JP7450033B2 - 発光分光分析の改善 - Google Patents
発光分光分析の改善 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/443—Emission spectrometry
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N21/15—Preventing contamination of the components of the optical system or obstruction of the light path
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/66—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
- G01N21/67—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence using electric arcs or discharges
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
- G01N2021/335—Vacuum UV
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
- G01N2201/066—Modifiable path; multiple paths in one sample
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Description
1)L.B.Kreuzer,Journal of Applied Physics;1971,Volume 42,Issue 7;p.2934-2943
2)V.Ebert,T.Fernholz,and H.Pitz,T.Li,ed.,Vol.36 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series(Optical Society of America,2000),paper SaB4.
3)V.Ebert,K.-U.Pleban,J.Wolfrum,Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis,Technical Digest(Optical Society of America),pp 206-209(1998)
4)J.U.White,Journal of the Optical Society of America,Vol.32,Issue 5,pp.285-288(1942)
5)Hanst,P.L.,Applied Spectroscopy,1970,24(2),161-174.
6)P.G Wilkinson,H.L.Johnston,J.Chem.Phys.18,190(1950).
7)R.W.Ditchburn,D.W.O Heddle,Proceedings.Mathematical,physical,and engineering sciences/the Royal Society;Volume 220,Issue 1140;p.61-70,1953.
8)WO2014/062419
9)US2017/0102315
10)US2015/0177131
11)US2012/0113426
12)US2018/0259452
13)US2017/0139182
14)EP1664691
Claims (28)
- 分光計を通るパージガスの流れを制御する方法であって、
前記分光計によって分析されるスペクトル領域内の光に対して透過性である前記ガスを、前記分光計の容積の中に流すステップと、
光源からの光を、前記ガス中を経路に沿って検出器まで透過させるステップと、
前記光の1つ以上の波長で、前記検出器において前記光源からの前記光の強度を検出するステップと、
前記光源からの前記光の検出された強度を、前記分光計の前記容積内の前記ガスの所望の透過率に対応するそれぞれの設定値と比較し、前記比較に基づいて少なくとも1つの誤差信号を生成するステップと、
前記誤差信号に基づいて、前記分光計の前記容積を通る前記ガスの流量を調整するステップと、を含み、
前記光の前記強度は、単一波長もしくは単一波長帯域で検出され、または、前記光の前記強度は、2つ以上の非連続波長もしくは2つ以上の非連続波長帯域で検出される、方法。 - 前記分光計の前記容積を通る前記ガスの前記流量は、前記検出された強度と設定値との間の差を最小化するように調整される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記分光計は、発光分光計、好ましくはスパーク発光分光計またはLIBS分光計である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記経路は、前記分光計の前記容積内にある、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記経路は、前記容積と流体連通している測定セル内にある、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記測定セルは、閉ループ流体回路を介して前記容積と流体連通している、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記経路は、前記ガスを通るシングルパスである、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記経路は、前記ガスを通る複数のパスを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記光は、VUV光または近IR(NIR)光である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記光の前記強度は、水および/または分子状酸素の1つ以上の吸収波長で検出される、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記光の前記検出された強度を対応する設定値と比較するステップと、少なくとも1つの誤差信号を生成するステップと、前記ガスの流量を調整するステップとは、比例積分微分(PID)制御を使用して実行される、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 発光分光分析の方法であって、分光計において、
分析用の試料を提供するステップと、
前記試料を励起して光を放出させるステップと、
分光器を使用して、前記放出された光の分光分析を実行して、前記試料中に存在する1つ以上の元素を決定するステップと、
前記分光計の前記容積の中に実質的にUV透過性のガスを流すステップと、
請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法を使用して、前記容積を通る実質的にUV透過性のガスの前記流れを制御するステップと、を含む、方法。 - 分光計を通るガスの流れを制御するための装置であって、
試料から放出された光が通過することができる容積を含むハウジングと、
前記容積の中に実質的にUV透過性のガスを流すためのガス供給源と、
前記ガス中を経路に沿って光を透過させるための光源と、
前記ガス中を前記経路に沿って透過した前記光源からの光の強度を、前記光の1つ以上の波長で検出するための検出器と、
前記光の前記検出された強度を、前記容積内の前記ガスの所望の透過率に対応するそれぞれの設定値と比較し、前記比較に基づいて少なくとも1つの誤差信号を生成し、前記少なくとも1つの誤差信号に基づいて前記分光計の前記容積を通る前記ガスの流量を調整するためのコントローラと、を含み、
前記検出器は、前記光源からの単一波長もしくは単一波長帯域、または、前記光源からの2つ以上の非連続波長もしくは2つ以上の非連続波長帯域で、前記光の前記強度を検出する、装置。 - 前記コントローラは、前記分光計の前記容積を通る前記ガスの前記流量を調整して、前記検出された強度と設定値との間の差を最小化するように構成されている、請求項13に記載の装置。
- 前記分光計は、発光分光計、好ましくはスパーク発光分光計またはLIBS分光計である、請求項13または14に記載の装置。
- 前記経路は、前記分光計の前記容積内にある、請求項13~15のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記容積と流体連通している測定セルをさらに含み、前記経路が、前記測定セル内にある、請求項13~16のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記測定セルは、閉ループ流体回路を介して前記容積と流体連通している、請求項17に記載の装置。
- 前記経路は、前記ガスを通るシングルパスである、請求項13~18のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記ガスを通して前記光源からの前記光を前後に反射するための2つのミラーをさらに含み、前記経路が、前記ガスを通る複数のパスを含む、請求項13~18のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記光源は、真空紫外(VUV)光源または近IR(NIR)光源である、請求項13~20のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記検出器は、水および/または分子状酸素の1つ以上の吸収波長で前記光の前記強度を検出するように適合されている、請求項13~21のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記ガス中を2つ以上の経路に沿ってそれぞれ光を透過させるための2つ以上の光源と、それぞれの前記2つ以上の経路に沿って透過した光の強度をそれぞれ検出するための2つ以上の検出器とを含み、各光源が、異なる波長で光を放出するか、または各検出器が、異なる波長で光を検出し、光の前記強度が、2つ以上の非連続波長または2つ以上の非連続波長帯域で検出される、請求項13~22のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記異なる波長は、それぞれ気体状の水および気体状の酸素の吸収に対応する、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 前記コントローラは、比例積分微分(PID)コントローラを含む、請求項13~24のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記コントローラは、単一入力単一出力(SISO)コントローラまたは複数入力単一出力(MISO)コントローラを含み、これらはそれぞれ、単一誤差信号または複数誤差信号を、ガス流を制御するために使用される出力信号に変換する、請求項13~25のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記出力信号は、前記ガスのための流量バルブおよび/またはポンプを制御する、請求項26に記載の装置。
- 請求項13~27のいずれか一項に記載のガスの流れを制御するための装置を含む、発光分光計。
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JP2004522168A (ja) | 2001-07-06 | 2004-07-22 | プラクスエア・テクノロジー・インコーポレイテッド | 電荷結合素子検出器を有する発光分光計 |
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