JP7432658B2

JP7432658B2 - disaster prevention system

Info

Publication number: JP7432658B2
Application number: JP2022091319A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 秀成松熊
Original assignee: Hochiki Corp
Current assignee: Hochiki Corp
Priority date: 2017-02-22
Filing date: 2022-06-06
Publication date: 2024-02-16
Anticipated expiration: 2037-02-22
Also published as: JP2018136726A; JP6871013B2; JP2021108194A; JP7085670B2; JP2022116306A

Description

本発明は、防災受信盤から引き出された信号線に接続された火災検知装置により、トンネル長手方向に所定間隔に区分された監視エリアの火災を監視する防災システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a disaster prevention system that monitors fires in a monitoring area divided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel using a fire detection device connected to a signal line drawn out from a disaster prevention receiver.

従来、自動車専用道路等のトンネルには、トンネル内で発生する火災事故から人身及び車両等を守るため、火災を監視する火災検知装置が設置され、防災受信盤から引き出された信号線に接続されている。 Traditionally, in tunnels such as motorways, fire detection devices have been installed to monitor fires in order to protect people and vehicles from fire accidents that occur inside the tunnels, and are connected to signal lines drawn out from disaster prevention receiver panels. ing.

火災検知装置はトンネル長手方向に沿って例えば２５ｍ間隔、或いは５０ｍ間隔に区分された監視エリアの境界に設置され、火災検知装置は左右の両方向に検知エリアを持ち、隣接して配置された火災検知装置により同じ監視エリアの火災を重複して監視している。 The fire detection device is installed at the boundary of the monitoring area divided into, for example, 25m intervals or 50m intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the fire detection device has detection areas in both left and right directions. The equipment is redundantly monitoring fires in the same monitoring area.

また、火災検知装置は透光性窓を介してトンネル内で発生する火災炎からの放射線、たとえば赤外線を監視しており、炎の監視機能を維持するために、透光性窓の汚れを監視している。 In addition, the fire detection device monitors radiation, such as infrared rays, from the fire flames generated inside the tunnel through the translucent window, and in order to maintain the flame monitoring function, it monitors the dirt on the translucent window. are doing.

透光性窓の汚れ監視は、火災検知装置に設けた試験光源から定期的に試験光を、検知装置外部の検知出エリア側空間を経由し透光性窓に入射し受光素子で受光して、このときの受光レベルを初期無汚損時のそれと比較するなどして減光率を汚損レベルとして求め、汚損レベルが所定の閾値を超えたら汚損信号を防災受信盤に送信して汚損警報を出力している。また、汚損閾値に対しそれより低い汚損予兆閾値を設定し、汚損レベルが汚れ予兆閾値を超えた場合に汚損予兆信号を防災受信盤に送信して汚損予兆警報を出力するようにしている。 To monitor dirt on translucent windows, test light is periodically emitted from a test light source installed in the fire detection device, enters the translucent window via the detection output area side space outside the detector, and is received by the light receiving element. The light reception level at this time is compared with that at the initial non-contamination time to determine the light attenuation rate as the contamination level, and when the contamination level exceeds a predetermined threshold, a contamination signal is sent to the disaster prevention receiver and a contamination alarm is output. are doing. In addition, a contamination sign threshold lower than the contamination threshold is set, and when the contamination level exceeds the contamination sign threshold, a contamination sign signal is sent to the disaster prevention receiver to output a contamination sign alarm.

更に、トンネル内に設置している火災検知装置は環境内を浮遊する汚損物質付着などにより時間の経過と共に透光性窓の汚れが増加することから、一定の期間毎に透光性窓の清掃を行っている。 Furthermore, fire detection equipment installed in tunnels requires cleaning of the translucent windows at regular intervals, as dirt on the translucent windows increases over time due to the adhesion of pollutants floating in the environment. It is carried out.

ここで、防災受信盤で汚損予兆警報が出力された場合の火災検知装置の汚損は、透光性窓の汚損は進んでいるが、監視エリア全部の監視が可能な状態にある。これに対し防災受信盤で汚損警報が出力された火災検知装置の汚損は、透光性窓の汚損が更に進んで、監視エリア全部の監視ができず、火災検知装置に近い監視エリアの一部しか監視できない状態にあり、隣接した火災検知装置による同一監視エリアの重複監視という監視機能が損なわれていることから、汚損警報を出した火災検知装置の清掃が必要となる。 Here, in the case where the disaster prevention reception board outputs a contamination warning, the fire detection device is in a state where the entire monitoring area can be monitored, although the translucent window has progressed in contamination. On the other hand, if the fire detection equipment that caused a defacement alarm to be output from the disaster prevention reception panel was contaminated, the translucent window was further contaminated, making it impossible to monitor the entire monitoring area, and only a portion of the monitoring area near the fire detection equipment could be monitored. Since the monitoring function of redundant monitoring of the same monitoring area by adjacent fire detection devices is impaired, it is necessary to clean the fire detection device that issued the contamination alarm.

特開２０００－３１５２８５号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2000-315285 特開２００２－１６３７３６号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-163736 特開２００２－０６３６６４号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-063664

しかしながら、このような隣接して配置された火災検知装置により同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する場合にあっては、防災受信盤は、隣接した火災検知装置の何れか一方が汚損予兆となった場合、汚損予兆となっていない他方の火災検知装置により監視エリア全部の監視が正常に行われているにも関わらず、その監視エリアに対応して汚れ予兆警報を報知しているが、この段階での警報に対する対処は緊急度の高いものではない。特に、複数の監視エリアについて、このような緊急を要さない汚れ予兆警報が同時期に出されたような場合には、かえって本来の火災監視業務に支障を来たす恐れがある。 However, when the same monitoring area is monitored redundantly by fire detection devices placed adjacent to each other, the disaster prevention receiving panel may be affected by signs of contamination of one of the adjacent fire detection devices. In this case, even though the other fire detection device that has not detected a contamination sign is normally monitoring the entire monitoring area, a contamination sign alarm is issued in response to that monitoring area. The response to the alarm at this stage is not of high urgency. In particular, if such non-emergency contamination warnings are issued at the same time for multiple monitoring areas, there is a risk that the original fire monitoring work may be hindered.

本発明は、監視エリアを火災検知装置により重複監視している場合の汚損に対する防災受信盤での警報表示を最適化して、適切な監視業務を可能とする防災システムを提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a disaster prevention system that enables appropriate monitoring work by optimizing the warning display on a disaster prevention receiver panel for deterioration when a monitoring area is redundantly monitored by a fire detection device. .

（防災システム１）
本発明は、受信装置に複数の検知装置を接続した防災システムであって、
火災検知装置は、対応する監視エリアにおける火災を検出した場合に、受信装置に火災検出情報を送信する火災判定部を備え、
受信装置は、
複数の火災検知装置の各々から自己の障害状況を示す情報を取得し、当該取得した前記複数の火災検知装置の障害状況を示す情報に基づいて、複数の火災検知装置の各々の障害状況が所定の回路故障を示す状態であるか、無信号や無応答の状態であるか、又は回路故障を示す状態でも無信号や無応答の状態でもない正常状態であるかを識別して判定し、
複数の火災検知装置のうち相互に同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する複数の火災検知装置の各々について判定した状態の組み合わせに基づいて、対応する同一の監視エリアの監視障害予兆又は監視障害を判定することを特徴とする。
(Disaster prevention system 1)
The present invention is a disaster prevention system in which a plurality of detection devices are connected to a receiving device,
The fire detection device includes a fire determination unit that transmits fire detection information to the receiving device when a fire is detected in the corresponding monitoring area,
The receiving device is
Information indicating the failure status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is acquired from each of the plurality of fire detection devices, and the failure status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is determined based on the acquired information indicating the failure status of the plurality of fire detection devices. identify and determine whether the state is indicative of a circuit failure, the state is no signal or no response , or the state is a normal state that is neither a state indicative of a circuit failure nor a state of no signal or no response ;
Based on the combination of states determined for each of multiple fire detection devices that mutually monitor the same monitoring area redundantly, monitoring failure signs or monitoring failures of the corresponding same monitoring area are detected. It is characterized by making a judgment.

（防災システム２）
本発明は、受信装置に複数の検知装置を接続した防災システムであって、
火災検知装置は、対応する監視エリアにおける火災を検出した場合に、受信装置に火災検出情報を送信する火災判定部を備え、
受信装置は、
複数の火災検知装置の各々から自己の障害状況を示す情報を取得し、当該取得した前記複数の火災検知装置の障害状況を示す情報に基づいて、複数の火災検知装置の各々の障害状況が所定の回路故障を示す状態であるか、無信号や無応答の状態であるか、又は回路故障を示す状態でも無信号や無応答の状態でもない正常な状態であるかを識別して判定し、
複数の火災検知装置のうち相互に同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する複数の火災検知装置の各々について判定した状態の組み合わせの推移に基づいて、対応する同一の監視エリアの監視障害予兆又は監視障害を判定することを特徴とする。
(Disaster prevention system 2)
The present invention is a disaster prevention system in which a plurality of detection devices are connected to a receiving device,
The fire detection device includes a fire determination unit that transmits fire detection information to the receiving device when a fire is detected in the corresponding monitoring area,
The receiving device is
Information indicating the failure status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is acquired from each of the plurality of fire detection devices, and the failure status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is determined based on the acquired information indicating the failure status of the plurality of fire detection devices. identify and determine whether the state is indicative of a circuit failure, the state is no signal or no response , or the state is a normal state that is neither a state indicative of a circuit failure nor a state of no signal or no response ;
Based on the transition of the combination of conditions determined for each of the multiple fire detection devices that monitor the same monitoring area redundantly among the multiple fire detection devices, monitor failure signs or monitoring of the corresponding same monitoring area. It is characterized by determining a failure.

（防災システム３）
本発明は、受信装置に複数の火災検知装置を接続した防災システムであって、
火災検知装置は、
透光性窓を介して監視エリアからの放射線を受光して電気信号に変換する受光部と、
受光部からの電気信号に基づいて、対応する監視エリアにおける火災を検出した場合に、受信装置に火災検出情報を送信する火災判定部と、
受光部に対応する透光性窓の汚損レベルを検出して、汚損レベルに基づき汚損状況に関する信号を受信装置へ送信する汚損処理部と、
を備え、
受信装置は、
複数の火災検知装置の各々から汚損状況を示す情報を取得し、当該取得した前記複数の火災検知装置の汚損状況を示す情報に基づいて、複数の火災検知装置の各々の汚損状況が所定の汚損状態であるか、汚損状態に至る予兆と認められる汚損予兆状態であるか、又は故障状態でも故障予兆状態でもない正常状態であるかを識別して判定し、
複数の火災検知装置のうち相互に同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する複数の火災検知装置の各々について判定した状態の組み合わせに基づいて、対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆又は監視障害を判定することを特徴とする。
(Disaster prevention system 3)
The present invention is a disaster prevention system in which a plurality of fire detection devices are connected to a receiving device,
The fire detection device is
a light receiving unit that receives radiation from the monitoring area through a translucent window and converts it into an electrical signal;
a fire determination unit that transmits fire detection information to the receiving device when a fire is detected in the corresponding monitoring area based on the electrical signal from the light receiving unit;
a contamination processing unit that detects the contamination level of the translucent window corresponding to the light receiving unit and transmits a signal regarding the contamination status to the receiving device based on the contamination level;
Equipped with
The receiving device is
Information indicating the contamination status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is acquired, and based on the acquired information indicating the contamination status of the plurality of fire detection devices, the contamination status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is determined to be a predetermined contamination state. identify and determine whether the condition is a contamination precursor condition that is recognized as a precursor to a contamination condition, or a normal condition that is neither a failure condition nor a failure precursor condition;
Based on the combination of states determined for each of a plurality of fire detection devices that monitor the same monitoring area redundantly among the plurality of fire detection devices, a monitoring failure sign or a monitoring failure in the corresponding monitoring area is determined. It is characterized by

（防災システム４）
本発明は、受信装置に複数の火災検知装置を接続した防災システムであって、
火災検知装置は、
透光性窓を介して監視エリアからの放射線を受光して電気信号に変換する受光部と、
受光部からの電気信号に基づいて、対応する監視エリアにおける火災を検出した場合に、受信装置に火災検出情報を送信する火災判定部と、
受光部に対応する透光性窓の汚損レベルを検出して、汚損レベルに基づき汚損状況に関する信号を受信装置へ送信する汚損処理部と、
を備え、
受信装置は、
複数の火災検知装置の各々から汚損状況を示す情報を取得し、当該取得した前記複数の火災検知装置の汚損状況を示す情報に基づいて、複数の火災検知装置の各々の汚損状況が所定の汚損状態であるか、汚損状態に至る予兆と認められる汚損予兆状態であるか、又は故障状態でも故障予兆状態でもない正常状態であるかを識別して判定し、
複数の火災検知装置のうち相互に同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する複数の火災検知装置の各々について判定した状態の組み合わせの推移に基づいて、対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆又は監視障害を判定することを特徴とする。

(Disaster prevention system 4)
The present invention is a disaster prevention system in which a plurality of fire detection devices are connected to a receiving device,
The fire detection device is
a light receiving unit that receives radiation from the monitoring area through a translucent window and converts it into an electrical signal;
a fire determination unit that transmits fire detection information to the receiving device when a fire is detected in the corresponding monitoring area based on the electrical signal from the light receiving unit;
a contamination processing unit that detects the contamination level of the translucent window corresponding to the light receiving unit and transmits a signal regarding the contamination status to the receiving device based on the contamination level;
Equipped with
The receiving device is
Information indicating the contamination status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is acquired, and based on the acquired information indicating the contamination status of the plurality of fire detection devices, the contamination status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is determined to be a predetermined contamination state. identify and determine whether the condition is a contamination precursor condition that is recognized as a precursor to a contamination condition, or a normal condition that is neither a failure condition nor a failure precursor condition;
Based on the transition of the combination of states determined for each of multiple fire detection devices that monitor the same monitoring area redundantly among multiple fire detection devices, monitoring failure signs or monitoring failures of the corresponding monitoring area are detected. It is characterized by making a judgment.

（防災システムの効果）
本発明は、受信装置に監視エリアからの放射線を、透光性窓を介して受光することで監視エリアの火災を監視する複数の検知装置を接続した防災システムに於いて、受信装置は、監視エリアを監視している任意の検知装置の透光性窓の汚損状況と、同じ監視エリアを監視している他の検知装置の透光性窓の汚損状況とに基づいて監視障害の状況を判定して、判定結果に対応する処理（判定結果を報知する処理）をするようにしたため、正常（非汚損）、汚損予兆、汚損といった透光性窓の汚損の状況に応じて、システム上の監視性能上の障害状況（監視障害予兆、監視障害）を適切に評価して報知することを可能とする。 (Effects of disaster prevention system)
The present invention provides a disaster prevention system in which a receiving device is connected to a plurality of detection devices that monitor fires in a monitoring area by receiving radiation from the monitoring area through a translucent window. Determine the status of a monitoring failure based on the dirt status of the translucent window of any detection device monitoring the area and the dirt status of the translucent windows of other detection devices monitoring the same monitoring area. As a result, the system performs processing corresponding to the judgment result (processing to notify the judgment result), so the system monitors the condition of the translucent window, such as normal (non-fouling), signs of staining, and staining. It is possible to appropriately evaluate and notify performance failure conditions (monitoring failure signs, monitoring failure signs).

（防災システムの他の形態による効果）
本発明の別の形態にあっては、受信装置に複数の火災検知装置を接続した防災システムに於いて、火災検知装置は、透光性窓を介して監視エリアからの放射線を受光して電気信号に変換する受光部と、受光部からの電気信号に基づいて、対応する監視エリアにおける火災の有無を判定する火災判定部と、受光部に対応する透光性窓の汚損レベルを検出して、汚損レベルから、透光性窓が所定の汚損予兆状態であると認められる場合に、受信装置に汚損予兆信号を送信し、汚損レベルから、透光性窓が汚損予兆状態よりも汚損が進んだ所定の汚損状態であると認められる場合に、受信装置へ受光部の汚損を示す汚損信号を送信する汚損処理部と、を備え、受信装置は、相互に隣接して配置されて同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する複数の火災検知装置の汚損予兆状態発生有無の関係に基づいて、対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆と判定して、判定結果に対応する処理をする制御部を備えたため、同一の監視エリアを重複して監視している複数の火災検知装置の汚損予兆が例えば所定の全部数に対し所定割合未満の場合は、汚損予兆に達していない火災検知装置による監視エリア全部の監視が保証されていることから、受信装置は対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆として報知せず、監視エリアに対する不必要な監視障害予兆の報知による対応を不要にして本来の監視業務の円滑な遂行を可能とする。 (Effects of other forms of disaster prevention system)
In another form of the present invention, in a disaster prevention system in which a plurality of fire detection devices are connected to a receiving device, the fire detection device receives radiation from a monitoring area through a translucent window and generates electricity. A light receiving section that converts into a signal, a fire determination section that determines whether there is a fire in the corresponding monitoring area based on the electrical signal from the light receiving section, and a fire detection section that detects the level of contamination of the translucent window corresponding to the light receiving section. , if the translucent window is found to be in a predetermined contamination sign state based on the contamination level, a contamination sign signal is sent to the receiving device, and the contamination level indicates that the translucent window is more contaminated than the contamination sign state. a contamination processing section that transmits a contamination signal indicating contamination of the light receiving section to the receiving device when it is recognized that the light receiving section is in a predetermined contamination state; Equipped with a control unit that determines a monitoring failure sign for the corresponding monitoring area based on the relationship between the presence or absence of a contamination sign state of multiple fire detection devices that monitor the area redundantly, and performs processing corresponding to the determination result. If the contamination signs of multiple fire detection devices that are monitoring the same monitoring area redundantly are, for example, less than a predetermined percentage of the total number, then all monitoring areas by fire detection devices that have not reached the contamination sign will be Since monitoring is guaranteed, the receiving device does not notify the corresponding monitoring area as a sign of a monitoring failure, eliminating the need to respond by reporting unnecessary monitoring failure signs to the monitoring area, allowing the original monitoring work to be carried out smoothly. is possible.

また、同一の監視エリアを重複して監視している複数の火災検知装置の汚損予兆が例えば所定の全部数に対し所定割合に達した場合には、複数の火災検知装置による監視エリア全部の監視が保証されなくなることから、この場合には、受信装置は対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆を報知して注意を促し、その後、同一監視エリアを監視する複数の火災検知装置の少なくとも何れかから汚損信号を受信した場合に、同一監視エリアに対する複数の火災検知装置による重複監視の機能が失われたと判断し、監視障害を報知することで、汚損に達した火災検知装置に対する清掃作業を準備して実行することで、適切な対応を可能とする。 In addition, if the number of signs of contamination of multiple fire detection devices redundantly monitoring the same monitoring area reaches a predetermined percentage of the total number, the entire monitoring area will be monitored by the multiple fire detection devices. In this case, the receiving device will alert you to a warning sign of a monitoring failure in the corresponding monitoring area, and then detect contamination from at least one of the multiple fire detection devices monitoring the same monitoring area. When a signal is received, it is determined that the redundant monitoring function of multiple fire detection devices for the same monitoring area has been lost, and by notifying a monitoring failure, preparations are made to clean the fire detection device that has reached the point of contamination. By doing so, you will be able to respond appropriately.

（汚損予兆×汚損予兆＝監視障害予兆による効果）
また、受信装置の制御部は、汚損予兆信号及び汚損信号に基づき、相互に同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する火災検知装置の全てが汚損予兆状態となった場合に、対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆を判定して、判定結果に対応する処理をするようにしたため、トンネル長手方向等に向かって所定間隔に区分された監視エリアを重複して監視する隣接した火災検知装置の何れか一方が汚損予兆となった場合は、汚損予兆に達していない他方の火災検知装置により監視エリア全部の監視が保証されていることから、受信装置は対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆として報知せず、監視エリアに対する不必要な監視障害予兆の報知による対応を不要にして本来の監視業務の円滑な遂行を可能とする。 (Contamination sign x Contamination sign = Effect of monitoring failure sign)
In addition, the control unit of the receiving device controls, based on the contamination sign signal and the contamination signal, when all of the fire detection devices that mutually monitor the same monitoring area redundantly become in the contamination sign state, the control unit of the corresponding monitoring area Since signs of monitoring failure are determined and processing is performed in accordance with the determination results, either one of the adjacent fire detection devices that redundantly monitors the monitoring areas divided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, etc. When a sign of contamination is detected, since the other fire detection device that has not reached the sign of contamination guarantees that the entire monitoring area is monitored, the receiving device does not notify the corresponding monitoring area as a sign of failure. To enable smooth execution of original monitoring work by eliminating the need for responding by reporting unnecessary monitoring failure signs to a monitoring area.

また、両方の火災検知装置による監視エリア全部の重複した監視が保証されなくなり、汚損障害となる可能性が高いことから、この場合には、受信装置は対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆を報知して注意を促す。 In addition, redundant monitoring of the entire monitoring area by both fire detection devices is no longer guaranteed, and there is a high possibility of contamination failure, so in this case, the receiving device will not notify the monitoring failure sign of the corresponding monitoring area. Please be careful.

（汚損×正常／汚損予兆／予兆＝監視障害による効果）
また、受信装置の制御部は、相互に同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する火災検知装置の内の少なくとも一部が汚損状態となった場合に、対応する監視エリアの監視障害と判定して、判定結果に対応する処理をするようにしたため、例えば、同一の監視エリアを重複して監視している火災検知装置の両方が汚損予兆に達して監視障害予兆が報知された後に、何れか一方の火災検知装置が汚損に達した場合に、同一監視エリアに対する隣接した火災検知装置による重複監視の機能が失われたと判断して監視障害を報知することで、汚損に達した火災検知装置に対する清掃作業を準備して実行する適切な対応を可能とする。 (Contamination x normal/contamination sign/prognosis = effect of monitoring failure)
Additionally, if at least a part of the fire detection devices that monitor the same monitoring area redundantly becomes contaminated, the control unit of the receiving device determines that there is a monitoring failure in the corresponding monitoring area. , processing is performed in accordance with the determination result, so for example, after both fire detection devices that are monitoring the same monitoring area redundantly reach a contamination sign and a monitoring failure sign is reported, one of the fire detection devices will be activated. If a fire detection device reaches the level of contamination, it is determined that the function of redundant monitoring by adjacent fire detection devices for the same monitoring area has been lost, and a monitoring failure is reported. Enables appropriate response to prepare and perform work.

（汚損予兆×汚損＝監視障害予兆による効果）
また、受信装置の制御部は、相互に同一の監視エリアを重複して監視する火災検知装置の内の一部が汚損予兆状態で他が汚損状態となった場合に、対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆と判定して、判定結果に対応する処理をするようにしたため、一方が汚損予兆で他方が汚損となることで監視エリアは重複監視できないが、汚損予兆の火災検知装置は監視エリア全部を監視し、また、汚損予兆の火災検知装置は監視エリアの一部を重複して監視しており、このため、ただちに監視障害とせず、この段階では監視障害予兆と評価し、監視エリアの監視障害予兆を報知して注意を促すようにしても良い。 (Contamination sign x contamination = Effect of monitoring failure sign)
In addition, the control unit of the receiving device monitors the corresponding monitoring area when some of the fire detection devices that monitor the same monitoring area redundantly are in a contamination sign state and others are in a contamination state. Since it is determined that it is a failure sign and processing is performed according to the judgment result, the monitoring area cannot be monitored redundantly because one sign is a sign of contamination and the other is a sign of contamination, but the fire detection device for the sign of contamination is able to monitor the entire monitoring area. In addition, the fire detection device for signs of contamination monitors part of the monitoring area redundantly, so it is not immediately recognized as a monitoring failure, but is evaluated as a sign of a monitoring failure at this stage, and the monitoring area is detected as a monitoring failure. It is also possible to alert people to warning signs.

（汚損予兆状態と汚損状態による効果）
また、汚損予兆状態は、当該状態における受光部により監視エリアの全部の監視を可能である汚損レベル範囲として設定され、汚損状態は、当該状態における受光部により監視エリアの一部または全部の監視が不能である汚損レベル範囲として設定されるため、同一監視エリアを重複して監視している複数の火災検知装置の一部が汚損予兆に達しても監視予兆警報を行わず、同一監視エリアを重複して監視している複数の火災検知装置の例えば全てが汚損予兆となったときに、監視エリアの監視障害予兆を報知させ、その後、同一監視エリアを重複して監視している複数の火災検知装置の一部で汚損に達した場合に、監視エリアの監視障害を報知することを可能とする。 (Effects of contamination precursor state and contamination state)
In addition, the contamination precursor state is set as a contamination level range in which the entire monitoring area can be monitored by the light receiving unit in the state, and the contamination state is defined as the contamination level range in which the light receiving unit in the relevant state can monitor part or all of the monitoring area. Since this is set as a contamination level range that is impossible, even if some of the multiple fire detection devices that are monitoring the same monitoring area redundantly reach a contamination warning, the monitoring warning will not be issued and the same monitoring area will be overlapped. For example, if all of the multiple fire detection devices that are monitoring the same monitoring area become a sign of contamination, the monitoring area will be alerted to a warning sign of failure, and then multiple fire detection devices that are monitoring the same monitoring area redundantly will be notified. To make it possible to notify a monitoring failure in a monitoring area when a part of the device is contaminated.

トンネル内の火災監視を例にとって本発明による防災システムの概要を示した説明図An explanatory diagram showing an overview of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention, taking fire monitoring in a tunnel as an example. 火災検知装置により重複監視するトンネル内の監視エリアを示した説明図Explanatory diagram showing the monitoring areas inside the tunnel that are monitored redundantly by fire detection devices 火災検出装置の機能構成の概略を示したブロック図Block diagram showing an overview of the functional configuration of the fire detection device 火災検出装置の外観を示した説明図Explanatory diagram showing the appearance of the fire detection device 防災受信盤の機能構成の概略を示したブロック図Block diagram showing an overview of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention reception panel 防災受信盤に設定された監視障害予兆と監視障害の判定条件を一覧で示した説明図Explanatory diagram showing a list of monitoring failure signs and monitoring failure judgment conditions set on the disaster prevention receiver 防災受信盤による監視制御を示したフローチャートFlowchart showing monitoring control using disaster prevention receiver panel

［防災システムの概要］
図１はトンネルの火災監視を例にとって本発明による防災システムの概要を示した説明図である。図１に示すように、自動車専用道路のトンネルとして、上り線トンネル１ａと下り線トンネル１ｂが構築されている。 [Overview of disaster prevention system]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of a disaster prevention system according to the present invention, taking tunnel fire monitoring as an example. As shown in FIG. 1, an upline tunnel 1a and a downline tunnel 1b are constructed as tunnels for a motorway.

上り線トンネル１ａと下り線トンネル１ｂの内部には、トンネル長手方向の壁面に沿って例えば５０メートル間隔で火災検知装置１６が設置されている。火災検知装置１６は２組の検出部を備えることで、トンネル長手方向上り側および下り側の両方向に監視エリアを持ち、トンネルの長手方向に沿って、隣接して配置される火災検知装置との監視エリアが重複するように連続的に配置される。 Inside the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b, fire detection devices 16 are installed at intervals of, for example, 50 meters along the wall surface in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The fire detection device 16 is equipped with two sets of detection parts, so that it has monitoring areas on both the up and down sides of the tunnel longitudinal direction, and has a monitoring area in both the up and down sides of the tunnel, and is connected to the fire detection device arranged adjacently along the tunnel longitudinal direction. They are arranged consecutively so that the monitoring areas overlap.

受信装置として機能する防災受信盤１０からは上り線トンネル１ａと下り線トンネル１ｂに対し電源および伝送回線１２ａ，１２ｂが引き出されて火災検知装置１６が接続されており、火災検知装置１６には固有のアドレスが所定の並び方向の順に予め設定されている。 A fire detection device 16 is connected to the power supply and transmission lines 12a and 12b connected to the uplink tunnel 1a and the downlink tunnel 1b from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 that functions as a receiving device. addresses are set in advance in a predetermined arrangement direction.

図２は火災検知装置により重複監視するトンネル内の監視エリアを示した説明図であり、図１の上り線トンネル１ａを例にとっている。 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a monitoring area in a tunnel that is redundantly monitored by a fire detection device, and takes the upline tunnel 1a in FIG. 1 as an example.

図２に示すように、上り線トンネル１ａのトンネル側壁に沿って例えば５０メートル間隔で火災検知装置１６が設置されている。これはトンネル内を長手方向に５０メートル間隔の監視エリアＡ₁，Ａ₂，…Ａ_i-1，Ａ_i，Ａ_i+1，・・・に区分けし、境界に火災検知装置１６を設置する。各監視エリアは例えば長手方向５０ｍ×短手方向２０ｍといった大きさになる。 As shown in FIG. 2, fire detection devices 16 are installed along the tunnel side wall of the upline tunnel 1a at intervals of, for example, 50 meters. This divides the inside of the tunnel into monitoring areas A ₁ , A ₂ , ...A _i-1 , A _i , A _i+1 , ... at intervals of 50 meters in the longitudinal direction, and installs a fire detection device 16 at the boundary. . Each monitoring area has a size of, for example, 50 m in the longitudinal direction x 20 m in the transverse direction.

火災検知装置１６には、左右両側の監視エリアを個別に監視する２組の検出部が設けられている。便宜的に、火災検知装置に向かって右側を右眼検出部、左側を左眼検出部とする。例えば、監視エリアＡｉの両端に配置されたｉ番目の火災検知装置１６とｉ＋１番目の火災検知装置１６は、ｉ番目の火災検知装置１６の右眼検出部により監視エリアＡｉを監視し、同時に、ｉ＋１番目の火災検知装置１６の左眼受光部により同じ監視エリアＡｉを重複して監視している。 The fire detection device 16 is provided with two sets of detection units that individually monitor the monitoring areas on both the left and right sides. For convenience, the right side of the fire detection device will be referred to as the right eye detection section, and the left side will be referred to as the left eye detection section. For example, the i-th fire detection device 16 and the i+1-th fire detection device 16 placed at both ends of the monitoring area Ai monitor the monitoring area Ai using the right eye detection unit of the i-th fire detection device 16, and at the same time, The same monitoring area Ai is monitored redundantly by the left eye light receiving section of the i+1th fire detection device 16.

なお、トンネル入口側の最初の監視エリアＡ１は、１番目の火災検知装置１６の左眼検出部による単独監視となる。 Note that the first monitoring area A1 on the tunnel entrance side is solely monitored by the left eye detection unit of the first fire detection device 16.

火災検知装置１６は、監視エリア内で起きた火災による炎からの放射線、例えば赤外線を観測して火災を監視しており、火災を検出した場合、例えば予め設定された固有のアドレスを含む火災信号を防災受信盤１０に送信する。 The fire detection device 16 monitors fires by observing radiation from flames caused by fires that occur within the monitoring area, such as infrared rays, and when a fire is detected, it sends a fire signal containing, for example, a preset unique address. is transmitted to the disaster prevention receiving board 10.

また、火災検知装置１６は右眼および左眼検出部に設けられた透光性窓の汚損を監視しており、汚損レベルが所定の汚損予兆閾値に達した場合に、汚損予兆信号を防災受信盤１０に送信し、汚損レベルが所定の汚損閾値に達した場合に、汚損信号を防災受信盤１０に送信する。 In addition, the fire detection device 16 monitors the staining of the translucent windows provided in the right eye and left eye detection sections, and when the staining level reaches a predetermined staining sign threshold, it receives a staining sign signal for disaster prevention. When the contamination level reaches a predetermined contamination threshold, a contamination signal is transmitted to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

［火災検知装置］
図３は火災検知装置の機能構成の概略を示したブロック図、図４は火災検知装置の外観を示した説明図である。 [Fire detection device]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the fire detection device, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the external appearance of the fire detection device.

図３に示すように、火災検知装置１６は２組の火災検出部１６ａ，１６ｂを備えており、それぞれ右眼検出部、左眼検出部に対応する。火災検出部１６ａに代表して示すように、受光センサを含む受光部３８ａ，３８ｂ、これら各々に対応する増幅処理部４０ａ，４０ｂ、制御部３２及び伝送部３４を備える。受光部３８ａ，３８ｂの前方には検出器カバー（図４の筐体５２）に設けた透光性窓３６を配置しており、透光性窓３６を介して外部の監視エリアからの光エネルギーを受光部３８ａ，３８ｂに入射している。 As shown in FIG. 3, the fire detection device 16 includes two sets of fire detection sections 16a and 16b, which correspond to a right eye detection section and a left eye detection section, respectively. As shown as a representative of the fire detection section 16a, the fire detection section 16a includes light receiving sections 38a and 38b including light receiving sensors, amplification processing sections 40a and 40b corresponding to these sections, a control section 32, and a transmission section 34. A translucent window 36 provided in the detector cover (casing 52 in FIG. 4) is arranged in front of the light receiving sections 38a and 38b, and light energy from the external monitoring area is transmitted through the translucent window 36. is incident on the light receiving sections 38a and 38b.

また、透光性窓３６の汚損を監視するため、試験光源部４２、試験光源用透光窓５６、汚損受光部４４及び増幅部４６で構成する汚損検知部４５が設けられている。 In addition, in order to monitor the staining of the light-transmitting window 36, a stain detection section 45 is provided which includes a test light source section 42, a test light source transparent window 56, a stain light receiving section 44, and an amplifying section 46.

ここで、図４に示すように、火災検知装置１６は、筐体５２の上部に設けられたセンサ収納部５４に２組の透光性窓３６が設けられ、透光性窓３６内の各々に、図３に示した火災検出部１６ａ，１６ｂの受光部が配置されている。また、透光性窓３６の近傍の、受光部を見通せる位置に、個別の試験光源部４２を収納した２組の試験光源用透光窓５６が設けられている。 Here, as shown in FIG. 4, in the fire detection device 16, two sets of translucent windows 36 are provided in the sensor housing section 54 provided at the upper part of the housing 52, and each of the translucent windows 36 is The light receiving parts of the fire detection parts 16a and 16b shown in FIG. 3 are arranged. Further, two sets of test light source light transmitting windows 56 housing individual test light source sections 42 are provided near the light transmitting window 36 at positions where the light receiving section can be seen through.

再び図３を参照するに、火災検出部１６ｂも火災検出部１６ａと同じ構成であるが、制御部３２は両者に共通するユニットとして設けられ、例えばハードウェアとしてＣＰＵ、メモリ、各種の入出力ポート等を備えたコンピュータ回路等が使用される。また、制御部３２にはプログラムの実行により実現される機能として、火災判定部４８と汚損処理部５０が設けられる。 Referring again to FIG. 3, the fire detection section 16b has the same configuration as the fire detection section 16a, but the control section 32 is provided as a unit common to both, and includes, for example, a CPU, memory, and various input/output ports as hardware. A computer circuit, etc., is used. Further, the control unit 32 is provided with a fire determination unit 48 and a stain processing unit 50 as functions realized by executing a program.

火災検出部１６ａは例えば２波長式の炎検知原理により火災を監視している。受光部３８ａは、透光性窓３６を介して入射した光エネルギーの中から、炎に特有なＣＯ₂の共鳴放射帯である波長４．４～４．５μｍの放射線を光学波長バンドパスフィルタにより選択透過させて、受光センサにより該放射線のエネルギーを受光して光電変換したうえで、増幅処理部４０ａにより増幅等所定の加工を施して受光エネルギー量に対応する受光信号にして制御部３２へ出力する。 The fire detection unit 16a monitors fire using, for example, a two-wavelength flame detection principle. The light receiving unit 38a uses an optical wavelength bandpass filter to collect radiation having a wavelength of 4.4 to 4.5 μm, which is a resonance radiation band of CO ₂ peculiar to flames, from the light energy incident through the light-transmitting window 36. After selectively transmitting the radiation, the energy of the radiation is received by the light receiving sensor, photoelectrically converted, and then subjected to predetermined processing such as amplification by the amplification processing section 40a, and outputted to the control section 32 as a received light signal corresponding to the amount of received light energy. do.

受光部３８ｂは、透光性窓３６を介して入射した光エネルギーの中から、波長５～６μｍの放射エネルギーを光学波長バンドパスフィルタにより選択透過させて、受光センサにより該放射線のエネルギーを受光して光電変換したうえで、増幅処理部４０ｂにより増幅等所定の加工を施して受光エネルギー量に対応する受光信号にして制御部３２へ出力する。 The light receiving section 38b selectively transmits radiant energy with a wavelength of 5 to 6 μm out of the light energy incident through the light-transmitting window 36 using an optical wavelength band-pass filter, and receives the energy of the radiation with a light receiving sensor. After photoelectric conversion is performed, the amplification processing section 40b performs predetermined processing such as amplification, and outputs the received light signal to the control section 32 as a received light signal corresponding to the amount of received light energy.

制御部３２に設けられた火災判定部４８は、例えば、増幅処理部４０ａ，４０ｂから出力された受光信号レベルの相対比をとり、所定の閾値と比較することにより炎の有無を判定し、炎有りと判定した場合には、伝送部３４に指示して、防災受信盤１０からの自己アドレスに一致する呼出電文に対する応答電文に火災検出情報を設定して防災受信盤１０へ送信する制御を行う。 The fire determination unit 48 provided in the control unit 32 determines the presence or absence of flame by, for example, taking the relative ratio of the light reception signal levels output from the amplification processing units 40a and 40b and comparing it with a predetermined threshold value. If it is determined that there is, the transmitter 34 is instructed to set fire detection information in a response message to the call message that matches the self-address from the disaster prevention receiver 10 and to send it to the disaster prevention receiver 10. .

試験光源部４２、汚損受光部４４及び増幅部４６で構成した汚損検知部４５は、制御部３２の汚損処理部５０からの指示により所定周期、例えば１日に１回の周期で試験光源部４２を点滅して所定の試験光を発し、透光性窓３６を介して汚損受光部４４に入射しており、この試験光は汚損受光部４４に設けた受光センサで電気信号に変換され、増幅部４６で増幅して制御部３２に、透光性窓３６の汚損度に応じた汚損検出信号が出力される。上記所定周期の制御は火災検出装置内部でおこなっても良いし、防災受信盤１０側で制御して電文による実施指示を受けて実施するものであっても良い。 The contamination detection section 45, which is composed of the test light source section 42, the contamination light receiving section 44, and the amplification section 46, detects the test light source section 42 at a predetermined period, for example, once a day, based on instructions from the contamination processing section 50 of the control section 32. flashes to emit a predetermined test light, which enters the contamination light receiving section 44 through the translucent window 36. This test light is converted into an electrical signal by the light receiving sensor provided in the contamination light receiving section 44, and is amplified. A contamination detection signal corresponding to the degree of contamination of the translucent window 36 is amplified by the section 46 and output to the control section 32 . The above-mentioned control of the predetermined period may be performed inside the fire detection device, or may be controlled on the side of the disaster prevention receiving board 10 and executed in response to an implementation instruction via a telegram.

制御部３２の汚損処理部５０は、増幅部４６からの汚損検出信号に基づく汚損レベルが所定の汚損予兆閾値を超えた場合に、伝送部３４を介して、防災受信盤１０からの自己アドレスに一致する呼出電文に対する応答電文に汚損予兆情報を設定して防災受信盤１０へ送信する制御を行う。 When the contamination level based on the contamination detection signal from the amplification unit 46 exceeds a predetermined contamination sign threshold, the contamination processing unit 50 of the control unit 32 transmits information to the own address from the disaster prevention receiving board 10 via the transmission unit 34. Control is performed to set defacement sign information in a response message to a matching call message and send it to the disaster prevention receiving board 10.

また、制御部３２の汚損処理部５０は、増幅部４６からの汚損検出信号に基づく汚損レベルが、汚損予兆閾値より高い所定の汚損閾値を超えた場合に、伝送部３４を介して、防災受信盤１０からの自己アドレスに一致する呼出電文に対する応答電文に汚損情報を設定して防災受信盤１０へ送信する制御を行う。 Further, when the contamination level based on the contamination detection signal from the amplification unit 46 exceeds a predetermined contamination threshold higher than the contamination precursor threshold, the contamination processing unit 50 of the control unit 32 transmits the disaster prevention reception via the transmission unit 34. Contamination information is set in a response message to a call message that matches the self-address from the panel 10, and control is performed to transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

ここで、制御部３２の汚損処理部５０は、増幅部４６からの汚損検出信号に基づき汚損
度合を示す透光性窓３６の減光率を求め、この減光率を汚損レベルとして汚損予兆及び汚損の判定処理を行う。汚損処理部５０による透光性窓３６の減光率の算出は、透光性窓３６に汚損がない火災監視開始時又は透光性窓３６の清掃終了時の汚損検出信号のレベルを基準レベルＥｒとして予め記憶し、増幅部４６から検出レベルＥの汚損検出信号が得られる毎に、減光率Ｄを
Ｄ＝１－（Ｅ／Ｅｒ）
として算出する。 Here, the contamination processing unit 50 of the control unit 32 determines the light attenuation rate of the translucent window 36 indicating the degree of contamination based on the contamination detection signal from the amplification unit 46, and uses this light attenuation rate as the contamination level to detect contamination signs and Performs contamination determination processing. Calculation of the light attenuation rate of the translucent window 36 by the contamination processing unit 50 uses the level of the contamination detection signal at the start of fire monitoring when the translucent window 36 is not soiled or at the end of cleaning of the translucent window 36 as a reference level. Each time a contamination detection signal of detection level E is obtained from the amplifying section 46, the light attenuation rate D is stored as Er in advance as D=1-(E/Er).
Calculated as

このようにして算出される減光率Ｄは、透光性窓３６の汚損度合の増加に比例して増加する値であり、以下の説明では、減光率を汚損レベルとして説明する。 The light attenuation rate D calculated in this manner is a value that increases in proportion to the increase in the degree of contamination of the translucent window 36, and in the following explanation, the light attenuation rate will be explained as a contamination level.

また、汚損処理部５０で汚損予兆の判定に使用する汚損予兆閾値は、透光性窓３６が汚れているものの、受光部３８ａ，３８ｂによる監視エリアの全部の監視が引き続き可能である所定の第１の汚損レベル、例えば減光率７５パーセントに設定される。 In addition, the contamination sign threshold used by the contamination processing unit 50 to determine a contamination sign is a predetermined threshold value at which the light receiving units 38a and 38b can continue to monitor the entire monitoring area even though the translucent window 36 is dirty. 1 contamination level, for example, a light attenuation rate of 75 percent.

更に、汚損処理部５０で汚損の判定に使用する汚損閾値は、受光部による監視エリアの一部または全部が監視できなくなる所定の第２の汚損レベル、例えば減光率８５パーセントに設定される。 Furthermore, the contamination threshold value used by the contamination processing section 50 to determine contamination is set to a predetermined second contamination level, such as a light attenuation rate of 85 percent, at which part or all of the monitoring area cannot be monitored by the light receiving section.

［防災受信盤］
図５は防災受信盤の機能構成の概略を示したブロック図である。図５に示すように、防災受信盤１０は制御部１８を備え、制御部１８は例えばプログラムの実行により実現される機能であり、ハードウェアとしてはＣＰＵ、メモリ、各種の入出力ポート等を備えたコンピュータ回路等を使用する。 [Disaster prevention receiver]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram schematically showing the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiver. As shown in FIG. 5, the disaster prevention reception board 10 includes a control unit 18, and the control unit 18 has a function realized by executing a program, for example, and includes a CPU, memory, various input/output ports, etc. as hardware. Uses computer circuits etc.

制御部１８に対しては伝送部２０ａ，２０ｂが設けられ、伝送部２０ａ，２０ｂから引き出された伝送回線１２ａ，１２ｂに上り線トンネル１ａと下り線トンネル１ｂに設置された火災検知装置１６をそれぞれ複数台接続している。 Transmission units 20a and 20b are provided for the control unit 18, and fire detection devices 16 installed in the uplink tunnel 1a and the downlink tunnel 1b are connected to transmission lines 12a and 12b drawn out from the transmission units 20a and 20b, respectively. Multiple devices are connected.

また、制御部１８に対しスピーカ、警報表示灯等を備えた警報部２２、液晶ディスプレイ、プリンタ等を備えた表示部２４、各種スイッチ等を備えた操作部２６、外部監視設備と通信するＩＧ子局設備を接続するモデム２８が設けられ、更に、換気設備、警報表示板設備、ラジオ再放送設備、カメラ監視設備、照明設備及び消火ポンプ設備等を接続したＩＯ部３０が設けられている。 In addition, for the control unit 18, an alarm unit 22 equipped with a speaker, an alarm indicator light, etc., a display unit 24 equipped with a liquid crystal display, a printer, etc., an operation unit 26 equipped with various switches, etc., and an IG terminal that communicates with external monitoring equipment. A modem 28 is provided to connect station equipment, and an IO section 30 is further provided to which ventilation equipment, alarm display board equipment, radio rebroadcast equipment, camera monitoring equipment, lighting equipment, fire pump equipment, etc. are connected.

防災受信盤１０の制御部１８は、伝送部２０ａ，２０ｂに指示して火災検知装置１６のアドレスを順次指定したポーリングコマンドを含む呼出電文を繰り返し送信しており、火災検知装置１６は自己アドレスに一致する呼出電文を受信すると、火災、汚損予兆、汚損等の情報を含む自己の検出状態を示す応答電文を返信する。 The control unit 18 of the disaster prevention receiver 10 instructs the transmission units 20a and 20b to repeatedly transmit a paging message containing a polling command that sequentially specifies the address of the fire detection device 16, and the fire detection device 16 sends a call message to its own address. When a matching call message is received, a response message indicating the self-detection state including information such as fire, signs of deterioration, defacement, etc. is sent back.

防災受信盤１０の制御部１８は、火災検知装置１６からの応答電文の受信により火災を検出した場合は警報部２２に指示して火災警報を出力させると共にＩＯ部３０に指示して他設備に連動制御を行なわせる。 When the control unit 18 of the disaster prevention reception panel 10 detects a fire by receiving a response message from the fire detection device 16, it instructs the alarm unit 22 to output a fire alarm, and also instructs the IO unit 30 to output a fire alarm. Perform interlock control.

［防災受信盤による監視障害予兆と監視障害の報知］
防災受信盤１０の制御部１８は、火災検知装置１６から受信した応答電文に設定された汚損予兆情報と汚損情報に基づき、隣接する火災検知装置１６により重複して監視している監視エリアの監視障害予兆と監視障害を判断して報知する機能を備える。以下の説明では、汚損予兆情報が設定された応答電文を汚損予兆信号といい、汚損情報が設定された応答電文を汚損信号という。 [Monitoring failure sign and monitoring failure notification by disaster prevention receiver]
The control unit 18 of the disaster prevention receiver 10 monitors the monitoring area that is redundantly monitored by the adjacent fire detection device 16 based on the defacement sign information and defacement information set in the response message received from the fire detection device 16. Equipped with a function to judge and notify failure signs and monitoring failures. In the following description, a response message in which contamination sign information is set is referred to as a contamination sign signal, and a response message in which contamination information is set is referred to as a contamination signal.

（監視障害予兆の報知）
防災受信盤１０の制御部１８は、火災検知装置１６から受信した汚損予兆信号に基づき、任意の同一監視エリアを監視する複数の火災検知装置１６の全部数に対し、汚損予兆にあるものの数が、所定の割合として設定された所定の閾値に達した場合に、対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆を報知する。 (Notification of signs of monitoring failure)
The control unit 18 of the disaster prevention receiver 10 determines, based on the contamination sign signal received from the fire detection device 16, the number of contamination sign signals with respect to the total number of fire detection devices 16 monitoring the same arbitrary monitoring area. , when a predetermined threshold value set as a predetermined ratio is reached, a monitoring failure sign for the corresponding monitoring area is notified.

本実施形態では、図２に示したように、同一監視エリアを隣接した火災検知装置１６で重複して監視していることから、同一監視エリアを監視する複数の火災検知装置１６の全部数は２であり、制御部１８は、汚損予兆状態にある火災検知装置１６の数が、所定の割合として設定された所定の閾値を超えた場合、例えば所定の閾値として設定された５０パーセントを超えて２台の火災検知装置１６が汚損予兆となった場合、対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆を報知させる。 In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, since the same monitoring area is redundantly monitored by adjacent fire detection devices 16, the total number of multiple fire detection devices 16 monitoring the same monitoring area is 2, and the control unit 18 controls the number of fire detection devices 16 that are in a state of sign of contamination exceeding a predetermined threshold set as a predetermined percentage, for example, exceeding 50% set as a predetermined threshold. When two fire detection devices 16 become a sign of contamination, a sign of monitoring failure in the corresponding monitoring area is notified.

例えば図２の監視エリアＡｉを例にとると、監視エリアＡｉに隣接して配置されたｉ番目とｉ＋１番目の２台の火災検知装置１６について、何れか一方が汚損予兆となっても、他方の火災検知装置１６が汚損予兆状態に至っていないことから、この段階で制御部１８は、監視障害予兆の報知は行わない。 For example, taking the monitoring area Ai in FIG. 2 as an example, if one of the two fire detection devices 16, the i-th and i+1-th fire detection devices 16 placed adjacent to the monitoring area Ai, becomes a sign of contamination, the other Since the fire detection device 16 has not yet reached the contamination sign state, the control unit 18 does not notify the monitoring failure sign at this stage.

これに対し監視エリアＡｉに隣接して配置されたｉ番目とｉ＋１番目の２台の火災検知装置１６の両方が汚損予兆状態となった場合には、監視エリアＡｉの全域を監視するという本来の機能が間もなく損なわれる可能性があることから、制御部１８は監視エリアＡｉについて監視障害予兆を報知することになる。 On the other hand, if both of the i-th and i+1-th fire detection devices 16 placed adjacent to the monitoring area Ai are in a state of signs of contamination, the original function of monitoring the entire monitoring area Ai is Since there is a possibility that the function will be impaired soon, the control unit 18 will notify the monitoring failure sign for the monitoring area Ai.

制御部１８による監視障害予兆の報知は、警報部２２に指示して監視障害予兆を示す音声メッセージや警報音等を出力させると共に、表示部２４に指示して液晶ディスプレイに、監視エリアに対応して監視障害予兆が発生したことを表示させる。 The control unit 18 notifies the monitoring failure sign by instructing the alarm unit 22 to output a voice message, alarm sound, etc. indicating the monitoring failure sign, and by instructing the display unit 24 to display a message on the liquid crystal display corresponding to the monitoring area. to display that a monitoring failure sign has occurred.

（監視障害の報知）
防災受信盤１０の制御部１８は、火災検知装置１６から汚損信号を受信した場合は、状況に応じ、対応する監視エリアの監視障害を報知する。 (Notification of monitoring failure)
When the control unit 18 of the disaster prevention receiver 10 receives a pollution signal from the fire detection device 16, it reports a monitoring failure in the corresponding monitoring area depending on the situation.

本実施形態では、図２に示したように、同一監視エリアを隣接した火災検知装置１６で重複して監視しており、汚損に先立ち隣接した火災検知装置１６の両方が汚損予兆となることで防災受信盤１０の制御部１８は監視障害予兆を報知しており、その後、監視障害予兆が報知されている監視エリアに隣接した火災検知装置１６の少なくとも何れか一方から汚損信号を受信した場合に、その監視エリアに対応した監視障害を報知することになる。 In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the same monitoring area is redundantly monitored by adjacent fire detection devices 16, and both adjacent fire detection devices 16 can detect contamination as a sign of contamination. The control unit 18 of the disaster prevention receiver 10 notifies the monitoring failure sign, and then, when receiving a contamination signal from at least one of the fire detection devices 16 adjacent to the monitoring area where the monitoring failure sign has been reported, , a monitoring failure corresponding to that monitoring area will be notified.

（監視障害予兆と監視障害の判定条件）
図６は防災受信盤に設定された監視障害予兆と監視障害の判定条件を一覧で例示した説明図であり、図２に示した監視エリアＡｉの判定条件を例にとっている。 (Monitoring failure signs and monitoring failure judgment conditions)
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a list of monitoring failure signs and monitoring failure determination conditions set in the disaster prevention receiver, and takes as an example the determination conditions for the monitoring area Ai shown in FIG. 2.

監視エリアＡｉを監視しているのはｉ番目の火災検出装置１６の右眼側火災検出部とｉ＋１番目の火災検出装置１６の左眼火災検出部であるが、ここでは右眼、左眼を省略して説明する。 Monitoring area Ai is monitored by the right eye fire detection unit of the i-th fire detection device 16 and the left eye fire detection unit of the i+1th fire detection device 16, but here, the right eye and left eye fire detection units are monitored. The explanation will be omitted.

図６に示すように、監視エリアＡｉに対しては、隣接してｉ番目とｉ＋１番目の火災検知装置１６が配置されて監視エリアＡｉを重複して監視している。 As shown in FIG. 6, the i-th and i+1-th fire detection devices 16 are arranged adjacent to the monitoring area Ai, and monitor the monitoring area Ai overlappingly.

モード１は隣接したこれら２台の火災検知装置１６の汚損レベルが双方とも汚損予兆閾
値に達しない正常な状態であり、この場合警報報知は行われない。 Mode 1 is a normal state in which the contamination levels of these two adjacent fire detection devices 16 do not reach the contamination precursor threshold, and in this case, no alarm is issued.

モード２，３は、隣接した２台の火災検知装置１６の何れか一方が汚損予兆となった場合であり、汚損予兆となっていない火災検知装置１６による監視エリアＡｉの全部監視が行われていることから、警報報知は行われない。 Modes 2 and 3 are for cases where one of the two adjacent fire detection devices 16 has become a sign of contamination, and the entire monitoring area Ai is being monitored by the fire detection device 16 that has not become a sign of contamination. Because of this, no warning will be issued.

モード４は、隣接した火災検知装置１６の両方が汚損予兆となった場合であり、追って何れか一方または両方の火災検知装置１６が汚損状態に移行すると、監視エリアＡｉ全部の重複監視の機能が失われることになるので、監視エリアＡｉの監視障害予兆が報知される。 Mode 4 is a case where both adjacent fire detection devices 16 have signs of contamination, and if one or both of the fire detection devices 16 later transitions to a contamination state, the redundant monitoring function of the entire monitoring area Ai is disabled. Since the data will be lost, a sign of a monitoring failure in the monitoring area Ai is notified.

モード５，６は、隣接した火災検知装置１６の両方が汚損予兆となって監視障害予兆が報知された後に、何れか一方の火災検知装置１６が汚損状態となった場合であり、監視エリアＡｉの中に重複監視できない部分が生じていることから、監視エリアＡｉの監視障害が報知される。 Modes 5 and 6 are cases in which either one of the fire detection devices 16 becomes contaminated after both adjacent fire detection devices 16 become contaminated and a monitoring failure sign is reported, and the monitoring area Ai Since there is a portion in which redundant monitoring cannot be performed, a monitoring failure in the monitoring area Ai is notified.

モード７，８は、隣接した火災検知装置１６の一方が正常で他方が汚損となった場合であり、正常な火災検知装置１６により監視エリアＡｉの全部監視は行われているが、監視エリア全部の重複した監視機能が失われていることから、監視エリアＡｉの監視障害が報知される。 Modes 7 and 8 are when one of the adjacent fire detection devices 16 is normal and the other is contaminated, and the normal fire detection device 16 is monitoring the entire monitoring area Ai, but the monitoring area Since the redundant monitoring function of the area Ai is lost, a monitoring failure of the monitoring area Ai is notified.

モード９は、隣接した火災検知装置１６の両方が汚損となった場合であり、監視エリアＡｉの中に監視できない部分が生じていることから、監視エリアＡｉの監視障害が報知される。 Mode 9 is a case where both adjacent fire detection devices 16 are contaminated, and since there is a portion of the monitoring area Ai that cannot be monitored, a monitoring failure of the monitoring area Ai is notified.

このような監視障害予兆と監視障害の判定条件は、隣接配置された火災検知装置１６により重複監視されている他の監視エリアについても同様となる。 The conditions for determining a monitoring failure sign and a monitoring failure are the same for other monitoring areas that are redundantly monitored by the adjacent fire detection devices 16.

一方、トンネルの入口及び出口の監視エリア、例えば図２の監視エリアＡ１にあっては、１番目の火災検知装置１６のみの監視であり、防災受信盤１０の制御部１８は、火災検知装置１６が汚損予想状態となった場合に、監視エリアＡ１の監視障害予兆を報知し、また、火災検知装置１６が汚損となった場合に、監視障害を報知する。 On the other hand, in the monitoring area at the entrance and exit of the tunnel, for example, the monitoring area A1 in FIG. If the fire detection device 16 becomes contaminated, a sign of a monitoring failure in the monitoring area A1 is reported, and if the fire detection device 16 becomes contaminated, a monitoring failure is reported.

なお、図６のモード５，６は、一方の火災検知装置が汚損予兆で他方の火災検知装置が汚損となっているが、この場合の警報を、図示の監視障害とせずに、監視障害予兆としても良い。このとき、汚損予兆の火災検知装置は監視エリア全部を監視しており、また、汚損予兆の火災検知装置は監視エリアの一部を重複して監視しており、このため、ただちに監視障害とせず、この段階では監視障害予兆と評価し、監視エリアの監視障害予兆を報知して注意を促すようにしても良い。その他、図６のモード７、８を監視障害予兆として扱うなどの変形例も採用しうる。 In addition, in modes 5 and 6 of FIG. 6, one fire detection device has a sign of contamination and the other fire detection device has a sign of contamination, but the alarm in this case is not treated as a monitoring failure as shown in the figure, but as a sign of a monitoring failure. It's good as well. At this time, the fire detection device for contamination signs is monitoring the entire monitoring area, and the fire detection device for contamination signs is monitoring a part of the monitoring area redundantly, so it is not immediately recognized as a monitoring failure. At this stage, it may be evaluated as a sign of a monitoring failure, and a warning may be given by notifying the sign of a monitoring failure in the monitoring area. Other modifications may also be adopted, such as treating modes 7 and 8 in FIG. 6 as monitoring failure signs.

また、監視障害予兆をその監視エリアの汚損予兆として、監視障害をその監視エリアの汚損として警報するようにしても良い。 Further, a warning may be issued as a sign of a monitoring failure as a sign of contamination of the monitoring area, and a warning as a sign of a monitoring failure as a sign of contamination of the monitoring area.

（防災受信盤の制御動作）
図７は図５の防災受信盤１０による監視制御を例示したフローチャートであり、防災受信盤１０に設けられた制御部１８の制御動作となる。 (Disaster prevention receiver control operation)
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the monitoring control by the disaster prevention receiver 10 of FIG. 5, and is the control operation of the control unit 18 provided in the disaster prevention receiver 10.

図７に示すように、防災受信盤１０の制御部１８は、ステップＳ１でトンネル内に設置された火災検知装置１６に対する呼出電文に対する応答電文を受信して火災の有無を監視しており、受信した応答電文から火災情報を検出すると、警報部２２に指示して火災警報を出力させると共にＩＯ部３０に指示して他設備の連動制御を行なわせる。 As shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 18 of the disaster prevention receiving board 10 receives a response message to the call message for the fire detection device 16 installed in the tunnel in step S1 and monitors the presence or absence of a fire. When fire information is detected from the response message, it instructs the alarm unit 22 to output a fire alarm and instructs the IO unit 30 to perform interlock control of other equipment.

ステップＳ１の火災監視処理に続き、制御部１８はステップＳ２で火災検知装置１６からの汚損予兆信号の受信を判別するとステップＳ３に進み、汚損予兆信号に設定されている火災検知装置１６のアドレスからその監視エリアを判定し、判定した監視エリアに対応したメモリの状態格納領域に汚損予兆を設定し、続いて、ステップＳ４で汚損予兆を設定した状態格納領域を重複監視している火災検出装置１６の火災検出部（透光性窓３６）が汚損予兆状態であるか否か、即ち、監視エリアに隣接した火災検知装置１６の、対応する火災検出部の両方が汚損予兆か否か判別する。 Following the fire monitoring process in step S1, when the control unit 18 determines in step S2 that a contamination sign signal has been received from the fire detection device 16, the control unit 18 proceeds to step S3, and starts from the address of the fire detection device 16 set in the contamination sign signal. The fire detection device 16 determines the monitoring area, sets a contamination sign in the state storage area of the memory corresponding to the determined monitoring area, and then redundantly monitors the status storage area in which the contamination sign is set in step S4. It is determined whether or not the fire detection unit (light-transmitting window 36) is in a contamination sign state, that is, whether both of the corresponding fire detection units of the fire detection device 16 adjacent to the monitoring area are in a contamination sign state.

ここで、汚損予兆信号には汚損予兆情報として、あるいはそれとは別に、汚損予兆状態となった火災検出部（右眼、左眼）の別が付されている。汚損信号についても同様である。 Here, the contamination sign signal includes, as contamination sign information or separately, the type of fire detection unit (right eye, left eye) that has entered the contamination sign state. The same applies to contaminated signals.

ステップＳ４で制御部１８が当該監視エリアを重複監視している火災検出装置１６の火災検出部（透光性窓３６）が汚損予兆状態にあることを判別するとステップＳ５に進み、当該監視エリアの監視障害予兆を報知させる。 In step S4, when the control unit 18 determines that the fire detection unit (translucent window 36) of the fire detection device 16 that is redundantly monitoring the monitoring area is in a contamination sign state, the process proceeds to step S5, Alerts you of signs of monitoring failure.

続いて、ステップＳ６に進み、制御部１８は火災検知装置１６からの汚損信号の受信を判別すると、ステップＳ７に進み、対応する監視エリアの監視障害を報知させる。 Next, the process proceeds to step S6, and when the control unit 18 determines that a contamination signal has been received from the fire detection device 16, the process proceeds to step S7, and a monitoring failure in the corresponding monitoring area is notified.

また、制御部１８は、ステップＳ２で汚損予兆信号の受信を判別しなかった場合にもステップＳ６に進み、汚損信号の受信の有無を判別している。 Further, even if it is not determined in step S2 whether a contamination sign signal has been received, the control unit 18 proceeds to step S6 and determines whether or not a contamination signal has been received.

［本発明の変形例］
（火災検知装置）
上記の実施形態は２波長方式の火災検知装置を例にとっているが、これに限定されず、他の方式でも良い。例えば、前述した２波長に加え、例えば、３．８μｍ付近の波長帯域における放射線エネルギーを他の波長と同様の手法で検出し、これらの３波長帯域における各受光信号の相対比によって炎の有無を判定する３波長式の炎検出器としても良い。 [Modification of the present invention]
(Fire detection device)
Although the above embodiment takes a two-wavelength type fire detection device as an example, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types may be used. For example, in addition to the two wavelengths mentioned above, radiation energy in a wavelength band around 3.8 μm, for example, can be detected using the same method as for other wavelengths, and the presence or absence of flame can be determined based on the relative ratio of each received light signal in these three wavelength bands. A three-wavelength flame detector may be used for the determination.

（汚損予兆と汚損の報知）
上記の実施形態は、監視エリアに隣接した火災検知装置から受信した汚損予兆信号と汚損信号に基づき、防災受信盤で、対応する監視エリアの監視障害予兆と監視障害を報知しているが、これに限定されない。例えば、監視エリアの監視障害予兆と監視障害に連携して、監視エリアに隣接配置された火災検知装置の汚損予兆と汚損を個別に報知するようにしても良い。 (Signs of contamination and notification of contamination)
In the above embodiment, the disaster prevention reception panel notifies the monitoring failure sign and monitoring failure of the corresponding monitoring area based on the contamination sign signal and the pollution signal received from the fire detection device adjacent to the monitoring area. but not limited to. For example, a contamination sign and a contamination of a fire detection device placed adjacent to the monitoring area may be separately notified in conjunction with the monitoring failure sign and the monitoring failure in the monitoring area.

（汚損以外の要因による障害状況の報知）
上記の実施形態は、正常（非汚損）、汚損予兆、汚損といった透光性窓の汚損の状況に応じて、システム上の監視性能上の障害状況（監視障害予兆、監視障害）を評価して処理する防災システムを例にとっているが、更に、火災検知装置の回路故障（無信号や無応答、回路故障など）を汚損と同じに扱うことで、システム上の監視性能上の障害状況（監視障害予兆、監視障害）を評価して処理する防災システムとしても良い。 (Notification of failure status due to factors other than contamination)
The above embodiment evaluates the failure status (monitoring failure sign, monitoring failure) in the monitoring performance on the system according to the staining status of the translucent window, such as normal (non-fouling), staining sign, and staining. We are taking a fire detection system as an example, but by treating circuit failures of fire detection equipment (no signal, no response, circuit failures, etc.) in the same way as contamination, it is possible to It may also be used as a disaster prevention system that evaluates and processes warning signs and monitoring failures.

（その他）
また本発明は、その目的と利点を損なわない適宜の変形を含み、更に上記の実施形態に示した数値による限定は受けない。 (others)
Further, the present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair its objects and advantages, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above embodiments.

１ａ：上り線トンネル
１ｂ：下り線トンネル
１０：防災受信盤
１２ａ，１２ｂ：伝送回線
１６：火災検知装置
１６ａ，１６ｂ：火災検出部
１８，３２：制御部
２０ａ，２０ｂ，３４：伝送部
３６：透光性窓
３８ａ，３８ｂ：受光部
４０ａ，４０ｂ：増幅処理部
４２：試験光源部
４４：汚損受光部
４５：汚損検知部
４６：増幅部
４８：火災判定部
５０：汚損処理部 1a: Up line tunnel 1b: Down line tunnel 10: Disaster prevention receiving panels 12a, 12b: Transmission line 16: Fire detection devices 16a, 16b: Fire detection units 18, 32: Control units 20a, 20b, 34: Transmission unit 36: Optical windows 38a, 38b: Light receiving sections 40a, 40b: Amplification processing section 42: Test light source section 44: Contamination light receiving section 45: Contamination detection section 46: Amplification section 48: Fire determination section 50: Contamination processing section

Claims

A disaster prevention system in which a plurality of fire detection devices are connected to a receiving device,
The fire detection device includes:
a light receiving unit that receives radiation from the monitoring area through a translucent window and converts it into an electrical signal;
a fire determination unit that transmits fire detection information to the receiving device when a fire is detected in the corresponding monitoring area based on the electrical signal from the light receiving unit;
a contamination processing unit that detects a contamination level of the translucent window corresponding to the light receiving unit and transmits a signal regarding the contamination status to the receiving device based on the contamination level;
Equipped with
The receiving device includes:
Information indicating the contamination status is acquired from each of the plurality of fire detection devices, and based on the acquired information indicating the contamination status of the plurality of fire detection devices, the contamination status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is determined. is in a predetermined contamination state, is in a contamination precursor state recognized as a precursor to the contamination state, or is in a normal state that is neither the contamination state nor the contamination precursor state;
Based on the combination of states determined for each of the plurality of fire detection devices that mutually monitor the same monitoring area redundantly among the plurality of fire detection devices, a monitoring failure sign or monitoring failure of the corresponding monitoring area is determined. A disaster prevention system that is characterized by:

A disaster prevention system in which a plurality of fire detection devices are connected to a receiving device,
The fire detection device includes:
a light receiving unit that receives radiation from the monitoring area through a translucent window and converts it into an electrical signal;
a fire determination unit that transmits fire detection information to the receiving device when a fire is detected in the corresponding monitoring area based on the electrical signal from the light receiving unit;
a contamination processing unit that detects a contamination level of the translucent window corresponding to the light receiving unit and transmits a signal regarding the contamination status to the receiving device based on the contamination level;
Equipped with
The receiving device includes:
Information indicating the contamination status is acquired from each of the plurality of fire detection devices, and based on the acquired information indicating the contamination status of the plurality of fire detection devices, the contamination status of each of the plurality of fire detection devices is determined. is in a predetermined contamination state, is in a contamination precursor state recognized as a precursor to the contamination state, or is in a normal state that is neither the contamination state nor the contamination precursor state;
Based on the transition of the combination of states determined for each of the plurality of fire detection devices that mutually monitor the same monitoring area redundantly among the plurality of fire detection devices, a monitoring failure sign or a monitoring failure in the corresponding monitoring area is detected. A disaster prevention system characterized by determining.