KR102209657B1 - Four die forging device - Google Patents

Abstract

The 4-die forging machine is designed for forging ingots and billets of various steels and alloys on hydraulic forging presses and radial forging machines. The 4-die forging device includes side slides having a movable upper body, a fixed lower body, and an inclined surface corresponding to the inclined surfaces of the upper and lower bodies and dynamically connected thereto, the slide being displaceably mounted on the bodies, It is connected to the bodies by a guideway having an E-shaped cross section. A die attached by a gripper-type die holding mechanism comprising a screw connection element located on one or both sides of the device and a spring installed to interact with the inner and outer grips is connected to the body and the slide. The dies are formed so that they can be fixed to a special mandrel in a closed state when they are in contact with each other during the die exchange process. The 4-die forging device will ensure an increase in repair service cycle, productivity, reliability and efficiency.

Description

4-die forging device {FOUR DIE FORGING DEVICE}

The present invention relates to the field of general metal processing, and more particularly, 4-die forging that can be used for forging ingots and billets of various steels or alloys on a hydraulic forging press and a radial swaging device. It relates to the device.

The present invention relates to the manufacture of elongated components such as rods, columns, intermediate shafts, torsion bars, and rolling mill rolls, as well as structural steel and stainless steel. It can be applied in the machining and metallurgical industries for the manufacture of forged parts for the subsequent shaping of forged parts of high temperature and difficult to process steels and alloys.

In the prior art (Patent Document 1), a movable upper body having an inclined surface and a fixed lower body, and a side slide having an inclined surface corresponding to the inclined surface of the bodies, and the side slide is dynamically A four-die forging device is known which is connected to the bodies, is movably mounted to the bodies, and the slide is connected to the bodies by a P-shaped cross-section guideway. One side of each guideway is firmly connected to the upper and lower bodies by appropriate pins, and the other side of each guideway is inserted into each groove provided on the slide, and between the guideway and the slide along a sliding surface. There is a gap. The upper and lower bodies are connected to each of the upper and lower dies, and the side dies are connected to the side slides. The die is connected to each body and slide with the help of a P-type clamp and a tie pin emerging through the body and the slide, and the clamp is each protrusion inserted into the body, the slide, and the groove provided on the die. (RU2283718 С2, IPC (2006.01) B21J7/16, B21J13/04, published 20.09.2006).

The disadvantages of the prior art are that the guideway wears on the sliding surface and is relatively efficient due to insufficient long repair service and time-consuming die replacement procedure due to the tendency of score build, which is a line of the body. Is that it is low.

The prior art most similar to the claimed device (Patent Document 2) includes a movable upper body and a fixed lower body having an inclined surface, side slides dynamically connected to the bodies, and the side slides are formed on the upper and lower bodies. It is a 4-die forging device that has an inclined surface corresponding to the inclined surface, and is installed displaceable with respect to the upper and lower bodies by a guideway having an F-shaped cross section.

The central portion of the guideway is firmly connected to the upper and lower bodies by pins, and a gap exists between the guideway and the slide along the sliding surface. The upper and lower dies are connected to the upper and lower bodies, respectively, and the side dies are connected to the slide. The die is fixed to each body and slide by a P-type clamp and a tie pin protruding through the body and the slide, and the clamp is each protrusion inserted into the body, the slide, and a groove provided in the die. (KR10-1189333(B1), IPC(2006.01) B21J13/02, B21J7/16; B21J3/00, published 09.10.2012).

In the apparatus of the prior art, a certain amount of repair-free service period is achieved through the application of the F-type guideway.

However, the device according to the prior art has disadvantages of low productivity and low reliability for the following reasons.

-Possibility of misalignment and jamming of the sliding surface of the body and slide, failure to synchronize the movement of the slide, abrasion of the guideway due to the lack of bonding strength of the guideway to the body causing damage to the guideway, and repair service intervals Shortening of

-A lot of work done for die replacement, such as removing pins and clamps and re-installing pins and clamps for additionally mounted dies, the time-consuming and labor-intensive die-changing process that all of this results in

-All 4-dies cannot be exchanged at once

(Prior technical literature)

1. Russian Patent Publication No. 2283718

2. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1189333

Basically, the present invention aims to improve the 4-die forging device in order to smoothly move the body and the slide by introducing appropriate design changes, and to avoid misalignment and jamming along the sliding surface.

In addition, the present invention aims to achieve a quick and reliable connection of the die to each body and slide so as to ensure synchronized movement of the slide and disassemble the die without the need to remove the clamp from the forging device.

In addition, the present invention aims to allow the die set to be stored outside the working area on a special tool rack, thereby exchanging all four dies at once on a special mandrel.

As a result, it is possible to achieve improved productivity, improved efficiency and high operational reliability by extending the repair service period of the forging device.

The object is a movable upper body and a fixed lower body having an inclined surface; The bodies are dynamically connected to the body, have inclined surfaces corresponding to inclined surfaces of the upper and lower bodies, are movably mounted on the upper and lower bodies, and are movably mounted on the upper and lower bodies, and through a center web thereof Side slides rigidly connected to the body and connected to the bodies by guideways having respective clearances along the sliding surface thereof; An upper die and a lower die respectively connected to the upper and lower bodies; A side die connected to the side slides; is achieved by a 4-die forging device comprising, wherein the dies are formed to be detachable from the body and the slide in the process of exchanging the dies, wherein the guideways are It has an E-shaped cross section, each of which has an auxiliary end web that is rigidly fixed to the bodies, the dies having a screw connection member such as a screw or nut located on one or two sides of the device and internal And a gripper-type fixing mechanism provided with a flexible member such as a spring to enable interaction with the external grip, and the dies are fully closed in contact with each other on a special mandrel during the die exchange process. It is formed to be fixed with.

In addition, the above-described object is a gripper-type die comprising a screw having alternating threads formed at both ends inserted into an axial hole provided on one side of the body or the slide, and a nut screwed to face each other on both sides of the screw. A grip is provided which is achieved by a fixing mechanism and includes a disc spring positioned therebetween, and a respective groove is formed in the die shank to receive the grip.

In addition, the above-described object is provided with a portion formed with a protrusion to enter the groove provided in the die and the shank portion, fixed to the body or slide, and a gripper-type die fixed including a rotatable grip disposed on both sides of the die The grip is provided between the portion in which the protrusion is formed and the rotation shaft hole into which the screw is inserted, and a spring inserted hole capable of interacting with the shank portion of the grip is provided in the body or the slide do.

In addition, the above object is achieved by a gripper-type die fixing mechanism comprising a rotatable grip disposed on both sides of the die, each grip is formed with a protrusion to enter the groove provided in the body or slide, the The grip and the body or slide are provided with aligned holes into which a pin is inserted, the pin has a nut screwed to one end of the pin, and the body or slide is provided with a hole into which a spring is inserted.

Further, the above-described object is achieved by a die with respective holes in which brackets used to close adjacent dies until they come into contact with each other on a special mandrel during the die exchange process are installed.

Further, the above-described object is achieved by a die having aligned holes formed on both sides of the die, and configured to receive fingers set to move by a pusher, the pusher being in contact with each other on a special mandrel during the die exchange process. When closed, it is mounted in an axial hole provided in a special mandrel for each die and is forced to move by rotation of the screw with alternating helix.

The following causal relationship exists between the essential features of this device and the technical achievements.

Guideway with E-shaped cross section has a secondary end web that is firmly fixed to the body, providing a more robust dynamic connection between the body and the slide, reducing misalignment in the sliding pair, and risk of score buildup on each sliding surface. This reduces the synchronous movement of both slides, as well as the smooth, misaligned, and jam-free movement between the body and the slide along the sliding surface, reducing the risk of damage to the guideway, and resulting in a longer service period for the device. And increase in productivity, reliability and efficiency.

In the connection of the die to the body and the slide through a gripper-type fixing mechanism, a screw connection member such as a screw or nut disposed on one or two sides of the die is provided, and is preferably installed to allow interaction with the internal or external grip. Is provided with a flexible member consisting of a spring, which makes it possible to quickly separate the die from each body and slide, because the grip can be quickly released from the groove provided on the die, and the die without removing the grip. The connection member is possible because the grip can be removed from the body and the slide, and the reason is that the grip is installed inside the fixing device or installed outside the device, and in both cases, it must be made to be bonded and fixed to the body and slide. This is because you have to keep a certain distance from them. Thus, the connection member and grip release and removal procedures, i.e. the simultaneous release and removal from the two sides of the die and the removal of the die from the device working area, as well as subsequent connections previously required to install a replacement die set. The installation procedure of the member and the grip is eliminated, thereby facilitating the die changing procedure, reducing the time required for this, and ultimately achieving high productivity of the device.

The dies are configured to be fixed to a special mandrel to contact each other in the closed state, making it possible to change all four dies simultaneously. In addition, it becomes possible to install, connect, transport and store fixed dies without having to reinstall the die sets on other mandrels placed on the tool stand, because each die set can be provided on each mandrel, This makes it possible to achieve improved productivity, improved reliability and high efficiency of operation of the device.

1 is a front view of a four-die forging apparatus showing a gripper type die holding mechanism having an inner grip and a released die.
FIG. 2 is an AA cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 showing an apparatus with a closed die.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along BB of FIG. 1.
4 is a front view of the forging device with the die closed and with an external hinged grip.
5 is a cross-sectional view CC of FIG. 4 with a clamped grip.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 4 showing an unclamped grip.
7 is a front view of a forging device with an outer grip with a die closed and two protrusions.
8 is a cross-sectional view of the EE of FIG. 7 with the grip being clamped.
9 is an EE cross-sectional view of FIG. 7 with the grip released.
FIG. 10 is a FF cross-sectional view of FIG. 7 with a compression spring and a clamped grip.
11 is a front view of a four-die forging apparatus showing a special mandrel carrying dies held together by brackets brought into the apparatus working area.
12 is a front view of a special mandrel with a die fixed thereon.
13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line GG of FIG. 12.

The content of the claimed four-die forging device is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a front view of a four-die forging device showing a gripper type die holding mechanism with an inner grip and a released die, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along AA of FIG. 1 showing the device with a closed die, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of a forging device with a closed die and an external hinge grip, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view CC of FIG. 4 with a clamped grip, and FIG. 6 is a view showing an unclamped grip. Fig. 7 is a front view of a forging device having an outer grip with two protrusions with the die closed, Fig. 8 is a EE cross-sectional view of Fig. 7 with the grip clamped, and Fig. 9 is Fig. 7 with the grip released EE section of the figure, Figure 10 is the FF section of Figure 7 with compression springs and clamped grips, Figure 11 is a 4-die forging showing a special mandrel carrying the die held together by a bracket brought into the device working area It is a front view of the device, FIG. 12 is a front view of a special mandrel to which the die is fixed, and FIG. 13 is a GG cross-sectional view of FIG.

The four-die forging device includes a movable upper body 1 and a fixed lower body 2 provided with an inclined surface, and side slides 3 and 4 dynamically connected to the bodies. The side slides have inclined surfaces corresponding to the inclined surfaces of the upper and lower bodies, and are connected to the upper and lower bodies by anti-friction bearings and apart-guiding ways 5 to be displaceable. Mounted (not shown). The guideway 5 provides the reciprocating motion of the slides. An upper die 6 is mounted on the upper body 1, and the lower die 7 is mounted on the lower die 2. The side dies 8 and 9 are connected to the side slides by means of a gripper type fixing mechanism (Figs. 1, 4 and 7). The dies are formed to be detachable from the body and the slide during the exchange of the dies.

The guideways 5 have an E-shaped cross section and are rigidly connected to the body through a center web 10 and an auxiliary end web 11. A gap is provided along the sliding surface between the guideway and the slide (Fig. 2).

The dies are provided with a screw connection (12, 27, 34) of the gripper type fastener, for example a screw or nut located on one or two sides of the device, and, preferably, internal or external grips (14, 20, 29) are connected to the bodies and the slides through elastic elements made of springs (15, 28, 35) mounted to allow interaction (Fig. 1, 3 to 10) gripper type A variety of designs can be implemented as a die fixing mechanism.

For example, the gripper type die fixing mechanism may include a screw 12 inserted into an axial hole provided at one side of the body or slide and having alternating threads at both ends. Nuts 13 are tightened to face each other on a screw, and a grip 14 with a disc spring 15 for compensating thermal expansion is installed therebetween. Here, a reversible lock nut 16 is also installed. A dovetail type die groove 17 for receiving the grip is provided in the die shank portion. Both sides of the screw are covered with a cover 18, and can be adjusted from one side of the screw (FIG. 3).

Further, the gripper-type die fixing mechanism may include hinge-type grips 20 located on both sides of the die. Each of the grips is fixed on the body or slide in a state capable of rotating together with the rotation shaft 21 mounted on the lug 22 fixed on the body or slide, and is pressed by the grip shank 23. As the grip 20 rotates, the protrusion 24 is inserted into the die groove 25 provided in the die and later exits from it. A screw 27 inserted into the hole 26 so as to partially exit from the hole is installed in a grip between the protrusion 24 and the rotation shaft 21, preferably at an intermediate position of the grip, for this purpose The screw is formed to have a hexagonal socket head. A hole through which a spring 28 capable of interacting with the grip shank portion 23 is installed is provided in the body or the slide (FIGS. 4 to 6).

In addition, the gripper type die fixing mechanism may include grips 29 positioned on both sides of the die, and each of the grips includes a body groove 32 provided on the body or slide and a die groove provided on the die ( It is formed to have a protrusion 30 for insertion into 31). Aligned holes in which pins 33 are installed are formed in the grip and body or slide, the pin has a nut 34 screwed to the end of the pin, and a hole for receiving the spring 35 is formed in the body. Alternatively, it is provided on the slide (Figs. 7 to 10).

The dies are formed so that they can be fixed to the special mandrel 36 in a closed state by contacting each other during the die exchange process.

For this purpose, holes are provided in the dies, and the holes serve to accommodate brackets 37 that interconnect adjacent dies when they come into contact with each other on a special mandrel in the process of exchanging dies and are closed (Fig. 11).

Along with this, axial holes 38 are provided to be disposed on two sides of the die to accommodate the fingers 39 displaced by the pushers 40, and the pushers 40 contact each other at the mandrel for die exchange. As the dies are assembled, the screws 41 with alternating threads installed in the axial holes of the special mandrel 36 for each die are displaced by rotation (FIGS. 12-13).

The operation of the 4-die forging device is as follows.

Whenever the movable press cross beam moves upward, the upper body (1) moves upward with the die (6) and at the same time slides (3, 4) moving the dies (8, 9) with the aid of the guideway (5). To open the device working space. Then, the work to be forged is supplied to the work space by a manipulator, not shown. Then, the press begins to perform the working stroke, and the movable press cross beam moves the upper body 1 carrying the die 6 to the work piece, which is swaged (in the vertical plane between the dies 6, 7). swage). At the same time, the slides 3 and 4 carrying the side dies 8 and 9 are also moved toward the work in order to swage the work in radial and tangential directions. When swaging for the work is completed, the movable press cross beam moves upward to open the press working space.

If the die needs to be replaced, a special mandrel 36 is provided to the press working area, and then provided to the position where the die contacts the mandrel and is fixed. For this purpose, adjacent dies, as shown in Fig. 11, can be interconnected from the side by two by brackets 37, and as shown in Fig. 12, optionally, the screw 41 is clockwise from the mandrel. It is rotated (2-5 turns) to actuate the pushers 40 to move toward each other, which pushers further push the fingers 39 to enter the holes 38 provided in the die.

After the die is fixed to the mandrel, the die is separated from the body and slide.

At this time, in the case of a gripper type die fixing mechanism having an inner grip, the screw 12 shown in FIG. 3 rotates clockwise (12 to 13 rotations), and the nut 13 is displaced in the opposite direction. The nut 13 separates the grip 14 from the disc spring 15 with a reversible lock nut 16. As a result, the grip 14 inserted into the dovetail-type die groove 17 of the die comes out of the die groove 17, and the die is separated from the body and the slide.

In the case of a die fixing mechanism with an external hinge grip, a hexagon wrench is inserted into the hexagon socket head of the screw 27 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and by rotating the wrench, the screw 27 comes out of the hole 26 and the body B is pressed against the end face of the slide. When removed by pushing from the end face, the grip 20 rotates around the shaft 21, so that the side portion presses the spring 28 to compress it, and the protrusion 24 comes out from the die groove 25 provided on the die, so that the die is removed. Separated.

In the case of a die holding mechanism having an external grip including two protrusions, the nut 34 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is released at one end of the pin 33 to release the pressure applied to the spring 35 Then, the spring is released and the grip 29 comes out from the die groove 31 and the body groove 32, and the grip is supported by the pin 33 at a certain distance from the body or slide, and the distance is It is formed sufficiently so that installation of the replacement die is not obstructed.

After the die is separated from the body and the slide from the differently and selectively applied die fixing mechanisms as described above, the mandrel 36 carrying a fixed set of dies to be replaced is provided by a manipulator to the device workspace, and is attached to the mandrel. The fixed die set is transferred to a special tool rack where it is stored, and it is not required to separate the die from the mandrel.

On the other hand, another mandrel having a set of dies to be replaced is provided as a working space for the forging device to make contact with the body and slide, and then the die is combined with each body and slide.

At this time, in the case of using a die fixing mechanism having an internal grip, when the screw 12 is rotated counterclockwise (12 to 13 turns) by the nut 19 shown in FIG. 3, the nuts disposed on both sides ( 13) moves toward each other, and both nuts 13 move the disc spring 15 and the grip 14. Next, the die is engaged with the body and the slide as the grip 14 enters the groove 17 provided on the die. In addition, a quarter turn of the screw 12 clockwise operates the disc spring to function as a thermal expansion correction element.

In addition, when using a die holding mechanism with an external hinged grip, the die enters the die groove 25 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 and the two protrusions 24 of the grip 20 are fixed to the groove. Is coupled to the body and slide by means of. For this action, when the hexagon wrench is rotated in the opposite direction in each grip, the screw 27 moves to the grip 20 and the pressure applied to the spring 28 is released. The spring 28 is released to press the shank 23 and then rotates the grip 20 in the opposite direction until the protrusion 24 enters the die groove 25.

Further, in the case of using a die fixing mechanism having an external grip including two protrusions, the nut 34 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is fastened at one end of the pin 33 to be applied to the spring 35. The pressure is increased so that the spring is compressed and the grip 29 is inserted into the die groove 31 and the body groove 32 so that the die is engaged with the body and the slide.

When the bonding procedure is completed, the die is released from the mandrel for the purpose of releasing the bracket 37 shown in FIG. 11 from the adjacent die, or the screw 41 shown in FIG. 12 is rotated counterclockwise in the mandrel. (2-5 turns) to displace the pusher 40 in the opposite direction so that the pusher separates the die from the mandrel for the purpose of causing the finger 39 to come out of the hole 38 provided in the die.

After the die is connected, the die holding mechanism is separated and the dieless mandrel is provided to the working space and transferred to the storage rack. In addition, this mandrel can be used again in the next die change procedure for die set replacement if necessary.

Therefore, the design modification device introduced in this device allows the body and the slide to move together smoothly, without misalignment and without jamming along the sliding surface, and can provide a quick and reliable connection of each body and the slide with the die, and subsequent There is no need to remove the grip from the device in the separation operation. In addition, this design modification device makes it possible to exchange all four dies at the same time in a special mandrel, thereby allowing them to be assembled and stored on the mandrel of a special tool rack. These improvements extend the repair service period of the device and ensure high productivity and improved operational reliability.

1: upper body 2: lower body
3, 4: side slide 5: guideway
6: upper die 7: lower die
8, 9: side die 10: center web
11: auxiliary end web 12: screw
13: nut 14: grip
15: spring 16: lock nut
17: die groove 18: cover
19: nut 20: grip
21: rotating shaft 22: lug
23: shank part 24: protrusion
25: die groove 26: hole
27: screw 28: spring
29: grip 30: protrusion
31: die groove 32: body groove
33: pin 34: nut
35: spring 36: mandrel
37: bracket 38: hole
39: finger 40: pusher
41: screw

Claims (6)

A movable upper body and a fixed lower body having an inclined surface;
Side slides disposed between the upper body and the lower body, movably mounted to and dynamically connected to the upper body and the lower body;
Guideways connected to the side slides while one side is connected to the upper body or the lower body, and the other side has a gap along the sliding surface of the side slides;
Containing an upper die and a lower die connected to the upper and lower bodies, respectively, and side dies connected to the side slides,
The guideways have an E-shaped cross section, each of which has a center web and an auxiliary end web connected to the bodies,
The side slides have inclined surfaces corresponding to the inclined surfaces of the upper body and the lower body, and when the upper body moves up and down, the side slides move along the guideways through the sliding surface, and are fixed to the side slides. Allow the side dies to move open or closed relative to the work piece,
The dies are formed to be detachable from the body and the slide during the exchange of the dies,
The guideway has an E-shaped cross section, each of which has an auxiliary end web securely fixed to the body,
The dies are formed by means of a gripper-type fastener provided with a threaded connection element such as a screw or nut located on one or two sides of the device and a spring-like elastic element that enables interaction with the inner and outer grips, and Is connected to the slide,
The dies are formed to be fixed in a completely closed state in contact with each other on a special mandrel during a die exchange process. The method of claim 1,
The gripper type fixing mechanism,
A screw having alternating threads formed at both ends of the body or inserted into an axial hole provided on one side of the slide, wherein the screw is a nut screwed to face each other at both sides of the screw, and a disk spring installed therebetween 4-die forging device, characterized in that provided with a grip comprising a. The method of claim 1,
The gripper type fixing mechanism,
A portion formed with a protrusion to enter the groove provided in the die and the shank portion is provided, and is fixed to the body or slide, and comprises a hinge-type grip rotatably positioned on both sides of the die, and the portion and the screw in which the protrusion is formed A four-die forging device, characterized in that a grip is provided between the holes of the rotation shaft into which the is inserted, and a hole in which a spring is inserted that can interact with the shank portion of the grip is provided in the body or the slide. The method of claim 1,
The gripper type fixing mechanism,
Consisting of including hinge-type grips located on both sides of the die, each grip is formed to have a protrusion for entering a groove provided in the body or slide, and the aligned hole in which the pin is installed is the grip and the body or slide And a nut is screwed to one end of the pin, and a hole into which a spring is inserted is provided in the body or the slide. The method of claim 1,
Holes are formed in the die, and when the die is closed by contacting each other on a special mandrel during a die exchange process, a bracket connecting adjacent dies is inserted into the holes. The method of claim 1,
Holes aligned on both sides of each die are formed, the holes are for accommodating fingers pushed by a pusher set to operate by an alternating screw, and the screws contact each other on a special mandrel during the die exchange process. A four-die forging device, characterized in that it is installed in an axial hole provided in a special mandrel for each die when the die is closed.

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