JPH01222675A - Superconducting motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify the structure of a motor by holding a rotary force and a position in slicing and radial directions by means of Meissner effect of a superconductor in a magnetic field of magnetic field generating means. CONSTITUTION:A superconducting motor has a rotary shaft 1 as a load shaft, and a rotor 2 mounted thereon. The rotor 2 is composed of a disclike nonmagnetic element 3 and a plurality of blades 4 made of a platelike superconductor bent at its center. Upper and lower stators 5-6 are disposed coaxially with the rotor 2 with respect to the shaft 1 and in a state to hold the rotor 2. The stators 5-6 are made of disclike nonmagnetic elements 5A-6A and permanent magnets 5B-6B. Thus, the lines of magnetic force generated from the magnets 5B-6B form a line-of-magnetic force distributions 5D-6D by means of Meissner effect of the blades 4 made of superconductor. As a result, the rotor 2 can be rotated.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application fields] The present invention relates to superconducting motors.

[Prior Art] Conventional common motors, such as unipolar motors, utilize torque generated by passing a direct current through brushes through a rotor conductor placed in a magnetic field. Also,
In a brushless motor, torque is obtained by the interaction between a permanent magnet as a rotor and a current flowing in an armature conductor as a stator, and the current flowing in the armature is controlled by an electronic circuit.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above motor, due to reasons such as passing current through the rotor conductors through brushes, the rotor rotates without mechanical contact, resulting in friction, etc. Energy loss due to this cannot be avoided, and electric power must always be supplied to the rotor and other parts while the motor is running.

On the other hand, there are some that use magnetic repulsion as torque to rotate the rotor, and in this regard, the recent appearance of oxide high-temperature superconductors is making it easier to utilize the Meissner effect in superconductors. .

As an example of a motor that utilizes the Meissner effect, a motor manufactured by Sanyo Electric, for example, is described in the Nihon Keizai Shimbun. This motor utilizes the property of superconductors repelling magnets, that is, the Meissner effect, and has a diameter of 6 cm.
Disc 1 made of ceramic superconducting material in a resin ring
It consists of six blades. When this motor is half-immersed in liquid nitrogen, brought to a superconducting state, and a permanent magnet is applied, the impeller rotates, at a maximum of 20 to 30 revolutions per minute.
It will be about rotation.

The present invention was made from the viewpoint of utilizing the Meissner effect in superconductors, and its purpose is to eliminate as much as possible the intervention of mechanical contact involved in the rotation of the motor, and to have a simple structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a superconducting motor that makes efficient use of the Meissner effect.

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve this, in the present invention, a superconductor blade consisting of two surfaces provided at a predetermined angle and a side end plate provided on the sides of the surfaces is rotated. A first device comprising a plurality of rotating bodies provided around an axis, and a plurality of magnetic field generating means capable of facing one of two surfaces of each of the plurality of blades of the rotating body.
a second surface that can face the stator and the other of the two surfaces;
A stator is provided, and the rotating body is sandwiched between the first stator and the second stator.

[Function] According to the above configuration, the rotating body receives a relative force from the stator due to the Meissner effect in the superconductor in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, and this force causes rotation and thrust of the rotating body. It is possible to maintain the position in both the direction and the radial direction.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a superconducting motor showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the rotation axis which is the load axis, 2
is a rotating body attached to the rotating shaft 1, and the rotating body 2 is
A disc-shaped non-magnetic material 3 made of epoxy resin, for example, and a plurality of blades 4 embedded in the periphery of the non-magnetic material 3 and bent in the center and made of a superconductor.
formed by

Reference numerals 5 and 6 denote an upper stator and a lower stator, respectively, which are arranged coaxially with the rotating body 2 with respect to the rotating shaft 1 and with the rotating body 2 sandwiched between the upper stator 5 and the lower stator 6. The upper stator 5 and the lower stator 6 are respectively embedded in disc-shaped non-magnetic bodies 58 and 6A and non-magnetic bodies 5A and 6A, respectively, and become rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnets 5B and 6B. Additionally, holes 5C and 6C are provided in the upper stator 5 and the lower stator 6 for passing the rotating shaft 1 therethrough.

The second section regarding the operation of the superconducting motor based on the above-mentioned configuration.
This will be explained with reference to the figures and FIG.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the view along arrow C in FIG. 1.

As shown in the figure, the magnetic lines of force generated by the permanent magnets 5B or 6B cannot enter the inside of the blade 4 due to the Meissner effect in the blade 4 made of a superconductor, and form a magnetic field line distribution indicated by 5D or 6D in the figure. do. As a result, the blade 4 receives a relatively repulsive force from the permanent magnet 5B or 6B. The tangential components of these repulsive forces on the circumference of the rotating body 2, ie, the forces indicated by T and T' in the figure, constitute a moment for rotating the rotating body 2. This allows the rotating body 2 to rotate.

In addition, the rotation axis direction (thrust direction) component of the above repulsive force,
That is, the forces indicated by S and S' in the figure are
If the strength of the magnetic fields generated by B and 6B is appropriately determined, the axial position of the rotating body 2 can be maintained without contacting the stators 5 and 6. In other words, if some external force that disturbs this position acts and the rotating body 2 tries to change its position relative to the stators 5 and 6, and therefore the magnetic field line distribution tries to change, the change causes Forces act to counteract change.

The axial component of the force generated by the above-mentioned magnetic field line distribution, S
An axial bearing action is possible due to the action of forces denoted by and S'.

Further, it will be explained with reference to FIG. 3 that the magnetic field line distribution 5D or 6D shown in FIG. 2 provides a bearing action in the radial direction.

FIG. 3 shows the magnetic field line distribution in the blade 4.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shape of the blade 4 is such that a rectangular plate is bent at the center and side end plates are arranged on the sides thereof. Therefore, the magnetic lines of force generated by the permanent magnets 5B or 6B penetrate into the side end plates due to the Meissner effect, resulting in a magnetic line of force distribution 8 as shown in FIG. 3 (8).

Forces indicated by f and f' in the figure act due to this magnetic force line distribution 8.

When the rotating body 2 maintains its radial position relative to the stators 5 and 6, f and f' equilibrium (f=f'
), but if an attempt is made to change the position by some external force, the equilibrium of f and f' will be disrupted, but for the same reason as mentioned above, a force acts to return to the equilibrium state. This allows a radial bearing action.

Note that to start the superconducting motor shown above, for example, first the rotating body 2 and the stators 5 and 6 are placed in a separated state, and then brought close to each other by some mechanical means, and then the stator 5 is placed in a predetermined position. If and 6 are fixed, the rotating body 2 starts rotating by this operation. Alternatively, if an electromagnet is used instead of a permanent magnet, the rotating body 2 will start rotating by energizing the electromagnet after assembling the motor as usual.

As is clear from the above, the stator and rotating body can rotate without mechanical contact, and various adverse effects caused by mechanical friction, such as abrasion 1 heat generation and noise, can be prevented, and the motor has a simple structure. is obtained.

Furthermore, if a permanent magnet is used as the magnetic field generating means, semi-permanent rotation is possible.

Note that the permanent magnets 5B and 6B shown in FIG. 2 do not necessarily have to be located at the same position, but may be located at different positions.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the rotating body receives a relative force from the stator due to the Meissner effect in the superconductor in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, This force makes it possible to rotate the rotating body and maintain its position in the thrust direction and radial direction.

As a result, a bearing action that eliminates mechanical contact between the rotating body and the stator has become possible, and a superconducting motor with a simple structure and smooth rotation without friction has become possible.

Additionally, since there is no friction due to rotation, wear, heat generation, noise, etc. can be prevented.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a superconducting motor showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view showing a partially enlarged view taken from arrow C in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 Figures (8) and (B) are a top view and a front view, respectively, of the blades shown in Figures 1 and 2. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Rotating shaft, 2...Rotating body, 3.58, 68...Nonmagnetic material, 4...Blade, 5...Upper stator, 6...Lower stator, 5B, 6B... Permanent magnet, 5C:, 6G... Hole, 5D, IiD, 8... Magnetic field line distribution. O Ward Ward

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A plurality of superconducting blades around a rotating shaft, each consisting of two surfaces provided at a predetermined angle and side end plates provided on the sides of the surfaces. a rotating body provided with a plurality of magnetic field generating means capable of facing one of the two surfaces of each of the plurality of blades of the rotating body;
a second surface that can face the stator and the other of the two surfaces;
A superconducting motor comprising: a stator; the rotating body is sandwiched between the first stator and the second stator.