JP7483286B1 - Organic waste recycling equipment - Google Patents
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- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 53
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000589499 Thermus thermophilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】周辺環境の汚染の防止に効果がある、有機性廃棄物資源化装置を提供する。【解決手段】装置は、横型円筒形状で、好気性好熱菌により原料を発酵処理する発酵処理容器１２、原料を一時的に貯蔵する原料ホッパー２２、原料供給手段２０、および排出手段３０を備え、原料ホッパーの周囲を、原料ホッパーの外壁との間に間隔を持った状態でジャケット５０により包囲して、原料ホッパー内の原料である有機性廃棄物を加温するための加温ガスを通す加温ガス用空間５２を形成し、発酵処理容器の他端から加温ガス用空間に延び、発酵処理容器内での発酵に伴って発生した排出ガスを発酵処理容器から加温ガス用空間に加温ガスとして供給する加温ガス通路６０、および加温ガス用空間内の加温ガスを、発酵処理容器内に導入する第１加温ガス導入管路を備えていることを特徴とする。【選択図】図１[Problem] To provide an organic waste resource recovery device that is effective in preventing pollution of the surrounding environment. [Solution] The device is characterized by comprising a horizontal cylindrical fermentation vessel 12 that ferments the raw material with aerobic thermophilic bacteria, a raw material hopper 22 that temporarily stores the raw material, raw material supply means 20, and discharge means 30, the raw material hopper is surrounded by a jacket 50 with a gap between it and the outer wall of the raw material hopper to form a heated gas space 52 through which heated gas for heating the organic waste raw material in the raw material hopper passes, a heated gas passage 60 that extends from the other end of the fermentation vessel to the heated gas space and supplies exhaust gas generated during fermentation in the fermentation vessel from the fermentation vessel to the heated gas space as heated gas, and a first heated gas introduction pipe that introduces the heated gas in the heated gas space into the fermentation vessel. [Selected Figure] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、有機性廃棄物資源化装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an organic waste resource recovery device.
有機性廃棄物資源化装置としては、横型円筒形状で、好気性超好熱菌（以下、超高温菌と称することがある）により、原料である有機性廃棄物を発酵処理する発酵処理容器、この発酵処理容器の一端に設けられ、原料である有機性廃棄物を一時的に貯蔵する原料ホッパーを有し、この原料ホッパーに一時的に貯蔵された原料を前記発酵処理容器内に供給する原料供給手段、および前記発酵処理容器の他端に設けられ、発酵処理された処理済み原料を、前記発酵処理容器外に排出するための排出手段を備え、前記発酵処理容器を中心軸周りに回転させることにより、所定日数かけて原料を前記発酵処理容器内の一端側から他端側に向けて徐々に移動させつつ発酵処理を行い、有機性廃棄物の資源化、すなわち堆肥化・肥料化を行う有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置、すなわち密閉型有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置（以下、密閉型堆肥化装置という）が知られている。 A known organic waste resource recovery device is an organic waste composting/fertilizer device that is a horizontal cylindrical fermentation vessel that ferments the organic waste material using aerobic hyperthermophilic bacteria (hereinafter sometimes referred to as hyperthermophilic bacteria), a raw material hopper that is provided at one end of the fermentation vessel and temporarily stores the organic waste material, a raw material supplying means that supplies the raw material temporarily stored in the raw material hopper into the fermentation vessel, and a discharge means that is provided at the other end of the fermentation vessel and discharges the fermented raw material out of the fermentation vessel, and that rotates the fermentation vessel around its central axis to gradually move the raw material from one end to the other end of the fermentation vessel over a specified number of days while fermenting, thereby recovering the organic waste as a resource, i.e., composting/fertilizer. In other words, a sealed organic waste composting/fertilizer device (hereinafter referred to as a sealed composting device) is known.
ところで、このような密閉型堆肥化装置における原料である有機性廃棄物の一つとしては、下水汚泥が考えられるが、このような下水汚泥は、冬期にあっては氷点下になることも考えられる。 Incidentally, one of the organic waste materials that can be used as raw materials in such closed composting equipment is sewage sludge, but this type of sewage sludge can potentially reach below freezing in winter.
また、発酵処理に用いられる微生物として、本発明のように好気性超好熱菌を用いた場合、通常の温度であっても、前記菌の活動温度より低いという問題がある。 In addition, when aerobic hyperthermophiles are used as the microorganisms in the fermentation process, as in the present invention, there is a problem that even normal temperatures are lower than the activity temperature of the bacteria.
このような問題を解決するため、特開平１１－２９２６６９号では、次のような構成の「好気性発酵肥料の製造方法および製造装置」を提案している。ただし、この公報で対象とされる発酵装置は、建屋の床に仕切り壁を設けて発酵槽とした開放型であり、本発明のような密閉型堆肥化装置ではない。 To solve these problems, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-292669 proposes an "aerobic fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method and manufacturing device" with the following configuration. However, the fermentation device covered in this publication is an open type in which a partition wall is installed on the floor of a building to serve as a fermentation tank, and is not a closed type composting device like the present invention.
前記公開公報に開示された好気性発酵肥料の製造方法は、好気性超高温菌を含む菌体培養物と有機廃棄物とからなる有機物原料を発酵槽内に堆積し有機物原料に空気を送り込んで発酵を進行させる好気性発酵肥料の製造方法において、発酵の開始前から発酵の初期の段階の間で有機物原料を加熱してその温度を所定の発酵温度以上に昇温させることを特徴とするものである。 The method for producing aerobic fermentation fertilizer disclosed in the above publication is a method for producing aerobic fermentation fertilizer in which organic raw materials consisting of a bacterial culture containing aerobic hyperthermophilic bacteria and organic waste are piled up in a fermentation tank and air is pumped into the organic raw materials to advance fermentation, and is characterized in that the organic raw materials are heated before the start of fermentation and during the early stages of fermentation to raise their temperature to or above a predetermined fermentation temperature.
また、この製造方法において、発酵の開始前から発酵の初期の段階の間で有機物原料を加熱してその温度を所定の発酵温度以上に昇温させ、発酵の進行に伴って外部に放散される熱及び余剰熱を熱源とするヒートポンプにより吸入空気を加熱し、加熱した空気を有機物原料に送り込んで有機物原料の温度を所定の発酵温度以上に昇温させ、さらなる発酵の進行に伴って外部に放散される熱及び余剰熱を熱源とするヒートポンプにより吸入空気を加熱する工程を繰り返し行なうとともに、発酵の進行状況に応じて有機物原料の加熱温度を制御する方法が提案されている。 In addition, in this manufacturing method, a method is proposed in which the steps of heating the organic raw material before fermentation begins and during the early stages of fermentation to raise its temperature to a predetermined fermentation temperature or higher, heating the intake air with a heat pump that uses the heat dissipated to the outside as fermentation progresses and excess heat as its heat source, sending the heated air to the organic raw material to raise the temperature of the organic raw material to a predetermined fermentation temperature or higher, and heating the intake air with the heat pump that uses the heat dissipated to the outside as fermentation further progresses as its heat source, and controlling the heating temperature of the organic raw material according to the progress of fermentation are repeated.
前記公開公報に開示された好気性発酵肥料の製造装置は、床部に空気吹き出し口を有する発酵槽と、発酵槽内の有機物原料を周囲から加熱する原料加熱手段と、発酵の開始前に吸入空気を加熱するとともに発酵の進行に伴って外部に放散される熱及び余剰熱を吸収しこの熱を熱源として吸入空気を加熱することができる熱交換手段と、加熱された空気を発酵槽の空気吹き出し口に供給する空気送り込み手段とからなることを特徴とするものである。 The aerobic fermentation fertilizer manufacturing device disclosed in the above publication is characterized by comprising a fermentation tank having an air outlet in the floor section, a raw material heating means for heating the organic raw material in the fermentation tank from the surroundings, a heat exchange means for heating the intake air before the start of fermentation and absorbing excess heat and heat dissipated to the outside as fermentation progresses, and using this heat as a heat source to heat the intake air, and an air supply means for supplying heated air to the air outlet of the fermentation tank.
また、この製造装置において、仕切り壁によって区画され床部に空気吹き出し口を有する発酵槽と、床部もしくは壁部又は床部と壁部の両方に取り付けてある伝熱パイプからなる原料加熱手段と、発酵槽の上方に設置してある熱吸収器及び送風機に連結してある空気加熱器並びにこの両者の間に設けてあり空気加熱器と伝熱パイプにそれぞれ熱を供給するヒートポンプとからなる熱交換手段と、空気加熱器によって加熱された空気を発酵槽の空気吹き出し口に供給する送風機及びダクトからなる空気送り込み手段とで構成することを特徴とする装置が提案されている。
In addition, a proposed manufacturing apparatus is characterized in that it is composed of a fermentation tank separated by a partition wall and having an air outlet in the floor section, a raw material heating means consisting of a heat transfer pipe attached to the floor section or the wall section, or to both the floor and the wall section, a heat exchange means consisting of an air heater connected to a heat absorber and a blower installed above the fermentation tank, and a heat pump installed between the two and supplying heat to the air heater and the heat transfer pipe, respectively, and an air supply means consisting of a blower and a duct that supplies air heated by the air heater to the air outlet of the fermentation tank.
上記公報による提案では、発酵の開始前から有機物原料を加熱してその温度を所定の発酵温度以上に昇温させるには、従来の発酵槽に追加して予熱のための槽を設けなければならず、設置場所が余分に必要となることもあいまって、コストの増大につながる。 In the proposal in the above publication, in order to heat the organic raw material before the start of fermentation and raise its temperature to a predetermined fermentation temperature or higher, a preheating tank must be installed in addition to the conventional fermentation tank, which, together with the additional installation space required, leads to increased costs.
また、上記の構成を本発明のような密閉型横型有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置に用いた場合、装置の長さが長くなり、大型化してしまうという問題がある。 In addition, if the above configuration is used in a closed horizontal organic waste composting/fertilizer production device such as the present invention, there is a problem that the length of the device becomes long and large.
さらに、原料供給手段の原料ホッパー内の原料に直接温風を吹き込んで、加温する場合には、この原料ホッパー自体は密閉型でないので、原料か粉塵となって舞うとともに、また加温により、ある程度発酵が進むので、臭気を伴う排ガスが拡散することにより、近隣の環境汚染につながるおそれがあるという問題も生じてくる。 Furthermore, when hot air is blown directly onto the raw materials in the raw material hopper of the raw material supply means to heat them, the raw material hopper itself is not sealed, so the raw materials turn into dust and fly around. Also, as the heating progresses to a certain extent, fermentation progresses, and odorous exhaust gases are released, which can lead to environmental pollution in the surrounding area.
そこで、本発明は、従来装置の上記したような問題点を解消した有機性廃棄物資源化装置を提案することを目的とするものである。 The present invention aims to propose an organic waste resource recovery device that solves the problems of conventional devices as described above.
上記課題は、下記（１）～（７）の構成の有機性廃棄物資源化装置により解決される。
（１）
横型円筒形状で、好気性好熱菌により、原料である有機性廃棄物を発酵処理する発酵処理容器、この発酵処理容器の一端に設けられ、原料である有機性廃棄物を一時的に貯蔵する原料ホッパーを有し、この原料ホッパーに一時的に貯蔵された原料を前記発酵処理容器内に供給する原料供給手段、および前記発酵処理容器の他端に設けられ、発酵処理された処理済み原料を、前記発酵処理容器外に排出するための排出手段を備え、前記発酵処理容器を中心軸周りに回転させることにより、所定日数かけて原料を前記発酵処理容器内の一端側から他端側に向けて徐々に移動させつつ発酵処理を行い、有機性廃棄物の資源化を行う有機性廃棄物資源化装置において、
前記原料ホッパーの周囲を、該原料ホッパーの外壁との間に間隔を持った状態でジャケットにより包囲して、前記原料ホッパー内の原料である有機性廃棄物を加温するための加温ガスを通す加温ガス用空間を形成し、そして
前記発酵処理容器の他端から前記加温ガス用空間に延び、前記発酵処理容器内での発酵に伴って発生した排出ガスを該発酵処理容器から前記加温ガス用空間に加温ガスとして供給する加温ガス通路、および
前記加温ガス用空間内の加温ガスを、前記発酵処理容器内に導入する第１加温ガス導入管路
を備えていることを特徴とする有機性廃棄物資源化装置。
（２）
前記発酵処理容器内に外部からの空気を導入するための通気管、この通気管に空気を送り込む通気ブロワ、および前記通気管と通気ブロワを連通する連通管路を備えている前記（１）の有機性廃棄物資源化装置。
（３）
前記加温ガス用空間内の加温ガスを、前記通気ブロワに導入する第２加温ガス導入管路を設けた前記（２）の有機性廃棄物資源化装置。
（４）
前記第２加温ガス導入管路に設けられ、前記通気ブロワに送られる加温ガスを制御する開閉バルブを備えた前記（３）の有機性廃棄物資源化装置。
（５）
前記発酵処理容器に、内部の原料を撹拌するための撹拌手段を設けた前記（１）の有機性廃棄物資源化装置。
（６）
前記通気管または連通管路に設けられ、通気管または連通管路を通る外部からの空気を加温する外部空気加温手段を備えている前記（２）の有機性廃棄物資源化装置。
（７）
前記通気管を前記発酵処理容器の一端側に設けた前記（２）の有機性廃棄物資源化装置。
The above problems are solved by an organic waste resource recovery device having the following configurations (1) to (7).
(1)
An organic waste resource recovery device comprising: a horizontal cylindrical fermentation vessel for fermenting organic waste as a raw material with aerobic thermophilic bacteria; a raw material hopper provided at one end of the fermentation vessel for temporarily storing the organic waste as a raw material, raw material supply means for supplying the raw material temporarily stored in the raw material hopper into the fermentation vessel; and a discharge means provided at the other end of the fermentation vessel for discharging the fermented raw material out of the fermentation vessel, the fermentation vessel being rotated about a central axis to gradually move the raw material from one end to the other end of the fermentation vessel over a predetermined number of days while performing fermentation, thereby recovering the organic waste as a resource,
the periphery of the raw material hopper is surrounded by a jacket with a gap between it and the outer wall of the raw material hopper to form a heated gas space through which heated gas for heating the organic waste as raw material in the raw material hopper passes; a heated gas passage extending from the other end of the fermentation treatment vessel to the heated gas space for supplying exhaust gas generated as a result of fermentation in the fermentation treatment vessel from the fermentation treatment vessel to the heated gas space as heated gas; and a first heated gas inlet pipe for introducing the heated gas in the heated gas space into the fermentation treatment vessel.
(2)
The organic waste resource recovery apparatus according to (1) is provided with an aeration pipe for introducing air from the outside into the fermentation treatment vessel, an aeration blower for sending air into the aeration pipe, and a communication pipe for connecting the aeration pipe and the aeration blower.
(3)
The organic waste resource recovery apparatus according to (2) above, further comprising a second heated gas introduction pipe for introducing the heated gas in the heated gas space into the ventilation blower .
(4)
The organic waste resource recovery apparatus according to claim (3), further comprising an on-off valve provided in the second heated gas introduction pipeline for controlling the heated gas sent to the ventilation blower .
(5)
The organic waste resource recovery apparatus according to (1) above, wherein the fermentation treatment vessel is provided with a stirring means for stirring the raw materials therein.
(6)
The organic waste resource recovery apparatus according to (2) above, further comprising an external air heating means provided in the vent pipe or the communicating pipe for heating air from the outside passing through the vent pipe or the communicating pipe.
(7)
The organic waste resource recovery apparatus according to (2), wherein the aeration pipe is provided on one end side of the fermentation treatment vessel.
本発明の有機性廃棄物資源化装置においては、原料供給手段の原料ホッパー外側にジャケットを配し、加温ガス用空間を形成して、この加温ガス用空間内に加温用ガスを導入して原料を加温することとしたので、原料である有機性廃棄物の昇温および低含水量化を図れると共に、原料に直接加温ガスを吹き込まないので、原料の舞い上がりや臭気の拡散による周辺環境の汚染の防止に効果があるものである。
したがって、本発明の有機性廃棄物資源化装置は、肥料の製造を農地内で行うような都市型農業に用いて特に効果を発するものである。
In the organic waste resource recovery system of the present invention, a jacket is placed on the outside of the raw material hopper of the raw material supply means to form a space for heated gas, and heating gas is introduced into this space to heat the raw material. This makes it possible to raise the temperature and reduce the moisture content of the organic waste raw material, and since heating gas is not blown directly into the raw material, it is effective in preventing pollution of the surrounding environment due to the raw material flying around or the diffusion of odors.
Therefore, the organic waste resource recovery apparatus of the present invention is particularly effective when used in urban agriculture where fertilizer is produced on farmland.
以下、添付図面を参照しつつ、本発明の実施の形態による有機性廃棄物資源化装置１０（以下、有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置と称することもある）を説明する。 The following describes an organic waste resource recovery device 10 (hereinafter also referred to as an organic waste composting/fertilizer recovery device) according to an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the attached drawings.
有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置１０は、横型円筒形状で、好気性好熱菌により、原料である有機性廃棄物を発酵処理する発酵処理容器１２、この発酵処理容器の一端１２ａに設けられた原料供給手段２０、および前記発酵処理容器１２の他端１２ｂに設けられ、発酵処理された処理済み原料ｍを、前記発酵処理容器外に排出するための排出手段３０を備えている。 The organic waste composting and fertilizer device 10 is a horizontal cylindrical device that includes a fermentation vessel 12 in which the organic waste material is fermented by aerobic thermophilic bacteria, a raw material supply means 20 provided at one end 12a of the fermentation vessel, and a discharge means 30 provided at the other end 12b of the fermentation vessel 12 for discharging the fermented raw material m out of the fermentation vessel.
前記原料供給手段２０は、原料ｍである有機性廃棄物を一時的に貯蔵する原料ホッパー２２を有し、この原料ホッパー２２には、その内部に一時的に貯蔵された原料を前記発酵処理容器内に供給するためのコンベア２４が設けられている。
前記原料ホッパー２２には、垂直に該原料ホッパー内に延びる回転軸２６ａと、この回転軸２６ａに取り付けられ水平に延びる撹拌羽根等の撹拌部材２６ｂが設けられた回転型の撹拌手段２６が設けられており、原料の舞い上がりや臭気の拡散が起こらない程度の周速（例えば、０．１～０．５ｍ／ｓ程度）で回転して、原料の撹拌を行うようになっている。この原料の撹拌により、原料に温度分布および含水率の分布の均一化が図れる。
The raw material supply means 20 has a raw material hopper 22 for temporarily storing organic waste as raw material m, and this raw material hopper 22 is provided with a conveyor 24 for supplying the raw material temporarily stored therein into the fermentation treatment vessel.
The raw material hopper 22 is provided with a rotary stirring means 26 having a rotating shaft 26a extending vertically into the raw material hopper and a stirring member 26b such as a stirring blade attached to the rotating shaft 26a and extending horizontally, which rotates at a peripheral speed (for example, about 0.1 to 0.5 m/s) that does not cause the raw material to fly up or the odor to diffuse, thereby stirring the raw material. This stirring of the raw material makes the temperature distribution and moisture content distribution of the raw material uniform.
前記発酵処理容器１２は、固定の一対の端板１４および１６と、これらの間に中心軸の周りに回転可能に取り付けられた円筒形の発酵処理ドラム１８を有している。この発酵処理ドラム１８の内壁には、推進羽根１９が設けられている。この発酵処理ドラム１８は、回転駆動装置４０によって回転駆動され、その一端１２ａに投入された原料を推進羽根１９により、所定日数（例えば、２１日程度）かけて他端１２ｂ側に向けて徐々に移動させつつ発酵処理を行い、有機性廃棄物の資源化、すなわち堆肥化・肥料化を行うものである。なお、この発酵は、好気性好熱菌によって行われる。好熱菌とは、株式会社東京化学同人発行の「生化学辞典（第４版）によれば、通常５５℃以上で生育できる菌を指し、７５℃以上でも生育できる好熱菌を高度好熱菌、９０℃以上で生育できる菌を超好熱菌というとしている。本発明においては、高度好熱菌以上の菌（微生物）を用いることが望ましい。この好気性高度好熱菌としては、例えば、サーマス・サーモフィルス（Thermus thermophilus）等を用いることができる。このような、好気性高度好熱菌を用いて有機性廃棄物の発酵を行うことにより、例えば、資源化が堆肥化・肥料化である場合、植物の育成に害となる原料中の植物種子や病原菌等を分解死滅させることができる。 The fermentation vessel 12 has a pair of fixed end plates 14 and 16 and a cylindrical fermentation drum 18 rotatably mounted between them around a central axis. The inner wall of the fermentation drum 18 is provided with a propulsion blade 19. The fermentation drum 18 is rotated by a rotary drive device 40, and the raw materials fed into one end 12a are gradually moved toward the other end 12b over a predetermined number of days (e.g., about 21 days) by the propulsion blade 19 while undergoing fermentation, thereby turning the organic waste into a resource, i.e., into compost or fertilizer. The fermentation is carried out by aerobic thermophiles. According to the Biochemical Dictionary (4th edition) published by Tokyo Kagaku Dojin Co., Ltd., thermophiles generally refer to bacteria that can grow at 55°C or higher, with thermophiles that can grow at 75°C or higher being called extreme thermophiles, and bacteria that can grow at 90°C or higher being called hyperthermophiles. In the present invention, it is desirable to use bacteria (microorganisms) that are extreme thermophiles or higher. As an aerobic extreme thermophile, for example, Thermus thermophilus can be used. By fermenting organic waste using such aerobic extreme thermophiles, for example, when the resource is converted into compost or fertilizer, plant seeds and pathogenic bacteria in the raw materials that are harmful to plant growth can be decomposed and killed.
前記原料ホッパー２２の周囲には、該原料ホッパーの外壁との間に間隔を持った状態で、該原料ホッパーを包囲するようにジャケット５０が配置されており、該原料ホッパー内の原料である有機性廃棄物を加温するための加温ガスを通す加温ガス用空間５２が形成されている。 A jacket 50 is arranged around the raw material hopper 22 so as to surround the raw material hopper with a gap between it and the outer wall of the raw material hopper, forming a heating gas space 52 through which heating gas passes to heat the organic waste, which is the raw material in the raw material hopper.
前記発酵処理容器１２の他端１２ｂから前記加温ガス用空間５２に延びるように、前記発酵処理容器内での発酵に伴って発生した排出ガスを該発酵処理容器から前記加温空気用空間に加温ガスとして供給する加温ガス通路６０が設けられている。この加温ガス通路６０の前記発酵処理容器１２の他端１２ｂ側には、発酵処理容器１２内に発酵に伴って発生する排出ガスを装置外に排出するための排気ファン６２が設けられている。 A heated gas passage 60 is provided extending from the other end 12b of the fermentation treatment vessel 12 to the heated gas space 52, for supplying exhaust gas generated as a result of fermentation in the fermentation treatment vessel from the fermentation treatment vessel to the heated air space as heated gas. An exhaust fan 62 is provided on the heated gas passage 60 on the other end 12b side of the fermentation treatment vessel 12 to exhaust exhaust gas generated as a result of fermentation in the fermentation treatment vessel 12 to the outside of the device.
前記加温ガス通路６０には、内部を通る排出ガスを加温するための加温手段７０が設けられている。上記したように、本発明の有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置においては、有機性廃棄物の発酵に超好熱菌を用いるので、原料である有機性廃棄物を発酵のために適温に予熱するためと、有機性廃棄物の含水率を適正値にする目的で、加温ガスを加温するために、この加温手段７０が設けられている。 The heated gas passage 60 is provided with a heating means 70 for heating the exhaust gas passing through it. As described above, in the organic waste composting and fertilizer production device of the present invention, since hyperthermophilic bacteria are used to ferment the organic waste, the heating means 70 is provided to preheat the organic waste, which is the raw material, to an appropriate temperature for fermentation, and to heat the heated gas in order to adjust the moisture content of the organic waste to an appropriate value.
この加温手段７０の作動を制御するため、加温手段制御手段７２が設けられている。また、この加温手段制御手段７２により前記加温手段７０を目的に沿って制御するため、前記加温ガス通路６０には、排出ガス温度監視手段７４が設けられて、その中を流れる加温ガスの温度を検出・監視している。また、前記原料ホッパー２２内には、原料温度監視手段７６が設けられて、該原料ホッパー内の原料の温度を検出・監視している。更には、前記発酵処理容器１２の前記他端１２ｂの内部または前記排出手段３０には、発酵原料含水率監視手段７８が設けられて、その部分に存在する発酵原料の含水率を検出・監視している。
前記排出ガス温度監視手段７４は、排出ガス（加温ガス）の温度が所定温度（例えば、４０℃）を下回るとき、それを知らせる信号を前記加温手段制御手段７２に送って、前記加温手段７０を作動するようになっている。前記原料温度監視手段７６は、原料の温度が所定温度（例えば、３５℃～４０℃、特に３５℃）を下回るとき、それを知らせる信号を前記加温手段制御手段７２に送って、前記加温手段７０を作動するようになっている。前記発酵原料含水率監視手段７８は、発酵原料の含水率が所定値（例えば３０％～４０％、特に３５％）を超えているとき、それを知らせる信号を前記加温手段制御手段７２に送って、前記加温手段７０を作動するようになっている。
A heating means control means 72 is provided to control the operation of the heating means 70. In order to control the heating means 70 according to a purpose using the heating means control means 72, an exhaust gas temperature monitoring means 74 is provided in the heating gas passage 60 to detect and monitor the temperature of the heating gas flowing therethrough. A raw material temperature monitoring means 76 is provided in the raw material hopper 22 to detect and monitor the temperature of the raw material in the raw material hopper. Furthermore, a fermentation raw material moisture content monitoring means 78 is provided inside the other end 12b of the fermentation treatment vessel 12 or in the discharge means 30 to detect and monitor the moisture content of the fermentation raw material present in that area.
The exhaust gas temperature monitoring means 74 is adapted to send a signal notifying the heating means control means 72 when the temperature of the exhaust gas (heating gas) falls below a predetermined temperature (e.g., 40°C) to operate the heating means 70. The raw material temperature monitoring means 76 is adapted to send a signal notifying the heating means control means 72 when the temperature of the raw material falls below a predetermined temperature (e.g., 35°C to 40°C, particularly 35°C) to operate the heating means 70. The fermentation raw material moisture content monitoring means 78 is adapted to send a signal notifying the heating means control means 72 when the moisture content of the fermentation raw material exceeds a predetermined value (e.g., 30% to 40%, particularly 35%) to operate the heating means 70.
有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置１０には、前記好気性好熱菌による有機性廃棄物である原料の発酵が良好に進行するように、該発酵処理容器１２内の原料を加温する通気手段９０が設けられている。 The organic waste composting/fertilizer production device 10 is provided with an aeration means 90 for heating the raw material in the fermentation treatment vessel 12 so that the fermentation of the raw material, which is organic waste, by the aerobic thermophilic bacteria proceeds smoothly.
この通気手段９０は、少なくとも前記発酵処理容器１２の一端１２ａに（好ましくは、他端１２ｂにも）設けられた通気管９２、９４を備えている。これらの通気管９２、９４の先端は、発酵処理容器１２の下部空間内に延びている。これらの通気管９２、９４には、連通管路９６によって通気ブロワ９８が連通されており、この通気プロア９８からの外気が供給されて、発酵処理容器１２内の原料に空気（酸素）を送り込み、発酵に寄与する好気性菌を活性化する。前記通気管９２、９４には、発酵処理容器１２内に供給される外気を加温して、発酵の一助となるようにする外気加温手段９２ａ、９４ｂが設けられている。 The ventilation means 90 includes ventilation pipes 92, 94 provided at least at one end 12a of the fermentation vessel 12 (preferably also at the other end 12b). The tips of the ventilation pipes 92, 94 extend into the lower space of the fermentation vessel 12. A ventilation blower 98 is connected to the ventilation pipes 92, 94 via a communication pipe 96, and outside air is supplied from the ventilation blower 98 to send air (oxygen) to the raw material in the fermentation vessel 12, activating the aerobic bacteria that contribute to fermentation. The ventilation pipes 92, 94 are provided with outside air heating means 92a, 94b for heating the outside air supplied into the fermentation vessel 12 to aid in fermentation.
前記加温ガス用空間５２には、該加温ガス用空間５２から排出される加温ガスを前記発酵処理容器１２の上部空間に導入するための第１加温ガス導入管路１００が接続されていることが好ましい。この第１加温ガス導入管路１００により、加温ガスを前記発酵処理容器１２の上部空間に導入する。 It is preferable that a first heated gas introduction pipe 100 is connected to the heated gas space 52 for introducing the heated gas discharged from the heated gas space 52 into the upper space of the fermentation treatment vessel 12. The heated gas is introduced into the upper space of the fermentation treatment vessel 12 through this first heated gas introduction pipe 100.
前記加温ガス用空間５２内の加温ガスは、第２加温ガス導入管路１０２を設けて、前記通気ブロワ９８に導入するようにしてもよい。これは、低温である外気の導入を少なくし、効果的な熱循環を行うためである。すなわち、廃蒸気の吸出、顕熱にかかるコストの削減が見込まれる。 The heated gas in the heated gas space 52 may be introduced into the ventilation blower 98 through a second heated gas introduction pipe 102. This is to reduce the introduction of low-temperature outside air and to perform effective heat circulation. In other words, it is expected that the costs for suction of waste steam and sensible heat will be reduced.
上記した加温ガス通路６０には、切り替えバルブ６０ａを設けて、加温ガスを外部に放出してもよい。この加温ガスの臭気を、取り除くため、図示したように薬液洗浄器１０４を設けることが好ましい。また、連通管路９６、第１加温ガス導入管路１００および第２加温ガス導入管路１０２には、それぞれその中を流れるガスの流量を制御するための開閉バルブ９６ａ、１００ａ、１０２ａを設けてもよい。 The heated gas passage 60 may be provided with a switching valve 60a to release the heated gas to the outside. In order to remove the odor of this heated gas, it is preferable to provide a chemical cleaner 104 as shown in the figure. In addition, the communication line 96, the first heated gas introduction line 100, and the second heated gas introduction line 102 may be provided with opening and closing valves 96a, 100a, and 102a to control the flow rate of the gas flowing therethrough, respectively.
本発明の有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置１０においては、上記の構成により、原料ホッパーにおける原料を３０℃～４０℃以上に加温し（これに伴い含水率を下げ）、これを発酵処理容器内に導入しているので、原料ホッパーへの投入時から速やかに発酵が開始され、発酵処理容器から排出される時には、良好に発酵した堆肥・肥料状態となっている。 In the organic waste composting/fertilizer production device 10 of the present invention, the raw materials in the raw material hopper are heated to 30°C to 40°C or higher (thereby reducing the moisture content) and introduced into the fermentation treatment vessel, so fermentation begins immediately after being put into the raw material hopper, and by the time it is discharged from the fermentation treatment vessel, it has become a well-fermented compost/fertilizer.
１０ 有機性廃棄物堆肥化・肥料化装置
１２ 発酵処理容器
２０ 原料供給手段
２２ 原料ホッパー
２４ コンベア
２６ 攪拌部材
３０ 排出手段
４０ 回転駆動装置
５０ ジャケット
５２ 加温ガス用空間
６０ 加温ガス通路
７０ 加温手段
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 Organic waste composting/fertilizer production device 12 Fermentation treatment vessel 20 Raw material supply means 22 Raw material hopper 24 Conveyor 26 Stirring member 30 Discharge means 40 Rotation drive device 50 Jacket 52 Heated gas space 60 Heated gas passage 70 Heating means
Claims (7)
前記発酵処理容器の他端から前記加温ガス用空間に延び、前記発酵処理容器内での発酵に伴って発生した排出ガスを該発酵処理容器から前記加温ガス用空間に加温ガスとして供給する加温ガス通路、および
前記加温ガス用空間内の加温ガスを、前記発酵処理容器内に導入する第１加温ガス導入管路を備えていることを特徴とする有機性廃棄物資源化装置。 an organic waste recycling apparatus comprising a horizontal cylindrical fermentation vessel for fermenting organic waste as a raw material with aerobic thermophilic bacteria, a raw material hopper provided at one end of the fermentation vessel for temporarily storing the organic waste as a raw material, raw material supply means for supplying the raw material temporarily stored in the raw material hopper into the fermentation vessel, and discharge means provided at the other end of the fermentation vessel for discharging the fermented raw material out of the fermentation vessel, the fermentation vessel being rotated about its central axis to gradually move the raw material from one end to the other end of the fermentation vessel over a predetermined number of days while carrying out fermentation, the apparatus comprising: a jacket surrounding the raw material hopper with a gap between the jacket and the outer wall of the raw material hopper to form a heating gas space through which heating gas for heating the organic waste as a raw material in the raw material hopper passes; a heated gas passage extending from the other end of the fermentation treatment vessel to the heated gas space and supplying exhaust gas generated by fermentation in the fermentation treatment vessel from the fermentation treatment vessel to the heated gas space as heated gas; and a first heated gas inlet pipe for introducing the heated gas in the heated gas space into the fermentation treatment vessel.
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| JP2000093999A (en) | 1998-09-18 | 2000-04-04 | Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd | Apparatus for volume reduction of sludge |
| JP2003010822A (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2003-01-14 | Gaia Co Ltd | Garbage disposal system |
| JP2010094612A (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-30 | Enzyme Kk | Oil decomposition treatment vessel |
| JP2018171604A (en) | 2017-04-02 | 2018-11-08 | 凱茵環境科技（大連）有限公司 | Soil deodorization organic waste treatment equipment with rotary axis |
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| JPH05105567A (en) * | 1991-10-22 | 1993-04-27 | Akira Ito | Apparatus for treating organic waste |
| JPH0810742A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-16 | Ito Seikan Kogyo Kk | Fermentation treatment of organic waste and device therefor |
| JPH0873290A (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1996-03-19 | Kishi Eng Kk | Fermentation drying treatment device and treatment of organic waste |
| JP7345947B1 (en) | 2023-03-31 | 2023-09-19 | 株式会社京玉エンジニアリング | Organic waste recycling equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000093999A (en) | 1998-09-18 | 2000-04-04 | Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd | Apparatus for volume reduction of sludge |
| JP2003010822A (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2003-01-14 | Gaia Co Ltd | Garbage disposal system |
| JP2010094612A (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-30 | Enzyme Kk | Oil decomposition treatment vessel |
| JP2018171604A (en) | 2017-04-02 | 2018-11-08 | 凱茵環境科技（大連）有限公司 | Soil deodorization organic waste treatment equipment with rotary axis |
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