JPH01161136A - Quality decision device for hulled rice - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily vary a decision level corresponding to a change in the kind of sample hulled rice by providing a rotary disk, a detection part, a sample supply part, etc. CONSTITUTION:The sample hulled rice 8 stocked in the sample supply part 13 is fitted in sampling holes 5, grain by grain, and moved as shown by an arrow (a) while being inhibited from falling by a sample base. A detection part 3 irradiates each grain of the hulled rice 8 which is conveyed with a light beam to detect the quantities of light of optional two wavelengths among the quantity of diffused and transmitted light, the quantity of diffused and reflected light, and the quantity of diffused and reflected light. Then, standard samples corresponding to respective kinds are used to find characteristic decision levels previously by an experiment, etc., and they are stored in the ROM of a decision control means. Then when a measurement is taken, data on a decision level corresponding to a kind is read out of the ROM and set automatically as a new decision level, so decision levels are easily changed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] This invention relates to a quality determination device for brown rice, and in particular, when processing different types of sample brown rice, it is capable of changing the determination level corresponding to the type in a short time. Regarding.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, there is an apparatus for determining the quality of brown rice (hereinafter referred to as the apparatus) disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 60-290464. The method disclosed in this publication irradiates each grain of sample brown rice with light, and at least calculates the amount of diffusely transmitted light (T), the amount of diffusely reflected light ffi (R), and the amount of diffusely reflected light of arbitrary two wavelengths (Re).
d, Gen) and the front/rear transmitted light amount (FT, BT), and calculates the light amount ratio based on the measurement value input from the detection portion, and determines each obtained light amount ratio in advance. The judgment level set in the memory of the control means (
The quality rank of brown rice (e.g. grain size,
This method determines whether the grain is white-bellied, milky-white, immature, colored, dead green, or dead white.

In FIG. 7, the vertical axis is the amount of red diffuse reflection light (Re
d) and the green diffuse reflected light amount (G e n) [spectral ratio (
Red/Gen) = Red/Gen]
, the horizontal axis is the amount of diffusely transmitted light (T) and the amount of diffusely reflected light (R).
is the ratio of [reflection transmission ratio (T/R)=T/R]. Also,
The front-to-back transmission ratio (FT/BT) is the ratio between the front transmitted light amount (FT) and the rear transmitted light amount (BT). The determination level is a predetermined level value of the spectral ratio (Red/Gen), reflection transmission ratio (T/R), and front/back transmission ratio (FT/BT) that classify each quality rank of brown rice. (A~■)
says.

By the way, when manufacturing the above-mentioned device, it is necessary to perform adjustment work to set the judgment level in the memory of the judgment control means in advance. This adjustment work is performed by using a standard sample prepared in advance (a mixture of appropriate amounts of brown rice with multiple quality ranks according to grain inspection standards) and first feeding it into a device that adjusts the judgment level. Then, the judgment result obtained from the device is compared with the quality rank of the standard sample, and the operator changes the judgment level set in the memory until the same result is obtained. The reason why it is difficult to obtain the same result is due to variations in the quality of the parts that make up the device, etc. [Problems to be solved by the invention]In addition to the inconvenience that the above-mentioned adjustment work takes time, , the following inconveniences occurred.

In other words, when measuring the quality rank of sample brown rice of a different variety (e.g. Koshihikari) using a device whose judgment level was adjusted using a standard sample of a specific variety (e.g. Sasanishiki), some errors occurred in the judgment results. An unfavorable tendency has been found to occur. This tendency was similarly confirmed when the type of sample brown rice (for example, non-glutinous rice, glutinous rice, and sake rice) was changed.

Therefore, we investigated the cause of this problem and found that even if the standard samples are of the same quality rank, the amount of diffused transmitted light (T) detected by the detection unit of the device is different when the type and type (hereinafter referred to as type) are different.
Diffuse reflected light amount (R), diffuse reflected light t (Red, Gen) of any two wavelengths, front/rear transmitted light amount (FT, BT)
), etc., were found to be somewhat different.

That is, it has been found that in order to prevent errors from occurring, it is necessary to perform measurements using a device that has a determination level that corresponds to the type of brown rice sample being measured.

On the other hand, in facilities (such as rice centers and country elevators) that adjust (dry, hull, and sort) large amounts of unhulled rice, the types of unfilled rice that are received frequently change during the day. For this reason, when using the above equipment in a facility, it is necessary to prepare multiple types of standard samples and perform the time-consuming adjustment of the judgment level in a short time each time the type changes. Moreover, inconveniences were expected that would be difficult to deal with.

[Purpose of the Invention] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a brown rice quality determination device that eliminates the above-mentioned inconvenience and allows the determination level to be easily changed in response to changes in the type of sample brown rice. .

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to solve this object, the present invention irradiates each grain of sample brown rice with light and detects at least the amount of diffusely transmitted light (T) and the amount of diffusely reflected light (R). a detection unit; and a determination control means that calculates a light intensity ratio based on the measurement value inputted from the detection unit, and compares this light intensity ratio with a determination level stored in a memory in advance to determine the quality rank of brown rice. A type setting means for setting the type of sample brown rice, a judgment level storage means for storing in a memory in advance a plurality of judgment levels corresponding to the type of sample brown rice, and said type setting means when starting measurement. A quality determination device for brown rice, characterized in that a determination level changing means reads out a determination level corresponding to the type set by the determination level storage means from the determination level storage means and changes the determination level from the determination level set in the determination control means. It is in.

[Function] According to this invention, when the type of sample brown rice is changed, the judgment level changing means reads out the judgment level corresponding to the type stored in advance in the judgment level storage means, and performs judgment control. It can be set by changing the judgment level of the means.

[Example 7] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail and specifically based on FIGS. 1.2.3.4.5.

FIG. 1.2 is a conceptual configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the brown rice quality determination device according to the present invention.

1 is a brown rice quality determination device, 2 is a rotating disk, and 3 is a detection section. The detection unit 3 detects, for example, the amount of diffusely transmitted light (T), the amount of diffusely reflected light (R), and the amount of diffusely reflected light of arbitrary two wavelengths (Re
d, Gen), and a second head 3-1 for detecting the front transmitted light amount (FT) and the rear transmitted light amount (BT), which are the transmitted light amounts in the longitudinal direction of brown rice. It consists of a head 3-2. The rotating disk 2 is for transporting brown rice grain by grain to the detection section 3, and has a plurality of sampling holes 5 and timing holes 6 at equal angles in the circumferential direction on its outer periphery, and has a plurality of sampling holes 5 and timing holes 6 on the rotating shaft 9. It is rotatably supported in the direction of arrow a by a directly connected motor 10. Further, this rotary disk 2 is provided at an angle .theta. as shown in FIG. Further, a sample base 11 is provided on the lower surface of the rotating disk 2 to prevent the brown rice sample 8 that is inserted into the sample sampling hole 5 and transferred from falling downward. A wall 12 is provided along the outer peripheral edge of the rotary disk 2 at the lower part of the inclination.
is arranged perpendicularly to the sample base 11, and a sample supply section 13 for storing the sample brown rice 8 is formed between this wall 12 and the lower slope 2-1 of the rotating disk 2. As the rotating disk rotates 20 times, the brown rice sample 8 stored in the sample supply section 13 fits into the sample collection hole 5 grain by grain, is prevented from falling by the sample base 11, and is transferred in the direction of arrow a. . The detection unit 3 irradiates each grain of the brown rice sample 8 transferred with a light beam, and detects the amount of diffusely transmitted light (T), the amount of diffusely reflected light (R), and the amount of light of three arbitrary wavelengths among the amount of diffusely reflected light ( (described later). The measured value is determined by a separately provided judgment control means 16 (described later).
This becomes judgment data for manually determining the quality rank (for example, sorted grain, immature grain, damaged grain, colored grain, etc.). Here, the rotating disk 2 to the sample supply section 13 constitute a determination mechanism section.

Next, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the electrical connection relationship between the first head 3-1 and the second head 3-2 constituting the detection section 3 and the determination control means 16.

Here, the determination control means 16 includes a random access memory (RAM) that temporarily stores manually input data, and a read-only memory (R) that stores various control programs.
OM), and a central processing unit (CP) that executes various calculations.
U) etc. 1, a light source 24, an infrared cut filter 26, and a condensing lens 28 irradiate the sample brown rice 8 with light. The amount of diffusely transmitted light (T) and the amount of diffusely reflected light (R) of the irradiated light are converted into electrical signals and detected by a transmitted light receiving element 30 and a reflected light receiving element 32, which are made of photodiodes, etc., and are then input to the next stage. Output to circuit 14. In addition, a part of the diffusely reflected light is condensed by a condensing lens 34,
After dividing into two directions by a half mirror 36, arbitrary three wavelengths are extracted.

One of the lights to be split is the red diffusely reflected light 1t (Red) which is detected by the red light receiving element 12 after passing the red light by the 660 nm band pass filter 38 and the infrared cut filter 40, and the other light is is 550
nm bandpass filter 44 and infrared cut filter 4
This is the green diffusely reflected light fi(Gen) that is detected by the green light receiving element 48 after the green light is passed through the green light receiving element 48. The light emitting source 24 to the green light receiving element 48 constitute the first head 3-1.

The second head 3-2 irradiates the sample brown rice 8 with light using a light emitting element 50 such as an LED and an illumination optical fiber 52. The front transmitted light and the rear transmitted light in the long axis direction of brown rice of the light irradiated on the sample brown rice 8 being transferred in the direction of arrow a are transmitted through the front transmitted light by the optical fiber 54 for front transmitted light and the optical fiber 56 for rear transmitted light, respectively. Light receiving element 5
8 and a rear transmitted light receiving element 60. As a result, the front transmitted light amount (F
T) and the rear transmitted light quantity (BT) are detected by the front transmitted light receiving element 58 and the rear transmitted light quantity optical element 60, respectively, and are converted into electrical signals and output to the next stage. The second head 3-2 also has a timing hole 6 in the rotating disk 2.
In order to detect this, a light emitting element 62 is provided that emits a light beam toward the timing hole 6, and a light receiving element 66 is provided that detects the light beam when the fixed hole 64 and the timing hole 6 coincide.
has been established. This light beam detected by the light receiving element 66 is
After changing the signal to an electric signal and shaping the waveform, the timing hole 6
is output to the next stage as a detected signal. The second head 3-2 is constituted by these light emitting elements 50 to 66.

Signals from the first head 3-1 and the second head 3-2, that is, the transmitted light receiving element 30, the reflected light receiving element 32,
Signals of respective light amounts input from the red light receiving element 42, the green light receiving element 48, the front transmitted light receiving element 58, and the rear transmitted light receiving element 60 are input to the multiplexer 68 of the input circuit 14. The input signal is A/D converted by the A/D converter 70 and output to the determination control means 16, while the signal detected by the timing hole 6 which is input from the light receiving element 66 of the second head 3-2 is processed as an interrupt signal. is input to the controller 72 of. The interrupt controller 72 outputs an interrupt signal synchronized with the signal detected by the input timing hole 6. The controller 74 receives an interrupt signal from the interrupt controller 72 and a control signal from the determination control means 16.
The multiplexer 68 and A/
Controls the D converter 70.

The keyboard 76 is used to issue commands to start measurement, sorting modes (no sorting, 2-rank sorting, 5-rank sorting), and type settings.
Furthermore, it has a function of instructing depacking of various "measurement/control programs" built into the determination control means 16. The display unit 78 includes an LCD display that digitally displays the judgment results outputted from the judgment control means 16 and various data, an LED display that displays the operating status of the apparatus, and the like.

Next, the determination level changing means for changing the determination level, which is the main part of the present invention, will be explained with reference to FIG. 4.5.

First, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the determination level of each type. A, B, C, D, E are spectral ratios (Red/Ge
F1G and H are the quality judgment level values based on the reflection/transmission ratio (T/R). (2) is a determination level based on the front/rear transmission ratio (FT/BT), which is the ratio between the front transmitted light amount (FT) and the rear transmitted light amount (BT). The figure (a) shows the judgment level created based on the standard sample of the type (Sasanishiki) and the figure (b) shows the judgment level created based on the standard sample of the type (Koshihikari), forming mutually different judgment levels.

Therefore, experiments and the like are conducted in advance using standard samples corresponding to various types, and specific judgment levels corresponding to each type are determined. Next, the obtained judgment level is stored in the ROM of the judgment control means 16 in correspondence with the type. Next, when determining the quality rank of brown rice for each type, a means (judgment level changing means) is configured to read the determination level corresponding to the type from the ROM and automatically set this as a new determination level. Then, the determination level corresponding to the type allows measurement without determination errors.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the "measurement program" of the device incorporating the determination level changing means as described above.

The operation of automatically changing the determination level will be described below based on this flowchart.

First, the type of sample brown rice to be measured (variety code M, type code S) is set using the keyboard 76, and when the start of measurement is commanded from the keyboard 76, the "measurement program" is started (S100').

Next, the judgment control means 16 inputs the set type using the keyboard 76 (S 11 CJ'), reads the judgment level corresponding to this type from the ROM, and uses this as the "judgment level" for the current measurement. Set to RAM. (S120) At this time, if another type of determination level has already been set, the previous determination level is changed to the currently read "determination level" and set.

Next, the determination control means 16 drives the determination mechanism section to start measurement (S130). That is, the rotating disk 2 inserts the brown rice sample 8 into the sample sampling hole 5 and transfers it toward the detection section 3 . Next, the determination control means 16 includes the detection section 3 and the input circuit 14.
Diffuse transmitted light fi (T) ・ Diffuse reflected light amount (
R), and red diffuse reflected light ft (Red) with an arbitrary wavelength of 660 nm in the amount of diffuse reflected light and a wavelength of 550 nm.
The amount of green diffuse reflected light (Gen), and the front transmitted light f
Measured values such as f1 (FT) and rear transmitted light amount (BT) are RA
Enter M. (S140) Next, the determination control means 16, based on the input measurement value,
The reflection transmission ratio (T/R), the spectral ratio (Red/Gen), and the front/back transmission ratio (FT/BT) are each calculated, and the calculated data are stored in the RAM (S150).

Next, the determination control means 16 uses the calculation data in the RAM and the (
The quality rank of each grain of sample brown rice is determined by comparing it with the "judgment level" newly set in the RAM in S120), and the data of the obtained determination result is stored in the RAM.
is stored in a predetermined area. (S160) Next, in synchronization with the timing of the determination operation in (S160), a sorting mechanism (not shown) is driven to select the brown rice sample 8 that is inserted into the sample collection hole 5 of the rotating disk 2 and transferred. Air is discharged and sorted into sample boxes according to predetermined quality ranks (S 170)
do.

Next, it is determined whether a predetermined number of grains N (for example, 1000 grains) has been measured (3180), and if No, the process returns to "Measurement J" (S130).

In the case of YES, the quality rank is determined based on the memory data stored in the RAM, for example, the mixing ratio (sorted grain a%, white grain b%
, milky white grains C%, green immature d%, body side e%, damaged grains%, colored grains g%, green dead rice h%, white dead rice 1%) were displayed on the display unit 78 (S190). After that, "Measurement program"
end. (S200) In this way, by using standard samples corresponding to each type in advance through experiments etc., a determination level specific to each type is determined, and this is stored as a determination level in the ROM of the determination control means 16, and when measuring. , the "judgment level" data corresponding to the type can be read from the ROM and automatically set as a new "judgment level", so the determination level can be set in a short time. Furthermore, since the determination is made based on the determination level corresponding to the type, error-free measurement is possible. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the relationship between the functions of the determination control means 16 and other means. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified in various ways.

For example, in the above embodiment, the reflection transmission ratio (T/R), spectral ratio (Red/G
en), the front/rear transmission ratio (FT/BT) was used, but if the quality rank classification is reduced, the reflection transmission ratio (T/R)
It doesn't matter if it's only.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above detailed description, the detection unit irradiates each grain of sample brown rice with light and detects at least the amount of diffusely transmitted light (T) and the diffusely reflected light, t (R). and calculates the light intensity ratio based on the measured value input from the detection unit,
A determination control means for determining the quality rank of brown rice by comparing this light amount ratio with a determination level stored in a memory in advance, and a type setting means for setting the type of sample brown rice, a judgment level storage means storing a plurality of judgment levels corresponding to the types in a memory; and a judgment level corresponding to the type set by the type setting means when starting measurement is read from the judgment level storage means to control the judgment. Since the determination level changing means is provided to change the determination level set in the means, according to the present invention, when the type of sample brown rice is changed, the determination level changing means is stored in advance in the determination level storage means. By reading out the "judgment level" for each type of sample brown rice that has been placed, and changing this to the determination level already set in the determination control means in a short time, furthermore, by making a determination based on the determination level corresponding to the type. Measurement without errors becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1.2 is a conceptual configuration diagram of a brown rice quality determination apparatus to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 1 is a view in the direction of the ■ arrow in FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the electrical connection relationship between the detection unit and the determination control means, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the determination level by species. b) is the judgment level created based on the standard sample of type (Koshihikari). Figure 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the "measurement program";
The figure is a block diagram showing the relationship between the functions of the determination control means 16 and other means. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing determination levels. In the figure, 1 is a brown rice quality determination device, 2 is a rotating disk,
3 is a detection unit, 5 is a sample sampling hole, 6 is a timing hole, 8 is a sample of brown rice, 10 is a motor, 13 is a sample supply unit, 14 is an input circuit, 16 is a judgment control means, 24 is a light source, and 30 is a transmission The light receiving element 32 is a reflected light receiving element. Patent applicant: Shizuoka Seiki Co., Ltd. Representative: Shigeo Suzuki

Claims (1)

[Claims] a detection unit that irradiates each grain of sample brown rice with light and detects at least the amount of diffusely transmitted light (T) and the amount of diffusely reflected light (R);
A determination control means that calculates a light amount ratio based on the measured value input from the detection unit and compares this light amount ratio with a determination level stored in advance in a memory to determine the quality rank of brown rice. , a type setting means for setting the type of the brown rice sample; a judgment level storage means for storing a plurality of judgment levels corresponding to the type of the brown rice sample in a memory in advance; and a type set by the type setting means when starting the measurement. A quality determination apparatus for brown rice, characterized in that a determination level changing means reads a determination level corresponding to the determination level from the determination level storage means and changes the determination level from the determination level set in the determination control means.