JPH05133883A - Determining method of quality of unhulled rice - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a determining method of the quality of unhulled rice wherein the quality of the unhulled rice is determined on the basis of the value of the quantity of light detected from a light beam applied to each grain of the rice and wherein the brand of the rice is determined on the basis of a quality evaluation value obtained as the result of the fore-going determination. CONSTITUTION:Unhulled rice of a high water content is dried by heating for a short time by a microwave or hot air. The unhulled rice of high water content thus treated is hulled to be unpolished rice 1 by an impeller-type huller. A light is applied to each one grain of the unpolished rice thus obtained and the quality of the unpolished rice 1 being a sample is determined on the basis of detected values of the quantity of transmitted light, the quantity of reflected light, etc. The light is applied to each grain of the rice, the quantity of transmitted light, the quantity of reflected light, etc., are detected and the constituent is determined from the detected value of each quantity of light. The constituent thus determined is subjected to a statistical processing, compared with a quality evaluation value and thereby the kind or mixing-in of another kind is determined.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for determining the quality of paddy rice, and in particular, the quality of the paddy rice is determined by irradiating each grain of rice with a ray of light to detect the amount of light, and determining the quality based on the value. The present invention relates to a determination method and a method for determining a rice brand based on a quality evaluation value obtained as a result of the determination.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an era in which the quality of rice is being questioned, a device and a quality judgment device for judging the quality have been proposed. For example, in the one disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 64-28542, each grain of the sample paddy rice is irradiated with light, and the diffuse transmitted light amount, the diffuse reflected light amount, the red diffuse reflected light amount, the green diffuse reflected light amount and the brown rice Detects the amount of transmitted light at the front and the amount of transmitted light at the rear of the long axis, and based on that value or their ratio, the quality of rice, especially whether it is heat-regulated sized or immature grain, or colored grain,
It judges whether it is dead rice or damaged by worm eating. Further, for example, in the one disclosed in JP-A-64-26126, a sample obtained by crushing milled rice into powder is subjected to a near-infrared analyzer to detect its component, and the component is statistically processed to determine the taste. The quality evaluation value was measured.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned determination method of the prior art, the dried paddy is hulled by a hulling machine, and the dried brown rice is measured by a quality judging device. This is due to the performance of the hulling machine, and hulling could not be performed unless the hull was dry. This is not a problem when deciding the quality when shipping brown rice, but it is a problem when sorting the quality of raw paddy when receiving the raw paddy at a rice drying and preparation facility. Generally, in a rice drying and preparation facility, in order to carry out a grade test and a sale of rice by pool calculation, a voluntary verification device and a quality judgment device are used for the verification. However, in both cases, it is necessary to dry the sample paddy for a long time and hull it to make brown rice. Therefore, there is a problem in that the results of these quality judgments are not reflected in the drying plan, and those having different grades and qualities are mixed. In addition, since the ingredients of each grain could not be detected, it was not possible to judge the overall quality and to detect the mixture of different varieties, and not only to guarantee the quality and brand to consumers, but also to trust the rice drying facility. It was also a problem.

Therefore, in the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, what was conventionally required to predict the quality of raw rice for a long time was brought into a brown rice state in a short time, and dry brown rice was measured. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for judging the quality of unhulled rice, which is capable of promptly obtaining the same quality judgment result. Also, 1
By detecting the ingredients of each grain, the purpose is to find out the mixture of different varieties in advance to judge the overall quality and to secure the credibility of the drying facility.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by having the following means. Microwave or high-moisture rice in a step of heating and drying with hot air, and a step of removing the high-moisture rice processed in the above step with an impeller-type hulling machine to make brown rice,
Irradiate each grain of brown rice obtained in the above step with light,
A step of judging the quality of the sample brown rice based on the detected values such as the amount of transmitted light and the amount of reflected light. The appearance quality is detected by the light in the visible light region, and the internal quality is detected by the light in the near infrared region.
A quality evaluation value is obtained from the detected values, and compared with a quality evaluation value obtained in advance, the brand of rice for each grain is determined.

[0006]

By the above means, the method for judging the quality of unhulled rice of the present invention is to dry the hull by heating and drying high moisture rice with microwave or hot air to form a slight gap between the unhulled rice and the brown rice inside. As it occurs, the raw rice can be easily removed by applying it to an impeller type huller, and a sample rice that is raw brown rice and has a smooth appearance can be obtained. Equivalent quality judgment results can be obtained. If the moisture content of the paddy is about 20% or less, it is possible to directly hull the rice with an impeller-type hulling machine and to apply the brown rice to a quality judging device without prior drying. In addition, since the components of rice such as water, protein, and starch can be detected by using near-infrared light, it is possible to judge the brand and detect the presence or absence of a mixture of different brands by comparing with the component composition peculiar to each variety. ..

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and tables. When hot-drying the unhulled rice, which is used for the quality judgment of unhulled rice, with hot air, the unhulled rice should be arranged in the thinnest layer possible on the slats, and 40 ~
Hot air at 50 ° C. is sent for 5 to 10 minutes to be dried, and then removed with an impeller type huller. In the case of microwave drying,
Since a commercially available microwave oven can be used, and this method requires only a drying time of 2 to 3 minutes, the quality can be judged more quickly. The results of the removing performance by this method are as shown in Table 1, which is equivalent to the appearance of brown rice that was obtained by removing dry paddy with a roll type huller, and an accurate quality judgment can be made.

[0008]

[Table 1] In the impeller-type hulling machine, the occurrence of barrel splits and increased mixing of paddy among the damaged grains are observed, but this does not affect the overall quality evaluation.

FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the structure of a quality judging device for paddy rice. In FIG. 1, brown rice 1 that has been removed by an impeller-type huller is placed on the outer peripheral portion of a grain feed disc 2 that is horizontally rotated by a motor 3, and moves at a predetermined speed. A halogen light source 4, a polarizing filter 5, a chopper disk 6, and a halogen light source 4 are provided at an upper position on one side of the grain feeding disc 2 facing the brown rice 1.
An interference filter 7, a polarization filter 8 and a transmission head 9 are provided. The transmissive head 9 is provided with a reflected light sensor 10 including a photodiode (for visible light), PbS (for near infrared light), and the like, and a transmitted light sensor 11. Further, a barrel split head 12 is provided at a position facing the brown rice 1 on the other side of the grain feed disc 2, and the barrel split head 12 is located above the grain feed disc 2 and has an LED light source 13. However, a front optical sensor 14 and a rear optical sensor 15 are provided below the grain feeding disc 2.

On the other hand, from the position opposite to the reflected light sensor 10 of the transmissive head 9, the reflected light from the brown rice 1 is dispersed through the spectroscopic optical fiber 16 and connected to the spectroscopic head 17. The spectroscopic head 17 includes a half mirror 18,
A red light sensor 19, a green light sensor 20 and the like are provided. Then, the transmission head 9, the body split head 12,
The spectroscopic head 17 includes a microcomputer 21.
It is connected to the.

In the rice grain quality judging apparatus thus constructed, the unpolished rice 1 removed by the impeller type hulling machine is used.
Are placed on the outer periphery of the grain feed disc 2 at a predetermined interval, and while the grain feed disc 2 is rotated horizontally by the motor 3 at a predetermined speed, the brown rice 1 is fed from the halogen light source 4 to the brown rice 1. Light is pulsed through the polarizing filter 5, the chopper disk 6, the interference filter 7, the polarizing filter 8 and the like, and is also emitted, and the light from the LED light source 13 is also emitted.
Of the light rays emitted from the halogen light source 4 to the brown rice 1, those diffusely reflected are detected by the reflected light sensor 10, the red light sensor 19, the green light sensor 20, etc., and those diffusely transmitted are the transmitted light sensor 11. Detected by
Each is sent to the microcomputer 21 for analysis.

The light emitted from the LED light source 13 and diffused and transmitted through the brown rice 1 is detected by the front photosensor 14 and the rear photosensor 15 of the split head 12.
It is sent to the microcomputer 21 and analyzed. In this way, the quality of raw paddy is accurately determined in a short time.

As described above, by statistically processing a plurality of component values, it is possible to obtain numerical values and parameters unique to the product type. For example, a numerical value is calculated by multiple regression calculation, and 90 points can be obtained for good-tasting varieties such as “Koshihikari” and 70 points for the average varieties “Nihonbare”. It is possible to confirm the varieties according to the declaration by calculating the score from the ingredients of (1), and if the scores vary from grain to grain, it is possible to detect the possibility of mixing. There are not so many varieties handled in one drying facility, so even if the measurement accuracy is lower than the accuracy for milled rice flour, it can be detected. The detection can also be performed by applying discriminant analysis or principal component analysis as another means of statistical processing. Furthermore, it becomes more reliable if the overall index is obtained by weighting the appearance information and the internal information, and sorting is performed according to the index.

[0014]

As described above, according to the method for judging the quality of unhulled rice of the present invention, since it took a long time to dry the raw rice in the past, the quality judgment was delayed and a dry preparation plan could not be made. The quality of rice can be quickly obtained from the raw rice and the quality judgment result can be known, so it is easy to plan the drying process, and it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the whole quality by mixing the different types of paddy rice. We can meet the market demand for bipolarization of quality. In addition, quality rice such as colored granules, which is severely planned, can be judged before drying and can be classified and managed in advance. In addition, since the ingredients for each grain can be known, it is possible to sort the ingredients according to the ingredients, and it is possible to check in advance whether or not the varieties are declared at the receiving stage, which makes it easier for farmers to manage. , The credit of the drying facility can be secured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural conceptual diagram of a quality evaluation device for paddy rice according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Brown rice 2 Grain feeding disc 3 Motor 4 Halogen light source 5,8 Polarizing filter 6 Chopper disk 7 Interference filter 9 Transmission head 10 Reflected light sensor 11 Transmitted light sensor 12 Body split head 13 LED light source 14 Front light sensor 15 Rear light sensor 16 Spectral Optical Fiber 17 Spectral Head 18 Half Mirror 19 Red Light Sensor 20 Green Light Sensor 21 Microcomputer

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method for determining the quality of unhulled rice, comprising the following steps A to B. A Step of removing high-moisture paddy with an impeller-type huller to make brown rice, B Irradiate each grain of the brown rice obtained in step A above with light to detect the transmitted light amount, reflected light amount, etc. Step to judge the quality of the sample brown rice based on. 2. A method for determining quality of unhulled rice, comprising the following steps A to C. A step of heat-drying high-moisture rice for a short time with microwave or hot air, B step of removing high-moisture rice treated in step A above with an impeller-type huller to make brown rice, C above B A step of irradiating each grain of brown rice obtained in the step with light and determining the quality of the sample brown rice based on the detected values such as the amount of transmitted light and the amount of reflected light. 3. The method for determining quality of unhulled rice according to claim 1, wherein the main light of the light irradiated for each grain is visible light. 4. The method for judging quality of unhulled rice according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light for irradiating each grain has near infrared light as a main wavelength. 5. The light is radiated for each grain of rice, and the amount of transmitted light,
A method for determining the quality of paddy rice, which detects the amount of reflected light, obtains a component from the detected value of each light amount, statistically processes the component and compares it with a quality evaluation value to determine a variety or a mixture of different varieties.