
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Gyrus Medical Ltd
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Priority claimed from GB888824001A external-priority patent/GB8824001D0/en
Application filed by Gyrus Medical Ltd filed Critical Gyrus Medical Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/20Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons for measuring urological functions restricted to the evaluation of the urinary system
    • A61B5/201Assessing renal or kidney functions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14507Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • G01N33/493Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material urine

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
  • Slot Machines And Peripheral Devices (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) この発明は腎臓結石の進行素因を検出したり、脱水症を
検出したり、或いは水和治療の効き目を探知するための
人体の予検及び探知に関するものである。
(従来技術の背景) 腎臓結石は先進国に居住する成人特に比較的富裕な人々
及び(又は)座りがちな或いはストレスのかかる業務を
もつ人々の間に広く拡がる健康問題となっている。腎臓
結石は糖蛋白質による沈殿に抗して通常安定化した過飽
和溶液からのカルシウム化合物特にカルシウム蓚酸塩の
沈殿によって惹き起される。ところで、ある要因が過飽
和溶液の安定化機能を低下させると、それにより固形の
カルシウム化合物の付着をもたらす沈殿が生じ、この沈
殿は終局的には蓄積して腎臓又は尿路のどこかに障害を
惹き起す。かかる障害は、一般に激痛と不快感をもたら
し外科による治療を要する。
これまで、1.015以下の尿比重にては、腎臓結石形
成の生来的な傾向その他とは関係なく、カルシウム化合
物は溶液中に維持されることが認められてきた。臨床目
的のために1.015以上の比重によって広く代表され
る所与の尿サンプルの準安定性の上限にては、少くとも
部分的に尿比重が同上限値以下に低下すれば溶解が生し
るものの、固形相が自然に生じ始める。しかして、腎臓
結石症は尿の平均比重力月、015又はそれ以下に維持
されるように充分な水を飲むことによって回避され得る
しかし、このレベルが維持されるようにすることは毎日
後と書に可能なかぎり均等に分けて3〜4リツトルの尿
を生じさせるのに充分なレベルまで流体掻取が増大され
ることを要する。このように、−膜内な予防措置として
流体掻取を上記レベルまで増大することは明らかに実行
不可能である。よって、その新陳代謝又は生き方が腎臓
結石形成の危険をもたらす人々の尿濃度を検出すること
は有用であって、それにより人々は適切な治療行為をし
てその結果を探知し得る。
(発明の目的) この発明の目的は、腎臓結石症の進行素因又は徴候を検
出し、脱水症を検出し、その治療の効果を監視し、さら
に−膜内な水和治療の効き目を探知する非感染の予検装
置及び技法を提供することにある。
(発明の概要) この発明によれば、腎臓結石症又は脱水症の素因を表示
する装置が、尿のサンプルが付着するように尿中に挿入
する探針手段と、尿サンプル中の電解物濃度を測定する
手段と、測定結果を表示する手段を具備して構成されて
いる。この発明は、特有の導電率によって測定される尿
の電解物濃度。
比重及び滲透性には効果的な線形の相互関係が少くとも
関心の範囲を越えて存在しているという現実に基づいて
いる。また、このことが腎臓結石形成又は評価されるべ
き水和レベルに関する病理生理学的過程にさらされてい
る人の程度を検知することを可能にしている。
この発明による予検装置は、望ましくは、尿及びナトリ
ウムNa、水素H,アンモニウムN H4を等を含む泌
尿電解物の特有の導電率を測定する導電性探触子を具備
している。しかして、本発明装置の探触子は尿の流れに
容易に挿入されて尿流が表面張力によって付着する一対
のポイント電極を有する尖頭部を備えている。かかる構
成によれば、電極がサンプルリザーバに収容されている
導電性探針の構成とは異なり、前記探触子の尖頭部が外
部に露出されて容易に清潔に拭き取られる。この場合、
尿のコンダクタンスを測定するために交流の電流が付与
される。ここで読み取られるコンダクタンスは温度を低
下させるにつれ減少するので、前記ポイント電極の電気
回路に温度補正手段を設けるのが望ましい。この場合の
操作温度範囲は大略15〜30°Cである。
温度補正の一手段は二相発振器により交互に切り替えら
れる二つのアナログスイッチを用いて電極励磁を付与す
ることである。この温度補正手段において、上記アナロ
グスイッチの作用は電流波形の半分が前記ポイント電極
に近接して設けたす−ミスタ補正回路網に生じるように
する。しがして、ザーミスタ補正回路網に生じる電圧は
尿のサンプル溶液の温度補正された導電率に比例する。
温度補正の他の手段は、二重ダイオードを差動モードに
て使用することである。この場合、二重ダイオードの温
度係数はバイアス電流によって変化する。二重ダイオー
ドに流れる各電流が相違しているならば、バイアス電圧
の差が正の係数をもつ。この正の係数は、負の係数とは
異なり、複雑な増幅制御を要することなく基準電圧を制
御するのに用いられる。この手法は、上記の二重ダイオ
ードが単一の型として製作され、それぞれが同じ製作上
の変化をもたらされることに他の利点を有している。す
なわち、個々のダイオードの電流、電圧関係における変
化が温度係数に関して補正される。この補正は全体の係
数が絶対値よりもむしろ二つの電流の比に依存すること
によってもたらされる。なお、絶対値は目盛り測定過程
における調整による補正を必要とする。
上記の温度補正において、差動増幅器は価格を考慮する
と不適当であり、その上定電流は同様に適していない。
その折衷は制御した電流供給により上記の高電流ダイオ
ードを駆動することによって達成される。実施にあたっ
て、上記の供給電流は電力消費を考慮して限定される。
しかして、上記の高電流ダイオードは約300μ人にて
駆動されるのが望ましい。この場合、一方のダイオード
の電圧は負の係数をもつ出力を生じ、他方のダイオード
は正の係数を付与する。
この正の係数値は大きくされるべきであり、上記の出力
が正の係数のための電圧よりもむしろダイオード電流の
関数であることは1−exp [KV/T]の関係によ
って非線形の結果をもたらす。この場合、Kは定数、T
は華氏の温度である。しかし、本発明による装置の操作
温度範囲を超えると、上記の関係は実質的に線形であっ
て±1.25%の最大誤差を生じる。
上記の電極は2mm以下望ましくは約1mm以上でない
間隔にて互いに近接して位置決めされ約0,5mtn望
ましくは約0.25mmの幅であるのが好ましい。
かかる寸法、例えば1mmの間隔、0.25mmの電極
幅、5〜10mmの探触子径によれば、探触子からサン
プル流体中に放射する等電位線によって90゛にてカッ
トされる電極尖頭部の流線が流体と探触子の境界領域に
最も近いところで尿の付着滴に最大の電流が流れるよう
に形成されることが見出された。
なお、尿の付着滴の量は探触子の断面積によって決定さ
れる。電極はプラチナのような不活性材料によってワイ
ヤー状に形成され、その端部が露出するようにして非導
電性の固体材料中に埋設される。また、ワイヤーの径は
装置の小型化を助長しかつ電池固有のコンダクタンスを
低くするように最小にされる。
励振周波数は電力消費の限度に適応するように可能な限
り高くされる。この高い周波数は小さな電極表面積を用
いると生じがちな容量低下を解消する。実施にあたって
、100KHzの最小周波数が望ましい。
泌尿固有の導電率と比重の線状の相互関係の測定は装置
が既知の導電率のテスト溶液を用いて目盛られるように
なし得る。しかして、装置は、□例えば夜の睡眠後のよ
うな尿が一層濃縮される時に、正の結果を生じ易い条件
下にて尿が1.015を超える比重を有するかどうかを
間接的に評価し検出するために用いられ得る。もし、正
の結果が示される場合には、使用者が流体掻取のプログ
ラムを経験してその継続的な実行に基づいて同プログラ
ムの効果を評価することができる。
本発明による装置は、適宜な電源、電子回路及び読み取
り又は他の表示手段を具備している。この場合、表示手
段は、特定の限界値に達したことを簡単に表示し、或い
は検出結果が限界値以上又は以下である範囲についての
詳細を提供し得る。
電源は、望ましくは、1.E、C指定VR22の電池の
ような小型の12vの電池である。かかる電池の容量は
33mAhrに過ぎないが読み取りにあたって装置のス
イッチが約20秒間だけ入れられるに過ぎないため充分
である。この装置においては、1μAのような低い直流
であっても尿サンプル中に電解物を生じさせ検出誤差を
もたらすため、交流が用いられる。直流成分の可能性を
なくすため、器具の電極は結合コンデンサを介して係合
される。
表示手段に要する電圧は代表的には7±0.25vであ
る。この電圧レベルにて電池容量の最大利用をもって制
御するためには、低い落下と零入力電流をもつレギュレ
ータを必要とする。この場合低い落下要求はコレクタ制
御された電流供給の最適な使用を示す。しかしながら、
コレクタ制御された電流供給は本来不安定であり、二個
のコンデンサの使用によって達成される有効な減衰を必
要とする。
供給電圧は重要な要素であって、最適な電池利用の要請
によって部分的に惹き起される要求である。この要求を
充足するため、上記の電流供給によってバイアスされる
ツェナーダイオードが設けられている。このツェナーダ
イオードに対するバイアス電流は低いレベル、望ましく
は丁度1mAを超えるレベルに維持される。かかる低い
バイアスレベルの使用はツェナーダイオードの許容誤差
を±2.5%増大させる。制御された電圧は上記のツェ
ナーダイオードが一側にあり抵抗分圧器が他側にあるブ
リッヂによって決定される。このブリッヂの誤差電圧は
演算増幅器の全開ループのゲインによって検出される。
同演算増幅器は測定回路の一象限であって上記の制御さ
れた電流供給によって必然的に駆動される。読み出しは
バーグラフ表示、望ましくはドツトモードのバーグラフ
表示によってなされる。かかる読み出しは電流消費を最
小にしかつ単刀直入な解釈を助ける。腎臓結石症の素因
又は傾向を表示すめために、表示素子は使用者が準安定
性の上限以上か以下かを表示するために区分された尿の
導電率の通常の範囲と関係づけられている。バーグラフ
は四つのレベル検出器によって駆動される五つの発光素
子を備えており、レベル検出器の各レベルは演算増幅比
較器の一象限となっている。かくして、一つの発光素子
はレベル検出器の状態とは関係なく点燈される。バーグ
ラフ表示を駆動するために、固有の導電率に比例する電
圧が付与されることが望ましい。他の目的のために、上
記の読み出しは水和治療に関連した特別治療の適用に役
立つとともに、例えば滲透性、導電率又は比重の換算に
て直接読み取りを可能にする。
本発明による装置は防水製であることが望ましい。便宜
上、同装置は一体射出成型したハウジングを有し・、こ
のハウジングは負の端子結合を提供する螺子プラグによ
って密封される上記電池の収容室を有している。上記装
置には一体成型した膜状スイッチによって作動される電
力制御手段を有してもよい。また、同装置のサイズと形
状はポケットに入れて運び得るようにされる。
また、本発明は脱水症の治療を検出又は探知する方法を
提供するものであって1、この方法は尿サンプルの導電
率を測定して比重又は滲透性に関する値を得ることから
なる。また、この方法は腎臓結石形成の傾向を検出し探
知することにも役立つ。
(実施例) 第1図及び第2図を参照すると、本発明装置の探触子は
尖頭部11と電極12.13によって構成されている。
等電位線14が尖頭部11から放射し、上記の流線が符
号15によって示されている。尿の付着滴の周囲が点線
によって示されている。第2図に示したように、電極1
.2.13は約0.25mmの幅を有し約1IlllI
]の間隔で設けられている。
この場合、上記の流線は尿流中に含まれる。
第3図を参照すると、電源は1.E、C指定■R22の
小型な12v電池である。コンデンサC1と02はコレ
クタ制御された電流供給を減衰させるために設けられ、
その基準は2%のツェナーダイオードZD1である。ブ
リッヂはツェナーダイオードZD1と抵抗R11並びに
抵抗R7とR8によって構成されている。このブリッヂ
は誤差電圧が演算増幅器IC2Aによって検出される制
御電圧を測定する。この演算増幅器IC2Aは測定回路
の一象限であって、制御された電流供給によって必然的
に駆動される。したがって、レギュレータは制御される
側から駆動され、制御されない側から始動されない限り
作動しない。このレギュレータの始動はトランジスタT
R2を導通させるのに充分なレベルに演算増幅器IC2
Aを逆駆動する抵抗R3によって達成される。この手法
は逆バイアス結合として現われる増幅器の出力に依存し
ている。スタート抵抗R5を介して付与される全ての電
流は最初にトランジスタTR2のベースに流れる。トラ
ンジスタTR2のコレクタ回路は電流を減衰し始めるの
で、限界値はトランジスタTRIが導通し始め制御され
る側に電流を供給し始める約130μAにて規定される
。演算増幅器IC2Aは約2■の電圧にて作動し始める
。レギュレータが基準電圧7■を規定したとき、トラン
ジスタTRIは15〜18mAの電流を導通する。この
場合、トランジスタTRIの必要とされるベース電流は
約60μAである。制御回路をスピードアップするとと
もに、トランジスタTR1のゲイン変化の効果を零にす
るため、抵抗R2がトランジスタTRIのベースとエミ
ッタ間に接続されている。
これにより、トランジスタTRIのバイアス電圧に達す
るのに更に150μAを必要とする。かくして、トラン
ジスタTR2のコレクタは約200μへの電流を供給す
る。トランジスタTR2のエミッタは抵抗R5を介して
接地されている。これにより、トランジスタTR2のエ
ミッタ電圧は抵抗R5が4に7であると、1■のレベル
まで上げられる。しかしながら、このエミッタ電圧は回
路の残部における電流要求が故にリップルを有する。余
剰の電池容量がある場合には、このエミッタ電圧は1.
2■を超えることはない。エミッタ抵抗R5と並列に発
光素子(LDI)とリミット抵抗R4が接続されている
。発光素子LDIはその点燈前に1.8■の最小電圧を
必要とする低電流素子である。トランジスタTR2のエ
ミッタに付与される1゜8vの電圧はトランジスタTR
1に過剰なベース電流を提供し、これによりトランジス
タTRIは飽和する。この状態は誤差電圧が高い時にの
み生じ、電池の電圧がレギュレータを駆動するのに不充
分なレベルに低下した状態に一致する。
結果として、演算増幅器IC2Aは制御された供給レベ
ルにて飽和する。トランジスタTR2はそのエミッタ電
圧が約5.4vになるように上記電圧に追随する。発光
素子LDIが約2■の順方向電圧と4mへの電流によっ
て完全に点燈すると、同発光素子LDIは低い電池状態
を表示する。レギュレータの安定性に関して、コンデン
サC1はレギュレータのディスクリートな構成素子のた
めの周波数補正をもたらす。C1の位置にコンデンサを
用いることによって、レギュレータを0.lμfの小さ
なコンデンサ(C2>により減結合(decouple
 )することができる。しかしながら、制御された供給
電圧中に残る高い周波数のリップルはバーグラフ表示中
に判別し雛い限界値を生じさせる。また、かかる高い周
波数のリップルによって、上記の小さなコンデンサC2
は使用可能な電池容量を減少させる。このため、コンデ
ンサC2として少なくとも10μfの値にて高周波補正
の必要性をなくしかつコンデンサC1を過多にするタン
タリウムコンデンサを用いることが望ましい。
バーグラフ表示は五つのセグメントに分けられる。これ
らのセグメントは7.0On+S以下の導電率(+)(
1,0083以下の尿比重に相当) 、7.00〜10
.50m5の導電率(目) (1,0083〜1.01
27の尿比重に相当)、 10.50〜1.0213の
導電率(iii)  (1,0127〜1゜0173の
尿比重に相当) 、14.00〜17.13m5の導電
率(iv) (1,0173〜1.0213の尿比重に
相当)及び1713m5以上の導電率(v)  (1,
0213の尿比重以上に相当)を表わしている。便宜上
、これらのセグメントは第4図に示したように色付けさ
れ、導電率(i)は緑色2、導電率(ii)は緑色1、
導電率(iii)は黄色、導電率(iv)は赤色1及び
導電率(V)は赤色2によって表わされている。また、
これらのセグメントは回帰分析による197のサンプル
の性能特性を示しており、その分析結果が1/NSGに
対する導電率換算にて表わされている。この分析結果に
おいて、導電率はR−−0,94にてθ〜2hSの範囲
内に落ち着いた。この場合、Rは比重と導電率の平均的
相互関係の係数である。滲透性の換算にて、上記の分析
結果は類似していた。また、相互関係の要素は成人の場
合的0.95であった。
第4図において、中央の領域は導電率読み取りの範囲を
表わしていて、1.015の尿比重を示している。目盛
り付は又はチエツクにあたって、15.56mSの導電
率を有するテスト溶液が′°赤色1“′表示の中心にて
読み取られる。このことは、装置が関心の範囲にわたる
使用のために正しく目盛られていることを示している。
第5図を参照すると、発振器が第5(c)図に示したよ
うに高い周波数にて作動して第5(a)図に示した低い
周波数にて電極にて生じる容量減衰を解消している。第
5図(a)図において、右側の線図は出力電流波形にお
ける容量減衰を左側に示した減衰されない波形と比較し
て示している。
出力電流波形のこのような歪みは、電極と溶液の境界領
域に生じる分離の容量効果によるものである。この効果
は第5(b)図に示した回路によって電気的に記述され
得る。この回路において、RCは溶液の非反応インピー
ダンス、Ccは電流波形に見られる容量効果、Cwは電
極に接続しているワイヤの容量である。溶液のコンダク
タンスはRcの尺度である。したがって、CwとCcの
値は最小にされるべきである。しかし、容量効果CCを
消失させるべく励振周波数を増大させるとワイヤー容量
Cwによって相殺誤差がもたらされる。
これに代えて、容量効果Ccは電極の表面積を増大させ
ることにより最小にされてもよい。一方小さな電極表面
積を用いるためには、相殺誤差をもたらすことなく励振
周波数の増大を許容しかつ容量減衰の効果をなくすべく
、ワイヤー容量Cwは可能な限り小さくされねばならな
い。第5(c)図の右側は出力電流波形における周波数
増大の効果を示し、ここにおいては波形の部分的な減衰
のみが生じている。
第6図を参照すると、上記励振電圧レベルはシフトレジ
スタに記憶されたパルス幅変調波形によって制御される
。しかして、励振電圧レベルは目盛り測定を用いて変え
られる。この目盛り測定はテスト溶液の導電率に応じて
表示の範囲を自動的にリセットする。シトレジスタの通
常モードは再循環するものであって、同レジスタに記憶
されたビットパターンは無端ループにて再循環されるよ
うになっている。目盛り測定中に新しいパターンを入力
するためには、上記の無端ループは切られねばならない
。同無端ループがある時間中期られると、上記システム
は状態の変化に応答する時間をもたず、上記レジスタが
論理値1”s又はO’sを付与される。かくして、新し
いデータは上記システムを応答させ得る書き込みウィン
ドウの間に充分な間隔をもって一時的に上記レジスタの
一つのヒツトに書き込まれる。上記書き込みウィンドウ
は、探触子がテスト溶液中に突っ込まれた時、目盛り測
定用ボタンによってもたらされる単安定により作り出さ
れる。目盛り測定値は、上記シフトレジスタにパルス幅
変調波形として記録される。
この記録は目盛り測定値を維持するために電池からの供
給電力によって維持される。電池を交換するときに生し
る電力損失は記録された値の消失をもたらす。したがっ
てミ電力損失が検出され、装置が再び目盛られるまで通
常の作動が禁止される。
この禁止は例えは表示手段の赤色セグメントの点燈によ
って表示される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第1図は本発明の予検装置に適用される探触子の一例を
示す図、第2図は同探触子の他の例を示す図、第3図は
本発明の予検装置に適用される電気回路図、第4図は本
発明による尿の導電率測定メータのバーグラフ表示と性
能を示す図、第5(a)図〜第5(c)図は発振器の周
波数を説明する図、第6図は自動目盛り測定の実施例を
示すブロック図である。 出願人 ジャイラス メディカル リミテッド代理人 
弁理士 長谷照−(外1名)

Claims (10)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. (1)尿のサンプルが付着するように尿中に挿入する探
    針手段と、尿サンプル中の電解物濃度を測定する測定手
    段と、測定結果を電解物濃度の関数として表示する表示
    手段を具備して、腎臓結石症又は脱水症の素因又は傾向
    を表示する装置。
  2. (2)前記測定手段が導電性の探触子を備えてなる第1
    項に記載の装置。
  3. (3)前記探針手段が一対の電極を有する尖頭部を備え
    ていて、使用において尿滴が表面張力によって前記尖頭
    部に付着し、付着した尿の抵抗若しくはコンダクタンス
    を測定するために交流が付与され、その結果引き出され
    た関数が尿の比重又は滲透性に関係づけられるようにし
    た第1項又は第2項に記載の装置。
  4. (4)温度補正手段を備えてなる第3項に記載の装置。
  5. (5)前記電極が2mm以下の間隔にて分離されそれぞ
    れの幅が0.5mm以下である第3項又は第4項に記載
    の装置。
  6. (6)前記探触子が5〜10mmの径を有している第5
    項に記載の装置。
  7. (7)前記探触子が100KHzの最小励振周波数を有
    している第2項〜第6項に記載の装置。
  8. (8)前記表示手段がバーグラフ表示を備えている上記
    各項に記載の装置。
  9. (9)上記バーグラフ表示の素子が、尿サンプルの比重
    が準安定性の上限以上又は以下であるかを示すために区
    分された尿の導電率の通常の範囲に関係づけられている
    第8項に記載の装置。
  10. (10)人体から抽出した尿サンプル中の電解物濃度を
    測定して、その測定結果から尿の比重又は滲透性に換算
    して前記電解物濃度の関数を得ることにより、腎臓結石
    形成の傾向又は人体中の水和レベルに関する病理生理学
    的変化を検出し、或いは脱水症の治療を検出又は探知し
    たり又は水和治療の効き目を探知する方法。
JP1267936A 1988-10-13 1989-10-13 人体の予検及び探知装置 Pending JPH02149254A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8824001.5 1988-10-13
GB888824001A GB8824001D0 (en) 1988-10-13 1988-10-13 Screening & monitoring instrument
GB8907193.0 1989-03-30
GB898907193A GB8907193D0 (en) 1988-10-13 1989-03-30 Screening and monitoring instrument

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02149254A true JPH02149254A (ja) 1990-06-07

Family

ID=26294513

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1267936A Pending JPH02149254A (ja) 1988-10-13 1989-10-13 人体の予検及び探知装置

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Country Link
US (1) US5038109A (ja)
EP (1) EP0364216B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH02149254A (ja)
AT (1) ATE133049T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU633276B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR8905181A (ja)
CA (1) CA1308782C (ja)
DE (1) DE68925454T2 (ja)
DK (1) DK505489A (ja)
ES (1) ES2082785T3 (ja)
FI (1) FI894870A0 (ja)
IL (1) IL91875A0 (ja)
NO (1) NO894085L (ja)
NZ (1) NZ231007A (ja)

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US5038109A (en) 1991-08-06
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