JP7328406B1 - 太陽電池および太陽電池の製造方法、光起電力モジュール - Google Patents
太陽電池および太陽電池の製造方法、光起電力モジュール Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 119
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 44
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- -1 phosphorous ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001439 antimony ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
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- H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
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Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- N型初期ベースを提供することと、
前記N型初期ベースの第1表面にP型エミッタを形成することであって、前記P型エミッタは第1部および第2部を含み、前記第1部の天面は第1ピラミッド構造を含み、前記第1ピラミッド構造の少なくとも一つの斜面の少なくとも一部の表面は前記第1ピラミッド構造の中心に対して凹んでまたは突出し、前記第2部の天面は第2ピラミッド構造を含み、前記第2ピラミッド構造の斜面は平面であり、前記N型初期ベースの第1表面に対して垂直な方向において前記第1部の接合深さは前記第2部の接合深さよりも深いことと、
前記N型初期ベースの第2表面にかつ前記N型初期ベースから離れる方向に、トンネル層及びドープされた導電層を順に形成することと、
を含み、
前記P型エミッタはさらにトランジション領域を含み、前記トランジション領域は前記第1部と前記第2部との間に位置し、前記トランジション領域の天面ドーピング濃度は前記第2部の天面ドーピング濃度より大きく、かつ前記第1部の天面ドーピング濃度より小さく、
前記P型エミッタを形成する方法は、
前記N型初期ベースの天面に3価のドーピング源を堆積させることと、
所定領域の前記N型初期ベースの天面を外部エネルギー源処理工程で処理し、前記外部エネルギー源処理工程で処理された前記3価のドーピング源が前記N型初期ベースの内部に拡散することと、
前記N型初期ベースを高温処理して、前記N型初期ベース内にP型エミッタを形成し、前記N型初期ベースは前記P型エミッタの天面から露出し、前記N型初期ベース中には、前記P型エミッタ以外の領域にN型ベースを形成し、ここで、前記所定領域の前記N型初期ベース内に前記第1部のP型エミッタを形成し、前記所定領域外の前記N型初期ベース内に前記第2部のP型エミッタを形成することと、を含み、
前記N型初期ベースの天面に3価のドーピング源を堆積させるステップを実行する際に、前記N型初期ベースの天面に第1薄膜層を形成し、前記第1薄膜層は前記3価のドーピング源を含み、また前記第1薄膜層は、ホウ素、酸素、ケイ素、塩素、窒素、及び炭素の少なくとも1つを含んでいて、ここで、堆積時間は20s~5000sであって、温度は500°C~1300°Cであり、
前記N型初期ベースを高温処理するステップにおいて、500s~10000sの時間、500℃~1500℃の温度で第1流量の酸素を通過させて、前記第1薄膜層が除去された前記N型初期ベースの天面に第2薄膜層を形成し、前記第2薄膜層の厚さは前記第1薄膜層の厚さより小さい、
ことを特徴とする太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1流量は200sccm~80000sccmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記外部エネルギー源処理工程は、レーザードーピング工程、プラズマ放射、または標的イオン注入工程のいずれかを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 第1金属電極を形成し、前記第1金属電極は前記第1部のP型エミッタに電気的に接続されることをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第1金属電極の幅は前記第1部のP型エミッタの幅より小さいまたは等しいことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
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