JPH01218369A - Superconducting motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a structure by holding the rotation of a rotor and its position in a radial direction by means of Meissner effect of a superconductor in a magnetic field generated from magnetic field generating means. CONSTITUTION:A superconducting motor is composed of a rotary shaft 1 which becomes a load shaft, a rotor 2 mounted on the periphery of the shaft 1, a stator 6 formed of a ringlike nonmagnetic unit, and 16 electromagnets 4 provided on the periphery of the stator 6. The rotor 2 has 16 wedgelike recesses in a point symmetry with respect to the central point of a circle on its disclike peripheral edge, and a nonmagnetic unit 2A superconducting plates 3A-3B adhered to the two faces of the recesses. The position of the rotor 2 facing the stator 6 is held by bearings through the shaft 1 in a thrust direction, and held by the synergistic action of the plates 3A-3B and an electromagnet 4. Thus, an exciting pulse is applied to the magnet 4, a repelling force is generated by the Meissner effect of the plates 3A-3B, thereby rotating the rotor 2.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to superconducting motors.

[Prior Art] Conventional common motors, such as unipolar motors, utilize torque generated by passing a direct current through brushes through a rotor conductor placed in a magnetic field. Also,
In a brushless motor, torque is obtained by the interaction between a permanent magnet as a rotor and a current flowing in an armature conductor as a stator, and the current flowing in the armature is controlled by an electronic circuit.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above motor, the rotor rotates while mechanically contacting the rotor conductor due to current flowing through the brush, etc. Energy loss is inevitable, and power must always be supplied to the rotor and armature while the motor is running.

On the other hand, there are some that use magnetic repulsion as torque to rotate the rotor, and in this regard, the recent appearance of oxide high-temperature superconductors is making it easier to utilize the Meissner effect in superconductors. .

As an example of a motor using the Meissner effect, a motor manufactured by Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. is described in the Nihon Keizai Shimbun. This motor has the property that superconductors repel magnets,
That is, it utilizes the Meissner effect, and is composed of a resin ring with a diameter of 6c+a and 16 disks made of ceramic superconducting material provided with blades. When this motor is half immersed in liquid nitrogen, turned into a superconducting state, and a permanent magnet is applied, the impeller rotates at a maximum speed of 2 rotations per minute.
It will be around 0-30 rotations.

The present invention was made from the viewpoint of utilizing the Meissner effect in superconductors, and its purpose is to eliminate as much as possible the intervention of mechanical contact involved in the rotation of the motor, and to have a simple structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a superconducting motor that makes efficient use of the Meissner effect.

[Means for Solving the Problems] To this end, the present invention provides a rotor having a plurality of pairs of superconductors arranged at a predetermined angle on the outer periphery; It is characterized by comprising a stator having a plurality of magnetic field generating means that can selectively face each of the paired superconductors and selectively generate and eliminate a magnetic field.

[Function] According to the above configuration, the rotor receives a relative force from the stator due to the Meissner effect in the superconductor in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, and this force causes the rotation of the rotor and the radial direction. It is possible to hold the position at

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a superconducting motor showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the rotation axis which is the load axis, 2
is a rotor attached around the rotating shaft 1. The rotor 2 has 16 wedge-shaped recesses at symmetrical positions with respect to the center of the circle on the peripheral edge of the disc, and ^1. It consists of a non-magnetic material 2^ formed of epoxy resin or the like, and superconductor plates 3^ and 3B adhered to two surfaces of the concave portion of the non-magnetic material 2^, respectively. A stator 6 has a ring shape and is made of a non-magnetic material such as Aρ or epoxy resin, and has 16 electromagnets 4 at symmetrical positions with respect to the center of a circle around the stator.

The electromagnet 4 changes direction in two directions by means not shown,
Stator 6 of rotor 2 that can switch the direction of the magnetic field
In the thrust direction, the positions facing the superconductor plates 3A and 3B are held by bearing means (not shown) via the rotating shaft 1, and in the radial direction, the superconductor plates 3A and 3B are
By being held by the interaction between the superconductor plate 3A or 3B and the electromagnet 4, the superconductor plate 3A or 3B and the electromagnet 4 are positioned so as to be able to face each other.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are top views for explaining the operating principle of the rotor. As shown in these figures, when an excitation pulse 7 is applied to the electromagnet 4, the electromagnet 4 generates a magnetic field, and a magnetic field line distribution 8 is formed by the interaction between the Meissner effect and the magnetic field in the superconductor plate 3A or 3B. This magnetic force line distribution 8 generates a repulsive force between the superconductor 3A or 3B and the electromagnet 4.

The tangential component of this repulsive force to the circle formed by the rotor 2 and stator 6 constitutes an element for rotating the rotor 2. This allows the rotor 2 to rotate in opposite directions indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2 or 3. Further, the electromagnet 4 is connected to the arc shaft 5 by means not shown.
It is possible to rotate around the center and assume two orientations as shown in FIG. 2 or 3. Therefore, by changing the ratio of the number of electromagnets 4 in each direction shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 2 speeds can be controlled.

Moreover, the radial component of the repulsive force described above is balanced on the condition that the electromagnets 4 located symmetrically with respect to the center of the rotor 2 are both excited, and the rotor 2 is held in a predetermined position in the radial direction. . As a result, for example, by reducing the load on the auxiliary bearing or by appropriately excitation of the electromagnet, it becomes possible to perform a bearing action in the radial direction.

In the above example, the direction of the electromagnet can be changed, but if this direction is fixed in advance and the arrangement of the electromagnets is appropriately determined, the same effect as in the above example can be obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the rotor receives a relative force from the stator due to the Meissner effect in the superconductor in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, This force allows the rotor to rotate and maintain its position in the radial direction.

As a result, the mechanical contact involved in the rotation of the motor is eliminated as much as possible, and a superconducting motor with a simple structure can be obtained.

Additionally, we were able to create a superconducting motor that makes more efficient use of the Meissner effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a superconducting motor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are top views for explaining the operating principle of the superconducting motor shown in FIG. 1. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rotating shaft, 2... Rotor, 28... Non-magnetic material, 3^, 3B... Superconductor plate, 4... Electromagnet, 5... Arc shaft, 6... ... Stator, 7... Excitation pulse, 8... Magnet line distribution.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A rotor having a plurality of pairs of superconductors arranged at a predetermined angle on an outer periphery; and a rotor provided around the rotor, the pair of superconductors arranged at a predetermined angle. 1. A superconducting motor comprising: a stator having a plurality of magnetic field generating means that can selectively face each of the magnetic fields and selectively generate and eliminate a magnetic field. 2) The superconducting motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the opposing directions in the magnetic field generating means and/or generation and extinction of the magnetic field in the plurality of magnetic field generating means are changed. How to drive the motor. 3) a rotor having a plurality of pairs of superconductors arranged at a predetermined angle on the outer periphery; and a rotor provided around the rotor and facing one of the pair of superconductors, A superconducting motor comprising: a stator having a plurality of magnetic field generating means for selectively generating and extinguishing a magnetic field. 4) A method for driving a superconducting motor according to claim 3, characterized in that generation and extinction of the magnetic field in the plurality of magnetic field generating means are changed.