CN112592219A

CN112592219A - Aerobic composting system

Info

Publication number: CN112592219A
Application number: CN202011584992.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘石明; 高彪; 王雨; 贾永胜; 王秀萍; 肖波; 胡智泉; 王训; 黄蕾
Original assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-12-28
Filing date: 2020-12-28
Publication date: 2021-04-02

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of aerobic composting, and provides an aerobic composting system, which comprises: the first composting reaction container is used for carrying out high-temperature aerobic composting treatment on the materials; when the retention time of the materials in the first composting reaction container reaches a preset time, transferring the materials to a second composting reaction container; the second composting reaction container is used for carrying out thoroughly decomposed and dried treatment on the materials after the retention time in the first composting reaction container reaches a preset time; and the waste heat utilization device is used for obtaining heat energy released in the aerobic composting process of the materials in the first composting reaction container. According to the invention, the temperature rise stage, the high temperature stage, the temperature reduction stage and the decomposition and drying stage of the biochemical reaction are decomposed into two processes which are respectively carried out in the two closed reaction containers, so that the heat energy generated in the temperature rise stage and the high temperature stage can be effectively utilized through the waste heat utilization device, and the organic solid waste can be continuously and stably treated, and the composting reaction can be continuously carried out.

Description

Aerobic composting system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerobic composting, and particularly relates to an aerobic composting system.

Background

With the deep understanding of people on environmental problems and the higher-level appeal of sustainable development, the recycling of the solid organic waste resources in villages and towns continuously receives wide attention. The modern aerobic composting process generally has the characteristics of high temperature of a compost body, more thorough decomposition of a matrix, short composting period and small peculiar smell of composting tail gas, and is an effective way for solving the problems of organic domestic garbage in villages and small towns and feces in toilets in rural areas and realizing the resource utilization of the organic domestic garbage and feces in the rural areas. By reasonably proportioning and controlling the process of multi-source organic garbage in villages and towns, the organic fertilizer with high quality can be produced, the dependence of agriculture on chemical fertilizers is reduced, the soil is improved to a certain extent, the fertility is cultivated, the sustainable development of cultivated land is realized, the living environment of the villages and the towns can be improved, and the vogue strategy of China is realized in a boosting manner.

Generally, the aerobic composting can realize the reduction, resource and harmless treatment and utilization of organic solid waste resources. Aerobic composting is an extremely complex physical and chemical change process accompanied by the change processes of growth, metabolism, reproduction, death, population replacement and the like of microorganisms, and can be roughly divided into four stages: a heating stage, a high-temperature stage, a cooling stage and a decomposing and drying stage. The temperature rising stage is also called as a heating stage, and means that in the initial stage of fertilizer preparation, microorganisms such as spore-free bacteria and the like in compost quickly decompose soluble organic substances (such as simple sugars, starch, protein and the like) under the oxygen-enriched condition to generate a large amount of heat, the temperature of the compost rises from about 20 ℃ to 45 ℃, and then the high-temperature stage is carried out. At this time, the residual and newly formed soluble organic substances and complex organic substances (such as cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin substances and the like) in the compost are decomposed and quickly decomposed and converted by thermophilic microorganisms, the composting temperature is increased to 60-70 ℃, even can be as high as 80 ℃, and the environment and heat required by pathogen killing are achieved. After the high-temperature stage lasts for a period of time, lignin, newly formed humus and other complex components are difficult to decompose, the activity of microorganisms is weakened, the temperature is gradually reduced, when the temperature of a compost body is reduced to be slightly higher than the air temperature, the compost is compacted to cause an anaerobic state, the mineralization of organic matters is weakened, the compost is decomposed and dried, and the fertility is maintained.

At present, common composting processes can be divided into open composting processes and closed composting processes. The open composting mainly comprises static composting and strip hiding composting, and the like, and has the advantages of simple and easy process, low investment cost, convenient operation and maintenance, poor composting quality, long fermentation period, difficult control of composting odor and percolate, and no use at present. The closed process comprises trough type composting, which is generally covered by a closed greenhouse, facilitates the maintenance of the temperature of a compost body and the collection and treatment of composting tail gas, and also reduces the dependence of the composting process on the climate conditions to a certain extent. But the occupied area is large, the composting time is long, and the continuous feeding can not be realized under the general condition.

The applicant of the present invention finds that, in implementing the above technical solution, the above technical solution has at least the following disadvantages:

the open composting and the trough composting are mostly produced intermittently, and continuous and stable organic solid wastes cannot be produced; the heat generated in the temperature rise stage and the high temperature stage cannot be utilized.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide an aerobic composting system, which is intended to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by an aerobic composting system, which comprises:

a first composting reactor; aerobic bacteria are arranged in the first compost reaction container and are used for carrying out aerobic composting treatment on the materials; when the retention time of the materials in the first composting reaction container reaches a preset time, transferring the materials to a second composting reaction container;

the second composting reaction container is used for carrying out thoroughly decomposed and dried treatment on the materials after the retention time in the first composting reaction container reaches a preset time;

a waste heat utilization device; and the heat exchange mechanism is internally provided with a heat transfer medium for acquiring heat energy released in the aerobic composting process of the material in the first composting reaction container.

Preferably, the waste heat utilization device includes:

the heat exchanger is used for acquiring heat energy generated in the aerobic composting process of the materials in the first composting reaction container;

a first circulation vessel; the inlet end of the first circulating container is communicated with the heat exchanger, and the outlet end of the first circulating container is communicated with an external heat energy consumption device; supplying a heat transfer medium of a first temperature value generated in the heat exchanger to the first circulation vessel;

a second circulation vessel; the outlet end of the second circulation container is communicated with the heat exchanger, and the inlet end of the second circulation container is communicated with an external heat energy consumption device; supplying a heat transfer medium of a second temperature value in an external thermal energy consumption device to the second circulation container; the first temperature value is greater than the second temperature value.

Preferably, the heat exchange mode of the heat exchanger is dividing wall type heat exchange; the heat exchanger comprises an in-cylinder heat exchanger and an out-cylinder heat exchanger; the heat exchanger in the cylinder is a heat exchange coil or a central main pipe heat exchanger with a circulating branch pipe; the central main pipe heat exchanger with the circulating branch pipe comprises a central main pipe and the circulating branch pipe; the central main pipe is of a hollow round pipe structure, and the circulating branch pipe is of a hollow plate structure; the length of the circulating branch pipe is 1/4-1/3 of the inner diameter of the sealed reaction bin.

Preferably, the heat exchanger does not rotate with the first compost reaction vessel.

Preferably, the second circulation container is provided with a medium replenishing port.

Preferably, the first circulation container and the second circulation container are of a sealed structure, and the first circulation container and the second circulation container are welded by using steel materials or cast by using concrete.

Preferably, the first circulation container and the second circulation container are communicated with the heat exchanger through medium pipelines; and the outer surfaces of the first circulation container, the second circulation container and the medium pipeline are provided with a first heat preservation layer.

Preferably, the first heat-insulating layer is made of a light heat-insulating material with the thickness of 30-100mm and the heat conductivity coefficient of less than 0.04 kJ/(m.h.DEG C).

Preferably, the first compost reaction container is obliquely arranged relative to a horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is 0.1-1 degrees.

Preferably, the first compost reaction container is provided with:

the spraying mechanism is used for spraying moisture into the first compost reaction container;

the ventilation mechanism is used for ventilating the first compost reaction container;

the aerobic microbial inoculum spraying mechanism is used for supplying aerobic bacteria to the first compost reaction container;

and one or more of at least the following detection devices, the detection devices comprising:

the oxygen content detection device is used for detecting the oxygen content in the first compost reaction container;

the humidity detection device is used for detecting the humidity in the first compost reaction container;

the temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature in the first compost reaction container;

a control device; the detection result of the detection device is fed back to the control device; and the control device controls the operation of the spraying mechanism, the ventilation mechanism and the aerobic microbial inoculum injection mechanism according to the feedback result.

Preferably, the first fertilizer stacking reaction container adopts a sealed reaction bin in a rotary kiln structure form, the sealed reaction bin comprises a kiln body, a kiln head and a kiln tail, and the kiln body is driven by a driving assembly to rotate on the frame.

Preferably, the driving assembly includes:

the rotary kiln wheel belt is arranged on the kiln body;

the first gear is in transmission connection with the rotary kiln wheel belt;

a second gear engaged with the first gear;

and the speed regulating motor is used for driving the second gear to rotate.

Preferably, the kiln head is provided with a spraying liquid inlet which is communicated with a liquid spraying pipe; the spraying mechanism and the aerobic bacteria agent spraying mechanism spray water into the kiln body and supply aerobic bacteria through the liquid spraying pipe.

Preferably, the liquid injection pipe is arranged on the upper center of the kiln body, and 3 or more than 3 injection ports are uniformly distributed on the circumferential direction of the liquid injection pipe.

Preferably, a discharge hole and a forced ventilation inlet are formed in the kiln tail; the discharge hole is connected with the second compost reaction container through a second material conveying device; and a ventilation pipe is arranged in the kiln body and is communicated with the ventilation mechanism through a forced ventilation inlet.

Preferably, the ventilation pipe is arranged on the upper center of the kiln body, and 3 or more than 3 jet orifices are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the ventilation pipe.

Preferably, the outer surface of the first compost reaction container is provided with a second heat preservation layer.

Preferably, the inner layer of the second heat-insulating layer is formed by rolling a thin steel plate, and the inner diameter of the second heat-insulating layer is 5-10mm larger than the outer diameter of the kiln body.

Preferably, the second heat preservation adopts the structure that opens and shuts, and the latter half of second heat preservation is fixed in the frame, and the upper half of second heat preservation can 180 degrees arbitrary opens and shuts.

Preferably, the second heat-insulating layer does not rotate along with the kiln body.

Preferably, the second insulating layer is made of a light insulating material with the thickness of 50-200mm and the thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 0.04 kJ/(m.h.DEG C).

Preferably, the first compost reaction container is communicated with a tail gas purification system.

Preferably, the aerobic composting system further comprises:

a dispensing container;

the material conveying device is used for conveying the materials in the batching container to the first compost reaction container;

and the pushing device is used for pushing the materials conveyed by the material conveying device into the first composting reaction container.

Preferably, the second composting reaction container can adopt a common aerobic composting mode, and preferably adopts sealable composting devices such as a groove type composting device and a bin type composting device, so that the concentrated treatment of composting odor is facilitated.

The embodiment of the invention provides an aerobic composting system, which comprises: a second composting reaction vessel; a first composting reactor; aerobic bacteria are arranged in the first compost reaction container and are used for carrying out aerobic composting treatment on the materials; when the temperature of the materials in the aerobic composting process is reduced to a preset value, transferring the materials to a second composting reaction container; a waste heat utilization device; and the heat exchange mechanism is internally provided with a heat transfer medium for acquiring heat energy released in the aerobic composting process of the material in the first composting reaction container.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a two-stage aerobic composting process by improving the traditional aerobic composting technology, namely, a temperature rising stage, a high temperature stage, a temperature lowering stage and a decomposition drying stage with violent biochemical reaction are technically decomposed into two processes which are respectively carried out in two closed reaction containers, so that the heat energy generated in the temperature rising stage and the high temperature stage can be effectively utilized by a waste heat utilization device, and the organic solid waste can be continuously and stably treated, and the composting process is continuously carried out.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aerobic composting system provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second circulation vessel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a heat exchanger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view of a heat exchanger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a secondary insulation layer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a side view of a secondary insulation layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawings: 100. a dispensing container; 105. a raw material yard; 110. a first composting reactor; 120. a second composting reaction vessel; 130. a second circulation vessel; 140. a first circulation vessel; 160. an aerobic microbial inoculum injection mechanism; 180. a ventilation mechanism; 200. a heat exchanger; 210. a kiln tail; 230. a rotary kiln tyre; 235. a first gear; 240. a kiln head; 245. a gas outlet; 250. a feed inlet; 252. a material pushing device; 255. a heat exchanger media outlet; 260. a speed-regulating motor; 265. a riding wheel; 270. a kiln body; 275. a discharge port; 280. a forced draft inlet; 285. a heat exchanger media inlet; 290. a liquid injection port; 295. a central main tube; 310. a second gear; 320. a circulation branch pipe; 340. a liquid ejection tube; 350. a vent pipe; 600. a second insulating layer; 630. the inner diameter of the second insulating layer; 800. a thermal energy consumption device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, an aerobic composting system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

a first composting reactor vessel 110; the first compost reaction container 110 is internally provided with aerobic bacteria for carrying out aerobic composting treatment on materials; transferring the materials to a second composting reactor 120 when the residence time of the materials in the first composting reactor reaches a predetermined length;

the second composting reaction container 120 is used for decomposing and drying the materials after the retention time in the first composting reaction container 110 reaches a preset time;

a waste heat utilization device; the heat exchange mechanism is internally provided with a heat transfer medium which is used for acquiring heat energy released in the aerobic composting process of the materials in the first composting reaction container 110.

In the embodiment of the invention, the materials are subjected to a heating stage and a high-temperature stage of aerobic composting in the first composting reaction container 110 to generate a large amount of heat energy, and the generated heat energy is obtained by the waste heat utilization device. When the temperature of the materials begins to drop to a certain preset value, namely the materials enter the cooling stage of the aerobic compost, the materials are transferred to the second compost reaction container 120, so that the materials continue to be subjected to the cooling stage and the decomposition drying stage, and the aerobic compost treatment of the materials is completed. In this embodiment, the second composting reactor 120 and the first composting reactor 110 may be sealed reactors.

As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat utilization apparatus includes:

the heat exchanger 200 is used for obtaining heat energy generated in the aerobic composting process of the materials in the first composting reaction container 110;

a first circulation vessel 140; the inlet end of the first circulation container 140 is communicated with the heat exchanger 200, and the outlet end is communicated with an external heat energy consumption device 800; the heat transfer medium of a first temperature value generated in the heat exchanger 200 is supplied to the first circulation vessel 140;

a second circulation vessel 130; the outlet end of the second circulation container 130 is communicated with the heat exchanger 200, and the inlet end is communicated with an external heat energy consumption device 800; the heat transfer medium of the second temperature value in the external thermal energy consumption device 800 is supplied to the second circulation vessel 130; the first temperature value is greater than the second temperature value.

Specifically, the heat exchanger 200 is communicated with the second circulation container 140 through a medium inlet 285 of the heat exchanger 200, and is communicated with the first circulation container 140 through a medium outlet 255 of the heat exchanger 200. Pumping devices are arranged between the heat exchanger 200 and the first circulation container 140, between the first circulation container 140 and the thermal energy consumption device 800, between the thermal energy consumption device 800 and the second circulation container 130, and between the second circulation container 130 and the heat exchanger 200, and are used for circularly transmitting heat transfer media. The medium in this embodiment may be gas (various gases such as air, nitrogen, chlorine, and carbon dioxide) or liquid (various liquids such as water, heavy oil, crude oil, lubricating oil, and heat transfer oil), and correspondingly, the heat exchanger 200 may be an air heat exchanger 200, a water heat exchanger 200, and an oil heat exchanger 200. For economic reasons, the heat transfer medium is typically selected from water and the heat exchanger 200 is selected from the water heat exchanger 200. In the operation process of the waste heat utilization device, the heat exchanger 200 obtains heat energy generated in the composting process of the first composting reaction container 110, the obtained heat energy heats a heat transfer medium, the heated heat transfer medium is conveyed to the first circulation container 140 through a pumping device, and then conveyed to an external heat energy consumption device 800 (such as a water heater and the like) through the first circulation container 140 for a user to use. The heat transfer medium is cooled after use, transferred to the second circulation container 130, transferred from the second circulation container 130 to the heat exchanger 200, and heated again. The steps are repeated in a circulating way, so that the heat energy generated in the composting process of the first composting reaction container 110 is continuously utilized.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger 200 performs a dividing wall type heat exchange; the heat exchanger 200 includes an in-tube heat exchanger and an out-of-tube heat exchanger; the heat exchanger in the cylinder is a heat exchange coil or a central main pipe heat exchanger with a circulating branch pipe 320; the central main pipe heat exchanger with the circulation branch pipes 320 comprises a central main pipe 295 and the circulation branch pipes 320; the central main pipe 295 is of a hollow circular pipe structure, and the circulating branch pipe 320 is of a hollow plate structure; the length of the circulation branch pipe 320 is 1/4-1/3 of the inner diameter of the sealed reaction bin.

Specifically, the circulation branch pipe 320 can enhance the mixing effect of the first compost reaction container 110 on the materials while improving the heat exchange efficiency.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger 200 does not rotate with the first compost reaction container 110.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second circulation container 130 is provided with a medium replenishing port.

Specifically, the heat transfer medium may be replenished into the second circulation vessel 130 through the medium replenishment port.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first circulation container 140 and the second circulation container 130 have a sealed structure, and the first circulation container 140 and the second circulation container 130 are welded using steel or cast using concrete.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first circulation vessel 140 and the second circulation vessel 130 are in communication with the heat exchanger 200 through a medium pipe; the first circulation container 140, the second circulation container 130 and the outer surface of the medium pipe are provided with a first heat insulating layer.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first heat-insulating layer is made of a light heat-insulating material with the thickness of 30-100mm and the thermal conductivity of less than 0.04 kJ/(m.h.DEG C).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first compost reaction container 110 is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is 0.1 to 1 °.

Specifically, the first compost reaction container 110 is inclined to facilitate the material to enter and exit.

As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first compost reaction container 110 is provided with:

the spraying mechanism is used for spraying moisture into the first compost reaction container 110;

a ventilation mechanism 180 for ventilating the first compost reaction container 110;

an aerobic bacteria injection mechanism 160 for supplying aerobic bacteria to the first compost reaction vessel 110;

an oxygen content detection device for detecting the oxygen content in the first compost reaction container 110;

humidity detection means for detecting humidity in the first compost reaction container 110;

a temperature detection device for detecting the temperature in the first compost reaction container 110;

a control device; the detection result of the detection device is fed back to the control device; the control device controls the operation of the spraying mechanism, the ventilation mechanism 180 and the aerobic microbial inoculum injection mechanism 160 according to the feedback result.

Specifically, the spraying mechanism can spray moisture into the first compost reaction container 110, so that the moisture content of the materials is improved, and the fermentation of aerobic bacteria is facilitated. The ventilation mechanism 180 can supply oxygen to the first compost reaction container 110, so that the activity of aerobic bacteria is increased, and the fermentation efficiency is improved. When the aerobic bacteria are insufficient, the aerobic bacteria can be supplied to the first compost reaction vessel 110 by the aerobic bacteria injection mechanism 160. The oxygen content, temperature, humidity and the like in the first compost reaction container 110 can be monitored in real time through corresponding detection devices, monitoring results are fed back to the control device, and the control device automatically controls the operation of the spraying mechanism, the ventilation mechanism 180 and the aerobic microbial inoculum injection mechanism 160. Further, in order to increase the accuracy of detection, 3 or more detection devices such as an oxygen content detection device, a humidity detection device, and a temperature detection device are arranged in the axial direction of the first compost reaction container 110.

As shown in fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first compost reaction container 110 adopts a sealed reaction bin in the form of a rotary kiln structure, the sealed reaction bin includes a kiln body 270, a kiln head 240 and a kiln tail 210, and the kiln body 270 is rotationally arranged on a rack through a driving assembly.

Particularly, the output of the rotary kiln is very high, and the requirements of large-volume and large-mass compost can be met. And the rotary kiln is convenient for rotate, can overturn and stir the materials, and promotes thorough and complete reaction. The frame is a fixing and supporting device of the rotary kiln. Except that the kiln body 270 can rotate freely, other components are fixed on the frame directly or indirectly. The frame plays the roles of supporting the whole sealed reaction bin, adjusting the inclination angle of the sealed reaction bin and fixing the heat exchanger 200, the ventilation mechanism 180 and the second heat-insulating layer 600.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly includes:

the rotary kiln wheel belt 230 is arranged on the kiln body 270;

the first gear 235 is in transmission connection with the rotary kiln wheel belt 230;

a second gear 310 engaged with the first gear 235;

and the speed regulating motor 260 is used for driving the second gear 310 to rotate.

Specifically, the rotary kiln wheel belt 230 is supported by the upper idler 265 of the frame. The first gear 235 is a large gear and the second gear 310 is a small gear. The speed regulating motor 260 drives the small gear to rotate, the small gear drives the large gear to rotate, and the large gear drives the kiln body 270 to rotate through the rotary kiln wheel belt 230, so that materials in the sealed reaction bin are turned and stirred, and thorough and complete reaction is promoted.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a feeding port 250 and a spraying liquid inlet are provided on the kiln head 240, and a liquid spraying pipe 340 is connected to the liquid spraying port 290; the spraying mechanism and the aerobic agent spraying mechanism 160 spray moisture and supply aerobic bacteria into the kiln body 270 through the liquid spraying pipe 340.

Specifically, the spraying mechanism and the aerobic bacteria injection mechanism 160 share a set of liquid injection pipes 340, and are switched with each other according to the composting working conditions, or the aerobic bacteria can be directly added into the spraying mechanism according to the working condition requirements and sprayed into the kiln body 270 together with the spraying liquid.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid injection pipe 340 is disposed above the center of the kiln body 270, and 3 or more injection ports are uniformly distributed on the circumferential direction of the liquid injection pipe 340.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a discharge port 275 and a forced draft inlet 280 are disposed on the kiln tail 210; the discharge port 275 is connected to the second compost reaction vessel 120 through a second material conveying device; a vent pipe 350 is arranged in the kiln body 270, and the vent pipe 350 is communicated with the ventilation mechanism 180 through a forced ventilation inlet 280.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation pipe 350 is disposed above the center of the kiln body 270, and 3 or more than 3 injection ports are uniformly distributed on the circumferential direction of the ventilation pipe 350.

As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the first compost reaction container 110 is provided with a second insulating layer 600.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner layer of the second insulating layer 600 is made of a rolled thin steel plate, and the inner diameter 630 of the second insulating layer is 5-10mm larger than the outer diameter of the kiln body 270.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second insulating layer 600 is of an opening and closing structure, a lower half portion of the second insulating layer 600 is fixed on the rack, and an upper half portion of the second insulating layer 600 can be freely opened and closed by 180 degrees.

Specifically, the second insulating layer 600 is installed in series by a plurality of sections along the axial direction of the kiln body 270, so that the kiln has the advantages of convenience in installation and no influence on the later maintenance of the kiln body 270.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second insulating layer 600 does not rotate with the kiln body 270.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the second insulating layer 600 is a light insulating material with a thickness of 50-200mm and a thermal conductivity of less than 0.04 kJ/(m.h.DEG C).

As shown in fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a gas outlet 245 is provided on the first compost reaction container 110; the gas outlet 245 is communicated with a tail gas purification system.

Specifically, the gas generated in the first compost reaction container 110 enters the tail gas purification system through the gas outlet 245, and can be discharged after being purified and deodorized by the tail gas purification system.

As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aerobic composting system further comprises:

an ingredient container 100;

a material conveying device for conveying the material in the ingredient container 100 to the first compost reaction container 110;

and the pushing device 252 is used for pushing the materials conveyed by the material conveying device into the first compost reaction container 110.

Specifically, the material in the ingredient container 100 is delivered to the ingredient container 100 from a stockyard 105 using a belt system. The first compost reaction container 110 is provided with a feeding hole 250, and the material from the material conveying device is pushed into the first compost reaction container 110 by a material pushing device 252. The material pushing device 252 may adopt hydraulic feeding, screw feeding, etc., preferably, a screw feeding mode, which is used to push the material from the feeding hole 250 into the first compost reaction container 110.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second composting container 120 can adopt a common aerobic composting mode, preferably a sealable composting device such as a trough type composting device, a bin type composting device and the like, so that the centralized treatment of composting odor is facilitated.

Example 2

In this example, the aerobic composting system of example 1 was used for actual composting, and the composting process was as follows:

firstly, materials in a raw material yard 105 are crushed and then conveyed to a batching container 100 through a belt system, quantitative aerobic bacteria are added and uniformly mixed, and biogas slurry, compost leachate or circulating hot water and the like are added to adjust the water content of the materials to be 45-60%, however, the materials are pushed into a first compost reaction container 110 which is obliquely arranged at 0.1-1 degree through a material conveying device and a material pushing device 252, and meanwhile, air is fed into the ventilation device through a forced ventilation inlet 280. Under the action of the driving component of the kiln body 270, the kiln body 270 rotates at a speed of 0.5-2 r/min to drive the material to turn over and gradually move towards the kiln tail 210. After 7-10 days, the materials are discharged from the discharge hole 275 of the kiln tail 210, fall into or are conveyed into the second compost reaction container 120, and are decomposed and dried for 30-40 days to finally obtain an organic fertilizer product.

Meanwhile, a large amount of heat energy generated by biochemical reaction of the materials in the first compost reaction container 110 is heated to 60-65 ℃ while maintaining the temperature of 65-78 ℃ inside the kiln body 270 and the surplus heat energy heats the heat transfer medium (water) in the heat exchanger 200, and the heat transfer medium flows in the central main pipe 295 and the circulating branch pipe 320. The hot water of 60-65 ℃ is pumped to the first circulation vessel 140 and then to the thermal energy consumption device 800 for the user, and after the user finishes using the hot water, the cooled heat transfer medium flows back to the second circulation vessel 130 and then is pumped to the heat exchanger 200 again to continue heating. In the process, the detection device arranged in the first compost reaction container 110 feeds back physicochemical characteristics such as oxygen content, humidity and temperature in the container to the control device, and the control device automatically controls the operation states (opening and closing, opening strength and the like) of the ventilation mechanism 180, the aerobic microbial inoculum injection mechanism 160 and the spraying mechanism according to the fed-back data, so that the reaction temperature of 65-78 ℃ in the first compost reaction container 110 and the temperature of the first circulation container 140 are stabilized, and 60-65 ℃ circulation hot water is obtained while the rapid progress of the composting biochemical reaction is ensured.

Through the two sections of composts and the corresponding waste heat utilization devices, the temperature of the high-temperature reaction section can be stably maintained in the range of 70-78 ℃, 60-65 ℃ hot water can be obtained, the heat value is more than 10MJ/kg, and VS is more than 50%, 0 ℃ water can be stably heated to 65 ℃, the daily hot water yield of each cubic meter of material is more than 1.0t, and if the water inlet temperature is 50 ℃, the daily hot water yield of each cubic meter of material is more than 4.9 t.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aerobic composting system, comprising:

2. The aerobic composting system of claim 1 wherein the waste heat utilizing means comprises:

3. The aerobic composting system of claim 2 wherein the heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat in a dividing wall type; the heat exchanger comprises an in-cylinder heat exchanger and an out-cylinder heat exchanger; the heat exchanger in the cylinder is a heat exchange coil or a central main pipe heat exchanger with a circulating branch pipe.

4. An aerobic composting system according to claim 2 wherein the first and second circulation vessels are in communication with a heat exchanger via a media conduit; the outer surfaces of the first circulation container, the second circulation container and the medium pipeline are provided with a first heat preservation layer; the first heat-insulating layer is made of a light heat-insulating material with the thickness of 30-100mm and the heat conductivity coefficient of less than 0.04 kJ/(m.h.DEG C).

5. The aerobic composting system of claim 1 wherein the first composting reactor is inclined at an angle of 0.1-1 ° to the horizontal.

6. The aerobic composting system of claim 1 wherein the first composting reactor vessel is provided with:

7. The aerobic composting system of claim 6 wherein the first composting reaction vessel is a sealed reaction chamber in the form of a rotary kiln, the sealed reaction chamber comprises a kiln body, a kiln head and a kiln tail, and the kiln body is rotatably driven by a driving assembly and is disposed on a frame.

8. The aerobic composting system of claim 1 wherein the outer surface of the first composting reactor is provided with a second layer of insulation; the second insulating layer is made of a light insulating material with the thickness of 50-200mm and the heat conductivity coefficient of less than 0.04 kJ/(m.h.DEG C).