JPH01177001A - Fiber type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer - Google Patents
Fiber type optical multiplexer/demultiplexerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01177001A JPH01177001A JP13442687A JP13442687A JPH01177001A JP H01177001 A JPH01177001 A JP H01177001A JP 13442687 A JP13442687 A JP 13442687A JP 13442687 A JP13442687 A JP 13442687A JP H01177001 A JPH01177001 A JP H01177001A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diffraction grating
- optical
- demultiplexer
- optical fibers
- optical fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
- G02B6/29332—Wavelength selective couplers, i.e. based on evanescent coupling between light guides, e.g. fused fibre couplers with transverse coupling between fibres having different propagation constant wavelength dependency
- G02B6/29334—Grating-assisted evanescent light guide couplers, i.e. comprising grating at or functionally associated with the coupling region between the light guides, e.g. with a grating positioned where light fields overlap in the coupler
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（発明の技術分野）
本発明は、波長選択性を有するファイバ形光合分波器に
関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to a fiber type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer having wavelength selectivity.
（従来技術とその問題点）
波長多重（以下、ｒＷＤＭＪと称す）光フアイバ伝送方
式は、基幹伝送路における一層の大容量化を可能にする
ばかりでなく、加入者線、特にローカルエリアネットワ
ーク（ＬＡＮ）などにおいて、電話、高速データ、ビデ
オ精報といった帯域の異なる各種サービスを柔軟に提供
し得ることから盛んに研究されている。ＷＤＭ伝送方式
は、基本的に一本の伝送路に、複数の波長の光信号を伝
搬させ、多重化を図ったもので、伝送路の所望の箇所で
所望の信号を乗せた波長の光信号を合波させたり、分岐
したりする必要から低損失で、クロストーフの小さい光
合分波器の開発が不可欠である。従来のシステムでは、
サービスの数も極めて少ないことから、使用される波長
数も高々数波長に限られており、従って、各チャネルの
波長間隔も２００人程度以上と広いため、光合分波器と
して帯域の比較的広い干渉膜形が主として用いられてい
る。(Prior art and its problems) Wavelength division multiplexing (hereinafter referred to as rWDMJ) optical fiber transmission system not only makes it possible to further increase the capacity of the backbone transmission line, but also enables subscriber lines, especially local area networks (LAN). ), it is being actively researched because it can flexibly provide various services with different bands, such as telephone, high-speed data, and video updates. The WDM transmission system basically propagates optical signals of multiple wavelengths on a single transmission line and multiplexes them.The optical signal of the wavelength carrying the desired signal is transmitted at a desired point on the transmission line. Since it is necessary to multiplex and branch multiple signals, it is essential to develop an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer with low loss and small crosstorf. In traditional systems,
Since the number of services is extremely small, the number of wavelengths used is limited to a few wavelengths at most, and therefore the wavelength spacing between each channel is wide, about 200 people or more, so it has a relatively wide band as an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer. The interference film type is mainly used.
一方、特殊の多重度の高いＷＤＭ方式用の光合分波器と
して、回折格子板が検討されている。これは回折格子板
の持つ空間的な分散特性を利用したもので、いわば分光
器的な使い方であるが、入出力ボートの光フアイバ群と
回折格子板との距離を長くとることにより狭帯域化が可
能であるが、空間伝搬を用いるため、光学的なアライメ
ントが難しく、また、機械的な振動にも弱いという欠点
を有している。そこで、回折格子の狭帯域性を活かし同
時に特性の安定化、低損失化を図ったものとして、光フ
ァイバを用いたブラッグ反射形光合分波器が提案されて
いる。（Ｍ、Ｓ、Ｗｈａｌｅｎ他ｉ ０ＦＣ’８６．Ｐ
Ｄ−１２）。On the other hand, a diffraction grating plate is being considered as an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer for a special WDM system with high multiplicity. This utilizes the spatial dispersion characteristics of the diffraction grating plate, and is used like a spectrometer, but by increasing the distance between the optical fibers of the input/output boat and the diffraction grating plate, the band can be narrowed. However, since it uses spatial propagation, optical alignment is difficult and it is also susceptible to mechanical vibrations. Therefore, a Bragg reflection type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer using an optical fiber has been proposed as a device that takes advantage of the narrow band characteristics of the diffraction grating and simultaneously stabilizes the characteristics and reduces the loss. (M, S, Whalen et al. 0FC'86.P
D-12).
図１は従来のブラッグ反射形光合分波器の模式図である
。図において、１及び２は単一モード光ファイバ、３は
光ファイバのコア、４は一方の単一モード光ファイバの
クラッド部に形成された回折格子である。本構造のよう
に、光ファイバをベースに用いた光合分波器は、伝送路
である光ファイバとの整合性も良く、また材料はガラス
であるため、加入者系に導入する際には重要な要素の１
つである低価格化にも適した構造と言える。この光合分
波器の作製について次のように報告されている。すなわ
ち、光フアイバ結合器を作製する場合のように、まず、
２本の光ファイバ１及び２の一部を、それらのコア３が
露出する手前まで平坦に研磨する。次に、一方の光ファ
イバ１又は２の研磨面上にフォトレジストを塗布し、干
渉露光法及びフォトレジストの現像により所望の周期を
有するフォトレジストの凹凸を形成し、これをマスクと
して、光ファイバｌ又は２のクラッド部をエツチングに
より転写することにより、回折格子４を形成する。その
後、フォトレジストを除去し、他方の光ファイバの研磨
面に融着により一体化して出来上るというものである。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional Bragg reflection type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer. In the figure, 1 and 2 are single mode optical fibers, 3 is the core of the optical fiber, and 4 is a diffraction grating formed in the cladding portion of one of the single mode optical fibers. An optical multiplexer/demultiplexer using an optical fiber as a base, like this structure, has good compatibility with the optical fiber that is the transmission path, and is made of glass, which is important when introducing it into a subscriber system. element 1
It can be said that this structure is suitable for lowering the price. The fabrication of this optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is reported as follows. That is, as in the case of manufacturing an optical fiber coupler, first,
Parts of the two optical fibers 1 and 2 are polished flat until their cores 3 are exposed. Next, a photoresist is applied onto the polished surface of one of the optical fibers 1 or 2, and unevenness of the photoresist having a desired period is formed by interference exposure method and development of the photoresist. Using this as a mask, the optical fiber is The diffraction grating 4 is formed by transferring the cladding portions 1 or 2 by etching. Thereafter, the photoresist is removed and the optical fiber is integrated with the polished surface of the other optical fiber by fusion bonding.
しかしながら、光フアイバ上に直接フォトレジストを塗
布し、干渉露光を行う上述の従来方法では、作製された
回折格子４が不均一になり易く、かつ量産性の面で問題
があった。However, in the above-described conventional method in which a photoresist is applied directly onto an optical fiber and interference exposure is performed, the manufactured diffraction grating 4 tends to be non-uniform, and there are problems in terms of mass production.
（発明の目的と特徴）
本発明は、上述した従来技術の欠点に鑑みてなされたも
ので、作製が容易で量産性に優れ、かつ回折格子の形状
も優れたファイバ形光合分波器を提供することを目的と
する。(Objective and Features of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and provides a fiber-type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer that is easy to manufacture, has excellent mass productivity, and has an excellent shape of a diffraction grating. The purpose is to
本発明の特徴は、回折格子を有する光合分波器において
、回折格子を直接光ファイバ上に形成するのではなく、
取り扱いが容易なガラス薄膜もしくはプラスチック薄膜
上に予め回折格子を形成しておき、これを研磨した２本
の光ファイバの側面もしくは間に融着もしくは接着剤で
接着して光合分波器を構成することにある。A feature of the present invention is that in an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer having a diffraction grating, the diffraction grating is not formed directly on the optical fiber;
A diffraction grating is formed in advance on a glass thin film or plastic thin film that is easy to handle, and this is fused or glued to the sides or between two polished optical fibers to form an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer. There is a particular thing.
（本発明の構成及び作用） 以下図面を用いて本発明の詳細な説明する。(Structure and operation of the present invention) The present invention will be described in detail below using the drawings.
（実施例１）
本発明による第１の実施例の全体模式図及び光結合部を
分解した図を、各々図２（ａ）及び（１））に示す。(Example 1) An overall schematic diagram and an exploded view of the optical coupling part of the first example according to the present invention are shown in FIGS. 2(a) and (1), respectively.
本光合分波器は次のようにして作製される。まず、２本
の単一モード光ファイバ１及び２の一部のクラッドを、
コア５及び５゛からの距離が数μｍ程度になるまで平坦
に研磨し、互いの研磨面６ａ、 ６ｂを融着する。次に
、上述の研磨面６ａ、 ６ｂを垂直の研磨面６ｃ、 ６
ｄを得るように、やはりコア５及び５゛から数μｍの距
離まで平坦に研磨したものが図２（ｂ）下図に示すもの
である。すなわち、同図から明らかなように、各光ファ
イバ１及び２はコア５（５′）から数μｍ＃して互いに
垂直な研磨面６ａ、 ６ｃ及び６ｂ、 ６ｄを得るよう
に研磨された状態にして研磨された面６ａと６ｂを接合
したものである。一方、別に、ガラス薄膜もしくはガラ
ス基板７上に、フォトリソグラフィと干渉露光法もしく
は、ルーリングマシン等により回折格子８を形成する。This optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is manufactured as follows. First, part of the cladding of two single mode optical fibers 1 and 2 is
The cores 5 and 5' are polished flat until the distance from them is approximately several μm, and the polished surfaces 6a and 6b are fused together. Next, the above-mentioned polishing surfaces 6a, 6b are replaced with vertical polishing surfaces 6c, 6.
The lower part of FIG. 2(b) shows the one that was polished flat to a distance of several μm from the cores 5 and 5' so as to obtain d. That is, as is clear from the figure, each of the optical fibers 1 and 2 is polished so as to obtain polished surfaces 6a, 6c, 6b, and 6d that are perpendicular to each other and are several micrometers away from the core 5 (5'). The polished surfaces 6a and 6b are joined together. On the other hand, separately, a diffraction grating 8 is formed on a glass thin film or a glass substrate 7 by photolithography and interference exposure, a ruling machine, or the like.
さらに、最後に前記再研磨したファイバ結合部の研磨面
６ｃ。Furthermore, the polished surface 6c of the fiber coupling portion that was finally repolished.
６ｄ上に、回折格子８が形成されている面が向き合うよ
うに接着もしくは融着を行う。Adhesion or fusion is performed on 6d so that the surfaces on which the diffraction grating 8 is formed face each other.
互いに伝搬定数の異なる２本の光ファイバのコア５及び
５”は、各々の導波光のエバネッセント部分が他のコア
５゛及び５に重畳する程度に接近しているため、結合係
数は極めて小さいながら一種の光結合系を形成している
。また、やはりエバネッセント光が回折格子８にも重畳
するように接近して配置されているため、例えば、図２
（ａ）の如く光ファイバ１から入射した光のうち、各光
ファイバの伝搬定数と回折格子の周期へで決まる波長の
光のみが他方の光ファイバの反対方向に反射され、光フ
ァイバ２より出力される。一方、反射されなかった波長
の光はそのまま同一光ファイバを伝搬し、光ファイバ１
５に通過する。ここで、各光ファイバ１及び２の伝搬定
数を各々β２．β２とし、Δ−２π／（β、＋β２）な
る周期Ａの回折格子８とすることにより、λ＋ ＝ （
ｎｔ ＋ ｎｚ） Ａを満たすλ１のみが光ファイバ２
に分岐される。The cores 5 and 5'' of the two optical fibers, which have different propagation constants, are close to each other to such an extent that the evanescent portion of each guided light overlaps the other cores 5'' and 5'', so the coupling coefficient is extremely small, but They form a kind of optical coupling system.Also, since the evanescent light is placed close to the diffraction grating 8 so that it is also superimposed on it, for example, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), of the light incident from optical fiber 1, only the light with a wavelength determined by the propagation constant of each optical fiber and the period of the diffraction grating is reflected in the opposite direction of the other optical fiber and output from optical fiber 2. be done. On the other hand, the unreflected wavelength light propagates through the same optical fiber as it is, and the optical fiber 1
Pass 5. Here, the propagation constants of each optical fiber 1 and 2 are β2. By setting β2 and the diffraction grating 8 having a period A of Δ-2π/(β, +β2), λ+ = (
nt + nz) Only λ1 that satisfies A is optical fiber 2
It is branched into.
である。他のλ２．λ８．・・・はそのまま通過する。It is. other λ2. λ8. ...will pass through as is.
一方、合波の場合は光の進行方向が逆になるだけで原理
は同じである。ちなみに、λ＝１．５μｍのとき、Ａ＝
０．５μｍとなり、通常の干渉露光法やルーリングマシ
ンで十分作製可能である。On the other hand, in the case of multiplexing, the principle is the same except that the traveling direction of the light is reversed. By the way, when λ=1.5μm, A=
It has a thickness of 0.5 μm, and can be sufficiently manufactured using a normal interference exposure method or a ruling machine.
上述のように、本発明のファイバ形光合波器は、作製が
複雑な回折格子８を光ファイバに設けずに予めガラス基
板７等に形状の優れた回折格子８を作製しておき、別に
同一形状で研磨して作製された光ファイバ１及び２から
成る光フアイバ結合部に回折格子８を有するガラス基板
７等を接着すれば良いため、形状の優れた回折格子８を
作製でき、量産性も改良することができる。As described above, the fiber-type optical multiplexer of the present invention does not provide the diffraction grating 8, which is complicated to manufacture, on the optical fiber, but instead prepares the diffraction grating 8 with an excellent shape on the glass substrate 7, etc. Since the glass substrate 7 having the diffraction grating 8 can be bonded to the optical fiber coupling part consisting of the optical fibers 1 and 2 which have been produced by polishing to the desired shape, the diffraction grating 8 having an excellent shape can be produced and mass production is possible. It can be improved.
（実施例２）
本発明による第２の実施例を図３に示す。本実施例では
少なくとも一方の表面に回折格子が形成れれた厚さ数μ
ｍのガラス薄膜９が、各々コア５及び５゛付近まで平坦
に研磨された２本の光ファイバ１及び２の間に接着材１
０により接着されている。(Example 2) A second example according to the present invention is shown in FIG. In this example, a diffraction grating is formed on at least one surface and the thickness is several μm.
An adhesive 1 is placed between two optical fibers 1 and 2, each of which has been polished flat to around core 5 and 5.
It is glued by 0.
尚、この光合分波器の動作は実施例１とまったく同様で
ある。Note that the operation of this optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is exactly the same as in the first embodiment.
（実施例３）
図４は本発明による第３図の実施例であり、ガラス基板
もしくはシリコンなどの硬度の高い半導体基板１２の表
面に回折格子８を形成し、これを光ファイバの光結合部
に応力を与えて密着させることにより、光弾性効果から
該光ファイバの光結合部の内部に回折格子８を形成した
ものである。２本の光ファイバは図２ （ｂ）のように
加工されており、残留クラッド１１にシリコン基板１２
上に形成された回折格子８の凸部が応力σを与えている
。近似的に応力が一方向の場合光弾性効果による屈折率
変化Δｎは次式で与えられる。(Embodiment 3) FIG. 4 is an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, in which a diffraction grating 8 is formed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate 12 having high hardness such as a glass substrate or silicon, and this is connected to an optical coupling part of an optical fiber. A diffraction grating 8 is formed inside the optical coupling portion of the optical fiber due to the photoelastic effect by applying stress to the fibers and bringing them into close contact. The two optical fibers are processed as shown in FIG. 2(b), with a silicon substrate 12 on the residual cladding 11
The convex portion of the diffraction grating 8 formed above gives stress σ. Approximately, when the stress is in one direction, the refractive index change Δn due to the photoelastic effect is given by the following equation.
Δｎ＝−Ｃσ
但し、Ｃは光弾性係数で、ガラスの場合、Ｃ＝３ＸＩＱ
−’ｍｓ＋”７ｋｇであり、σは応力である。いま、回
折格子８の凸部幅ａをＡ／４とし、加重を１０ｋｇとし
、加重部分の長さ及び幅を各々５１１１ｍ及び１００μ
ｍとすると、応力付与部１３の屈折率変化はΔｎ〜２×
１０−３となり、残留クラッド１１の厚さが数μｍであ
れば十分に回折格子８として機能し得る。本実施例では
、図５のように、反射側に固定用の基板１４を添え、前
記回折格子８が形成された基板１２との間で応力を加え
たまま接着固定される。尚、本実施例では、回折格子付
き基板１２は応力付加用なので、ガラスもしくはシリコ
ンなどの誘電体の代りに、金属板を用いることも可能で
ある。Δn=-Cσ However, C is the photoelastic coefficient, and in the case of glass, C=3XIQ
-'ms+''7 kg, and σ is the stress. Now, the width a of the convex part of the diffraction grating 8 is A/4, the weight is 10 kg, and the length and width of the weighted part are 5111 m and 100 μm, respectively.
m, the refractive index change of the stress applying part 13 is Δn~2×
10-3, and if the thickness of the residual cladding 11 is several μm, it can sufficiently function as the diffraction grating 8. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a fixing substrate 14 is attached to the reflective side, and the diffraction grating 8 is adhesively fixed to the substrate 12 on which the diffraction grating 8 is formed while applying stress. In this embodiment, since the substrate 12 with the diffraction grating is used for applying stress, a metal plate may be used instead of a dielectric material such as glass or silicon.
以上の説明では、回折格子が一様に形成された例につい
てのみ示したが、波長特性上のサイドロブ低下のために
回折格子の形成領域をテーパ状にしたりなど任意の形状
を従来のプロセスで容易に加工することができる構造と
なっている。In the above explanation, only examples in which the diffraction grating was formed uniformly were shown, but it is easy to create any shape using conventional processes, such as tapering the formation area of the diffraction grating to reduce sidelobs in wavelength characteristics. It has a structure that can be processed into
（発明の効果）
以上説明したように、本発明による光合分波器は、合分
波に必要な回折格子の形成を取り扱いが容易なガラス、
プラスチック、半導体、金属による光導波媒体の薄膜も
しくは基板上に行い、後でファイバの光結合部に接着、
融着により固定するため、形状の優れた回折格子で、か
つ量産性に優れたファイバ形合波器構造となり、その効
果は極めて大きい。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to the present invention uses glass, which is easy to handle, to form the diffraction grating necessary for multiplexer/demultiplexer.
It is performed on a thin film or substrate of an optical waveguide medium made of plastic, semiconductor, or metal, and is later bonded to the optical coupling part of the fiber.
Since it is fixed by fusion, the diffraction grating has an excellent shape and the fiber-type multiplexer structure is excellent in mass production, and its effects are extremely large.
図１は従来のファイバ反射形光合分波器を示す断面図、
図２（ａ）（ロ）は本発明の実施例１の光合分波器の構
造及び作製手順を示す斜視図、図３は本発明の実施例２
の光合分波器の構造例を示す断面図、図４は本発明の実
施例３の光合分波器の部分的断面図である。
１．２．１５・・・単一モード光ファイバ、３．５゜５
”・・・コア、４．８・・・回折格子、６ａ、 ６ｂ、
６ｃ、 ６ｄ・・・ファイバ研磨面１．７・・・ガラ
ス基板、９・・・ガラス薄膜、１０・・・接着材、１１
・・・クラッド、１２・・・シリコン基板、１３・・・
応力による屈折率変化部、１４・・・ファイバ固定台。
図 １
図 ２（Ｏ）
λ１．λ２．λ３−−
図２（ｂ）
図３
図４
手続補正書動幻Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional fiber reflection type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer.
2(a) and 2(b) are perspective views showing the structure and manufacturing procedure of an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 1.2.15...Single mode optical fiber, 3.5°5
”...Core, 4.8...Diffraction grating, 6a, 6b,
6c, 6d...Fiber polished surface 1.7...Glass substrate, 9...Glass thin film, 10...Adhesive material, 11
...Clad, 12...Silicon substrate, 13...
Stress-induced refractive index changing section, 14... fiber fixing stand. Figure 1 Figure 2 (O) λ1. λ2. λ3-- Figure 2(b) Figure 3 Figure 4 Procedural amendment document motion illusion
Claims (4)
光ファイバが各々の導波路内の光分布の一部が空間的に
重畳するように接近して配置された光結合部において、
少なくとも一方の表面にＡ＝２π／（β＿１＋β＿２）
なる周期を有する回折格子が形成された光導波媒体の基
板もしくは薄膜が該光結合部の導波光の分布する領域の
近傍に配置されて構成されていることを特徴とするファ
イバ形光合分波器。(1) In an optical coupling section in which two optical fibers each having a propagation constant of β_1 and β_2 are arranged close to each other so that a part of the light distribution in each waveguide spatially overlaps,
A=2π/(β_1+β_2) on at least one surface
A fiber-type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer characterized in that a substrate or thin film of an optical waveguide medium on which a diffraction grating having a period of .
れ、前記光結合部に接着もしくは融着されていることを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のファイバ形光合
分波器。(2) The fiber type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein glass is used as the substrate or thin film material and is adhered or fused to the optical coupling portion.
用いられ、前記光結合部に接着されていることを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１項記載のファイバ形光合分波器
。(3) The fiber type optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein plastic is used as the substrate or thin film material and is bonded to the optical coupling portion.
は金属をが用いられ、前記光結合部に応力を付加するよ
うに圧着されていることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載のファイバ形光合分波器。(4) The fiber type optical coupler according to claim 1, wherein glass, semiconductor, or metal is used as the substrate material, and the fiber type optical coupler is crimped to apply stress to the optical coupler. Wave equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62134426A JPH07122685B2 (en) | 1987-05-29 | 1987-05-29 | Fiber type optical multiplexer / demultiplexer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62134426A JPH07122685B2 (en) | 1987-05-29 | 1987-05-29 | Fiber type optical multiplexer / demultiplexer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01177001A true JPH01177001A (en) | 1989-07-13 |
| JPH07122685B2 JPH07122685B2 (en) | 1995-12-25 |
Family
ID=15128102
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62134426A Expired - Fee Related JPH07122685B2 (en) | 1987-05-29 | 1987-05-29 | Fiber type optical multiplexer / demultiplexer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07122685B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5737106A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1998-04-07 | Alcatel N.V. | Wavelength selective optical delay line |
| CN114421276A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2022-04-29 | 西安立芯光电科技有限公司 | Axisymmetric semiconductor laser bar beam combining technology and module |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5355132A (en) * | 1976-10-29 | 1978-05-19 | Nec Corp | Coupling method of optical fibers |
| JPS54118255A (en) * | 1978-03-06 | 1979-09-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical branching and mixing device and production of the same |
| JPS60175024A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-09-09 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical demultiplexer |
-
1987
- 1987-05-29 JP JP62134426A patent/JPH07122685B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5355132A (en) * | 1976-10-29 | 1978-05-19 | Nec Corp | Coupling method of optical fibers |
| JPS54118255A (en) * | 1978-03-06 | 1979-09-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical branching and mixing device and production of the same |
| JPS60175024A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-09-09 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical demultiplexer |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5737106A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1998-04-07 | Alcatel N.V. | Wavelength selective optical delay line |
| CN114421276A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2022-04-29 | 西安立芯光电科技有限公司 | Axisymmetric semiconductor laser bar beam combining technology and module |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07122685B2 (en) | 1995-12-25 |
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