JP7458685B2 - 高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
- B21B19/02—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling ; Diescher mills, Stiefel disc piercers or Stiefel rotary piercers
- B21B19/06—Rolling hollow basic material, e.g. Assel mills
- B21B19/10—Finishing, e.g. smoothing, sizing, reeling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
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- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
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- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/003—Cementite
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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Description
本発明は、金属材料およびその製造方法、特にオイルケーシングおよびその製造方法に関する。
現在、国内外における石油・ガス資源開発の深度化・困難化に伴い、地層の流体場や圧力場などが大きく変化し、油井や水井用ケーシングの使用条件・応力条件もより複雑化している。中国国内の油井や水井の約20%、特定の地域では50%以上のケーシング崩壊が発生している。ケーシングの崩壊は、軽度の場合は通常の原油生産に影響を与え、重度の場合は油井全体を廃棄することになり、莫大な経済的損失が発生する。したがって、既存の資源を十分に活用し、回収効率を高め、不必要な損失を減らすためには、ケーシング崩壊の問題を効果的に解決することが不可欠である。
本発明の一つの目的は、高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングを提供することである。高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングの化学成分の設計においては、鋼の焼入れ性を高めるため、CrおよびBを添加して、Mnを置き換え、Tiを結晶粒界でのNの脆化作用を抑制するために使用することにより、オイルケーシング中に添加する合金元素のコストを低減し、および焼割れを防止する。抗崩壊オイルケーシングは、高強度、高靱性および高い抗崩壊性能を有し、また具体的には、降伏強度758~965 MPa、引張強度≧862 MPa、伸び率≧18% および残留応力≦120 MPaを有し、ならびに0℃シャルピー曲げ衝撃エネルギー≧80 Jを有する。さらに抗崩壊強度は、典型的な仕様Φ244.48*11.99 mmで55 MPa以上であり、これはAPI規格の要求値を40%以上超えるため、高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングは、油井ケーシングの強度および抗崩壊性能に関して、深井戸および油田やガス田で求められる要求に合わせることができる。
C: 0.08~0.18%;
Si: 0.1~0.4%;
Mn: 0.1~0.28%;
Cr: 0.2~0.8%;
Mo: 0.2~0.6%;
Nb: 0.02~0.08%;
V: 0.01~0.15%;
Ti: 0.02~0.05%;
B: 0.0015~0.005%; および
Al: 0.01~0.05%
を含む高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングを提供する。
C: 0.08~0.18%;
Si: 0.1~0.4%;
Mn: 0.1~0.28%;
Cr: 0.2~0.8%;
Mo: 0.2~0.6%;
Nb: 0.02~0.08%;
V: 0.01~0.15%;
Ti: 0.02~0.05%;
B: 0.0015~0.005%;
Al: 0.01~0.05%; および
鉄および他の不可避的不純物の残部
を満たす。
C: 0.1~0.16%;
Si: 0.15~0.35%;
Mn: 0.15~0.25%;
Cr: 0.4~0.7%;
Mo: 0.25~0.5%;
Nb: 0.02~0.06%;
V: 0.05~0.12%;
Ti: 0.02~0.04%;
B: 0.0015~0.003%; および
Al: 0.015~0.035%
の少なくとも一つを満たす。
(1)製錬および連続鋳造;
(2)穿孔、圧延およびサイジング;
(3)制御冷却: 初期冷却温度は Ar3+30℃からAr3+70℃(Ar3+30℃およびAr3+70℃を含む)であり、Ar3は冷却中のフェライト変態の初期温度を意味し、さらに初期冷却温度をAr3+50℃に制御し; 最終冷却温度は≦80℃であり; 冷却工程はケーシングの内壁へは行わず、ケーシングの外面へのみ行われ、例えば、水を噴霧してケーシングの外面を冷却し; および冷却速度を30~70℃/sに制御する;
(4)焼戻し; ならびに
(5)熱矯正
を含む製造方法を提供する。
本発明の高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングおよびその製造方法を具体的な実施例と合わせてさらに下記に説明および解説する。しかし、該説明および解説は、本発明の技術的解決手段を不当に限定するものではない。
表1は、実施例1~6および比較例1~4の各高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングの化学元素を質量百分率で列挙する。
Claims (10)
- 質量百分率の各化学元素の含有量が以下:
C: 0.08-0.18%;
Si: 0.1-0.4%;
Mn: 0.1-0.28%;
Cr: 0.2-0.8%;
Mo: 0.2-0.6%;
Nb: 0.02-0.08%;
V: 0.01-0.15%;
Ti: 0.02-0.05%;
B: 0.0015-0.005%;
Al: 0.01-0.05%; および
鉄および他の不可避的不純物の残部
を満たすことを特徴とする、高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシング。 - 不可避的不純物がS、PおよびNを含み、S、PおよびNの含有量が: P≦0.015%、0<N≦0.008%、およびS≦0.003%の少なくとも一つを満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシング。
- 質量百分率の各化学元素の含有量が以下:
C: 0.1-0.16%;
Si: 0.15-0.35%;
Mn: 0.15-0.25%;
Cr: 0.4-0.7%;
Mo: 0.25-0.5%;
Nb: 0.02-0.06%;
V: 0.05-0.12%;
Ti: 0.02-0.04%;
B: 0.0015-0.003%; および
Al: 0.015-0.035%
の少なくとも一つを満たすことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシング。 - 抗崩壊オイルケーシングの微細構造が焼戻しソルバイトであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシング。
- 抗崩壊オイルケーシングが: 降伏強度758~965 MPa、引張強度≧862 MPa、伸び率≧18%、残留応力≦120 MPa、0℃シャルピー曲げ衝撃エネルギー≧80 J、およびAPI規格の要求値を50%以上超えるΦ244.48*11.99 mmの仕様での抗崩壊強度55 MPa以上、の少なくとも一つを満たす特性を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシング。
- 以下の工程:
(1)製錬および連続鋳造;
(2)穿孔、圧延およびサイジング;
(3)制御冷却: 初期冷却温度はAr3+30℃からAr3+70℃であり、および最終冷却温度は≦80℃であり; 冷却工程はケーシングの内壁へ行わず、ケーシングの外面へのみ行い; および冷却速度を30~70℃/sに制御する;
(4)焼戻し; ならびに
(5)熱矯正
を含む、請求項1に記載の高強度の抗崩壊オイルケーシングの製造方法。 - 工程(1)の連続鋳造において、溶鋼の過熱度を30℃未満に制御し、および連続鋳造の引張速度を1.6~2.0 m/minに制御することを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- 工程(2)において、丸ビレットを1260~1290℃で加熱炉内の均熱に供し; 穿孔温度を1180~1260℃に制御し; 最終圧延温度を900~980℃に制御し; および最終圧延後のサイジング温度が850~920℃であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- 工程(4)において、焼戻し温度が500~600℃であり、および保持時間が50~80minであることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- 工程(5)において、熱矯正温度が400~500℃であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の製造方法。
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