JPH01263227A - Treatment for aluminum waste waterial - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To recover Al by subjecting an Al waste material to rough cutting and further to chipping and then successively applying magnetic separation and separation by means of air and vibration to the above to efficiently remote foreign matter. CONSTITUTION:The Al waste material (Al sash, etc.) is roughly cut to about 400-500mm length by means of a guillotine-type cutter, etc., and further chipped to about 5-20mm length. Subsequently, the resulting chips are introduced into a magnetic separator to undergo the removal of ferromagnetic foreign matter (generally iron) by means of magnetic separation, and then, the above chips are separated into Al chips and the other foreign matter by means of a separator using air and vibration. By this method, the Al chips can be efficiently recovered at a low cost while obviating the necessity of heating and chemical treatment.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention is applicable to scraps of aluminum building materials such as aluminum sash and scraps generated from aluminum processing factories (hereinafter collectively referred to as "aluminum waste").
relates to a processing method for removing accompanying foreign matter and recovering aluminum.

(Background of the Invention) Aluminum and its alloys (simply referred to as "aluminum" in the present invention) are widely used as building materials because they are easy to process, lightweight, and beautiful. Typical aluminum building materials include panels,
There are sashes, doors, gates, fences, etc., but as more and more houses are being rebuilt in recent years, large amounts of scraps of these materials have been generated.

Aluminum is a relatively expensive material that consumes large amounts of electrical energy when refined from alumina. Therefore,
Collecting and recycling the above-mentioned scraps and effectively reusing them as an aluminum source is extremely meaningful in terms of resource and energy conservation.

However, the above-mentioned building materials are almost never made of aluminum alone, and are usually used for door wheels, handles, etc.
Used in combination with parts such as handles) and hinges. These parts are often made of plastics, rubber, or metals such as stainless steel, copper alloys, and zinc alloys, and the scraps that are collected often have these accessories firmly attached to them. It is often left as it is.

In order to reuse such a scrap as an aluminum source, it is desirable to remove the above foreign matter and separate and reuse only the aluminum as much as possible.

Methods for removing foreign matter include: (1) incinerating combustible foreign matter by heating; and (2) removing foreign matter by chemical treatment. However, method (2) has the problem of generating harmful gases due to the combustion of plastic and wood gas, and also has the disadvantage that it cannot separate metallic foreign substances such as iron and copper. In addition to the fact that there is a limit to the amount of foreign substances (acids and alkalis) that can be removed in just 7 days, method (2) also has another troublesome problem of waste liquid treatment.

In addition to methods ① and ② above, there is also a method of recovering aluminum by heating and melting the waste materials as they are, but this also has the problem of environmental contamination due to the combustion gas of non-metallic foreign substances, and further dissimilar metals may be incorporated into the melt. 7. It is necessary to remove as much foreign matter as possible before dissolving it, as it lowers the original aluminum purity and increases unnecessary or harmful components.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention removes foreign substances other than aluminum from aluminum waste as efficiently as possible at the lowest possible cost, without using heat or chemicals, using only a combination of mechanical and electromagnetic equipment. The purpose is to provide a method for

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a method for processing aluminum waste only by mechanical and electromagnetic means,
The method is characterized by sequentially carrying out the following steps (a) to (d).

(a) Process of rough cutting aluminum waste.

(b) A process of further chipping the roughly cut waste material (c) A process of removing ferromagnetic foreign substances by magnetic separation (d) A process of separating aluminum and other foreign substances using a separator that uses wind power and vibration.

Each step of the method of the present invention will be explained in detail below.

] The objects of the treatment method of the present invention are relatively large rod-shaped, plate-shaped, or extruded waste materials from building materials and aluminum processing factories as described above. In the first step,
These long materials can be used for the next chipping process (second process) (length, approximately 400 to 50 mm).
Roughly cut to 0111m). A guillotine type cutter is suitable for this rough cutting.

1 Main process This is a process in which the roughly cut waste wood is further cut into small pieces (chips). By turning the waste into chips, parts made of different materials attached to the waste material become chips separated from the aluminum product (chips). The smaller the size of the chip, the more complete the separation, but when targeting building materials, if the chips are cut into pieces of approximately 5 to 20 mm, most dissimilar materials will no longer be mechanically bonded to the aluminum product and will separate. .

This chipping process involves cutting various materials into small pieces, so an appropriate cutting machine must be used. The material is cut continuously, and only those cut to a certain size are sent to the next process.

The 1-star process is a magnetic sorting process. The strips are passed through a magnetic separator to remove ferromagnetic foreign matter (mainly iron). for example,
It is efficient to carry out magnetic selection continuously using an electromagnet while moving the chips on a conveyor. In this process, most of the foreign substances, mainly iron, are discharged from the container.

The second and third steps described above can be repeated two or more times to improve the accuracy of sorting. For example, the second chipping may be performed to cut into 30 to 50 IIl111, and the second chipping may be performed to cut into 10 to 20 mm or less.

1. Soil process This is a process in which chips from which iron has been removed by magnetic separation are separated into aluminum and other foreign substances for recovery. Here, we use a separator that uses wind and vibration.

That is, a fixed amount of chips is supplied onto an inclined mensch (sieve mesh), and the mensch is moved downward while vibrating.

In this process, heavy chips such as copper, zinc, their alloys, and stainless steel are separated from light chips such as rubber, wood, and plastics based on differences in specific gravity, and only aluminum chips are separated and collected. Of course, chips of valuable metals other than aluminum can also be recovered.

Up to this fourth process, 90
Aluminum chips with almost no foreign matter can be recovered with a recovery rate of over 30%. However, if you want to further increase the recovery rate and reduce the rate of foreign matter contamination with aluminum chips,
It is also possible to process with other types of separators, for example special magnetic separators.

All of the steps described above use mechanical and electromagnetic devices and do not involve heating or chemical treatment.

That is, there is no problem of disposing of soot or waste liquid.

The obtained aluminum chips can be used as they are, for example, as a deoxidizer or exothermic agent for steel manufacturing, or can be melted and recycled into ingots. Even in this case, since there is little foreign matter mixed into the aluminum chip, there are no problems such as generation of pollution or increase in impurities.

(Example) Aluminum sash with a total weight of 3500 kg was treated by the method of the present invention. The sash has iron, stainless steel, plastic, and rubber fittings, with approximately 90% aluminum.

In the above manner, approximately 3180 kg of aluminum chips without any foreign matter were recovered.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the method of the present invention, aluminum resources can be recovered by processing a large amount of aluminum waste continuously and efficiently. This method can be used to process not only building material scrap but also various scraps generated in factories.

Applicant: Shinmamesumi Metal Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A method for processing aluminum waste, characterized by processing according to the following steps (a) to (d). (b) Process of roughly cutting aluminum waste material (b) Process of further chipping the rough-cut waste material (c) Process of removing ferromagnetic foreign matter by magnetic separation (d) Process of cutting aluminum waste using a separator that uses wind power and vibration The process of separating chips and other foreign substances.