JPH02179452A - Method for judging quality of rice grain - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to judge the quality of a rice grain accurately by using light sources having the different wavelength regions and mirrors or filters matching said light sources. CONSTITUTION:Rice grains which are supplied through a feeding hopper 21 are made to flow through a vibrating grain sending gutter 50. Steps are provided at grain sending grooves 41 and 61 of the gutter 50. The rice grains are aligned. Light sources 91 and 101 project visible light and infrared-ray light from the upper and lower parts of the gutter 50, respectively, at a position of a slit 53. A measuring part 90 for the amount of reflected light and a measuring part 100 for the amount of transmitted light in a light-quantity measuring part are provided on the gutter 50. The measured values are operated in an arithmetic and control part, and the qualities of a plurality of the rice grains are judged. At this time, the rice grains are scanned linearly in the perpendicular direction with respect to the conveying direction of the rice grains with the linear image sensors of the light-quantity measuring part. Measurement and operation are performed for each specified item. The results are combined, and analysis is performed for every judging section which is the base for judging the quality. Thus the quality is judged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a rice grain quality discriminating device for determining the quality of brown rice, white rice, or unhulled rice.

[Conventional technology]

Grains such as rice grains are inspected in accordance with the Agricultural Products Standards Regulations based on the Agricultural Products Inspection Act and compared with standard products to determine the grade, and this inspection is carried out by agricultural product inspectors. The inspectors are people who are experts in grain inspection, and are trained to always make correct grading decisions, but because the inspection is done visually, it cannot be said to be perfect.

Therefore, as an apparatus for determining the powder quality of brown rice, for example,
125664@Publication is available, and the same method is published in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 57
It is disclosed in JP-153249 or JP-62-150141.

That is, in JP-A No. 56-125664, by irradiating each grain of brown rice with visible light and measuring the reflected light and transmitted light M of the light, grain size adjustment, which is the powder quality of brown rice, is carried out. This is a powder quality discriminating device for brown rice that attempts to distinguish milky grains, blue rice, brown rice, or North American rice, and the device in JP-A No. 57-153249 irradiates each grain of brown rice with a light beam of a desired wavelength. This method measures the transmittance and compares the transmittance with a predetermined threshold value to determine whether or not the particles are defective. The method of JP-A No. 62-150141 irradiates each grain of brown rice with light, and calculates the diffuse transmitted light ω, the amount of diffusely reflected light, the preset of two arbitrary wavelengths in the diffusely reflected light, and each grain of brown rice. The amount of transmitted light at two positions of each grain of brown rice is detected, and the ratio of the amount of diffusely transmitted light to the amount of diffusely reflected light, the ratio of the amount of light of two arbitrary wavelengths in the diffusely reflected light, and the ratio of the amount of transmitted light at two positions for each grain of brown rice. The process calculates the ratio of each light amount and determines the quality of brown rice: regular grain, clear grain, milky white grain, immature blue grain, split grain, damaged grain, colored grain, green dead grain, and white dead grain. There are ways to do it.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in these conventional devices and methods, the detection items that serve as standards for quality judgment are single data elements of the amount of reflected light and the amount of transmitted light, and accurate judgment cannot be made. In other words, even if the grain is sized (normal grain), it may not be possible to determine it as sized because there are differences in the amount of reflected light and transmitted light depending on the variety, production area, or growth conditions. For example, the frequency distribution of each grade of brown rice such as foreign matter, colored grains, and powdery quality is shown in Figure 8, and each brown rice is distributed along the X axis (brightness - reflected light )
Because the boundaries overlap, it is impossible to accurately determine each grade no matter where the boundary line is placed.

In addition, it is necessary to measure the transmitted light and reflected light in rice grain quality judgment at the same position in the device where the rice grains are flowing or flowing. This method cannot be used if there is a change in the quality of the rice grain quality determination between the small transmitted light measurement unit and the measurement point of the reflected light m.

In view of the above points, the technical object of the present invention is to provide a rice grain quality discriminating device that can more accurately determine the quality of rice grains.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the rice grain quality discriminating device of the present invention includes a vibrating grain feeding gutter that flows the rice grains supplied from the rice grain supply vehicle collar, and a bottom surface of the grain feeding groove provided in the grain feeding gutter. The rice grains flow in an aligned manner due to the steps tilted in the direction of movement.
When the rice grains pass through the slit of the grain feeding trough, the visible light reflected light m measurement point and the infrared light transmitted light small measuring section measure the reflection and transmission of the rice grains at the same position, and the measured values are sent to the calculation control section. The average transmitted light amount, the average reflected light amount, the light amount of the brightest point, the light of the darkest point ♀,
The amount of light that is the difference between the brightest point and the darkest point, the area of the area that is brighter by a certain amount or more than the average transmitted light amount or the average reflected light amount, the area of the area that is also darker than the average transmitted light amount or average reflected light amount by a certain amount or more, and the overall shadow area. The solution was to measure and calculate each item of the elliptical shape and to discriminate into multiple grades based on the combination of the measured and calculated values.

In addition, since the light amount measurement section contains a mixture of visible light and infrared light, it is necessary to provide an infrared light cut filter in the reflected light measurement section and a visible light cut filter in the transmitted light amount measurement section, or to install a dichroic filter in the light amount measurement section. The problem was solved by installing a mirror to separate visible light and infrared light.

[For production]

By providing a step in the grain feeding groove of the vibrating grain feeding trough? ! 2. Rice grains can be aligned without using a complicated structure, and each grain can be flowed down to the reflection/transmission measurement section with gaps between grains.

Digitally processing the 81 measured values of the reflected light amount measuring section and the transmitted light weight measuring section, which change over time, that is, the waveform measured by the measuring section when the rice grain passes through the measuring section, in the arithmetic and control section allows the waveform to be processed in minute units. Changes can be treated as a characteristic of a waveform and can be treated as multiple pieces of information, but in analog, one waveform can only be viewed as one piece of information.

Furthermore, the plurality of pieces of information obtained by the above digital processing are subjected to calculation processing, such as the average number of transmitted times, the average amount of reflected light, the amount of light at the brightest point, the light ω at the darkest point, the difference in light m between the brightest point and the darkest point, and the above. The area of a region that is brighter by a certain amount or more than the average transmitted light amount or average reflected light ω, the area of a region that is darker by a certain amount or more than the average transmitted light ■ or the average previous reflected light, general area, elliptical shape, etc., and there are many types of these. By performing discrimination based on a combination of information, it is possible to distinguish grains with rough skin, immature grains, damaged grains, North American grains, colored grains, foreign substances, etc., which are the basis of rice grading, and improve the accuracy when calculating the ratio. It can be measured.

Furthermore, by using two light sources with different wavelength ranges, it became possible to capture signals of the amount of reflected light and the amount of transmitted light from the rice grains at the same location.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, by using light sources with different wavelength ranges and mirrors or filters corresponding to the wavelength ranges, the transmitted light m of the rice grains or the measurement signal of the amount of reflected light is captured at the same position on the grain feeder. Is possible. In other words, even if a change in rice grain quality occurs before and after the measurement position on the feed I2 gutter of the measurement unit, it will not affect the measured value in any way.
Can be accurately determined. In addition, the signal from the measurement unit, which can be called the heart of the rice grain quality discriminator, is multiplied by multiple pieces of information through digital processing and two types of information from reflection and transmission. It is very accurate compared to discrimination, and it is useful for rice inspection.
It becomes possible to quickly perform accurate grade determination in place of inspection by

〔Example〕

The configuration of this embodiment is shown in Figs. 1 to 3, Fig. 7, and Fig. 10.
This will be explained using figures. First, a first example will be explained.

Reference numeral 1 indicates a rice grain quality discriminating device of the present invention.

A sample supply hopper 21 supported on the support frame 11 at the upper left end of the machine frame 10 and a valve 22 for discharging an appropriate amount of sample under the hopper are provided, and a pulley 24 mounted on the rotation shaft 23 of the valve The valve 22 is rotated by the drive motor 25, and the valve 22 is rotated by the drive motor 25, and the valve 22 is rotated by the drive motor 25, and the valve 22 is rotated by the drive motor 25, and the valve 22 is rotated by the drive motor 25. A unit 20 is formed. Further, a scattering prevention cover 29 is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the pulp 22 from the lower part of the supply hopper 21 inside the valve unit 20. The valve 22 is provided with fS at arbitrary intervals in the direction of the rotation axis on the circumference of the valve so as to intermittently release the sample.
form 30.

The sample released from the valve unit 20 is placed in the machine frame 1.
Flows into the supply side of a vibrating grain feeding gutter (hereinafter referred to as "feeding feeder") 40 having a plurality of grain feeding grooves 41 provided on the top of the feeder 40, and is connected to the discharge side of the feeding feeder 40. A grain feeding gutter 50 is provided. At this time, on the upper surface of the grain feeding gutter 50, there are provided grain feeding grooves 5 which have the same number as the grain feeding grooves 41 on the feeding feeder 40 and have a relatively larger width than each of the grain feeding grooves 41.
4 will be provided. The sample passing through the grain feeding gutter 50 flows into a vibrating rQ gutter (hereinafter referred to as "sorting feeder") 60 which is different from the feeding feeder 40 and is connected to the grain feeding gutter 50 in a related manner. A sorting device 80 for sorting out low-quality grains, such as grains with loose skin, split grains, colored grains, and North American grains, is suspended at an arbitrary position of the sorting feeder 60.

The sample flowing through the sorting feeder 60 is discharged to the outside of the machine from an outlet 86 on the discharge side of the sorting feeder 60. Also, among the samples, the low-quality samples are sorted using fi!
sorted by ff180 and passed through the conveying pipe 83 to the feeder 6.
It is discharged to the outside of the machine from a discharge port (not shown) different from the discharge side of 0.

Said feeder 40. The sorting feeders 60 each have anti-vibration rubber 42,62 interposed therebetween, and each base 43,63
The feeder 40 and the sorting feeder 60 are provided with a stepped portion 45 that is fixed to the machine frame 10 and tilted forward in the advancing direction.
．． 65 is formed at one or several locations. (FIG. 2) Next, the light amount measuring device 120 will be described in detail.

Above the grain feeding gutter 50, a light source 91 of visible light is provided at the front and rear positions around the slit 53 provided in the grain feeding gutter 50, and a cover 93 is provided with a slit 92 for FA installation on the upper outer periphery of the light source 91. , and below the grain feeding gutter 50 there is a grain feeding gutter 50.
A light source 10 consisting of infrared light is placed at the bottom of the slit 53 provided in the
1 will be provided. Furthermore, the slit 53 is connected to the grain feeding trough surface 52.
A condenser lens 94 is placed on an arbitrary extension on a perpendicular line passing through the center of the slit 92, and a reflected light detection element 96 is formed of a linear image sensor. Light amount detection element 106
The reflected light amount detection element 96 has an infrared light cut filter 97, the transmitted light amount detection element 106 has an inclination of 45 degrees to the perpendicular line, and the transmitted light ω A light m measurement unit 90 is provided which includes a half mirror 102 placed at the intersection of the optical axis of the detection element 106 and the optical axis of the reflected light detection element 96.

The light amount detection elements 96 and 106 have 40961jl linear image sensors arranged in parallel or a built-in near image sensor array, and detect the rice grains by transmission and reflection when they pass over the slits of the grain feeder 50. The feature is imaged onto a linear image sensor.

The light source 91, light source 101, and light amount measuring section 90 described above form a light amount measuring device 120.

Here, the number of condensing lenses 94 may be the same as the number of flow grooves 54 of the grain feeder 150, or one condenser lens may be provided for every plurality of flow grooves 54.

Next, the sorting device 80 will be described in detail (see FIG. 3).

The sorting device 80 has a suction port 82 of a suction tube 81 facing each groove of the sorting feeder 60. The suction pipe 81 is provided so as to hang down perpendicularly to the conveying surface of the sorting feeder 60. The upper end of each suction tube 81 is connected to a conveying tube 83 that is horizontally suspended, and both the suction tube 81 and the conveying tube 83 have an inner diameter that allows rice grains to pass through. Also, one end of each conveying pipe 83 is connected to an air compressor (not shown), and the other end is connected to the machine frame 10.
It faces inside a rice grain receiving box placed in an appropriate space inside and outside. A solenoid valve 84 is interposed in each conveyance pipe 83 closer to the air compressor than the suction pipe 81 , and each solenoid valve 84 is configured to be operated by an output signal from the arithmetic and control device 113 . In addition, compressed air blown by the operation of a solenoid valve 84 is supplied to each conveying pipe 83 by providing a nozzle part 85 just before the suction pipe 81 is attached to an ejector.
r). As a result, when the arithmetic and control unit 113 analyzes the measured value of the light amount measuring device 120 and determines that a certain rice grain is a low-grade grain, the solenoid valve 84 is actuated by a signal from the arithmetic and control unit 113, and compressed air is supplied to the nozzle. Part 85
pass through. At this time, the pressure inside the suction tube 81 becomes low, and the rice grains are sucked through the suction port 82 and conveyed to the rice grain receiving box through the conveyance tube 83. In addition, it is preferable to provide a large number of ventilation holes 51 at the bottom of each groove of the sorting feeder 60 so as to suck air from below the groove to prevent rice grains other than split grains from being sucked in.

Next, the configuration of the arithmetic and control device will be explained with reference to FIG. The reflected light amount measuring element 96 and the transmitted light amount measuring element 106 are connected to an arithmetic and control unit 113 via an A/D conversion 111 and a differentiation circuit 112, respectively. The arithmetic and control unit 113 and A/
The calculation control unit 1 is operated by the D conversion 111 and the differentiation circuit 112.
Make 10. In addition, the arithmetic and control unit 113 includes a sorting device 80.
and the drive motor 25 of the supply valve 22 and the feeder 40
and the sorting feeder 60 are connected.

Here, while referring to the block diagram in FIG.
To explain the conversion 111 in detail, the linear image sensor array 90 linearly captures the cut surface of the rice grains on the slit 53 of the grain feeder 50 at a certain moment to create an overall image. The sensor array 90 is connected to a whiteness measurement A/D converter 70 and a general A/D converter 71, and the whiteness measurement A/D converter 70 converts gray values through an image normalization device 72. The general A/D converter 71 is connected to an averaging device 73 and a general comparator 75 via an image normalizing device 74. The general comparator 75 and the gray value averaging device 73 are connected to the encoder 76.
It is connected to the arithmetic and control unit 113 via.

The operation of the above configuration will be explained. Supply hopper 21
A sample is introduced into the feeder, and the valve 22, feeder 40, and sorting feeder 60 are activated by the arithmetic and control unit 113.

The sample rice grains are sent to the feeder 40 by the rotation of the pulp 22.
The light is discharged into the input section of the light source and flows to the light amount measuring device 120 by the feeder 40. Next, the rice grains are put into the grain feeder 1i 1150 of the light amount measuring device 120. At this time, grain feeding 15
The rice grains pass over the 0 slits 53 in the longitudinal direction. The time required at this time is assumed to be 10 m5. When the light amount measurement section 100 starts measurement, the light amount measurement section measures each groove in a predetermined order based on the transmission and reflection of the slit 92 provided in the light measurement section. Although the number of grooves provided in each of the grain feeder 50, the feeder 40, and the sorting feeder 60 differs, the slits 9
It is assumed that the time required to measure the light intensity of each of the two grooves once is 0.5 ms. In other words, each light amount measuring section can obtain measurement signals 20 times during the 10 m5 period in which one rice grain passes through the slit 92. These 20 measurement signals are used as a measurement signal for one rice grain, which is very different from known rice grain quality discriminating devices.

Now, the amount of reflected and transmitted light obtained through the slit 92 is divided by the half mirror 102 into the direction of the optical axis and the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. The amount of light divided in the optical axis direction passes only visible light through an infrared light cut filter 97, and is measured by a reflected light amount detection element 96 as the amount of reflected light from the rice grains. On the other hand, the amount of light divided in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis passes only infrared light through a visible light cut filter 107, and is measured by a transmitted light amount detection element 106 as the amount of light transmitted through the rice grains.

Here, items to be detected by the linear image sensor array 51 will be explained.

First, the reflected light is A... Average reflected light ff11B... Light intensity at the brightest point, C... Light intensity at the darkest point, D...
Light amount difference between the brightest point and the darkest point, E... Area of a region that is a certain amount or more brighter than the average reflected light amount, F... Area of a region that is a certain amount or more darker than the average reflected light m, G... Total Projected area and H...elliptical shape.

In addition, the transmitted light is a... average amount of transmitted light, b... light at the brightest point, C... light amount at the darkest point, d... light amount of the difference between the brightest point and the darkest point, e . . . Area of a region that is a certain amount or more brighter than the average transmitted light amount, f . . . Area of a region that is darker than the average transmitted light amount by a certain amount or more, 9.

In addition, the analysis classification for determining the quality of rice grains (brown rice) obtained by combining these detection values is:
・Completely good product with no skin irritation, ■Skin irritation grains・
...Refers to brown rice whose skin has peeled off or come loose, and whose area is 1 mm2 or more and 8 mm2 or less (the area of one side of one grain is 14 to 15 mm2), ■Immature grains... in the center White-heart grain with a white opaque area (powdery substance), white-belly grain with a white opaque area on the abdomen and back (the area of the powdery substance in each case is 4nue2~8+11112), or the part of the fruit with insufficient grain filling. Blue immature grains with green color and no powdery substance, ■
Damaged grains: Damaged grains other than the shell-split grains described below, including insect-damaged grains, germinated grains, diseased grains, sprouted grains, brown rice, and crushed grains (1/3 to 2/3 of the size of the grain size) etc., and the size of the colored part is 0.5 to 1.0 mm2, or the grain size is 1/1 of the regular grain size.
4 to 2/3 (4 to 10 mm2), ■ North America: refers to the size of the powdered part is 1/2 (8 mm2) or more of the grain, and there are white dead rice and blue dead rice. ■Colored grains...
A particle whose surface is brown or black in whole or in part due to insects, heat, mold, or fungi, and the size of the colored part is l.
ll1m2 or more, or the amount of reflected light is less than 70% of normal grains (in other words, the entire grain is colored), ■ Foreign matter.
...These are grains other than the rice grains to be measured, soil, etc.

The relationship between the detection items and analysis categories is as shown in Tables 1 and 2. Regular grains and grains with rough skin are analyzed according to the previous detection items, and other analysis categories are analyzed using the detection items as appropriate. This is done in combination.

Table 1 Table 2 and above Each light intensity measuring element digitally processes one of the 20 measurement signals of one rice grain obtained from the slit 92, and the horizontal axis represents time t, and the vertical axis represents the t11 signal. If the level vt is illustrated, the result will be as shown in FIG. The time T is calculated by 1q depending on the length of the rice grain in the width direction.

The Vd at the time of display in the figure shows that the amount of transmitted light is decreasing, but it is difficult to determine from this alone whether this is due to skin misalignment, body splitting, or coloring.

Here, the reflected light amount measurement signals obtained simultaneously from the same rice grain are illustrated as shown in FIG. 6 (2). Displayed in the diagram TO
Since the amount of reflected light increases in that part of Ve at time, it can be understood that the surface of the rice grain in that part appears whiter than the other surface of the rice grain. It can be determined that the grains are misaligned. Furthermore, if the signal from the same reflected light measurement section is shown in Figure 6 (■), it can be seen that at the 10 o'clock part in the figure, the amount of reflected light has decreased by <Vf, which is the same as the transmitted light amount measurement signal, and the amount of transmitted light has decreased. Fifth
In combination with the figure, it can be determined that these rice grains are colored grains.

As described above, while one rice grain passes through the slit, the reflected light amount measurement signal and the transmitted light amount measurement signal are digitally processed and their waveforms are analyzed, and the rice grains are determined based on the combination of the two light amount measurement signals. It becomes easy and accurate to judge the quality of the product.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a cross-sectional measurement signal of a rice grain with anti-α1 and transmitted light amount when ① regular grain, ② textured grain, ② split grain, and ③ colored grain pass through each grain.

The above explanation is just a cross-sectional view of a rice grain, and the gist of the present invention is to process the 20 signals of one rice grain captured by each linear image sensor as an image of the entire rice grain. be. In other words, if the signals shown in Figure 5 are overlaid and analyzed continuously for one rice grain (in this case, 20 times), it will be possible to determine which part of the entire rice grain has skin deviation or coloring, and the size of the entire rice grain. The color of the entire rice grain can be determined from the signal. This is because by storing digitally processed signals as a single pixel, the entire rice grain is imaged on the sensor as if it were seen by the human eye, and the signal is processed.

The signal obtained by the light amount measurement is processed by the arithmetic and control unit 113 as described above, and the quality of the rice grains is determined.

For example, the average reflected light ff1(A) is measured by processing the data from the linear image sensor array 90 by the whiteness measurement A/D converter 70 and the image normalization device 72, and then by the grayness averaging device. 73 and input to the arithmetic and control unit 113 via the encoder 76, where the average amount of reflected light of the entire rice grain is calculated. In addition, general A/D
The signal processed by the converter 71 and the image normalization device 74 is sent to a general-purpose comparator 75 for a near image sensor.
The analysis categories in Table 1 are processed moment by moment based on the data from the array 51, and the arithmetic and control unit 13 analyzes the entire rice grain to determine one of the analysis categories. These are processed at the same speed as the linear image sensor array 90 scans.

Next, when the rice grains determined to be low quality based on this result pass under the sorting device 80, the order and average passing time of the rice grains are stored, so that the corresponding rice grains are accurately selected by the arithmetic and control device 113. The low-grade rice grains are sucked into the suction port 82 by the operation of the solenoid valve 84 in response to a signal from the rice grain receiving box, and are transported to the rice grain receiving box through the transport pipe 83.

Next, another embodiment of the light amount measuring device 120 will be described with reference to FIG. 9. However, parts common to the first embodiment are indicated by the same reference numerals, and parts different from the first embodiment, that is, the structure and operation of the optical Φ measuring device, will be explained.

First, above the grain feeding gutter 50, there is a cover 93 which has a light source 91 of visible light at the front and rear positions around the slit 53 provided in the grain feeding gutter 50, and a slit 92 that surrounds the upper outer periphery of the light source 91. A light source 101 made of infrared light is provided below the grain feeding gutter 50 below the slit 53 provided in the grain feeding gutter 50. Further, the slit 5 is connected to the inclined surface 52.
3 and the center of the slit 92, a condensing lens 94, a reflected light amount detecting element 96, a transmitted light amount detecting element 106 in a direction perpendicular to the perpendicular line, and an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the perpendicular line. The center thereof is the optical axis of the transmitted light ω detection element 106 and the reflected light amount detection element 9.
A light amount measuring section 100 is provided, which is comprised of a dichroic mirror 103 placed at the intersection with the optical axis of the light source 6.

The light source 91, light source 101, and light D measuring section 100 described above form a light amount measuring device 120.

Next, the operation of the optical m measuring device 120 in the second embodiment will be described. The amount of reflected and transmitted light obtained through the slit 92 is divided by the dichroic mirror 103 into the optical axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Light of 11000n to 1500nm is divided in the direction perpendicular to the axis. The amount of light divided in the optical axis direction is visible light, and is measured by the reflected light amount detection element 96 as the amount of reflected light from the rice grains.

On the other hand, the amount of light divided perpendicular to the optical axis is infrared light,
The amount of transmitted light is measured by the transmitted light amount detection element 106 as the amount of light transmitted through the rice grains. The amounts of reflected and transmitted light measured in this manner are processed by the processing unit to determine the quality, as in the first embodiment.

In the embodiment according to the present invention, the side part of the light ffi IF is shown as having an integral structure with one condensing lens using a half mirror or a dike mirror, but one point on the grain feeding gutter is used for transmission and for reflection. It goes without saying that it is also possible to measure from two locations using separate condensing lenses.

The method for determining the quality of rice grains with the above structure and operation makes it possible to set many criteria for determination by incorporating a large number of data for determining the quality of rice grains at the same position on the grain feeding trough. The method of discriminating by taking in one signal from the source greatly improves the accuracy of the discrimination.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view of the feeding and sorting feeder, Fig. 3 is a perspective partial view of the sorting device, Fig. 4 is a block diagram, and Fig. 5 is a transmitted light waveform analysis diagram. , Fig. 6 is a pattern diagram of a combination of reflected light and transmitted light, Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along A-A of the feeding and sorting feeder, Fig. 8 is a frequency distribution diagram, and Fig. 9 is a diagram of the second embodiment. The configuration diagram, FIG. 10, is a detailed block diagram of A/D conversion. 1...Rice grain quality discrimination device, 10...Machine frame, 11...
- Support frame, 20... Valve unit, 21... Supply hopper, 22... Valve, 23.26... Rotating shaft, 24.27... Pulley 25... Drive motor,
28...Timing belt, 2 pieces...Scatter prevention cover 30...Groove, 40...Feeder, 41.61
... Grain feed groove, 42.62 ... Vibration-proof rubber part, 43
゜63...Base, 45.65...Step, 50...
Feed IQ gutter, 51... Ventilation hole, 52... Grain feed gutter surface, 5
3...Slit, 54...Flowing groove, 60...Feeder for sorting, 70...A/D converter for whiteness measurement, 7
1... General A/D converter, 72... Image normalization device, 73... Gray value averaging device, 74... Image normalization device, 75... General use comparator, 76 ...encoder,
80... Sorting device, 81... Suction pipe, 82... Suction port, 83... Conveying pipe, 84... Solenoid valve, 85...
・Nozzle part, 86... Discharge port, 90... Light amount measurement part, 91.101... Light source, 92... Slit, 93
...Cover 94...Condensing lens, 96...Reverse...
Light amount detection element, 97...Infrared light cut filter 1
00... Light amount measurement unit, 102... Half mirror 11
03... Dichroic mirror, 106... Transmitted light amount detection element, 107... Visible light cut filter, 1
10... Arithmetic control unit, 111... 'A/D conversion, 112... Differential circuit, 113... Arithmetic control device,
120... Optical ω measurement device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A vibrating grain feeding gutter provided with grain feeding grooves for flowing rice grains is installed horizontally, a rice grain supply section is provided on the supply side of the vibrating grain feeding gutter, and a slit is provided in the grain feeding gutter. a light source consisting of visible light that irradiates the rice grains from above the grain feeding gutter at the front and back positions of the upper part of the grain feeding gutter in relation to the slit, and a light source that irradiates the rice grains from below the grain feeding gutter through the slit below the grain feeding gutter; a light source made of infrared light, a light amount measuring section including a reflected light amount measuring section and a transmitted light amount measuring section on the upper part of the grain feeding gutter in association with the slit of the grain feeding gutter, and calculating the measured values of each of the measuring sections. In the rice grain quality discriminating device, which is equipped with a calculation control unit that processes and distinguishes rice grains into multiple grades, light is irradiated onto the rice grains that are sequentially conveyed by the grain feeding gutter, and the linear image sensor of the optical distance measuring unit is used to control the conveyance of rice grains. Scan linearly in a direction perpendicular to the direction, average amount of transmitted light, average reflected light amount, light amount of the brightest point, light amount of the darkest point, light amount of the difference between the brightest point and the darkest point, the average amount of transmitted light, or The area of the area that is brighter by a certain amount or more than the average amount of reflected light, the area of the area that is darker than the average transmitted light amount or the average reflected light amount by a certain amount or more, the overall shadow area, and the ellipse shape are measured and calculated, and these measured and calculated values are calculated. A method for determining the quality of rice grains, characterized in that the quality of the sample is determined based on the analysis results by performing an analysis for each determination category that is the basis of quality determination by appropriately combining the following. (2) The arithmetic control unit digitally processes the temporal changes in the signals of the reflected light amount measuring unit and the transmitted light amount measuring unit, respectively, and discriminates multiple rice grain grades based on the digitally processed values. The rice grain quality determination method according to claim (1).