JPH01113307A - Growth promoter for pleurotus ostreatus quel. and method for promoting growth - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain Pleurotus ostreatus Quel. having almost a constant shape and size, by providing a growth promoter containing a hot water extract of a protozoan of the genus Euglena as an active ingredient, adding the above- mentioned hot water extract to a culture medium for cultivating the Pleurotus ostreatus Quel. and carrying out cultivation. CONSTITUTION:Cells of the genus Euglena cultivated and recovered by various methods, as necessary, are washed with water and dried to provide dried or wet cells, which are then subjected to hot water treatment. An aqueous suspension at 1/20-1/2 weight ratio of cells/water is heated at 60-120 deg.C for 5-120 min, cooled to ambient temperature and subjected to centrifugation, filtration, etc. Thereby solid matter is removed to afford a hot water extract solution, which is then preferably diluted with water to 10-10000 times and added to a culture medium for the Pleurotus ostreatus Quel. In cultivation, the hot water extract of the genus Euglena in an amount of 1mg-1g (based on the dry weight) is added to 500g culture medium, such as rice bran. Since the resultant Pleurotus ostreatus Quel. is almost constant both in shape and in size, merchandises value is high.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a growth promoter and growth promotion method for flat mushrooms.

Conventional technology and its problems At present, flat mushrooms are grown in glass or resin containers (hereinafter referred to as polypine), filled with a medium containing rice bran or wheat bran as the main nutrient source, inoculated with inoculum, and controlled by temperature, humidity, and light. They are produced in large quantities by controlling external environmental conditions such as: However, the fruiting bodies of flat mushrooms harvested by the above-mentioned conventional method are irregular in shape and size, and when commercialized, all fruiting bodies with extremely poor growth are selected and removed. Its amount reaches 8-15% of the total. Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of commercially available flat mushrooms that can be obtained is extremely reduced.

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of extensive research in view of the problems of the prior art described above, the present inventor found that a hydrothermal extract of the protozoan Euglena has an excellent effect of promoting the growth of flat mushrooms. It has been discovered that when it is added to a conventional medium for cultivating flat mushrooms, it is possible to produce a larger quantity of fruiting bodies of flat mushrooms that have a uniform shape and size and have high commercial value than before, and have developed the present invention. completed.

That is, the present invention provides a growth promoter for flat mushrooms containing a hot water extract of Euglena cells as an active ingredient, and a method for adding a hot water extract of Euglena cells to a medium for cultivating flat mushrooms when cultivating flat mushrooms. This article relates to a characteristic method for promoting the growth of flat mushrooms.

The protozoan Euglena used in the present invention retains chloroplasts within its cells and usually lives in freshwater such as rivers and lakes.
It has an autotrophic life stage with a photosynthetic function using carbon dioxide gas as a carbon source, and a heterotrophic life stage using organic substances existing in the external environment as a carbon source. Specific examples of Euglena include Euglenaoids such as Euglena gracilis, Euglena viride, and Euglena intamizoia;
Examples include all species of the genus Euglena, including wild strains and their mutant strains that live in rivers, lakes, and marshes. In addition, there are no restrictions on the culture medium or culture format, and all media can be used, including those cultured heterotrophically in the dark, and those cultured under photosynthetic conditions under sunlight or artificial light irradiation. be. Of course, by changing the medium and culture conditions, the components within the Euglena cells change to some extent, but this does not pose any problem in achieving the purpose of the present invention.

The hot water extract of Euglena cells cultured by the above method is
For example, it can be manufactured as follows.

First, the Euglena cells cultured by the above method are recovered from the culture solution according to known microbial cell recovery methods such as centrifugation and separation. Next, the collected Euglena cells are washed with tap water, pure water, ion-exchanged water, etc. as necessary, and then dried. As the drying method, a known method can be used, such as freeze drying, hot air drying, natural air drying, etc. The dried Euglena cells thus obtained (hereinafter referred to as dried cells) are subjected to the following hot water treatment. Note that the recovered Euglena cells and the Euglena cells after washing with water (hereinafter referred to as wet cells) can also be used as raw materials for hot water treatment.

Hydrothermal treatment is carried out by heating an aqueous suspension of dry cells or wet cells, optionally under pressure. The amount of dry cells or wet cells in the water suspension is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio (cells/water) should normally be about 1/20 to 1/2. The heating temperature and time are not particularly limited, but usually the heating temperature is about 60 to 120°C and the heating time is about 5 to 120 minutes. In the present invention, water having a temperature of about 60 to 120°C is used as hot water. After cooling the hydrothermally treated aqueous suspension of dry cells or wet cells to room temperature, the solid content in the aqueous suspension is removed by a known separation method such as centrifugation or filtration. A water extract solution is obtained.

In the present invention, the hot water extract solution of Euglena obtained above may be added as it is, diluted, or concentrated to the medium of flat mushrooms (or it may be added after drying according to a known method). However, if the ratio of cells and water used during hot water extraction is the above ratio (1/20 to 1/2), the resulting hot water extract should be diluted 10 to 10,000 times with water. It is preferable to use it.

When cultivating flat mushrooms using the Euglena hot water extract of the present invention, it may be carried out according to a known method, for example, as follows.

As raw materials for the medium for cultivating flat mushrooms, any conventionally used materials can be used, such as sawdust, bran,
Examples include rice straw and rice husk.

In particular, bran such as rice bran and barley bran are more preferable to use because they contain all the nutrients needed by flat mushrooms, but they may deteriorate due to storage, so it is best to use fresh ones as much as possible. Good.

The medium for cultivating flat mushrooms can be prepared by uniformly mixing one or more of the above raw materials and a hot water extract of Euglena cells, and adding water to the mixture.

The amount of hot water extract of Euglena to be added is not particularly limited, but it is usually 1 mg or more per 500 g of flat mushroom culture in terms of dry weight.
The amount is preferably about 1 g. If it is less than 1[08, the effect of addition tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1 g, the growth of the flat mushrooms tends to decline, and moreover, the growth rate becomes high, which is not preferable.

The amount of water added is preferably about 60 to 70% by weight of the total amount of the medium. If it is less than 60% by weight, the growth of flat mushrooms will deteriorate. On the other hand, if it exceeds 70% by weight, the supply of oxygen will decrease and the proliferation of various bacteria will be encouraged. In addition, when using a solution of hot water extract of Euglena or its diluted or concentrated solution, adjust the amount of water added as appropriate so that the total water content in the medium is within the prescribed range in 1. do it. In addition, when preparing a culture medium using two or more of the above-mentioned raw materials, the mixing ratio may be selected appropriately, but for example, if sawdust and rice bran are used together, the former should be 1 to 1 in terms of weight/n ratio of the latter. It is enough to use about 3 to 4 times.

An appropriate amount of the medium for cultivating flat mushrooms obtained in this way is filled into a glass bottle or a polybottle of an appropriate capacity, the bottles are sterilized and cooled, and then a seed culture of flat mushrooms is inoculated and cultured. The sterilization method, inoculation method, and culture conditions may be the same as those of conventional methods.

Effects of the Invention The hot water extract of Euglena according to the present invention has an excellent effect of promoting the growth of flat mushrooms, and when it is added to a medium for cultivating flat mushrooms, the mushrooms have a uniform shape and size, It is possible to produce a larger amount of fruiting bodies of flat mushrooms, which have high commercial value, than before. For example, when comparing cultivation conditions under the same conditions as conventional cultivation, when the accelerator of the present invention is added, the yield of edible parts of the product increases by 5 to 15% compared to the conventional method, and there is also a loss of product. The ratio drops significantly to 1-2%.

EXAMPLES Examples will be given below to further clarify the present invention.

Example 1 500g of dried Euglena was mixed with 3Q of tap water and extracted with hot water at a heating temperature of 100°C for 30 minutes.

After cooling, the solid content was removed by centrifugation (100OOXG) to obtain an extraction stock solution. The obtained extraction stock solution and tap water were mixed into 1
: 500 and used as a growth promoter for flat mushrooms.

In 20 800 mQ polyethylene bottles, for each plastic bottle, add 20g of the flat mushroom growth promoter obtained above to a mixture of 110g of cedar sawdust, 45g of rice bran, and 45g of bran.
(8.7 mg in terms of solid content) and 300 g of water were added to the medium for cultivating flat mushrooms.

This was steam sterilized at 120°C for 30 minutes. Room temperature (2
After cooling to 0-25°C), a flat mushroom inoculum was inoculated. After culturing for 27 days at a temperature of 18-19°C and a humidity of 40-80%, drawing work for fruiting body formation was performed, and the temperature was 12°C.
8 in a germination chamber controlled at ~15°C1 humidity 80-90%
The seeds were sprouted for several days.

Furthermore, in order to enrich the fruiting body, it was cultured for 9 days at a temperature of 10 to 14° C., a humidity of 90 to 95%, and under irradiation with white light of 900 lux. 45 days after inoculation with the inoculum, the flat mushrooms that had grown at the mouth were harvested. As a result of removing those with low weight and those with poor fruit body shape and growth from the obtained flat mushrooms, the average weight value was 110.2 g. In addition, the product loss ratio to the yield was 1.2%.

Comparative Example 1 Hitake mushrooms were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no Hitake mushroom growth promoter was used. The average weight value was 96.0 g after removing those with low weight, poor fruit body shape, and poor growth from the obtained flat mushrooms. In addition, the product loss ratio to the yield was 9.2%.

Example 2 As a medium for cultivating flat mushrooms, dry matter of the hot water extract of Euglena obtained in Example 1 5[[1g, cedar sawdust 110g
, 32 g of water to a homogeneous mixture of 45 g of rice bran and 45 g of bran.
Flat mushrooms were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0g of the mushrooms were added.

As a result of removing those with low weight and those with poor fruit body shape and growth from the obtained flat mushrooms, the average weight value was 10.
It was 8.5g. In addition, the product loss ratio to the yield was 2.0%.

Comparative Example 2 Flat mushrooms were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the dried hot water extract of Euglena was not used. As a result of removing those with low weight and those with poor fruit body shape and growth from the obtained flat mushrooms, the average weight value was 97. It was Og. In addition, the product loss relative to the yield was 8.5%.

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Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A mushroom growth promoter containing a hot water extract of Euglena cells as an active ingredient. (2) A method for promoting the growth of flat mushrooms, which comprises adding a hot water extract of Euglena cells to a medium for cultivating flat mushrooms.