JP7427797B2 - 六方晶構造の支持体に触媒金属が担持された触媒およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
六方晶構造の支持体に触媒金属が担持された触媒およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7427797B2 JP7427797B2 JP2022547029A JP2022547029A JP7427797B2 JP 7427797 B2 JP7427797 B2 JP 7427797B2 JP 2022547029 A JP2022547029 A JP 2022547029A JP 2022547029 A JP2022547029 A JP 2022547029A JP 7427797 B2 JP7427797 B2 JP 7427797B2
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 112
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 64
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 64
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002074 nanoribbon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021428 silicene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBANFLSTOJPTFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;boron Chemical compound [B].N JBANFLSTOJPTFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
2NH3⇔3H2+N2△H=46kJ/mol
支持体である六方晶窒化ホウ素を準備した。前記支持体にルテニウム前駆体であるRu3CO12とテトラヒドロフラン(Tetrahydrofuran)の混合物を含浸させ、約40~80℃で約12時間乾燥した。乾燥した結果物を空気雰囲気で約3時間の間、200~700℃で熱処理して触媒を得た。前記触媒はルテニウムを1重量%含むように製造した。
乾燥した結果物を不活性気体であるアルゴンガス雰囲気で熱処理したことを除いては前記実施例1と同一にして触媒を製造した。
乾燥した結果物を真空雰囲気で熱処理したことを除いては前記実施例1と同一にして触媒を製造した。
支持体として六方晶窒化ホウ素の代わりにシリカ(SiO2)を使用し、ルテニウムの担持量を1.5重量%に増やしたことを除いては前記実施例と同一の工程を遂行して触媒を製造した。
支持体として六方晶窒化ホウ素の代わりにAl2O3を使ったことを除いては前記実施例と同一の工程を遂行して触媒を製造した。
前記実施例1に係る触媒に対してX線回折分析(X-ray diffraction)を実施した。その結果は図1の通りである。これを参照すると、六方晶窒化ホウ素とルテニウムのピークがすべて観察されるので、ルテニウムが支持体である六方晶窒化ホウ素上に正しく担持されたことが分かる。
実施例1、実施例2、比較例1および比較例2に係る触媒を使ってアンモニア脱水素化反応を進行させ、その転換率を測定した。
前記実施例1、実施例2および実施例3に係る触媒に対するTEM(Transmission electron microscope)分析を遂行した。その結果はそれぞれ図3a、図3bおよび図3cの通りである。
前記実験例2でアンモニア転換率を測定した結果に基づいて、実施例に係る触媒のTOFを450℃条件で計算した。その結果は下記の表1の通りである。
Claims (19)
- 六方晶構造の単結晶性物質を含む支持体;および
前記支持体上に担持された触媒金属;を含む、アンモニア脱水素化反応またはアンモニア合成反応に使われる触媒であって、
前記触媒金属はロッド(Rod)状の粒子を含むかまたは六角形(Hexagonal)粒子、球状(Sphere)粒子および半球状(Semi-sphere)粒子からなる群から選択されたいずれか一つ以上の粒子を含み、前記触媒の全体重量を基準として0.01重量%~3重量%の含量で担持されたものである、触媒。 - 前記単結晶性物質は、六方晶窒化ホウ素(Hexagonal boron nitride、h-BN)、窒化ホウ素ナノチューブ(Boron nitride nanotube、BNNTs)、窒化ホウ素ナノリボン(Boron nitride nanoribbons、BNNRs)、窒化ホウ素ナノシート(Boron nitride nanosheet)からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒金属はルテニウム(Ru)、ニッケル(Ni)、ロジウム(Rh)、イリジウム(Ir)、コバルト(Co)、鉄(Fe)、白金(Pt)、クロム(Cr)、パラジウム(Pd)および銅(Cu)からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含む、請求項2に記載の触媒。
- 前記単結晶性物質は六方晶窒化ホウ素(Hexagonal boron nitride、h-BN)を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒金属はルテニウム(Ru)を含む、請求項4に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒金属はロッド(Rod)状の粒子を含み、前記ロッド状の粒子は長さが10nm~80nmであり、アスペクト比(Aspect ratio)が1.2~20であるものである、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒金属は六角形(Hexagonal)粒子、球状(Sphere)粒子および半球状(Semi-sphere)粒子からなる群から選択されたいずれか一つ以上の粒子を含み、前記粒子は直径が2nm~40nmのものである、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒を利用した反応の転換頻度(TOF:Turnover frequency)が7,500h-1以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒は、アンモニア脱水素化反応に使われるものである、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒は、アンモニア合成反応に使われるものである、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 六方晶構造の単結晶性物質を含む支持体に触媒金属前駆体溶液を含浸させる段階;
含浸された結果物を乾燥する段階;および
乾燥した結果物を空気雰囲気または真空雰囲気で熱処理して前記支持体上に触媒金属が担持された触媒を得る段階;を含み、
前記乾燥した結果物を空気雰囲気または真空雰囲気で熱処理して前記触媒金属の形態および大きさのうち少なくともいずれか一つを調節することを特徴とする、触媒の製造方法。 - 前記単結晶性物質は、六方晶窒化ホウ素(Hexagonal boron nitride、h-BN)、窒化ホウ素ナノチューブ(Boron nitride nanotube、BNNTs)、窒化ホウ素ナノリボン(Boron nitride nanoribbons、BNNRs)、窒化ホウ素ナノシート(Boron nitride nanosheet)からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含む、請求項11に記載の触媒の製造方法。
- 前記触媒金属はルテニウム(Ru)、ニッケル(Ni)、ロジウム(Rh)、イリジウム(Ir)、コバルト(Co)、鉄(Fe)、白金(Pt)、クロム(Cr)、パラジウム(Pd)および銅(Cu)からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含む、請求項11に記載の触媒の製造方法。
- 前記触媒金属は触媒の全体重量を基準として0.1重量%~3重量%の含量で担持されたものである、請求項11に記載の触媒の製造方法。
- 前記乾燥した結果物を200℃~700℃で熱処理する、請求項11に記載の触媒の製造方法。
- 前記乾燥した結果物を空気雰囲気で熱処理して前記触媒金属をロッド(Rod)状の粒子に形成し、
前記ロッド状の粒子は長さが10nm~80nmであり、アスペクト比(Aspect ratio)が1.2~20であるものである、請求項11に記載の触媒の製造方法。 - 前記乾燥した結果物を真空雰囲気で熱処理して、前記触媒金属を六角形(Hexagonal)、球状(Sphere)、半球状(Semi-sphere)からなる群から選択されたいずれか一つ以上の形態の粒子に形成し、
前記粒子は直径が2nm~40nmのものである、請求項11に記載の触媒の製造方法。 - 前記乾燥した結果物を真空雰囲気で熱処理して、前記触媒金属をエピタキシャル(Epitaxial)成長させることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の触媒の製造方法。
- 前記触媒を利用した反応の転換頻度(TOF:Turnover frequency)が7,500h-1以上であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の触媒の製造方法。
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