JP7802257B2 - 水素の生成のためのプロセス - Google Patents
水素の生成のためのプロセスInfo
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- JP7802257B2 JP7802257B2 JP2022567204A JP2022567204A JP7802257B2 JP 7802257 B2 JP7802257 B2 JP 7802257B2 JP 2022567204 A JP2022567204 A JP 2022567204A JP 2022567204 A JP2022567204 A JP 2022567204A JP 7802257 B2 JP7802257 B2 JP 7802257B2
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- gas
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Description
(i)炭化水素及び蒸気を含み、かつ少なくとも0.9:1の蒸気と炭素との比を有する、ガス状混合物を、予備改質器内の断熱予備改質、続いて自己熱改質器内の酸素富化ガスでの自己熱改質に供して、改質ガス混合物を発生させる工程と、
(ii)改質ガス混合物を水ガスシフトユニット内の1つ以上の水ガスシフト段階に供することによって、改質ガス混合物の水素含有量を増加させて、水素富化改質ガスを提供する工程と、
(iii)水素富化改質ガスを冷却し、凝縮水をそこから分離して、脱水水素富化改質ガスを提供する工程と、
(iv)脱水水素富化改質ガスを二酸化炭素分離ユニットに送って、二酸化炭素ガス流れ及び粗水素ガス流れを提供する工程と、
(v)粗水素ガス流れを二酸化炭素除去ユニットから精製ユニットに送って、精製水素ガス及び燃料ガスを提供する工程と、を含み、
燃料ガスが、プロセス内の1つ以上のプロセス流れを加熱するために使用される1つ以上の燃焼加熱器に供給される、プロセスを提供する。
本発明は、図1に描写されるフローシートに従って、以下の算出されたプロセスの実施例によって更に例示される。
本発明は、以下の変更を伴う、図1に描写されるフローシートに従って、以下の算出されたプロセスの実施例によって更に例示される。
a)改質ユニット操作の操作圧力が26bargに低減され、
b)予備改質器40に供給される天然ガス及び蒸気を含むガス状混合物中の蒸気と炭素との比が、0.95:1であり、
c)1065℃の出口温度を達成するために、自己熱改質器に酸素を添加し、
d)蒸気上昇ボイラ58内で上昇した蒸気が、冷却された改質ガス66に添加され、これによって、高温水ガスシフトへの入口における供給物が、0.72:1の蒸気と乾燥ガスとの比を有し、
e)高温水ガスシフト反応器68からの生成物ガスが冷却され、これによって、低温水ガスシフト反応器74への供給ガスが190℃の入口温度を有し、
f)2つの燃焼加熱器30及び124内の燃焼加熱器動作責務の残余を調整して、改質ユニット操作の上流及び下流の両方へのプロセス蒸気添加の分配を提供する。
Claims (27)
- 水素の生成のためのプロセスであって、
(i)炭化水素及び蒸気を含み、かつ少なくとも0.9:1の蒸気と炭素との比を有する、ガス状混合物を、予備改質器内の断熱予備改質、続いて自己熱改質器内の酸素富化ガスでの自己熱改質に供して、改質ガス混合物を発生させる工程と、
(ii)前記改質ガス混合物を水ガスシフトユニット内の1つ以上の水ガスシフト段階に供することによって、前記改質ガス混合物の水素含有量を増加させて、水素富化改質ガスを提供する工程と、
(iii)前記水素富化改質ガスを冷却し、凝縮水をそこから分離して、脱水水素富化改質ガスを提供する工程と、
(iv)前記脱水水素富化改質ガスを二酸化炭素分離ユニットに送って、二酸化炭素ガス流れ及び粗水素ガス流れを提供する工程と、
(v)前記粗水素ガス流れを前記二酸化炭素分離ユニットから精製ユニットに送って、精製水素ガス及び燃料ガスを提供する工程と、を含み、
前記燃料ガスの全てが、前記プロセス内の1つ以上のプロセス流れを加熱するために使用される1つ以上の燃焼加熱器に供給される、プロセス。 - 前記炭化水素が、メタン含有ガス流れであり、好ましくは、50%体積超のメタンを含有する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記炭化水素が、脱硫される、請求項1又は2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記蒸気と炭素との比が、0.9:1~3.5:1の範囲である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記蒸気と炭素との比が、0.9:1~2.4:1の範囲であり、前記プロセスが、前記改質ガス混合物に蒸気を添加することを含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記炭化水素及び蒸気を含む前記ガス状混合物が、前記1つ以上の燃焼加熱器によって発生した蒸気と前記炭化水素を混合することによって、及び/又は前記改質ガス混合物を水で冷却することによって、形成される、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記酸素富化ガスが、少なくとも90%体積のO2、好ましくは少なくとも95%体積のO2、より好ましくは少なくとも98%体積のO2を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記酸素富化ガスが、前記改質ガスの冷却によって発生した蒸気と熱交換して前記自己熱改質器に供給される前に加熱される、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水ガスシフト段階が、高温シフト段階及び下流低温シフト段階を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記炭化水素が、前記高温シフト段階から回収されたシフトされたガス流れと熱交換して加熱される、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 前記1つ以上の燃焼加熱器内で発生した蒸気が、前記プロセスのための電力を発生させるために使用される、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 二酸化炭素分離段階の前のプロセス凝縮物の冷却及び分離の少なくとも2つの段階が存在する、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 二酸化炭素分離段階が、物理的洗浄システム又は反応性洗浄システム、好ましくは反応性洗浄システム、特にアミン洗浄システムを使用して実行される、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 二酸化炭素分離ユニット流れのうちの1つ以上が、前記1つ以上の燃焼加熱器内で発生した蒸気と熱交換して加熱される、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記精製ユニットが、圧力スイング吸着ユニット又は温度スイング吸着ユニット、好ましくは圧力スイング吸着ユニットである、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記二酸化炭素分離ユニットから回収された前記二酸化炭素及び前記精製ユニットから回収された前記精製水素ガスが各々、電気駆動圧縮機内で圧縮される、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記粗水素又は精製水素の一部分が、前記炭化水素に供給される、請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 補助燃料が、前記1つ以上の燃焼加熱器に供給される前記燃料ガスに添加され、前記補助燃料の量が、提供される全燃料の5%体積未満、好ましくは3%体積未満、より好ましくは2%未満である、請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記精製ユニットから回収された前記燃料ガスによって少なくとも部分的に燃料供給される単一の燃焼加熱器が存在し、前記単一の燃焼加熱器が、前記炭化水素と、前記自己熱改質段階の上流の前記予備改質段階から回収された前記改質ガスと、水と、を加熱して、前記プロセスの前記蒸気の少なくとも一部を発生させるために使用される、請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記精製ユニットから回収された前記燃料ガスによって少なくとも部分的に燃料供給される2つの燃焼加熱器が存在し、前記炭化水素供給流れ、及び前記自己熱改質段階の上流の前記予備改質段階から回収された改質ガス流れを加熱する、第1の燃焼加熱器と、ボイラとして機能して前記プロセスのための蒸気を発生させる、第2の燃焼加熱器と、である、請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記燃料ガスが、それぞれ、10~90%体積~90~10%体積、好ましくは60~80%体積の範囲で前記第1の燃焼加熱器に、かつ40~20%体積の範囲で前記第2の燃焼加熱器に、前記第1の燃焼加熱器及び前記第2の燃焼加熱器に分割される、請求項20に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第2の燃焼加熱器内で発生した前記蒸気の一部分が、二酸化炭素分離ユニット内のCO2吸収液を加熱するために使用される、請求項20又は21に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第2の燃焼加熱器で発生した蒸気が、前記改質ガスによって加熱された廃熱ボイラに結合された蒸気ドラムから回収された蒸気を過熱するために使用される、請求項20~22のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記廃熱ボイラがまた、前記酸素富化ガスを予熱するために使用される蒸気を発生させるために使用される、請求項23に記載のプロセス。
- 前記廃熱ボイラからの前記蒸気の一部分が、蒸気膨張機に送られて、電力を発生させる、請求項23又は24に記載のプロセス。
- 前記蒸気と炭素との比が2.4:1未満である場合、前記廃熱ボイラからの前記蒸気の一部分が、前記改質ガスに添加される、請求項23~25のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 純粋な水素流れが、下流の電力プロセス、加熱プロセス、下流の化学合成プロセスにおいて使用されるか、又は炭化水素をアップグレードするために使用される、請求項1~26のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
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| CN113968572B (zh) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-07-25 | 中琉科技有限公司 | 一种高炉和转炉煤气混合气脱氧制氢系统及工艺 |
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| WO2024086065A1 (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-25 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for producing low carbon hydrogen |
| EP4385946A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2024-06-19 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Decarbonisation of a chemical plant |
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