JPH0133030B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0133030B2 JPH0133030B2 JP57172134A JP17213482A JPH0133030B2 JP H0133030 B2 JPH0133030 B2 JP H0133030B2 JP 57172134 A JP57172134 A JP 57172134A JP 17213482 A JP17213482 A JP 17213482A JP H0133030 B2 JPH0133030 B2 JP H0133030B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- electrolyte
- chamber
- air
- oxidizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はリン酸電解液形燃料電池等の酸性電解
液形燃料電池に関するものであり、燃料極、酸化
剤極および酸性電解液を含浸させたマトリツクス
を積層し、この積層体の両側にそれぞれ燃料室お
よび酸化剤室を形成してなるセパレータを密着さ
せて構成した単位電池またはこの単位電池を多数
積層した積層電池において、燃料供給系に噴霧状
電解液を供給し、燃料と噴霧状電解液の混合気体
を燃料室に供給してマトリツクスに電解液を供給
または補給することにより多量の空気供給による
リン酸電解液のマトリツクスからの溢出を防ぎつ
つ、安定した電池性能を得る酸性電解液形燃料電
池を提供するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an acid electrolyte fuel cell such as a phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cell. In a unit cell configured by closely adhering separators each forming a fuel chamber and an oxidizer chamber on both sides of a laminate, or a stacked battery in which a large number of these unit cells are stacked, an atomized electrolyte is supplied to a fuel supply system, By supplying or replenishing the electrolyte to the matrix by supplying a gas mixture of fuel and atomized electrolyte to the fuel chamber, stable battery performance can be maintained while preventing overflow of the phosphoric acid electrolyte from the matrix due to large amounts of air supply. The present invention provides an acidic electrolyte fuel cell that can be obtained.
一般に酸性電解液形燃料電池は、マトリツクス
に酸性電解液を含浸、保持させ、これを燃料極と
酸化剤極で挾み、積層して単位電池またはこれら
を多数個積層して積層電池を構成している。 In general, acidic electrolyte fuel cells consist of a matrix impregnated and held with an acidic electrolyte, sandwiched between a fuel electrode and an oxidizer electrode, and stacked to form a unit cell, or a large number of these to be stacked to form a stacked battery. ing.
燃料極の背面には燃料室を形成するセパレータ
があり、このセパレータの燃料室と反対側には酸
化剤室が形成されている。 A separator forming a fuel chamber is provided on the back side of the fuel electrode, and an oxidizer chamber is formed on the opposite side of the separator from the fuel chamber.
酸性電解液形燃料電池では酸化剤として空気が
用いられるが、その流量は反応に必要な理論量の
数倍供給することが必要であり、また、冷却を兼
ねた場合さらにその数倍から数百倍という多量の
空気を供給しなければならない。 Air is used as an oxidizing agent in acid electrolyte fuel cells, but it is necessary to supply the flow rate several times the theoretical amount required for the reaction, and if it is also used for cooling, the flow rate can range from several times that amount to hundreds of times more. twice as much air must be supplied.
このように多量の空気を酸化剤室に供給する
と、酸化剤室内の空気の流れは乱流になると考え
られる。乱流になると電極に含されている電解液
の一部を空気内に飛散させ、積層電池外部へ運び
出すことになるので、マトリツクス内の電解液が
減少し、電池性能が劣化し寿命も短かくなる。 It is thought that when such a large amount of air is supplied to the oxidizer chamber, the flow of air within the oxidizer chamber becomes turbulent. When the flow becomes turbulent, a portion of the electrolyte contained in the electrodes is scattered into the air and carried out to the outside of the stacked battery, reducing the amount of electrolyte in the matrix, deteriorating battery performance and shortening the battery life. Become.
本発明は上記の欠点を除去するもので、以下一
実施例を説明する。 The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, and one embodiment will be described below.
第１図は本発明になるリン酸電解液形燃料電池
を示す要部斜視図である。１は積層電池本体で燃
料極、酸化剤極、マトリツクスおよび燃料室と酸
化剤室を形成するセパレータからなる単位電池を
多数個積層したものである。２は燃料室と酸化剤
室を形成するセパレータ。３は酸化剤室、４は燃
料極、酸化剤極とマトリツクスを積層した反応セ
ルである。反応および冷却に必要な空気は空気供
給管７および空気供給ダクト５を介して積層電池
本体１に供給される。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of essential parts of a phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 is a stacked battery body in which a large number of unit cells are stacked, each of which includes a fuel electrode, an oxidizer electrode, a matrix, and a separator forming a fuel chamber and an oxidizer chamber. 2 is a separator that forms a fuel chamber and an oxidizer chamber. 3 is an oxidizing agent chamber, and 4 is a reaction cell in which a fuel electrode, an oxidizing agent electrode, and a matrix are stacked. Air necessary for reaction and cooling is supplied to the stacked battery body 1 via the air supply pipe 7 and the air supply duct 5.
未反応空気は空気排気ダクト６および空気排気
管を介して外部へ排出される。 Unreacted air is exhausted to the outside via the air exhaust duct 6 and the air exhaust pipe.
燃料は燃料供給管１３と燃料供給ダクト１１に
よつて積層電池本体１に供給され、燃料排気ダク
ト１２と燃料排気管１４を介して外部へ排出され
る。燃料供給ダクト１１には噴霧状電解液を供給
する電解液補給管９が接続されており、電解液は
噴霧器１０によつて噴霧状にされる。 Fuel is supplied to the stacked battery main body 1 through the fuel supply pipe 13 and the fuel supply duct 11, and is exhausted to the outside through the fuel exhaust duct 12 and the fuel exhaust pipe 14. An electrolyte supply pipe 9 for supplying an atomized electrolyte is connected to the fuel supply duct 11, and the electrolyte is atomized by a sprayer 10.
噴霧状電解液は常時供給することも可能であ
り、また、電解液の溢出による電池性能の低下に
応じて供給することも可能である。 The atomized electrolyte can be supplied constantly, or can be supplied in response to a decrease in battery performance due to overflow of the electrolyte.
第２図は従来と本発明によるリン酸電解液形燃
料電池の寿命特性を比較したもので、電極面積
600cm2の単位電池を電流密度150ｍＡ／cm2、電池温
度190℃で運転した結果である。 Figure 2 compares the life characteristics of the conventional phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cell and the present invention.
These are the results of operating a 600 cm 2 unit battery at a current density of 150 mA/cm 2 and a battery temperature of 190°C.
本発明によれば寿命が長く安定した電池性能を
示す酸性電解液形燃料電池を得ることができ、そ
の工業的価値は極めて大である。 According to the present invention, an acidic electrolyte fuel cell having a long life and stable cell performance can be obtained, and its industrial value is extremely large.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す斜視図、第２
図は従来と本発明になるリン酸電解液形燃料電池
の寿命特性を示す比較曲線図である。
１は積層電池本体、２はセパレータ、３は酸化
剤室、４は反応セル、５は空気供給ダクト、６は
空気排出ダクト、７は空気供給管、８は空気排気
管、９は電解液補給管、１０は噴霧器、１１は燃
料供給ダクト、１２は燃料排気ダクト、１３は燃
料供給管、１４は燃料排気管。
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a comparative curve diagram showing the life characteristics of a conventional phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cell and a phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention. 1 is the stacked battery body, 2 is the separator, 3 is the oxidizer chamber, 4 is the reaction cell, 5 is the air supply duct, 6 is the air exhaust duct, 7 is the air supply pipe, 8 is the air exhaust pipe, 9 is the electrolyte replenishment 10 is a sprayer, 11 is a fuel supply duct, 12 is a fuel exhaust duct, 13 is a fuel supply pipe, and 14 is a fuel exhaust pipe.
Claims (1)
せたマトリツクスを積層し、この積層体の両側に
それぞれ燃料室および酸化剤室を形成してなるセ
パレータを密着させて構成した単位電池またはこ
の単位電池を多数積層した積層電池からなる酸性
電解液形燃料電池において、噴霧状電解液製造手
段と、供給燃料に前記噴霧状電解液を混合する手
段とを備えたことを特徴とする酸性電解液形燃料
電池。1. A unit cell or unit constructed by laminating a fuel electrode, an oxidizer electrode, and a matrix impregnated with an acidic electrolyte, and adhering separators that form a fuel chamber and an oxidizer chamber on both sides of the laminated body, respectively. An acidic electrolyte fuel cell comprising a stacked battery in which a large number of cells are laminated, characterized in that the acidic electrolyte fuel cell comprises a means for producing an atomized electrolyte and a means for mixing the atomized electrolyte with supplied fuel. Fuel cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57172134A JPS5960973A (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1982-09-30 | Phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57172134A JPS5960973A (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1982-09-30 | Phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5960973A JPS5960973A (en) | 1984-04-07 |
| JPH0133030B2 true JPH0133030B2 (en) | 1989-07-11 |
Family
ID=15936191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57172134A Granted JPS5960973A (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1982-09-30 | Phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5960973A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4596748A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1986-06-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for replacing lost electrolyte in fuel cells |
| US4530887A (en) * | 1984-06-06 | 1985-07-23 | Energy Research Corporation | Fuel cell system with electrolyte conservation and/or replenishment |
| JPS60263477A (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1985-12-26 | Sony Corp | Manufacture of semiconductor device |
-
1982
- 1982-09-30 JP JP57172134A patent/JPS5960973A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5960973A (en) | 1984-04-07 |
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