JPH033958Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a stacked fuel cell.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, molten carbonate type stacked fuel cells have been proposed. This fuel cell, as shown in Figure 1,
For example, a plate formed by a matrix method in which carbonate such as Li ₂ CO ₃ or K ₂ CO ₃ is impregnated into a porous material, or a paste method in which the above carbonate is press-molded together with a retaining material. A shaped tile 1 (electrolyte plate) is sandwiched between a cathode 2 and an anode 3 from both sides, and a fuel 5 such as H ₂ gas is supplied to the anode 3 side, and a fuel 5 such as H 2 gas is supplied to the cathode 2 side.
By supplying the oxidizing gas 4 made of air containing CO ₂ , 1/2O ₂ +CO ₂ +2e ^- →CO ² ₃ ^- is produced on the cathode 2 side, and CO ² ₃ ^- +H ₂ →CO is produced on the anode 3 side. ₂ + H ₂ O + 2e ^- reaction takes place, and the tile 1, which is a good conductor of carbonate ions, is sandwiched between the cathode 2 and anode 3, and electricity is generated by the potential difference generated between the cathode 2 and the anode 3. By stacking the anodes in multiple layers with the current collector plate 6 in between, the voltage can be increased.

In order to make the overall configuration compact as the current collector plate 6, a partition plate 8 is provided with unevenness 7 to separate and guide the oxidizing gas 4 and the fuel 5 to the cathode 2 and the anode 3, as shown in the figure. It is conceivable to provide a

However, as shown in FIG. 1, by using an internal manifold (internal branching) method, the oxidizing gas 4 and the fuel 5 are passed through the tiles 1 and the partition plate 8 of each layer to the cathode 2 side and the anode 3 side. When separating and guiding, it is necessary to strictly maintain the sealing property. In other words, since H ₂ and O ₂ coexist and the reaction temperature is high (controlled at 600 to 700°C), there is a risk of explosion due to their mixing, and sealing performance is extremely important. Become. At the same time, the structure is simple and assembly is easy, and it can be implemented at low cost, and the oxidizing gas 4 and fuel 5 are distributed with good spread over the planes of the cathode 2 and anode 3, which improves efficiency. required from the outside.

[Purpose of invention]

In view of the above requirements, the present invention provides highly reliable sealing performance and good flow rate distribution through a simple configuration when separately supplying and deriving oxidizing gas and fuel to the cathode and anode. The purpose is to ensure that

[Structure of the idea]

The present invention consists of stacking multiple tiles (electrolyte plates) sandwiched on both sides by a cathode-side spacer with a cathode housed in the hollowed out part and an anode-side spacer with the anode housed in the hollowed out part with a partition plate in between. A rectangular laminate is formed, and an oxidizing gas supply channel and a fuel supply channel are provided on one side of two parallel sides of the laminate in a direction penetrating the laminate, and an oxidizing gas exhaust channel is provided on the other side. In the stacked fuel cell, the oxidizing gas supply channel is provided in the cathode side spacer and the fuel discharge channel is provided so that the supply and discharge of oxidizing gas to the cathode and the supply and discharging of fuel to the anode are performed separately. and an orifice and a slanted notch that communicate the oxidizing gas discharge passage with the hollowed out part, and an orifice and a slanted notch that communicate the fuel supply passage and the fuel discharge passage with the hollowed part in the anode side spacer. The present invention relates to a stacked fuel cell characterized in that the cathode side spacer, the partition plate, and the anode side spacer are integrally formed in advance.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the present invention, in which a partition plate 8 having unevenness 7 is sandwiched between a cathode side spacer 10 for accommodating the cathode 2 and an anode side spacer 9 for accommodating the anode 3. and each spacer 9, 10 are integrated in advance by brazing or the like to form a current collector plate 11, and a large number of tiles 1 are stacked via the current collector plate 11 to form a laminate having a planar rectangular shape.

Further, the tile 1 and the current collector plate 11 are provided with a plurality of oxidizing gas supply channels 12 on one side for supplying oxidizing gas 4 to the cathode 2 side, and a plurality of oxidizing gas exhaust channels 13 on the other side, Similarly, a plurality of fuel supply channels 14 and fuel discharge channels 15 are provided, one for each of the oxidizing gas supply channel 12 and the oxidizing gas discharging channel 13.
Place it in a position where it can be placed one after the other. In the figure, 16 is an oxidizing gas inlet, 17 is an oxidizing gas outlet, 18 is a fuel inlet, and 19 is a fuel outlet.

FIG. 3 shows further details, and the cathode side spacer 10 has a hollowed out part 20 in the center so that the cathode 2 is positioned inside thereof, and the hollowed out part 20 is as shown in FIG. It communicates only with the oxidizing gas supply channel 12 and the oxidizing gas exhaust channel 13 via the inclined notch 21 and the orifice 22 .

Further, the anode side spacer 9 has a hollowed out part 23 in the center so that the anode 3 is positioned inside thereof, and the hollowed out part 23 connects the fuel supply flow path 1 through an inclined notch 24 and an orifice 25.
4 and the fuel discharge passage 15 only.

Moreover, the partition plate 8 has 12 to 13 points on the lower surface.
14 at the top surface.
It has unevenness 7 designed to hold a flow path for forming a flow of fuel from to 15. The unevenness 7
can have various shapes as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B.

As described above, the cathode side spacer 10 which communicates only with the cathode 2 side via the orifice 22, the inclined notch 21 and the hollowed out part 20 is provided on the lower surface of the partition plate 8, and the orifice 25, By providing the anode side spacer 9 that communicates only with the anode 3 side through the inclined notch 24 and the hollowed out part 23, the oxidizing gas 4 and the fuel 5 can be completely separated by simply overlapping and bonding them. Supply and discharge can be performed with good distribution over the entire surface of the cathode and anode.

In addition, it is easy to assemble because it can be assembled by simply stacking them one after the other and gluing them together.The structure is simple and compact, and there are almost no parts that require precision, so it can be done at a low cost. can do.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it goes without saying that the shape of the spacer, etc. may be changed in various ways, and other changes may be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention. be.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, according to the stacked fuel cell of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.

(i) High sealing performance by completely separating supply and discharge of oxidizing gas and fuel to the cathode and anode using a current collector plate that integrates the cathode side spacer, partition plate, and anode side spacer by brazing, etc. can be ensured.

(ii) The safety of the device can be improved by improving the sealing performance.

(iii) Can be easily assembled by simply layering;
It becomes simple and compact.

(iv) Since the configuration is simple and there are no parts that require high accuracy, it can be implemented at low cost.

(v) By providing the cathode-side spacer and the anode-side spacer with orifices and inclined notches that communicate the supply/discharge channels with the cutouts, the distribution of oxidizing gas and fuel to the cathode and anode is improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle structure of a stacked fuel cell, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing details of the cathode side spacer, partition plate, and anode side spacer that constitute the current collector plate, Figure 4 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the cathode side spacer, and Figures 5A and B are FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the shape of unevenness when the partition plate of FIG. 3 is viewed from the V direction. 1 is the tile, 2 is the cathode, 3 is the anode, 4
is oxidizing gas, 5 is fuel, 7 is unevenness, 8 is partition plate,
9 is an anode side spacer, 10 is a cathode side spacer, 11 is a current collector plate, 12 is an oxidizing gas supply channel, 13 is an oxidizing gas discharge channel, 14 is a fuel supply channel, 15 is a fuel discharge channel, 20, 23 is a hollowed out portion, 21 and 24 are inclined notches, and 22 and 25 are orifices.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A rectangular laminate is created by laminating a plurality of tiles (electrolyte plates) sandwiched on both sides by a cathode-side spacer with a cathode housed in the hollowed-out part and an anode-side spacer with the anode housed in the hollowed-out part with a partition plate in between. and an oxidizing gas supply channel and a fuel supply channel are provided on one side of the two parallel sides of the laminate in a direction penetrating the laminate, and an oxidizing gas exhaust channel and a fuel exhaust channel are provided on the other side. In the stacked fuel cell, in which the supply and discharge of oxidizing gas to the cathode and the supply and discharge of fuel to the anode are carried out separately, the oxidizing gas supply channel and the oxidizing gas discharge channel are provided in the cathode side spacer. forming an orifice and an inclined notch that communicate the passage with the hollowed out part, and forming an orifice and an inclined notch in the anode side spacer that communicate the fuel supply passage and the fuel discharge passage with the hollowed out part; A stacked fuel cell characterized in that the cathode side spacer, the partition plate, and the anode side spacer are integrated in advance.