JP7425038B2 - 長鎖ポリアミドに基づく発泡体材料の粒子 - Google Patents
長鎖ポリアミドに基づく発泡体材料の粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7425038B2 JP7425038B2 JP2021502880A JP2021502880A JP7425038B2 JP 7425038 B2 JP7425038 B2 JP 7425038B2 JP 2021502880 A JP2021502880 A JP 2021502880A JP 2021502880 A JP2021502880 A JP 2021502880A JP 7425038 B2 JP7425038 B2 JP 7425038B2
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- 150000003950 cyclic amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WMWXXXSCZVGQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] WMWXXXSCZVGQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000447 dimerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- HGWBUDJZNFJMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCN.NCCCCCCCCCCCCN HGWBUDJZNFJMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012765 fibrous filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWSKHLMYTZNYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,7-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCN PWSKHLMYTZNYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEUHNWODXVYLFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O.OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O XEUHNWODXVYLFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,9-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCN SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBWJEYRHXACLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O WPBWJEYRHXACLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWHMVKPVFOOAMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O.OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TWHMVKPVFOOAMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXHCOXPZCUFAJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HXHCOXPZCUFAJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HHJJPFYGIRKQOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;oxido-oxo-phenylphosphanium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][P+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HHJJPFYGIRKQOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHNUXDYAOVSGII-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCC(Cl)OP(=O)(OC(Cl)CCCl)OC(Cl)CCCl DHNUXDYAOVSGII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCOP(=O)(OCCCl)OCCCl HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(C)Cl)OCC(C)Cl GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJZPLABBUZLWRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diamine Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCN)N.C(CCCCCCCCCCN)N OJZPLABBUZLWRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003952 β-lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
- C08J9/18—Making expandable particles by impregnating polymer particles with the blowing agent
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
- C08G69/14—Lactams
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- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/34—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids using polymerised unsaturated fatty acids
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- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/36—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino acids, polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
-
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
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- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
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- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
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- C08J2203/182—Binary blends of expanding agents of physical blowing agents, e.g. acetone and butane
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
Description
(A) 15質量%~84質量%の少なくとも1種のラクタムと、
(B) 次の成分:
(B1) 少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸および
(B2) 少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミン、
を含む、16質量%~85質量%のモノマー混合物(M)
とを重合させることによって得ることができる少なくとも1種のコポリアミドを85~100質量%含む、発泡体粒子によって達成され、
モノマー混合物(M)は、モノマー混合物(M)の合計モル量に基づいて、45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B1)および45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B2)を含み、成分(A)および(B)の総合計は100質量%である。
本発明によれば、コポリアミドは、次の成分:
(A) 15質量%~84質量%の少なくとも1種のラクタムと、
(B) 次の成分:
(B1) 少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸および
(B2) 少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミン、
を含む、16質量%~85質量%のモノマー混合物(M)
とを重合させることによって調製され、
モノマー混合物(M)は、モノマー混合物(M)の合計モル量に基づいて、45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B1)および45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B2)を含み、成分(A)および(B)の総合計は100質量%である。
本発明によれば、成分(A)は少なくとも1種のラクタムである。本発明の文脈において、「ラクタム」とは、環内に好ましくは4~12個の炭素原子、さらに好ましくは5~8個の炭素原子を有する環状アミドを意味すると理解される。
本発明によれば、成分(B)はモノマー混合物(M)である。モノマー混合物(M)は、成分(B1)、少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸、および(B2)、少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミンを含む。
本発明によれば、成分(B1)は、少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸である。本発明の文脈において、「少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸」とは、厳密に1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸か、または2種以上のC32~C40ダイマー酸の混合物のいずれかを意味する。C32~C40ダイマー酸は、例えば、不飽和脂肪酸、例えば、不飽和C16脂肪酸、不飽和C18脂肪酸および不飽和C20脂肪酸を二量体化することによって得ることができる。
本発明によれば、成分(B2)は、少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミンである。本発明の文脈において、「少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミン」とは、厳密に1種のC4~C12ジアミンか、または2種以上のC4~C12ジアミンの混合物のいずれかを意味する。
本発明によれば、成分(B)に存在する任意の成分(B3)は、少なくとも1種のC4~C20二酸である。本発明の文脈において、「少なくとも1種のC4~C20二酸」とは、厳密に1種のC4~C20二酸か、または2種以上のC4~C20二酸の混合物のいずれかを意味する。
(a) ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を提供する段階であって、ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物が次の成分:
(A) 15質量%~84質量%の少なくとも1種のラクタムと、
(B) 次の成分:
(B1) 少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸および
(B2) 少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミン、
(B) 任意に少なくとも1種のC4~C20二酸、
を含む、16質量%~85質量%のモノマー混合物(M)
とを重合させることによって得ることができる少なくとも1種のコポリアミドを85~100質量%含み、
モノマー混合物(M)が、モノマー混合物(M)の合計モル量に基づいて、45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B1)および45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B2)を含み、成分(A)および(B)の総合計が100質量%である、段階、
(b) ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物に、二酸化炭素、窒素またはそれらの混合物を発泡剤として含浸させる段階、および
(c) 発泡剤含有ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を発泡下で膨張させて発泡体粒子を得る段階、
を含む方法を提供する。
(a) ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を提供する段階であって、ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物が次の成分:
(A) 15質量%~84質量%の少なくとも1種のラクタムと、
(B) 次の成分:
(B1) 少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸および
(B2) 少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミン、
(B) 任意に少なくとも1種のC4~C20二酸、
を含む、16質量%~85質量%のモノマー混合物(M)
とを重合させることによって得ることができる少なくとも1種のコポリアミドを85~100質量%含み、
モノマー混合物(M)が、モノマー混合物(M)の合計モル量に基づいて、45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B1)および45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B2)を含み、成分(A)および(B)の総合計が100質量%である、段階、
(b) ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を、各場合ともポリマーまたはポリマー混合物に基づいて、0質量%~1質量%、好ましくは0.1質量%~0.7質量%の核形成剤と一緒に溶融し、1質量%~3.5質量%、好ましくは1.5~2.5質量%の二酸化炭素、窒素またはそれらの混合物を発泡剤として含浸させる段階、および
(c) 発泡剤含有ポリマー溶融物を、穿孔プレートを通して200℃と280℃の間の温度でペレット化チャンバ内に押出す段階、および
(d) 膨張した発泡体粒子をペレット化チャンバから排出し、5~90℃の温度の水が、周囲圧力より0.1バール~20バール高い圧力でペレット化チャンバを通って流れる段階、
を含む。
好ましくは、本発明の発泡体粒子は、閉鎖型内で互いに熱溶着される。この目的のため、発泡体粒子を型に導入し、型を閉じた後に温度を導入し、この結果、発泡体粒子が互いに溶着して、好ましくは5~300kg/m3の範囲の密度を有する発泡体が形成される。発泡体は、半製品、例えば、スラブ、プロファイルまたはシート、または単純な若しくは複雑な形状を有する完成した造形品であってよい。よって「発泡体」という用語には、半製品の発泡体製品および発泡体成形品も含まれる。
PA6.6/36 Ultramid RX2240、BASF SE社の高粘度コポリアミド、ISO3146による融点199℃、ISO1183による密度1.1g/cm3
PA6 BASF SE社のUltramid(登録商標)B27、ナイロン-6
タルク Mondo Minerals社のIT Extra microscale talc
嵩密度は、DIN ISO697:1984-01に従い、500mlの容器に膨張した粒子を入れ、天びんを使用して質量を決定することにより決定した。
0.134質量%の水含有量を有する99.5質量部のPA6.6/36ポリアミドを、二軸押出機(軸直径18mm、長さ/直径(L/D)比=40)中250℃で溶融し、0.5質量部のタルクと混合した。その後続いて、CO2またはCO2/N2の混合物を発泡剤として溶融物に計り入れ、均一に混合して、穿孔プレート(穴直径1mm)を通して押出した。穿孔プレートは、加熱カートリッジによって電気的に加熱し、280℃または240℃の温度に保った。押出したストランドは、1MPaの圧力で水中ペレット化(UWP)によりペレット化し、回転ブレードリングに固定された10枚のブレードを用いて、平均直径2mmおよび平均質量2mgを有する発泡体粒子を得た。
20個のPA6.6/36ペレットを従来のステンレス鋼茶漉しに導入し、高圧オートクレーブに入れた。オートクレーブを閉じ、CO2またはN2を20MPaの圧力で注入し、180~235℃の範囲の温度で3時間含浸を行った。その後続いて、ボールバルブを開くことにより、オートクレーブを唐突に減圧した。オートクレーブを室温まで冷却した後、発泡したポリアミド粒子を取り出した。
Claims (12)
- 300kg/m3未満の嵩密度を有し且つポリアミドに基づく発泡体粒子であって、次の成分:
(A) 15質量%~84質量%の少なくとも1種のラクタムと、
(B) 次の成分:
(B1) 少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸および
(B2) 少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミン、
を含む、16質量%~85質量%のモノマー混合物(M)
とを重合させることによって得ることができる少なくとも1種のコポリアミドを85~100質量%含み、
前記モノマー混合物(M)が、前記モノマー混合物(M)の合計モル量に基づいて、45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B1)および45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B2)を含み、前記成分(A)および(B)の総合計が100質量%であり、
前記コポリアミドが、ISO11357-2:2014に従い決定して、150~210℃の範囲の溶融温度(T m )を有する、発泡体粒子。 - 85質量%~100質量%のコポリアミド、および0質量%~15質量%の添加剤からなる、請求項1に記載の発泡体粒子。
- 30~250kg/m3の範囲の嵩密度を有する、請求項1または2に記載の発泡体粒子。
- 成分(A)が、3-アミノプロパノラクタム、4-アミノブタノラクタム、5-アミノペンタノラクタム、6-アミノヘキサノラクタム、7-アミノヘプタノラクタム、8-アミノオクタノラクタム、9-アミノノナノラクタム、10-アミノデカノラクタム、11-アミノウンデカノラクタム、および12-アミノドデカノラクタムからなる群から選択される、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の発泡体粒子。
- 成分(B2)が、テトラメチレンジアミン、ペンタメチレンジアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、デカメチレンジアミンおよびドデカメチレンジアミンからなる群から選択される、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の発泡体粒子。
- 前記コポリアミドが、ISO11357-2:2014に従い決定して、20~50℃の範囲のガラス転移温度(Tg)を有する、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の発泡体粒子。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の発泡体粒子を製造するための方法であって、以下の段階:
(a) ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を提供する段階であって、前記ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物が次の成分:
(A) 15質量%~84質量%の少なくとも1種のラクタムと、
(B) 次の成分:
(B1) 少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸および
(B2) 少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミン、
を含む、16質量%~85質量%のモノマー混合物(M)
とを重合させることによって得ることができる少なくとも1種のコポリアミドを85~100質量%含み、
前記モノマー混合物(M)が、前記モノマー混合物(M)の合計モル量に基づいて、45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B1)および45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B2)を含み、前記成分(A)および(B)の総合計が100質量%である、段階、
(b) 前記ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物に、二酸化炭素、または二酸化炭素および窒素の混合物を発泡剤として含浸させる段階、および
(c) 発泡剤含有ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を発泡下で膨張させて発泡体粒子を得る段階、
を含む方法。 - 段階(b)において、前記ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物のペレットに、オートクレーブ中18~25MPaの範囲の圧力で、180~250℃の範囲の温度で1~5時間、ガス状二酸化炭素、または二酸化炭素および窒素の混合物を含浸させる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 段階(b)において、前記ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を溶融し、ポリマー溶融物に二酸化炭素、または二酸化炭素および窒素の混合物を含浸させる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の発泡体粒子を製造する方法であって、以下の工程:
(a) ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を提供する段階であって、前記ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物が次の成分:
(A) 15質量%~84質量%の少なくとも1種のラクタムと、
(B) 次の成分:
(B1) 少なくとも1種のC32~C40ダイマー酸および
(B2) 少なくとも1種のC4~C12ジアミン、
を含む、16質量%~85質量%のモノマー混合物(M)
とを重合させることによって得ることができる少なくとも1種のコポリアミドを85~100質量%含み、
前記モノマー混合物(M)が、前記モノマー混合物(M)の合計モル量に基づいて、45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B1)および45~55モル%の範囲の成分(B2)を含み、前記成分(A)および(B)の総合計が100質量%である、段階、
(b) 前記ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物を、各場合とも前記ポリマーまたはポリマー混合物に基づいて、0質量%~1質量%の核形成剤と一緒に溶融し、1質量%~3.5質量%の二酸化炭素、または二酸化炭素および窒素の混合物を発泡剤として含浸させる段階、および
(c) 発泡剤含有ポリマー溶融物を、穿孔プレートを通して200℃と280℃の間の温度でペレット化チャンバ内に押出す段階、および
(d) 膨張した発泡体粒子をペレット化チャンバから排出し、5~90℃の温度の水が、周囲圧力より0.1バール~20バール高い圧力でペレット化チャンバを通って流れる段階、
を含む方法。 - 使用される前記コポリアミドが、DIN EN ISO15512:2017-03に従い決定して、0.05質量%~1.0質量%の範囲の水含有量を有する、請求項7から10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 自動車産業、風力発電産業、建築産業、包装産業、スポーツおよびレジャー産業のための、輸送におけるおよび/または建造における、発泡体成形品の製造に、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の発泡体粒子を使用する方法。
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