JPS61107139A - Apparatus for measuring grade of grain of rice - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply and rapidly display the number of grains such as whole grains, colored grains and unmatured grains, by picking up the image of a grain of rice conveyed in a single grain state by a TV camera and dividing the luminance of the image into a plurality of gradations to store the distribution state thereof while comparing said distribution state with the set value of a luminance distribution state to display the comparison result. CONSTITUTION:The grain of rice conveyed on a conveyor in a single grain state is irradiated with a light source from above to pick up the image of said grain by a TV camera 15. The image pick-up signal is subjected to AD conversion by an image processing part 18 and the luminance thereof is divided into 64 gradations to be stored in an image memory. The gradation data signals are applied to a mask control part 19 to remove the unnecessary part (background) thereof. The gradation data are analyzed by an operational processing part 20 to calculate the number of picture elements at every picture element and the luminance distribution thereof is compared with the luminance distribution set to a luminance distribution setting part 22 by a grade judge part 21 to judge a whole grain, a colored grain, an unmatured grain and a polished grain and the number of said grains is displayed on a display device 17.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention is a rice grain quality system that measures the brightness of the surface of rice grains, determines grain size, colored grains, immature grains, etc. based on the distribution state, and displays the number of each grain. Concerning a measuring device.

Conventional technology and its problems Conventionally, grading 1 used for quality control or inspection9 selection of rice grains, etc.1 Judging the quality of colored grains, immature grains, etc. and measuring the number of grains has been carried out using a predetermined amount of rice grains collected in a sample dish. Since the quality was determined and measured with the naked eye, the measurement process requires time and effort, and artificial judgment methods have problems such as easy errors in the mixing ratio, etc., and it is difficult to achieve high accuracy. ,
In addition, there has been a strong demand for automatic quality determination and particle number measurement.

Purpose of the Present Invention In view of the above points, the present invention measures the brightness of each pixel on the surface of the rice grain from images of the rice grain received by a TV camera, divides the degree of brightness into a plurality of gradations, and distributes the brightness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-performance rice grain quality measuring device that determines grain size 2, colored grains, immature grains, etc. based on changes in state, and calculates the determination signal to display the number of each grain.

Structure of the Invention The rice grain quality measuring device of the present invention has a light source and a TV camera arranged in relation to each other on the top of a conveyor that conveys rice grains in a single row. The brightness of each pixel is measured, the degree of brightness is divided into a plurality of gradations, the distribution state is stored, and this distribution state is compared with the setting signal from the brightness distribution state setting section to perform grading 1. Determine colored grains, immature grains, etc.,
The configuration is characterized in that it is provided with a display that calculates each setting signal and displays each particle number, etc.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS The structure of the present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 1 and 2.

In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a box-shaped rice frame, and inside the machine frame 1, a vibrating grain feeding trough 3 provided with grain feeding grooves 2 for flowing rice grains in a longitudinal manner is installed in a horizontal structure. , A vibrating inclined grain feeder tJ15 equipped with a grain feeding hopper 4 is arranged in parallel on the side of the grain feeding 81!3, and its grain discharging port 6 is connected to the inflow lower of the grain feeding 13. An inclined flow grain trough 9 provided with grain grooves 8 for allowing rice grains to flow down in a longitudinal manner is connected to the discharge side of the grain feed l1I13, and a conveyor 1 consisting of an annular belt is connected to the end of the chain.
A plurality of rice grain receiving boxes 11, 12 and 13 are integrally connected to the discharge side end 0 of the conveyor 10.

Next, a light source 14 is placed above the belt surface of the conveyor 10.
and a TV camera 15 are arranged in relation to each other, and the TV camera 15 is connected to a display 17 via a quality measurement control device 16. In the quality measurement control device 16, (
(See FIG. 7) The image processing unit 18 has a function of capturing images captured by the TV camera 15, and its AD converter has an image memory that stores images for one screen.

That is, the image processing unit 18 processes the image of 1 imaged by the TV camera 15.
An image corresponding to a screen is divided into n×m pixels and AD converted, and the degree of brightness is divided into a plurality of gradations and stored at a predetermined address in the screen memory. The mask control unit 19 has a function of removing an unnecessary part (background) of one screen imaged on the TV (one screen stored in the image memory) and distinguishing between the background and rice grains. The arithmetic processing unit 20 has a function of analyzing the luminance data of rice grains on one screen to create a histogram (see Figs. 3 to 6), and the quality judgment unit 21 has a function of analyzing the distribution state of the input histogram. and a predetermined distribution state of the brightness distribution state setting unit 22 to determine grain size, colored grains, immature grains, white-heart grains, etc., respectively, and the brightness distribution state setting unit 22 In each histogram, the luminance gradation area and the judgment standard value of the number of pixels H (for example, in the case of grading, the luminance gradation area 12 to 37 range 1, and the number of pixels 1
to 170), the distribution of sorted grains is defined as sorted grains, 1 colored grains, and immature grains.

The distribution state of each criterion value such as white grain is determined and set respectively. Quality determination section 2 of the quality measurement control device 16
The display 17 connected to the output side of 1 is composed of a digital electronic display board 23, a printer device 24, etc. as shown in the figure, 25 is a monitor TV connected to the image processing section 18, and 26 is the conveyor. A particle guiding rod provided at the discharge side end of the grains 10 is used to eject colored grains and immature grains other than sized grains according to a judgment signal from the quality judging section 21, and flow them down to each receiving box 12, 13 and collect them. , 27 is receiving box 1
A particle guide valve 28 provided between 2 and 13 is a rice grain detection sensor that detects rice grains at a predetermined position on the conveyor 10.

The operation of the above configuration will be explained below.

The sample brown rice supplied to the grain feeding hopper 4 flows down from the hopper 4 to the vibrating inclined grain feeding gutter 5, and is placed on the higher side by the vibration action of the grain feeding gutter 5, and is then vibrated from the grain discharging port 6. The grains are arranged and flowed into the groove 2 through the inflow lower of the gutter 3, and are transported laterally by the photographing operation of the grain feeder ta3, resulting in an inclined flow grain 8I! 19, the brown rice is placed on the belt surface of a conveyor 10 connected to the gutter end of the grain gutter 9, and is conveyed. During that time, when each of the brown rice reaches a predetermined R shadow position, the TV, 7) shutter (not shown) of the camera 15 is opened each time in response to a signal from the rice grain detection sensor 28, and the belt surface of the conveyor 10 is photographed. The brown rice passing through the position is photographed by the TV camera 15, and the image signal is input to the image processing section 18 of the quality measurement control device 16.

The image processing unit 18 performs AD conversion. At the same time, the luminance is divided into 64 gradations and stored at a predetermined address in the image memory. Subsequently, the image memory is inputted to the arithmetic processing section 20 after removing unnecessary portions (background) in the mask control section 19 . In the arithmetic processing unit 20, 1
Analyzing the gradation data of the rice grain brightness on the screen and calculating the number of pixels for each gradation, the histograms shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 are created and input to the quality determining section 21. Now, the distribution state of the input histogram,
As described above, the set distribution state for each rice grain quality set in the brightness distribution state setting section is compared with the gradation area of each rice grain brightness and the number of pixels H, and the grain size 1 colored grain, immature grain, Heart white grains, etc. are determined, and the determination signal is input to the display 17 and displayed on the digital electronic display board 23 shown in FIG.
Alternatively, the number of particles or the mixing ratio of each particle is calculated and displayed on the printer device 24. The grains in the rice grains, whose quality has been determined, flow down by gravity from the discharge end of the conveyor 10 and are collected in the receiving box 11, and the colored grains and immature grains are collected from the quality determination section 21. Particle guiding rod 26ip operated by branch signal
3 and the grain guide valve 27 to change the flow direction of the rice grains as appropriate, and the colored grains are transferred to the receiving box 12, and the immature grains are transferred to the receiving box 13.
will be collected respectively. Further, if necessary, the monitor TV 25 can be turned on to detect the determination state.

In addition, as a means of determining the quality of rice grains, the position of the center of gravity of the image plane of the rice grains is determined, the distance from the center of gravity to the outer circumferential surface of the rice grains is calculated over the entire circumference, and the graph is compared with the graph of standard grading. It may be used to determine deformed grains, residual bud grains, etc., to determine broken grains by calculating the total number of brightness data on the surface of rice grains, and to measure grain size of rice grains.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the brightness of each pixel on the rice grain surface is measured from images of rice grains received by a TV camera, and the degree of brightness is divided into a plurality of gradations. It is possible to automatically measure the quality of rice grains optically and separately by determining colored grains and immature grains based on changes in the distribution state, and it is also possible to automatically measure the quality of rice grains using high viscosity determination.
The present invention has the effect of easily and quickly displaying the number of particles such as colored grains and immature grains, thereby ensuring quality control, inspection and selection of rice grains based on fair criteria.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side sectional view of the rice grain quality measuring device, Figure 2 is a plan view of its main parts, Figure 3 is a histogram of the brightness and number of pixels for grading brown rice, Figure 4 is a histogram of colored grains, Fifth
The figure is a histogram diagram of immature grains, FIG. 6 is a histogram diagram of heart white grains, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the quality measurement control device. 1...Box-shaped loading frame 2...Grain feeding groove 3...
・Vibration grain feeding trough 4... Grain feeding hopper 5...
Vibrating inclined grain feeding trough 6... Grain removal lower... Inlet
8... Flow grain groove 9... Inclined flow grain 11i1
1 10... Conveyor 11.12.13...
・Rice grain receiving box 14...Light source 15...TV camera 16...Quality measurement control device 17...Display device
18... Image processing unit 19... Mask control unit 20... Arithmetic processing unit 21... Quality determination unit 2
2... Brightness distribution state setting unit 23... Digital electronic display board 24... Printer device 25... Monitor TV 26
... Particle guiding rod 27... Particle guiding valve 28.
・・Sensor for detecting rice grains

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A light source and a TV camera are placed in relation to each other above a conveyor that conveys rice grains in a single row, and the brightness of each pixel on the surface of the rice grains is measured from the image of the rice grains received by the camera. At the same time, the degree of brightness is divided into a plurality of gradations, the distribution state is stored, and this distribution state is compared with the setting signal from the brightness distribution state setting section to determine grain size, colored grain, immature grain, etc. What is claimed is: 1. A rice grain quality measuring device, comprising: a display device that determines each of the grains, calculates each set signal, and displays the number of grains, etc. (2) The rice grain quality measuring device according to claim (1), wherein the display is a digital electronic display board. (3) The rice grain quality measuring device according to claim (1), wherein the display device is a printer device. (4) The rice grain quality according to claim (1), wherein the conveyor is provided with a plurality of rice grain receiving boxes at the end of the conveyor to separate and collect each determined grain. measuring device.