JPH0120938B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Claim 1: A removable box-shaped housing having an upper part and a lower part interconnected by a removable coupling device, parallel plates arranged inside the housing, at least one of said plates. In a horizontal rolling mill, the housing 1 is reciprocably mounted on a guide member, and comprises wedge-shaped plastic deformation tools mounted on the surfaces of the plates and facing each other, and a drive device connected to at least one of the plates. Along the junction of the contact surfaces of the upper part 2 and the lower part 3 there is provided a projection 13 received in a corresponding recess, said projection 13 being provided with a coaxial opening therethrough, so that the upper and lower parts of the housing 1 It has a cylindrical part 16 disposed within the opening of the protrusion 13 on one part of the housing 1 and an irregularly shaped part 17 disposed within the opening of the protrusion 13 on the other part of the housing 1, each irregularly shaped part 17
A mill characterized in that rotary pins 14 and 15 are inserted through the through openings and have cross sections such that the arc of contact between the inner surface of the opening of the projection 13 and the inner surface of the opening of the projection 13 is defined by a central angle smaller than 180°.

2. Each irregularly shaped portion 17 of the rotating pins 14 and 15 has an arcuate cross-sectional shape with a radius equal to the radius of the opening of the protrusion 13, and the center of each irregularly shaped portion is on the central axis of the corresponding rotating pin 14 or 15. A mill according to claim 1, characterized in that:

3. Each irregularly shaped portion 17 of the rotating pins 14 and 15 is made in the shape of a cylinder that is eccentric with respect to the cylindrical portion 16, and has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical portion, and the eccentricity is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical portion 16. Unusual part 17
equal to 1/2 of the difference between the diameter of
A mill according to claim 1.

4. Each irregularly shaped portion 17 of the rotating pins 14 and 15 is constituted by conjugate cylindrical surfaces 19 and 20, the radius of each conjugate surface is equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion 16, the central axis of each conjugate surface is parallel, and the contact cylinder It is noted that the central axis of the surface 20 coincides with the central axis of the corresponding rotating pin 14 or 15, and that the central axis of the other cylindrical surface 19 is offset along the radius of this cylindrical surface towards the contact cylindrical surface 20. A mill according to claim 1, characterized in that:

5 The upper part of the housing 1, opposite at least one of the profiled parts of each rotation pin 14 and 15, is provided with a through-threaded opening, a screw 21 is screwed into said threaded opening, and the corresponding profiled part 17 A mill according to claim 1, characterized in that it is deeply screwed into the mill.

6. Mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the rotary pins 14 and 15 projecting from the housing 1 are connected to a rotary drive 23 via a reduction gearing 24.

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to processing equipment for plastic metal processing, and more particularly to cross rolling mills.

PRIOR ART Horizontal rolling mills were developed relatively long ago, are widely used in the industry, and despite constant improvements in their design, do not hold the billet to be rolled between forming elements. Until now, it has been impossible to do without. The need to grip the workpiece arises when the workpiece is insufficiently preheated or when the operating conditions of the rolling or shaping tool are not correct. The amount of losses that a company has to bear in a given emergency situation depends on the fact how quickly the hot billet can be removed from the mill after it has been grabbed. In this case, the losses depend not only on the working time that could have been utilized during the downtime, but also on the cost of the damaged building tools. Under conditions of prolonged contact between the hot billet and the forming tool, the metal of the forming tool undergoes undesirable phase transformations (such as occur during tempering, for example). Diffusion bonding may also occur between the billet and the tool, but if this occurs, the tool will naturally be damaged.

Attempts to develop mill designs with devices for rapid accident removal are well known in the art (GDR Patent No. 58480). According to this patent, the mill includes a non-removable housing in which parallel plates carrying shaping tools are disposed for reciprocating movement. With this mill, it is only necessary to rotate the roll shaft to grip the billet, and the billet can then be removed from the mill. The mill can therefore be loosened relatively quickly (to remove the billet), which is a clear advantage of the mill described above. However, this design, which incorporates bearing rollers and eccentric shafts into the mill, has a detrimental effect on the rigidity of the mill. During operation of the mill, the eccentric shaft undergoes bending deformations due to the action of large loads (up to 30 tons), thereby changing the distance between the forming tools. Even if the amount of deflection is small, it is sufficient to cause a defective product.
For this reason, the above-mentioned mills can only be used for billets that have been rolled and may then be additionally turned.

Transverse rolling mill disclosed in U.S. Pat.
The mill includes a removable box-shaped housing having an upper part and a lower part. The upper part of the housing has a plurality of It is fastened to the lower part by several screws.A parallel plate is arranged inside the housing.
One of the plates is mounted on a reciprocating guide member, while the other plate is rigidly fastened to the housing. The movable plates, on which wedge-shaped plastic deformation tools are fixed on each of the opposing surfaces of the plates, are connected to a drive device for moving the movable plates. The relatively high stiffness of such a mill is ensured by the fact that these plates are directly supported by a housing which has a stiffness considerably higher than the stiffness of the eccentric shaft of similar mills mentioned above. However, the increased stiffness of the structures described above has resulted in a certain reduction in critical operability, such as serviceability. In particular, if you were to use this mill to grip the billet, you would have to loosen as many as 50 screws to release the upper plate and remove the billet. It is clear that such an operation takes a considerable amount of time, during which time the thermal billet raises the local temperature of the plastically deformed tool to dangerous limits (e.g., to a temperature at which phase transformation of the metal of the tool begins). It is. It should be noted that any attempts to eliminate this disadvantage by reducing the number of fastening screws have been unsuccessful as this has led to a considerable reduction in the stiffness of the mill.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides that the design of the housing with removable coupling devices of the parts of the housing ensures a sufficiently high rigidity and that the plate can be quickly disposed inside the housing with minimal loss of time. The object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal rolling mill that allows a wide range of release.

The object is a horizontal rolling mill as described below, comprising a removable box-shaped housing having an upper part and a lower part interconnected by a removable coupling device, arranged inside the housing. parallel plates, at least one of the plates being reciprocably mounted on a guide member, wedge-shaped plastic deformation tools held on the surfaces of the plates and facing each other;
and a drive device connected to at least one of said plates, according to the invention, which is received in a corresponding recess along the joint of the contact surfaces of the upper part and the lower part of the housing. a protrusion 13, a through-coaxial opening being bored in the protrusion;
It has a cylindrical part disposed within the opening of the protrusion 13 in one of the upper and lower parts of the housing, and an irregularly shaped part disposed inside the opening of the protrusion in the other part of the housing, and each irregularly shaped part is disposed inside the opening of the protrusion 13 in the other part of the housing. Rotating pin 1 having a cross section such that the arc of contact between the part and the inner part of the projection is determined by a central angle smaller than 180°
4 and 15 are inserted into the through openings. With the above construction of the upper and lower parts of the housing and the connection between the upper and lower parts, the plate (located inside the housing) can be released by rotating two pins through an angle of 180 DEG. In the working position, the rotating pin supports the load over its entire length and still ensures a sufficiently high stiffness during operation under shear forces.

A device which is very simple and also very suitable to manufacture has an arcuate cross-sectional shape in which the radius of each profiled part of the rotating pin is equal to the radius of the opening of the projection, and the center of each profiled part is the center of the corresponding rotating pin. This is a deformation device characterized by being located on the axis. Such a deforming device can be used in mills for rolling small workpieces. According to another embodiment of the invention, the profiled part of the rotating pin is made in the shape of a cylinder eccentric with respect to said cylindrical part and has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical part, the eccentricity of the cylindrical part being It is equal to 1/2 of the difference between the diameter of and the diameter of the irregular part. Such rotating pins have high strength and a diameter of 40
It can be used to produce workpieces up to mm.

The device is highly reliable in operation because each irregularly shaped part of the rotating pin is defined by a conjugate cylindrical surface,
The radius of each conjugate surface is equal to the radius of the cylindrical part, and the central axes of each conjugate surface are parallel to each other, and the central axis of the contacting cylindrical surface coincides with the central axis of the corresponding rotating pin, and the central axis of the other cylindrical surface is a deformation device characterized in that it is offset along the radius of this cylindrical surface towards the contact cylindrical surface.

In order to precisely fasten the rotary pins in the working position, the upper part of the housing 1, opposite at least one of the profiled parts of each rotary pin, is provided with a through-threaded opening into which the screw 21 is screwed. It is desirable that the screws are threaded deeply into the corresponding profile.

In the case of rolling mills for rolling large workpieces, the end of the rotary pin, which projects from the housing, is preferably connected to the rotary drive via a reduction gear.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the attached drawings, the first
The figure shows a partially cutaway side view of the horizontal rolling mill of the invention. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the mill of the invention along the line of FIG. 1 (the billet is not shown).
FIG. 3 shows a portion of the protrusion and the cylindrical portion of the rotating pin in cross section according to the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of the rotating pin of the present invention, and shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of the irregularly shaped portion and the protrusion of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the rotating pin of the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the rotating pin of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a mill according to the invention, which is equipped with a fastening device for a rotating pin and a drive device for rotating the rotating pin.

Embodiments of the Invention The horizontal rolling mill of the invention includes a housing (FIG. 1) having a box-shaped configuration. This housing consists of an upper part 2 and a lower part 3. Inside the housing 1 parallel plates 4 and 5 are arranged. At least one of these plates, in the example shown the upper plate 4, is mounted slidably on a guide member 6 fixed to the upper part 2 and is adapted to be reciprocated by an operating cylinder 8. It's summery. The lower plate 5 is fixed to the housing 1 so as not to move. A drive device 7 in the form of an operating cylinder 8 is carried in the housing 1,
The rod of this cylinder is connected to the top plate 4. It is clear that even if both the upper plate 4 and the lower plate 5 are made movable, the essence of the invention remains unchanged.

Plastic deformation tools 9 and 10 are attached to the upper plate 4 and the lower plate 5. These tools 9 and 10 are fixed to the surfaces of plates 4 and 5 facing each other. The wedge-shaped plastic deformation tools 9 and 10 are oriented such that their peaks face each other. A shelf 11 is disposed in front of the lower plate 5, and a billet 12 to be rolled is placed on the shelf prior to the start of processing.

According to the invention, several protrusions and corresponding recesses are arranged along the joint points of the contact surfaces of the upper part 2 and the lower part 3 of the housing 1. The projections 13 of the upper part 2 are introduced into corresponding recesses of the lower part 3. The projections 13 of the lower part 3 are introduced into corresponding recesses of the upper part 2 of the housing 1. A through-coaxial opening is drilled into said projection 13 of the upper part 2 and lower part 3. Rotating pins 14 and 15
(FIG. 2) is inserted into the opening. Each rotating pin,
For example, the pin 14 has a cylindrical portion 16 and an irregularly shaped portion 17.
Equipped with. The cylindrical part 16 is placed in the opening of the projection 13 in the lower part 3 of the housing 1 (FIG. 3).
However, the irregularly shaped part 17 is the upper part 2 of the housing 1.
is disposed within the opening of the protrusion 13 of. Each irregularly shaped part 1
7 has such a cross-section that the arc 18 at which this irregular part comes into contact with the inner surface of the opening drilled in the projection 13 is defined by a central angle α smaller than 180°. As long as this condition is satisfied, the cross section of the irregularly shaped portion 17 can take various shapes.

The reason why the center angle of the contact arc 18 is made smaller than 180° is as follows. That is, as will be described later, when the rotating pin is rotated 180 degrees, a gap is formed between the irregularly shaped part 18 and the inner surface of the protrusion 13 of the upper part 2. However, if the central angle of the contact arc 18 is
This is because if the angle is 180° or more, even if a gap is created, the inner surface of the protrusion 13 will come into contact with the periphery of the irregularly shaped portion 17 of the pin 14, making it impossible to shift the upper portion 2 upward.

In particular, the modification of the rotating pins 14 and 15 shown in FIG. 4 is very simple and is also suitable for manufacture. As shown in detail in this figure, the irregularly shaped portion 17 has an arcuate cross-section. The radius of this arcuate shape is approximately equal to the radius of the internal opening of the protrusion 13. This arc 18 is defined by a central angle α smaller than 180°. The center O of the arc lies on the geometric center axis of the corresponding rotation pin 14 or 15.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the angular irregular part 1
7 (FIG. 5) is made in the shape of a cylinder. This cylinder of the profiled part is eccentric with respect to the cylindrical part of a given rotary pin 14 or 15. diameter of this cylinder
D ₁ is smaller than the diameter D ₂ of the cylindrical part 16 so that the profiled part 17 does not protrude from the cylindrical part 16 . The eccentricity e is equal to half the difference between the diameter D ₂ of the cylindrical portion 16 and the diameter D ₁ of the irregularly shaped portion 17 (e=D ₂ −D ₁ /2). The central angle α defining the contact arc 18 between the profiled part 17 and the inner surface of the projection 13 is equal to zero in this case (α=O). Therefore, irregularly shaped part 1
7 comes into contact with the inner surface of the protrusion 13 at one generatrix of this inner surface, to explain using mathematical terms. A gap having a sickle-shaped cross section is formed between the remainder of the irregularly shaped portion 17 and the inner surface of the protrusion 13.

According to a third embodiment of the invention, the rotating pin 1
As shown in detail in FIG.
9 and 20. Said conjugate plane 19
and 20 are both equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion 16. The geometric center axis of the contact surface 20 is the rotation pin 1
It coincides with the central axis of 4 or 15. Other cylindrical surface 1
The geometric center axis of 9 is parallel to the geometric center axis of the contact surface 20 and is offset along a radius towards this contact surface 20. Therefore, the conjugate surface 19 of the irregularly shaped portion 17 and the inner surface of the opening provided in the protrusion 13 form a gap having a sickle-shaped cross section.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention (FIG. 7), a threaded through opening is arranged in the upper part of the housing, opposite at least one of the profiled parts 17 of each rotary pin 14, 15. Screws 21 are screwed into these openings to form irregularly shaped portions 17 corresponding to the openings.
penetrate deeply into

Rotating pins 14 and 1 protrude from the housing 1
The end 22 of 5 can be made in the shape of a hexahedron for use with a wrench (FIG. 1). It is possible to fasten to these ends levers or handwheels (not shown) for manual rotation. However, according to the invention, a mill designed for rolling billets with a diameter of 20 to 40 mm is equipped with a rotary drive 23 (FIG. 3). Drive device 23
is carried in the housing 1, and this drive is connected to the ends of the rotary pins 14 and 15 via a reduction gearing 24.

The operation of the above-mentioned mill is as follows.

The billet is sandwiched between plates 4 and 5 on a shelf 11. A pressurized working fluid is supplied and placed into the cavity of the operating cylinder 8. Operation cylinder 8 is plate 4
advance. While doing so, billet 12
is rounded between wedge-shaped plastic deformation tools 9 and 10 to give it the desired shape. In the machining position, the rotating pins 14 and 15 are
It is turned as shown to firmly connect the upper part 2 and lower part 3 of the housing 1.

During rolling, for example, when an accident or emergency occurs that causes the operating cylinder 8 to stop, the tool 9,
In order to avoid jamming of the pillars between the housings 1 and 10, the upper part 2 and the lower part 3 of the housing 1 are separated. Such separation is performed as follows. The operating cylinder 8 is disconnected from a main conduit (not shown) for supplying pressurized operating fluid. Following this,
Rotate the rotation pin 180°. In this position, each profiled portion 17 contacts the opening provided in the protrusion 13 only at its apex. As the rotation pin is turned, a gap is formed from below between each profiled part 17 and the inner surface of the protrusion 13 of the upper part 2, and the upper part 2 can be shifted upwards by this gap. Such an upward shift of the upper portion 2 is
This can be done using any suitable lifting means provided external to the device. The upper part 2 is thus released from the rigid connection with the lower part 3 of the housing 1 and ceases to exert a working effect on the billet 12, so that thermal damage to the tool due to hot billets is avoided. After the emergency is resolved, grab the cold billet and remove it from the mill. For this purpose, it is sufficient to use the actuating cylinder 8 to impart a movement to the plate 4 in a direction opposite to the processing direction. After removal of the billet from the mill, the upper part 2 and lower part 3 of the housing 1 and the rotary pins 14, 15 are returned to their working position.

The mill variant shown in FIG. 7 operates largely in the same manner as described above. However, in the processing position, rotation pins 14 and 15 are fastened together by screws 21. When attempting to grip the billet 12, these screws are loosened. Turning pins 14 and 15 by an angle of 180°
This is achieved by a drive 23 connected to 2'. The drive 23 imparts rotation to the reduction gearing 24 which turns the pins 14 and 15.

Industrial Applicability (Scope of Application) The present invention can be used in mechanical engineering related to the lateral rolling of stepped shafts and other workpieces having the shape of a rotating body.