JP2020093300A - Four-die forging device - Google Patents

Abstract

SOLUTION: A four-die forging device comprises a movable top body and a stationary bottom body. Lateral slides with oblique surfaces corresponding to oblique surfaces of the top and bottom bodies cinematically are connected to the top and bottom bodies. The lateral slides are mounted in a displaceable manner relative to the bodies while being connected to the bodies by guideways of an E-shaped cross-section. Dies are connected to the bodies and the slides. The dies are attached to the bodies and the slides by gripper-type die- fixing mechanisms. The gripper-type die- fixing mechanisms comprise a threaded connection element located at one or two sides of the device and springs installed with ability to interact with internal and external grips. The dies are formed so that the dies can be fixed on a special mandrel in a die closed state where the dies are contacting each other in a process of changing the dies.EFFECT: In this device, a longer repair-free service life, increase in production output, higher efficiency, and enhancement in operational reliability can be achieved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates generally to the field of metal forging, and more specifically to type 4 forging devices, which include ingots and billets of various steels and alloys on hydraulic forging presses and radial forging machines. Can be used in forging.

The present invention is for producing elongated components such as rods, columns, intermediate shafts, torsion bars, rolling rolls, and the like, as well as forged construction parts, high temperature and difficult to deform stainless steel. And can be used in the machine manufacturing industry and the metallurgical industry to produce forged components for the subsequent formation of alloys.

In the prior art, type 4 forging devices are known, which include a movable upper body having a bevel and a fixed bottom body, and side slides having a bevel corresponding to the bevels of the top and bottom bodies. The slide is kinematically connected to the body and movably mounted relative to the top and bottom bodies, and the slide is connected to the body by a guideway of Π-shaped cross section. One part of each guideway is rigidly connected to the top and bottom bodies by means of suitable pins, while the other parts of each guideway enter the respective grooves provided in the slide, There is a gap with the slide along the sliding surface of the slide. The top and bottom molds are respectively connected to the top and bottom bodies; the side molds are connected to the side slides. The mold is connected to each body and slide with the help of a Π-shaped clamp and tie pins that pass through the body and slide, said clamp including the respective protrusions that enter the body, the slide and the groove provided in the mold. (Russian patent application publication No. 2283718 specification, IPC (2006.01) B21J7/16, B21J13/04, 20.09.2006 publication).

A disadvantage of the known device is its relatively low efficiency, which is caused by its tendency to scratch on the sliding surface, and also by its unsatisfactory long-term procedure, which results from time-consuming mold replacement procedures. This is the result of a repair-free service.

The closest prior art for the claimed device is a 4 type forging device, which comprises a movable top body and a fixed bottom body, both having bevels, and a side slide cinematically connected to said body. And the side slides have slopes corresponding to the slopes provided on the top and bottom bodies, with respect to the top and bottom bodies while being connected to the body by a guideway of F-shaped cross section. It is installed displaceably.

In its central position, the guideway is rigidly connected to the top and bottom bodies by pins, and there is a gap between the guideway and the slide along the sliding surface of the slide. The top and bottom molds are connected to the top and bottom bodies respectively, while the side molds are connected to the side slides. The mold is secured on the respective body and slide by a Π-shaped clamp and tie pins that pass through the body and the slide, the clamp having respective protrusions that enter into a groove provided in the body, the slide and the mold. (Korean Patent No. 10-1189333, IPC (2006.01) B21J13/02, B21J7/16; B21J3/00, 09.10.2012 published).

In the known device, a long service-free life is achieved with an F-shaped guideway.

Disadvantages of known devices, which are the reason for their rather low productivity and insufficient reliability, are: The following is
Possibility of misalignment and jamming of body and slide sliding surface; due to failure of slide movement synchronization, very likely to cause damage to guideway, due to insufficiently strong guideway connection to body Guideway wear and short repair-free service life;
The need for a number of tasks to be carried out to replace the mold, namely the removal of pins and clamps and the re-installation of further pins and clamps on the newly mounted mold; this is all Making mold changes in this device a labor and time consuming procedure;
The impossibility of changing all four types at once.

Russian Patent Application Publication No. 2283718 Korean Patent No. 10-1189333

Basically, the present invention improves the type 4 forging device by introducing appropriate changes in its design to allow the body and slide to move smoothly and to make any mistakes along the slide sliding surface. A quick and reliable mold connection to the respective body and slide of the mold, as well as ensuring that both slides move synchronously, without the need for alignment and jamming, and the need to remove the clamp from the device. Aiming to achieve with the possibility of removing the mold from the body and the slide without the possibility of otherwise; the invention is otherwise provided that the mold set is stored outside the working zone on a special tool rack. As can be done, it aims to change all four types at once on a special mandrel. As a result, a longer repair-free service life of the device can be achieved with increased productivity, better efficiency, and higher operational reliability.

The purpose of this is, in a type 4 forging device, a movable upper body and a fixed bottom body that both have slopes, and side slides that are cinematically connected to the body, the slopes being provided on the top and bottom bodies. Installed displaceably with respect to the top and bottom bodies, while having corresponding slopes, while being connected to the top and bottom bodies by the guideways, the guideways are rigidly connected to the body by the central web of the guideway. , A side slide having respective clearances with the slide along the sliding surface of the slide, and top and bottom molds respectively connected to the top and bottom bodies of the device, while the side molds are connected to the slide In addition, the mold is made such that it can be removed from the body and the slide during the mold changing process, and the guideway has an E-shaped cross section so that the guideway is rigid within the body. Having complementary end webs secured to the mold, while the mold is connected to the body and slide by a gripper type locking mechanism, the gripper type locking mechanism being a threaded connection located on one or two sides of the device. The element comprises elastic elements, preferably springs, mounted with the possibility of interacting with elements, for example screws or nuts, and internal or external grips, the die being on a special mandrel in the die changing process. Achieved by a device in which the molds are designed to be locked in a completely closed mold in contact with each other.

Other than that, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a gripper type mold fixing mechanism, which is a screw and is an axial hole provided on one side surface in the main body or in the slide. Having a thread, with alternating threads on the ends of the thread, having respective nuts threaded from two sides toward each other on the thread; grips, located between the grips A grip is installed, including a disc spring, while each groove is formed in the mold and shank portion to receive the grip.

Further, the above mentioned objects are achieved by a gripper type mold fixing mechanism, which comprises hinged grips located on both sides of the mold, each of the grips on the body or on a slide. A part fixed to the body or slide with the possibility of rotation and having a protrusion designed to fit in a groove provided in the mold and shank part; a part of the grip having a protrusion in said grip And a swing axis of the grip, a hole is provided in which a screw is installed, while a spring is provided in the main body or the slide, the spring being capable of interacting with a shank portion of the grip. Is provided.

The above-mentioned objects are likewise achieved by a gripper type mold fixing mechanism, which comprises hinged grips located on both sides of the mold, each of the grips being in the mold and in the body. Or with a protrusion formed to enter a groove provided in the slide, while the grip and body or slide are provided with aligned holes into which the pin is inserted, and the pin is Has a nut screwed into one end, while the body or slide comprises a hole in which a spring is installed.

The above mentioned objects are further achieved by a mold with respective holes in which the brackets are installed, the brackets being adjacent when the adjacent molds are closed until they come into contact with each other on a special mandrel in the mold changing process. Used to connect molds.

The objects mentioned above are likewise achieved by a mold with aligned holes, which is made on both sides of the mold and intended to receive the fingers to be moved by the pusher, which then rotates the screw. Moved by a screw having alternating threads, and in the mold changing process, when the molds are closed to contact each other on a special mandrel, in the axial holes provided in the special mandrel for each mold. It will be installed.

The following causal relationships exist between the essential feature combinations of the claimed device and the technical results achieved.

Embodiments of E-shaped cross-section guideways, where the guideways have complementary end webs rigidly secured within the body, contribute to a stronger cinematic connection between the body and the slide, allowing for sliding. It reduces pairwise misalignment and respectively reduces the risk of scratch formation on the sliding surface, which are both smooth and misaligned and jamming-free movement of the body and slide along the sliding surface of the slide and each other. Helps to ensure the synchronized movement of slides in the slide, thus reducing the risk of damage to the guideway and consequently ensuring a longer repair-free service life of the device, increasing its productivity, reliability and efficiency Let

A threaded connection element located on one or two sides of the mould, for example a screw or nut, and a flexible element, preferably installed with the possibility of interacting with an internal or external grip, The connection of the mold to the body and the slide by means of a gripper type fixing mechanism with spring is done by a grip that quickly emerges from a groove provided in the mold and by removing the mold from the body and the slide without removing the grip and connecting elements. The possibility of being able to quickly remove the mold from the respective body of the mold and the slide, and the mold being removed, is here that the grip is installed inside the fixing mechanism or It is installed outside the mechanism, but in both cases it is envisaged that the grip will be made hinged and fixed on the body and slide or held at a distance from the body and slide. Therefore, it was previously necessary to release and remove the connecting elements and grips, i.e. to release and remove from two sides of the mold at the same time and remove the mold from the device working zone, and also to install a replacement mold set. And the subsequent steps of connecting elements and grip installation have been deleted here, which helps to facilitate the remolding process and save the time needed for it, and finally it is all the device. Results in higher productivity.

An embodiment of the mold in which the molds are in contact with each other, the molds being fixed on a special mandrel in the closed condition of the molds makes it possible to change all four molds simultaneously; It also makes it possible to easily install, connect, transfer and store the molds on the mandrel without having to reinstall the set of molds on the mandrel. The reason is that each type of set can be equipped with its individual mandrels; all this further contributes to increased productivity of device operation, better reliability, and higher efficiency.

The subject matter of the claimed type 4 forging device is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a four-die forging device showing a gripper type die fixing mechanism having separate die and internal grips. FIG. 2 is a view in section AA according to FIG. 1, showing a device having a closed mold. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1. FIG. 9 is a front view of a forging device having a closed mold and having an external hinged grip. FIG. 5 is a view of the CC cross section according to FIG. 4 with a clamped grip. FIG. 5 is a view in section D-D according to FIG. 4, showing an unclamped grip. FIG. 6 is a front view of a forging device having a closed mold and an outer grip having two protrusions. FIG. 8 is a view in section EE according to FIG. 7 with a clamped grip. FIG. 8 is a view in section EE according to FIG. 7 with the grip released. FIG. 8 is a view in section FF according to FIG. 7 with a compressed spring and a clamped grip. FIG. 6 is a front view of a four-die forging device showing a special mandrel holding the molds held together by brackets brought into the device work area. It is a front view of the special mandrel holding the type|mold fixed to the special mandrel. FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line GG in FIG. 12.

A type 4 forging device includes a movable upper body 1 having a beveled surface and a fixed bottom body 2, and side slides 3 and 4 cinematically connected to the body, the side slides of the top and bottom bodies. Mounted displaceably with respect to the top and bottom bodies while having a slope corresponding to the slope and being connected to the top and bottom bodies by spaced guideways 5 and rolling bearings (not shown in the drawing) .. The guideway 5 serves to provide the reciprocating movement of the slide. The upper mold 6 is mounted on the upper body 1; the bottom mold 7 is mounted on the bottom body 2; the side molds 8 and 9 are connected to the side slides by the gripper type fixing mechanism (Figs. 1, 4, 7). . The molds are formed to be separated from their respective bodies and slides during the mold changing process.

The guideway 5 has an E-shaped cross section and is rigidly connected to the body by its central web 10 and further end webs 11, while there is a gap between the guideway and the slide along the sliding surface of the slide. It is provided (Fig. 2).

The mold is connected to the body and slide by a gripper type locking mechanism, which gripper type locking mechanism is located on one or two sides of the device, such as a threaded connecting piece 12, 27, 34, eg a screw or nut, and , An elastic element, preferably springs 15, 28, 35, mounted for the possibility of interacting with the internal or external grips 14, 20, 29 (FIGS. 1, 3 to 10). Several different design embodiments of the gripper type mold fixing mechanism are possible.

For example, a gripper type mold locking mechanism may include a screw 12 with alternating threads at its end that is inserted into an axial hole in one side of the body or slide. The nuts 13 are screwed towards each other on the screw and the grip 14 with the disc spring 15 is installed between the nuts 13 to compensate for thermal expansion; here a reversible locking nut 26 is also provided. It is installed. The mold shank portion is provided with a dovetail groove 17 intended to receive the grip. The spring is covered on both sides by a cover 18; from one side, the screw is adjustable by a nut 19 (Fig. 3).

A gripper type mold locking mechanism may likewise incorporate a hinged grip 20 located on two sides of the mold. Each of the grips is fixed on the body or on the slide, with the possibility of rotating with a rocking shaft 21 mounted in a lug 22 fixed on the body or on the slide and pressed against the grip shank portion 23. To be done. Due to the rotating grip 20, its protrusion 24 enters a groove 25 provided in the mold and then exits from the groove 25. A screw 27 inserted into a hole 26 is installed in the grip 20, between its protrusion 24 and the shaft 21, preferably in a central location, so that the screw 27 can partially exit from said hole. , For that, the screw is formed to have a hex socket head. A hole is provided in the body or in the slide in which a spring 28 is installed, which spring may interact with the grip shank portion (FIGS. 4-6).

The gripper type mold fixing mechanism may also include grips 29 located on two sides of the mold, each of the grips having a groove 31 provided in the mold and a groove provided in the body or in the slide. It is formed to have a protrusion 30 intended to enter 32. Provided in the grip and in the body or in the slide is an aligned hole in which a pin 33 is installed, said pin having a nut screwed into one end of said pin, while in the body or in the slide. , A hole intended to receive the spring 35 is provided (FIGS. 7-10).

The mold is formed such that the mold is clamped on a special mandrel 36 with the molds closed in contact with each other during the mold changing process.

For this purpose, a respective hole is provided in the mould, which is a bracket that interconnects adjacent moulds, when the mould is brought into a mold closed state in which the moulds are in contact with each other on a special mandrel in the mould-change process. Helps to receive 37 (Fig. 11).

Along with that, axial holes 38 are provided in the mold located on two sides of the mold and are intended to receive fingers 39 which are displaced by pushers 40, which in turn are provided with alternating threads. Displaced by the rotation of the screws 41 it has, the screws 41 are placed in the axial holes of the special mandrel 36 for each mold as the molds are stuck together until they come into contact with each other on the mandrel for mold modification ( Fig. 12 sky 3).

The operation of the 4-type forging device is as follows.

Whenever the movable press cross beam moves upwards, the upper body 1 likewise moves upwards with the mold 6, while at the same time, with the help of the guideway 5, the upper body 1 holds the molds 8,9. The slides 3 and 4 to be pulled apart are thus opened up the device work area. Thereafter, a manipulator, not shown, feeds the workpiece to be forged into the work area. The press is then started to carry out its working stroke, so that the movable press cross-beam displaces the upper body 1 holding the mold 6 towards the workpiece, so that it is vertically between the molds 6 and 7. Swage the workpiece in the plane. At the same time, the slides 3, 4 holding the side slides 8, 9 likewise move towards the workpiece, swaging the workpiece radially and tangentially. At the end of the workpiece swage action, the movable press cross beam moves upward, thus opening the press work area.

If it is necessary to change the mold, a special mandrel 36 is brought into the press work area, the mold is attached until it contacts the mandrel, and then the mold is fixed onto the mandrel. For this purpose, adjacent molds can be interconnected on two sides with the help of brackets 37; alternatively, the screws 41 can be turned clockwise (2-5 turns) on the mandrel to bring them into contact with each other. The pusher 40 is actuated to move towards, which pushes the fingers 39 further into the holes 38 provided in the mould.

After the mold is thus fixed on the mandrel, the mold is pulled away from the body and the slide.

If a gripper type mold fixing mechanism with an internal grip is used, the screw 12 is turned clockwise (12 to 13 turns) and the nut 13 is displaced in the opposite direction; It is separated from the reversible lock nut 16. It causes the grip 14 to emerge from a respective groove 17 provided in the mold; thus the mold is pulled away from the body and the slide.

If a mold locking mechanism with an external hinged grip is used, the hex wrench is inserted into the hex socket head of the screw 27; turning the wrench releases the screw 27 and exits the hole 26 so that the screw 27 presses the end surface of the main body or slide. When pushed away from this end face, the grip 20 turns around the axis 20 so that its shank portion presses against the spring 28 and compresses the spring 28 and the projection 24 emerges from the groove 25 provided in the mould. Therefore, the mold is separated.

If a mold locking mechanism with an external grip with two protrusions is used, the nut 34 is released at one end of the pin 33 to release the pressure exerted on the spring 35, which spring is then released. , To pull the grip 29 out of the grooves 31 and 32, the grip then remains some distance from the body or slide, where it is retained by the pin 33. Said distance is sufficient to allow a replacement type unobtrusive installation.

After the mold is pulled away from the body or slide, the mandrel 36 holds a set of displaced molds fixed on the mandrel 36, the mandrel 36 being pulled out of the device work area by a manipulator. The fixed mold set, still on, is stored and transported to a special tool rack where separation from the mandrel is not required. Another mandrel with the replacement mold set is then brought to the device work area, then the body and slide are brought into contact with the mold, and the mold is then connected to the respective body and slide.

If a mold locking mechanism with an internal grip is used, the screw 12 is turned counterclockwise (12 to 13 revolutions) and the nuts 13 are moved towards each other, which nut is then moved to the disc spring 15 and the grip. Move 14 The grip 14 then enters a groove 17 provided in the mold so that the mold is connected to the body and the slide. Otherwise, the screw 12 is turned 1/4 turn clockwise to actuate the disc spring to act similarly as a thermal expansion compensation element.

If a mold fixing mechanism with an external hinged grip is used, the mold is connected to the body and the slide by means of the protrusions 24 of the grip 20 which enter the mold groove 25 and are further fixed in said groove. Thus, the hex wrench is turned in the opposite direction on each grip, thus pushing the screw 27 into the grip 20 and thus releasing the pressure exerted on the spring 28. The spring 28 is released and then presses the shank portion 23, thus turning the grip 20 in the opposite direction until the protrusion 24 enters the groove 25.

If a mold locking mechanism with an external grip with two protrusions is used, the nut 34 is tightened at one end of the pin 33, which serves to increase the pressure exerted on the spring 35, so that the spring 35 is When compressed, it pushes the grip 29 into the grooves 31 and 32, thus connecting the mold to the body and the slide.

At the end of the connection procedure, the mold is released from the mandrel, so that the bracket 37 is released from the adjacent mold or the screw 41 is turned counterclockwise (2-5 turns) on the mandrel. , Pushers 40 are displaced in opposite directions, which serve to pull the fingers 39 out of the holes 38 provided in the mould.

The mold fixing mechanism having a mold connected to the mold fixing mechanism is separated, and the moldless mandrel is withdrawn from the work area and transferred to a storage rack. In addition, this mandrel can be used for the next type modification procedure to replace this type set again when needed.

Therefore, the design modifications introduced into the claimed device include a smooth, misaligned and jamming-free interrelated movement of the body and slide along the sliding surface of the slide, a rapid And ensures reliable mold connection and subsequent release of the mold from the body and slide, eliminating the need for the grip to be removed from the device. Moreover, since the modification allows for simultaneous modification of all four molds on a special mandrel, the molds can be stored on the mandrel on a special tool rack and thus assembled. All these improvements contribute to a long service-free service life of the device, higher production output, and improved operational reliability.

Claims (6)

A 4-type forging device, a movable upper body having a slope and a fixed bottom body, a side slide cinematically connected to the top and bottom bodies, the side slide having a slope corresponding to the slope of the top and bottom bodies, Mounted movably with respect to the top and bottom bodies, connected to the top and bottom bodies by a guideway, the guideways being rigidly connected to the body via a central web of the guideway, Comprising a side slide having a gap with the slide along the sliding surface of and a top and bottom mold connected to the top and bottom bodies respectively, the side mold being connected to the slide and the mold being A device formed to be removable from the body and the slide during a mold reshaping process, the guideways having an E-shaped cross-section, so that each of the guideways is within the body. With further end webs rigidly secured to the mold, the mold being connected to the body and the slide by a gripper type locking mechanism, the gripper type locking mechanism being located on one or two sides of the device. A threaded connecting element, for example a screw or a nut, and an elastic element, preferably a spring, mounted with the possibility of interacting with internal or external grips, the mold comprising a special mold in the mold changing process. A device designed to be fixed in a fully closed mold in which the molds contact each other on the mandrel of. The gripper type mold locking mechanism comprises a screw having alternating threads on the ends of the screw that is inserted into an axial hole provided in one side in the body or in the slide, the screw comprising A nut having two sides threaded towards each other on the screw and a grip including a disc spring installed between the grips, each groove in the mold shank portion for receiving the grip. The device of claim 1 formed. The gripper type mold fixing mechanism comprises hinged grips located on two sides of the mold, each of the grips being rotatably fixed on the body or on the slide, and the mold and shank portion. A hole having a protrusion designed to be inserted into the groove, and a screw is provided between a portion having the protrusion and a swing shaft in each grip, The device of claim 1, wherein a hole is provided in the body or in the slide in which a spring is placed that can interact with the shank portion of the grip. The gripper type mold fixing mechanism comprises the grips located on both sides of the mold, each grip having a protrusion designed to enter the groove provided in the body or in the slide. Formed in the grip and in the body or in the slide, there is an aligned hole through which a pin is installed, whereby a nut is screwed into one end of the pin and in the body. Alternatively, the device of claim 1, wherein a hole is provided in the slide in which a spring is installed. A bracket designed to connect adjacent dies when holes are formed in the dies and adjacent dies close in the holes until they come into contact with each other on a special mandrel during a die change process. The device of claim 1, wherein is inserted. Aligned holes are formed on the two sides of each mold, said holes intended to receive fingers which are pushed into said holes by a pusher, said pusher then screwing with alternating threads. Driven by the rotation of the screw, the screws are installed in axial holes provided in the special mandrel for each mold as the mold closes until they come into contact with each other on the special mandrel in the mold changing process. The device according to claim 1, wherein