JPH01222676A - Superconducting motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively utilize Meissner effect by holding the rotation of a rotor and a position in a radial directions by means of Meissner effect of a superconductor in a magnetic field of magnetic field generating means. CONSTITUTION:A superconducting motor has a rotary shaft 1 as a load shaft, and a rotor 2 mounted thereon. The rotor 2 is composed of a disclike nonmagnetic element 2A formed at its outer periphery in an wavy continuously uneven curved shape, and a superconductor 3 adhered in a predetermined thickness along the curved surface of the element. A stator 6 has an electromagnet 4, a rack 9 and a pinion 10, and a pulse motor 11 for rotating them, thereby switching the direction of its magnetic field. The position of the rotor 2 with respect to the stator 6 is held by bearings in a thrust direction and in a radial direction by the mutual effect of the superconducting plate 3 and an electromagnet 4. Thus, when an exciting pulse 7 is applied to the electromagnet 4, a line-of- magnetic force distribution 8 is formed by the Meissner effect or the like thereby to generate a repulsion force, thereby rotating the rotor 2.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The invention relates to superconducting motors.

[Prior Art] Conventional common motors, such as unipolar motors, utilize torque generated by passing a direct current through brushes through a rotor conductor placed in a magnetic field. Also,
In a brushless motor, torque is obtained by the interaction between a permanent magnet as a rotor and a current flowing in an armature conductor as a stator, and the current flowing in the armature is controlled by an electronic circuit.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in the above motor, due to reasons such as passing current through the rotor conductors through brushes, the rotor rotates without mechanical contact, and as a result, friction occurs. Energy loss due to such factors cannot be avoided, and power must always be supplied to the rotor and armature while the motor is being driven.

On the other hand, there are some that use magnetic repulsion to generate torque to rotate the rotor, but in this regard, the recent appearance of oxide high-temperature superconductors has made it easier to utilize the Meissner effect in superconductors. It's coming.

As an example of a motor that utilizes the Meissner effect, a motor manufactured by Sanyo Electric, for example, is described in the Nihon Keizai Shimbun. This motor utilizes the property of superconductors repelling magnets, that is, the Meissner effect, and has a diameter of 6 cm.
It consists of a resin ring with 16 disks made of ceramics/superconducting materials and vanes. When half of this motor is immersed in liquid nitrogen, turned into a superconducting state, and a permanent magnet is applied, the impeller rotates, at a maximum of 20 to 3 rotations per minute.
It will be around 0 rotations.

The wooden invention was made from the perspective of utilizing the Meissner effect in superconductors, and its purpose was to eliminate as much as possible the intervention of mechanical contact in the rotation of the motor, and to further improve the efficiency of the Meissner effect. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a superconducting motor for practical use.

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve this, the present invention provides a rotor whose outer peripheral side face is a continuous concave-convex curved surface and the concave-convex curved surface is made of a superconductor; It is characterized by comprising a stator having a plurality of magnetic field generating means that can face each of the magnetic fields in two directions and selectively generate and eliminate a magnetic field.

[Function] According to the above configuration, the rotor receives a relative force from the stator due to the Meissner effect in the superconductor in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, and this force causes the rotation of the rotor and the radial direction. It becomes possible to hold the position.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a superconducting motor showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the rotation axis which is the load axis, 2
is a rotor attached around the rotating shaft 1. The rotor 2 has a disk-shaped outer circumferential portion in the shape of a continuous wavy concave-convex curved surface, and this shape is such that the concave portions of the curved surface are arranged at 16 locations symmetrical to the center of the disk, and are made of Ak, epoxy resin, etc. A superconductor 3 is bonded to a predetermined thickness along the concavo-convex curved surface of the non-magnetic body 2A. Reference numeral 6 denotes a stator which has a ring-shaped form and is made of a non-magnetic material such as epoxy resin, and has 16 electromagnets 4 around the stator at symmetrical positions with respect to the center of the circle. The electromagnet 4 is configured with a rack 9, a pinion 10, and a pulse motor 11 that rotates the pinion 10.
The direction of the magnetic field can be changed by changing the direction of the magnetic field. Although not shown in the figure, each of the electromagnets 4 is provided with a configuration for changing the direction.

The position of the rotor 2 facing the stator 6 is held in the thrust direction by a bearing means (not shown) via the rotating shaft 1, and in the radial direction, it is held by a superconductor plate 3 and an electromagnet 4 as described later. By being held by interaction with the superconductor 3 and the electromagnet 4, the superconductor 3 and the electromagnet 4 are positioned so as to be able to face each other.

2 and 3 are top views for explaining the operating principle of the rotor 2. FIG. As shown in these figures, when an excitation pulse 7 is applied to the electromagnet 4, the electromagnet 4 generates a magnetic field opposing one side of the recess of the superconductor 3, and the Meissner effect in the superconductor 3 and the magnetic field are combined. A magnetic field line distribution 8 is formed by the interaction. This magnetic field line distribution 8 generates a repulsive force between the superconductor 3 and the electromagnet 4.

The tangential component of this repulsive force to the circle formed by the rotor 2 and stator 6 constitutes a moment for rotating the rotor 2. This allows the rotor 2 to rotate in opposite directions indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2 or 3.

Further, the electromagnet 4 is rotated around the circular arc shaft 5 by the above-mentioned pulse motor 11 and the rotational force transmission mechanism, and can assume two orientations as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3.

Therefore, by changing the ratio of the number of electromagnets 4 in each direction shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 2 speeds can be controlled.

Furthermore, the radial component of the repulsion force described above is balanced under the condition that the electromagnets 4 located at symmetrical positions with respect to the center of the rotor 2 are both excited, and if some external force acts to disturb this balance, , the change in the magnetic field line distribution generates a force that tends to return to equilibrium and holds the rotor 2 in a predetermined position in the radial direction. As a result, for example, by reducing the load on the auxiliary bearing or by appropriately excitation of the electromagnet, it becomes possible to perform a bearing action in the radial direction.

In the above example, the direction of the electromagnet can be changed, but if this direction is fixed in advance and the arrangement of the electromagnets is appropriately determined, the same effect as in the above example can be obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the rotor receives a relative force from the stator due to the Meissner effect in the superconductor in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, This force allows the rotor to rotate and maintain its position in the radial direction.

As a result, it was possible to obtain a superconducting motor in which mechanical contact during rotation of the motor was eliminated as much as possible.

Additionally, we were able to create a superconducting motor that makes more efficient use of the Meissner effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a superconducting motor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are top views for explaining the operating principle of the superconducting motor shown in FIG. 1. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Rotating shaft, 2...Rotor, 2A...Nonmagnetic material, 3...Superconductor, 4...Electromagnet, 5...Circular shaft, 6...Stator, 7... Excitation pulse, 8... Magnetic gamma ray distribution, 9... Rack, 10... Pinion IX... Pulse motor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A rotor whose outer peripheral side face is a continuous uneven curved surface and the uneven curved surface is made of a superconductor, and each of the concave curved surfaces of the uneven curved surface provided around the rotor, and 2 1. A superconducting motor comprising: a stator having a plurality of magnetic field generating means that can face each other in different directions and selectively generate and eliminate a magnetic field. 2) The superconducting motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the opposing directions in the magnetic field generating means and/or generation and extinction of the magnetic field in the plurality of magnetic field generating means are changed. How to drive the motor. 3) A rotor whose outer peripheral side face is a continuous uneven curved surface, and the uneven curved surface is made of a superconductor; 1. A superconducting motor comprising: a stator having a plurality of magnetic field generating means that face each other in either direction and selectively generate or eliminate a magnetic field. 4) A method for driving a superconducting motor according to claim 3, characterized in that generation and extinction of the magnetic field in the plurality of magnetic field generating means are changed.