JP7490550B2 - Lifting jig and disassembly method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a hanging jig and a dismantling method using the same.

One method for demolishing large buildings is the block demolition method, in which the building is cut into large components (blocks) and then lifted and removed by a crane (Patent Documents 1 to 3, etc.).

When demolishing blocks, shortening the construction period is important. For this reason, it is effective to lift and remove the building in as large a unit as possible, in the form of blocks, which reduces the number of times the crane must lift the building, and shortens the construction period.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-28068 Patent No. 5627084 JP 2019-039225 A

When lifting and removing plate-like components such as slabs, if they are too large, there is a risk that they may bend or break. To prevent this, they were previously cut into small blocks and dismantled, but this increases the amount of work required on-site and shortens the construction period.

Therefore, there was a demand for a system that could reliably lift and remove large plate-like components such as slabs while minimizing bending and bending.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a lifting jig etc. that can reliably lift and remove large plate-like members such as slabs while minimizing bending, bending, etc.

The first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a hanging jig for lifting and removing a plate-shaped member, comprising an upper member that is placed over a hole in the plate-shaped member so as to cover the hole, a lower member that is placed under a support beam on the underside of the plate-shaped member at a position corresponding to the hole, and an intermediate member that is placed on top of the support beam at a position corresponding to the hole , wherein the upper member and the lower member are connected to the intermediate member, so that the upper member and the lower member are connected via the intermediate member , and the upper member and the lower member sandwich the plate-shaped member and the support beam from above and below.
A second invention is a hanging jig for lifting and removing a plate-shaped member, comprising: an upper member that is placed over a hole in the plate-shaped member so as to block the hole; a lower member that is placed under a support beam on the underside of the plate-shaped member at a position corresponding to the hole; and an intermediate member with a U-shaped cross section that is placed so as to cover the support beam from above at a position corresponding to the hole, wherein the upper member has a plate material that is placed so as to block the hole, and the lower member has a plate material whose both ends protrude on both sides of the support beam, and the upper member and the lower member are connected by having the shank of a bolt passed through the plate material of the upper member and the shank of a bolt passed through the plate material of the lower member screwed into nuts fixed to both sides of the intermediate member, thereby connecting the upper member and the lower member, and the upper member and the lower member sandwich the plate-shaped member and the support beam from above and below.

The lifting jig of the present invention firmly integrates plate-like members such as slabs with the support beams, allowing them to be reliably lifted by a crane and removed, and the support beams prevent the plate-like members from bending or breaking when lifted. This makes it possible to dismantle plate-like members in larger sizes. Furthermore, the simple lifting jig prevents the plate-like members from shaking, and shortens the time required for slinging and lifting. As a result, the number of times the crane needs to lift and the time required for lifting can be reduced, contributing to a shorter construction period.

In addition , when the plate-shaped member to be dismantled is lowered to the ground and the support beam is removed from the plate-shaped member, the upper member of the hanging jig can be removed from the intermediate member, and then the support beam on the underside of the plate-shaped member can be easily removed horizontally together with the intermediate member and lower member of the hanging jig. This improves work efficiency in the ground yard and contributes to shortening the construction period.

A third invention is a hanging jig for lifting and removing a plate-shaped member, the hanging jig having an upper member that is placed over a hole in the plate-shaped member so as to cover the hole, and a lower member that is placed under a support beam on the underside of the plate-shaped member at a position corresponding to the hole, the upper member and the lower member being connected to each other, and a method for dismantling plate-shaped members using a hanging jig that sandwiches the plate-shaped member and the support beam from above and below between the upper member and the lower member, the dismantling method comprising the steps of: forming a hole in the plate-shaped member to be dismantled; providing a support beam on the underside of the plate-shaped member at a position corresponding to the hole; attaching the hanging jig to the plate-shaped member and the support beam; and lifting the plate-shaped member to be dismantled, which has been separated from the plate-shaped members on both sides, upwardly using the hanging jig to remove it.
The third invention is a dismantling method using a hanging jig.

The present invention provides a lifting jig that can reliably lift and remove large plate-like members such as slabs while minimizing bending and bending.

A diagram showing the disassembly method. A diagram showing the disassembly method. A diagram showing the disassembly method. A diagram showing the disassembly method. A diagram showing the disassembly method. FIG. A diagram showing the disassembly method. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a chain 7 and a hanging jig 1a.

The following describes in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

In the demolition method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the slab 100 shown in Figure 1 is demolished. The slab 100 is a plate-like member supported by a pair of beams 101 arranged in parallel. In Figure 1, (a) shows a cross section of the slab 100 in the thickness direction, and (b) shows the top surface of the slab 100. This also applies to the subsequent Figures 2 to 5.

When demolishing, holes 102 are first formed through the thickness of the slab 100 to be demolished. The holes 102 are holes for attaching the hanging jig described below, and their diameter is set to be larger than the width of the support beams described below. Multiple holes 102 are formed near the inside of a pair of beams 101, spaced apart along the axial direction of the beams 101.

After that, as shown in Figures 2(a) and (b), a temporary cover 103 is placed over the hole 102 to temporarily cure the opening. Also, shoring 200 is brought in and placed under the slab 100.

The support structure 200 has a frame-like main body 201 and truss-like arms 202 on both sides of the main body 201, which protrude laterally from the main body 201. The protruding ends of the arms 202 are located below the holes 102. As shown in FIG. 2(c), the arm 202 may be divided into a main body member 202a and a tip member 202b, and the protruding length of the arm 202 may be adjusted by changing the fixing position of the tip member 202b to the main body member 202a.

Next, as shown in Figures 3(a) and (b), temporary support beams 300 parallel to the axial direction of the beams 101 are placed on the underside of the slab 100, aligned with the positions of the holes 102 in the slab 100. Each support beam 300 is supported from below by arms 202 on both sides of the shoring 200.

Figure 3(c) is a side view of the support beam 300. As shown in Figure 3(c), the support beam 300 has a truss shape with diagonal members 303 between upper chord member 301 and lower chord member 302, and is made of wood. However, the shape and material of the support beam 300 are not limited to this.

In this embodiment, the slab 100 is supported from below by the support beams 300 and the shoring 200, and then cut by a slab cutter (not shown) as shown in FIG. 4. In the figure, C is the cutting line of the slab 100, and the slab 100 is cut diagonally between the hole 102 and the beam 101, from the beam 101 side toward the hole 102 side as it goes downward.

As a result, the slab 100 to be demolished, located inside the cutting line C, is separated from the slabs 100 on both sides, but the slab 100 to be demolished is supported in a wedge shape by the slabs 100 on both sides. When cutting the slab 100, the support beams 300 and shoring 200 support the slab 100 (to be demolished) inside the cutting line C, so that the slab 100 does not drop and the cutter does not get stuck between the slabs 100 inside and outside the cutting line C.

In addition, by using a support structure 200 having an arm 202, the support beams 300 can be positioned near both ends of the slab 100 to be demolished, widening the support point spacing of the slab 100, and reducing the length of the outer portion of the cantilevered support beams 300.

Then, remove the cover 103 and attach the hanging jig 1 to the slab 100 to be demolished and the supporting beam 300 on its underside, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 6 shows the hanging jig 1. In Figure 6, (a) shows the hanging jig 1 in a cross section in the thickness direction of the slab 100, and (b) is a perspective view of the hanging jig 1.

As shown in FIG. 6, the hanging jig 1 includes an upper member 10, an intermediate member 20, and a lower member 30, and is positioned in a plane corresponding to the hole 102.

The upper member 10 is a plate material 11 with a hanging hardware 13 (shackle) attached to an attachment portion 12 on the plate material 11. The plate material 11 is placed over the hole 102 so as to cover the hole 102, and is positioned so as not to come out of the hole 102 by a protrusion 14 provided on the underside of the plate material 11. The shape of the protrusion 14 may be a rectangular or cylindrical shape. A steel plate is used for the plate material 11, and it is sufficient that it is large enough to cover the hole 102.

The intermediate member 20 is a body 21 with a U-shaped cross section that is convex upward, to both sides of which long nuts 22 are fixed by welding or the like. The body 21 is positioned so that its concave portion covers the upper chord member 301 of the support beam 300 from above.

The lower member 30 has a plate material 31 that is placed on the underside of the lower chord member 302 of the support beam 300. The width of the plate material 31 is greater than the width of the lower chord member 302, and both ends of the plate material 31 protrude on both sides of the lower chord member 302. The plate material 31 is made of a steel plate, and it is sufficient that the plate material 31 has a strength and thickness sufficient to prevent deformation when the slab 100 to be demolished is lifted.

In the plate material 11 of the upper member 10, holes (not shown) are formed at planar positions on both sides of the support beam 300, and the shank of a headed bolt 40 is passed through each of these holes from above. The shank extends inside the hole 102, and its lower end is screwed into the upper part of the long nut 22 on both sides of the intermediate member 20.

The plate material 31 of the lower member 30 also has holes (not shown) at planar positions on both sides of the support beam 300, and the shanks of the headed bolts 50 are passed through each of these holes from below. The shanks extend on both sides of the support beam 300, and their upper ends are screwed into the lower parts of the long nuts 22 on both sides of the intermediate member 20.

This connects the upper member 10 and the lower member 30, and the slab 100 and the support beam 300 are sandwiched between the upper member 10 and the lower member 30 from above and below.

The lifting jig 1 is installed at the position of the holes 102 in the slab 100, and the pitch of the lifting jig 1 (holes 102) can be determined in advance by performing a structural analysis of the stress state when the slab 100 is lifted. The length of the shaft of the headed bolts 40, 50 is determined according to the thickness of the slab 100 and the composition of the support beam 300, and the diameter of the shaft of the headed bolts 40, 50 and the size of the lifting hardware 13 are determined according to the weight that one lifting jig 1 will bear when lifting the slab 100, etc.

In this embodiment, the intermediate member 20 and lower member 30 of the hanging jig 1 are attached to the support beam 300 in advance (e.g., before the support beam 300 is placed on the underside of the slab 100), and then the upper member 10 is connected to the intermediate member 20 with a headed bolt 40.

After the slab 100 and the support beam 300 are integrated by the lifting jig 1 in this way, the shoring 200 is removed as shown in Figure 7 (a). By integrating the slab 100 and the support beam 300 by the lifting jig 1, the support beam 300 will not fall even when the shoring 200 is removed, and the shoring 200 can be diverted to another demolished location. This allows for effective use of materials and reduces costs. Also, since the slab 100 can be left alone for the time being, other work can be brought forward and the landslide can be carried out.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7(b), a slinging operation is performed on the lifting jig 1 to lift the slab 100. Here, a wire 3 hanging from a hanging frame 2 suspended by a crane (not shown) is attached to a hanging bracket 13 (see FIG. 6) of the lifting jig 1, and the slab 100 is lifted by the crane and lowered onto a bolster 5 placed on the ground as shown in FIG. 7(c) for temporary placement. The bolster 5 is, for example, an H-shaped steel, and is placed with the flange surface on which the slab 100 is placed facing up.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7(d), the forks 61 of the forklift 6 are placed on the underside of the support beam 300 to support the support beam 300, and the headed bolts 40 (see FIG. 6) of the hanging jig 1 are removed to remove the upper member 10. Because the long nuts 22 of the intermediate member 20 are fixed to the main body 21, the headed bolts 40 can be removed without rotating together.

If the support beam 300 is located on the central side of the plane of the slab 100, it may be possible that the forks 61 cannot reach it. However, in this embodiment, by using the shoring 200 with the arms 202 described above, the support beams 300 can be positioned near the ends on both sides of the slab 100 to be demolished, making the work easier.

When the headed bolt 40 is removed, the intermediate member 20 and lower member 30 of the hanging jig 1 and the support beam 300 can be removed as a unit from the slab 100. In this embodiment, the fork 61 is lowered slightly, and the support beam 300 is pulled out horizontally outward together with the intermediate member 20 and lower member 30 of the hanging jig 1. As a result, only the slab 100 remains on the bolster 5 as shown in Figure 7 (e), so the slab 100 is crushed and removed using heavy machinery or the like.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the lifting jig 1 firmly integrates the slab 100 and the support beam 300, allowing the slab 100 to be reliably lifted by a crane and removed, and the support beam 300 prevents the slab 100 from bending or breaking during lifting. This makes it possible to dismantle the slab 100 by making it larger. Furthermore, the lifting jig 1, which has a simple configuration, can prevent the slab 100 from shaking, and the slinging time and lifting time can be shortened. As a result, the number of times the crane needs to lift and the lifting time can be reduced, contributing to a shorter construction period.

In addition, in this embodiment, due to the configuration of the hanging jig 1 described above, when the slab 100 to be demolished is lowered to the ground and the support beam 300 is removed from the slab 100, the upper member 10 of the hanging jig 1 can be removed from the intermediate member 20, and then the support beam 300 on the underside of the slab 100 can be easily removed horizontally together with the intermediate member 20 and lower member 30 of the hanging jig 1. This can improve work efficiency in the ground yard and contribute to shortening the construction period.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in this embodiment, the shoring 200 can be removed and the slab 100 to be demolished can be left as it is, as shown in FIG. 7(a). However, to prevent the slab from falling in the unlikely event of an earthquake or the like, the slab 100 to be demolished can be connected to the slabs 100 on either side of it using chains 7, which are wires for preventing falling, as shown in FIG. 8(a).

In the example of Figure 8 (a), one end of the chain 7 is attached to the hanging bracket 13 (see Figure 6) of the upper member 10 of the hanging jig 1, and the other end of the chain 7 is attached to a fixture 8 provided on the slab 100 on the side of the slab 100 to be demolished. A hole may be provided at a position corresponding to the beam 101 of the slab 100, the fixture 8 may be placed in the hole, and the fixture 8 may be fixed to the beam 101 by welding or the like. If the plane of the slab 100 to be demolished is rectangular, the connection position of the chain 7 may be the four corners or a pair of corners located at both ends of the diagonal. The length of the chain 7 may be set so that there is no slack.

The chain 7 can be attached after the slab 100 is cut. If the chain 7 is installed before the slab 100 is cut, it will interfere with the movement of the slab cutter. The chain 7 is removed from the mounting fixture 8 before the slab 100 to be demolished is lifted. At the same time, the chain 7 may also be removed from the lifting fixture 13 and removed before the slab 100 is lifted, or the chain 7 may be removed from the lifting fixture 13 and removed after the slab 100 is temporarily placed on the ground. The removed chain 7 can be reused at another demolition site.

Furthermore, the configuration and shape of the hanging jig 1 are not limited to those described in FIG. 6. For example, an opening such as a slit may be provided in the plate material 11 of the upper member 10 to make the position of the long nut 22 of the intermediate member 20 visible and to facilitate the screwing operation of the shaft portion of the headed bolt 40.

As shown in the hanging jig 1a in FIG. 8(b), the intermediate member 20 may be omitted, and the tip of the shaft of a headed bolt 50 passed from below through a hole (not shown) in the plate material 31 of the lower member 30 may be passed through a hole (not shown) in the plate material 11 of the upper member 10a, and the nut 16 may be tightened to the tip protruding from the plate material 11, thereby connecting the upper member 10a and the lower member 30. This also allows the upper member 10a and the lower member 30 to sandwich the slab 100 and the support beam 300 from above and below, achieving the same effect as the hanging jig 1.

However, when using this hanging jig 1a, when removing the support beam 300 shown in Figures 7(d)-(e), it is necessary to lower the forks 61 of the forklift 6 by an additional amount, the length L of the shaft of the headed bolt 50 that is located above the underside of the slab, which makes the removal work more time-consuming. It also becomes necessary to provide a large gap between the slab 100 and the ground.

The above describes preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modified or revised examples within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this application, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

1, 1a: Lifting jig 10, 10a: Upper member 11: Plate material 12: Mounting part 13: Lifting metal fitting 14: Protrusion 16: Nut 20: Intermediate member 21: Main body 22: Long nut 30: Lower member 31: Plate material 40, 50: Headed bolt 100: Slab 101: Beam 102: Hole 200: Shoring 300: Support beam

Claims (3)

A lifting jig for lifting and removing a plate-shaped member,
an upper member disposed over the hole in the plate-like member so as to close the hole;
a lower member disposed under a support beam on a lower surface of the plate-like member at a position corresponding to the hole;
an intermediate member disposed on the support beam at a position corresponding to the hole;
having
A hanging jig characterized in that the upper member and the lower member are connected to the intermediate member, so that the upper member and the lower member are connected via the intermediate member , and the upper member and the lower member sandwich the plate-like member and the support beam from above and below. A lifting jig for lifting and removing a plate-shaped member,
an upper member disposed over the hole in the plate-like member so as to close the hole;
a lower member disposed under a support beam on a lower surface of the plate-like member at a position corresponding to the hole;
An intermediate member having a U-shaped cross section arranged to cover the support beam from above at a position corresponding to the hole;
having
the upper member has a plate member arranged to close the hole,
The lower member has a plate member having both ends protruding on both sides of the support beam,
A hanging jig characterized in that the shank of a bolt passed through the plate material of the upper member and the shank of a bolt passed through the plate material of the lower member are screwed into nuts fixed to both sides of the intermediate member, thereby connecting the upper member and the lower member, and the upper member and the lower member sandwich the plate member and the support beam from above and below. A lifting jig for lifting and removing a plate-shaped member,
an upper member disposed over the hole in the plate-like member so as to close the hole;
a lower member disposed under a support beam on a lower surface of the plate-like member at a position corresponding to the hole;
having
A method for dismantling a plate-like member using a hanging jig in which the upper member and the lower member are connected and the upper member and the lower member sandwich the plate-like member and the support beam from above and below,
A step of forming holes in plate-like members to be disassembled;
providing a support beam on the underside of the plate-like member at a position corresponding to the hole;
attaching the hanging jig to the plate-like member and the support beam;
a step of lifting and removing the plate-like member to be dismantled, which has been separated from the plate-like members on both sides, using the lifting jig;
A dismantling method comprising the steps of:

Images