JP7319761B2 - 非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患および他の使用のためのブドウ生成物 - Google Patents
非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患および他の使用のためのブドウ生成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7319761B2 JP7319761B2 JP2017533218A JP2017533218A JP7319761B2 JP 7319761 B2 JP7319761 B2 JP 7319761B2 JP 2017533218 A JP2017533218 A JP 2017533218A JP 2017533218 A JP2017533218 A JP 2017533218A JP 7319761 B2 JP7319761 B2 JP 7319761B2
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- WPLOVIFNBMNBPD-ATHMIXSHSA-N subtilin Chemical compound CC1SCC(NC2=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C(C)CC)C(=O)NC(=C)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(O)=O)CSC(C)C2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C1NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C1NC(=O)C(=C/C)/NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C2NC(=O)CNC(=O)C3CCCN3C(=O)C(NC(=O)C3NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(=C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)C(N)CC=4C5=CC=CC=C5NC=4)CSC3)C(C)SC2)C(C)C)C(C)SC1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WPLOVIFNBMNBPD-ATHMIXSHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sucralose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(Cl)C(CO)OC1OC1(CCl)C(O)C(O)C(CCl)O1 BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019465 surimi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012789 taco shells Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004559 theobromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100001274 therapeutic index Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000004797 therapeutic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001467 thiazolidinediones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011830 transgenic mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011514 vinification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011844 whole wheat flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
1.哺乳類での非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患(NAFLD)を処置または予防する方法であって、哺乳類に、NAFLDを処置または予防するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
2.哺乳類での脂肪肝を減少させる方法であって、哺乳類に、脂肪肝を減少させるために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
3.哺乳類での脂肪肝炎を減少させる方法であって、哺乳類に、脂肪肝炎を減少させるために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
4.哺乳類での肝線維症を減少させる方法であって、哺乳類に、肝線維症を減少させるために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
5.哺乳類での非アルコール性脂肪肝肝炎(NASH)を処置または予防する方法であって、哺乳類に、NASHを処置または予防するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
6.哺乳類での健康な肝臓を支持する方法であって、哺乳類に、健康な肝臓を支持するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
7.哺乳類が、非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患を有すると同定された、実施形態6の方法。
8.哺乳類の肝臓での酸化的ストレスを減少または予防する方法であって、哺乳類に、哺乳類の肝臓での酸化的ストレスを減少または予防するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
9.脂質過酸化を減少または予防する、実施形態8の方法。
10.哺乳類の肝臓でのチトクロムP450および/または第II相の酵素的解毒系を保護、支持、増強または維持する方法であって、哺乳類に、哺乳類の肝臓でのチトクロムP450および/または第II相の酵素的解毒系を保護、支持、増強または維持するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
11.哺乳類での解毒酵素の産生を制御する遺伝子の発現を上方制御する方法であって、哺乳類に、哺乳類での解毒酵素の産生を制御する遺伝子の発現を上方制御するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
12.遺伝子は、NRF2である、実施形態11の方法。
13.哺乳類での抗酸化物質の産生を増大する方法であって、哺乳類に、哺乳類での抗酸化物質の産生を増大するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
14.抗酸化物質は、グルタチオン、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼまたはカタラーゼである、実施形態13の方法。
15.ブドウ生成物は、肝臓に沈着した脂肪の量を減少させる、実施形態1~14のいずれか1つの方法。
16.哺乳類は、それを必要とする哺乳類である、実施形態1~15のいずれか1つの方法。
17.ブドウ生成物は、全搾りかすもしくはその一部、ブドウ種子生成物、ブドウの皮生成物、もしくはその任意の抽出物、またはそれらの任意の組み合わせである、実施形態1~16のいずれか1つの方法。
18.ブドウ種子生成物は、ブドウ種子粉末である、実施形態17の方法。
19.ブドウ生成物は、ブドウの皮抽出物、ブドウの皮粉末またはブドウの皮粉体である、実施形態17の方法。
20.ブドウ生成物は、搾りかす抽出物である、実施形態17の方法。
21.ブドウ生成物は、ブドウ種子抽出物である、実施形態17の方法。
22.ブドウ抽出物は、メタノールまたはエタノール抽出物である、実施形態21の方法。
23.ブドウ生成物は、約1mgから約15,000mgの有効な量で投与される、実施形態1~22のいずれか1つの方法。
24.哺乳類は、ヒト、愛玩用動物、飼育動物、畜産動物または家畜である、実施形態1~23のいずれか1つの方法。
25.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物をさらに含む、実施形態1~24のいずれか1つの方法。
26.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、抗酸化物質、抗コレステロール薬剤、抗血糖化合物またはインスリン感受性改善薬である、実施形態25の方法。
27.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、ビタミンE、ビタミンA、ビタミンC、カロテノイド、リポ酸、ユビキノール、ユビキノンまたはグルタチオンである、実施形態25の方法。
28.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、s-アデノシル-メチオニン、トリメチルグリシンまたはメチオニンである、実施形態25の医薬組成物。
29.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、ホスファチド、必須脂肪酸、コリンまたはBビタミンである、実施形態25の医薬組成物。
30.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、植物またはその抽出物である、実施形態25の医薬組成物。
31.植物またはその抽出物は、ミルクシスル、チョウセンゴミシ、ゴボウ、タンポポ、アーティチョーク、ウコン、クサノオウ、葛、チコリもしくはイエロードック、またはそれらの任意の抽出物である、実施形態30の医薬組成物。
32.抗血糖化合物は、インスリン感受性改善薬である、実施形態26の方法。
33.インスリン感受性改善薬は、ピオグリタゾン、メトホルミン、スルホニル尿素またはチアゾリジンジオンである、実施形態32の方法。
34.抗コレステロール化合物は、HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害剤である、実施形態26の方法。
35.HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害剤は、アトルバスタチン、フルバスタチン、ロバスタチン、ピタバスタチン、プラバスタチン、ロスバスタチンまたはシンバスタチンである、実施形態34の方法。
36.ブドウ生成物および追加の化合物は、同時にまたは連続して投与される、実施形態25の方法。
37.ブドウ生成物および追加の化合物は、同じ製剤で、または異なる製剤で投与される、実施形態25の方法。
38.哺乳類は、高脂肪食餌中である、実施形態1~37のいずれか1つの方法。
39.哺乳類は、30から50カロリー%含有量の脂肪を含む食餌中である、実施形態1~37のいずれか1つの方法。
40.ブドウは、シャルドネのブドウである、実施形態1~39のいずれか1つの方法。
41.ブドウは、カベルネソービニヨンのブドウ、ピノノワールのブドウ、ソービニヨンブランのブドウ、またはホワイトリースリングのブドウである、実施形態1~39のいずれか1つの方法。
42.ブドウ生成物および少なくとも1つの追加の化合物を含む、医薬組成物。
43.ブドウ生成物は、全搾りかすもしくはその一部、ブドウ種子生成物、ブドウの皮生成物、もしくはそれらの任意の組み合わせ、またはそれらの任意の抽出物である、実施形態42の医薬組成物。
44.ブドウ種子生成物は、ブドウ種子粉末である、実施形態43の医薬組成物。
45.ブドウの皮生成物は、ブドウの皮抽出物である、実施形態43の医薬組成物。
46.ブドウは、シャルドネのブドウ、カベルネソービニヨンのブドウ、ピノノワールのブドウ、ソービニヨンブランのブドウ、またはホワイトリースリングのブドウ生成物である、実施形態42~45の医薬組成物。
47.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、抗酸化物質である、実施形態42の医薬組成物。
48.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、ビタミンE、オベチコール酸、2,4-ジニトロフェノール(DNP)、DNP-メチルエーテル(DNPME)、抗血糖化合物または抗コレステロール化合物である、実施形態42の医薬組成物。
49.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、ビタミンE、ビタミンA、ビタミンC、カロテノイド、リポ酸、ユビキノール、ユビキノンまたはグルタチオンである、実施形態42の医薬組成物。
50.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、s-アデノシル-メチオニン、トリメチルグリシンまたはメチオニンである、実施形態42の医薬組成物。
51.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、ホスファチド、必須脂肪酸、コリンまたはBビタミンである、実施形態42の医薬組成物。
52.少なくとも1つの追加の化合物は、植物またはその抽出物である、実施形態42の医薬組成物。
53.植物またはその抽出物は、ミルクシスル、チョウセンゴミシ、ゴボウ、タンポポ、アーティチョーク、ウコン、クサノオウ、葛、チコリもしくはイエロードックまたはそれらの任意の抽出物である、実施形態52の医薬組成物。
54.抗血糖化合物は、インスリン感受性改善薬である、実施形態48の医薬組成物。
55.インスリン感受性改善薬は、ピオグリタゾン、メトホルミン、チアゾリジンジオンまたはスルホニル尿素である、実施形態54の医薬組成物。
56.抗コレステロール化合物は、HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害剤である、実施形態48の医薬組成物。
57.HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害剤は、アトルバスタチン、フルバスタチン、ロバスタチン、ピタバスタチン、プラバスタチン、ロスバスタチン、またはシンバスタチンである、実施形態56の医薬組成物。
58.表3の1つまたはそれ以上の遺伝子の発現を調節する方法であって、1つまたはそれ以上の遺伝子を発現する哺乳類にブドウ生成物を投与することを含む、方法。
59.遺伝子は、Chi3l1、Ces1d、Adra1b、Slc13a3、Ntrk2、Cyp21a1、Aqp8、Gck、Pfkm、Txn1、Ckb、Gckr、Fen1、Cyp46a1、Vldlr、Ppcdc、Bdh2、Scd1、Acot11、Mlxipl(ChREBP)、Lcn13、Prodh、Gstt3、Mc5r、Tas2r104、Vmn1r192、Rasl2-9、Cfd、Ctse、Orm2、Rorc、Tlr5、Hnmt、Cyp2b13、Cyp2d40、Hao2、Gdf15、Sptlc3、Mogat1、Plin4、Ifna9、Asns、Got1、Atp6v0d2、Cyp7b1、Cyp17a1、Id1、Avpr1a、Ocln、Cyp51、Fdft1、Hmgcr、Hsd17b7、Insig1、Lss、Mvd、Mvk、Nsdhl、Sc4mol、Tm7sf2、Apom、Lepr、Pcsk9、Sqle、Il17rb、Acsl3、Agxt、Aldoc、Pgk2、Tlr13、Hmgcs1、Stard4、Mmp7およびIgfbp2のうちの1つまたはそれ以上である、実施形態58の方法。
60.ブドウ生成物は、ブドウ種子粉末抽出物である、実施形態58の方法。
61.ブドウ生成物は、ブドウ種子粉末である、実施形態58の方法。
62.ブドウは、シャルドネのブドウである、実施形態58~61のいずれか1つの方法。
63.ブドウは、カベルネソービニヨン、ピノノワールのブドウ、ソービニヨンブランのブドウまたはホワイトリースリングのブドウである、実施形態58~61のいずれか1つの方法。
食餌性肥満(DIO)ハムスターを、10週間、高脂肪(HF)食餌で飼育した。低グルコース耐性を示し、最も重いカテゴリーにあった動物が、種々の処置を受けた。動物を、それぞれ、10および20週間、部分的に脱脂されたシャルドネのフラボノイド-リッチワインブドウ種子粉末(ChrSd)、市販の抽出物またはChrSdの実験室で生成されたエタノール抽出物を含有する食餌で飼育した。10週目に半数を犠牲にし、肝不全の兆候について試験し、他の半数は、20週後に試験した。処置中の動物は、恩恵を受けた。ChrSd全粉末処置中の動物は、肝臓での異所性脂肪の兆候を示さなかったのに対して、HF対照食餌にあるものは、肝臓での広範な脂肪沈着を示した。種々の処置下の動物の肝臓は、HF対照でのものより有意に少なく秤量された。種々のブドウ種子処置中の動物の血中脂質プロファイルは、血中脂質プロファイルが改善されたことを示した。したがって、ChrSdは、動物が、高脂肪食餌にかけられているような場合に、健康な血中脂質プロファイルを維持するために使用される。
ChrSdが、インスリン耐性および脂肪肝の病原性を改善したかどうかを決定するために、食餌性肥満(DIO)マウスを、5週間、部分的に脱脂されフラボノイド-リッチのシャルドネのブドウ種子粉末(ChrSd)または結晶セルロース(MCC、対照)のいずれかを含有する高脂肪(HF)食餌で飼育した。2時間のインスリンおよびグルコース曲線下面積は、ChrSdにより有意に低下され、ChrSdが、インスリン感受性およびグルコース代謝を改善することを示した。ChrSd摂取は、食物摂取での顕著な増加にもかかわらず、体重増加、肝臓および脂肪組織重量、肝臓脂質含有量、および血漿中低密度リポタンパク質(LDL)コレステロールも有意に減少させた。肝臓遺伝子発現のエクソンマイクロアレイ分析は、トリグリセリドおよびセラミド合成、免疫応答、酸化的ストレスおよび炎症に関連した遺伝子の下方制御、ならびに脂肪酸酸化、コレステロール、および胆汁酸合成に関連した遺伝子の上方制御を明らかにした。レプチン受容体の発現が上方制御されたことから、増強された肝臓のレプチン感受性を示唆している。マイクロアレイデータの経路分析は、脂質およびコレステロール代謝、ならびに感染性および代謝性疾患経路が、ChrSdにより差次的に制御されたことを明らかにした。結論として、ChrSdは、酸化的ストレス、炎症ならびに脂質およびコレステロール代謝に関連した遺伝子の肝臓発現の調節を介して、DIOマウスでの体重増加、インスリン耐性、および脂肪肝の進行におけるHF食餌の効果を改善した
雄のC57BL/6Jマウスを、環境を制御した部屋(20~22℃、相対湿度60%、12時間の明/暗サイクルを交互)で個々に収容した。マウスを順応させ、実験的食餌の開始前に、1週間、水およびマウス用チャウ食餌(LabDiet 5015、PMI International、Redwood、CA、USA)を自由に利用させた。マウスを秤量し、各々30匹のマウスの2つの群にランダム化させた。マウス用チャウ食餌またはエネルギーの17%をタンパク質として、37%を炭水化物として、および47%を脂肪として、0.1%コレステロールと共に含有するHF食餌のいずれかで、マウスを自由に飼育した。5週間後、マウスを秤量し、食餌性肥満(DIO)マウスを、チャウで飼育したマウスより有意にいっそう重量を得たものと識別した。その後、DIOマウスを、2つの群にランダム化し(各々n=10)、10%ChrSd(Sonomaceuticals、LLC/WholeVine Products、Santa Rosa、CA)または5%結晶セルロース(MCC、対照食餌;Dyets Inc.、Bethlehem、PA)のいずれかを含有するHF食餌で5週間、自由に飼育した(表1)。不溶性ファイバーであるMCCは、ステロール代謝にほとんど効果を示さない(Horton、1994、56番)。シャルドネのブドウ搾りかすは、カリフォルニア州ソノマカウンティ-の沿岸ブドウ園から得た。2010年醸造ワインから得た種子を、加熱空気(55~70℃)を使用して乾燥させ、皮と茎から分離した。油が種子から押し出された後に、残留プレスケークを破砕し、85メッシュ篩を通した。ChrSdの総フラボノイド、総カテキン、カテキンおよびエピカテキン含有量は、それぞれ、12,000、1610、701および732mg/100gであった。体重を、毎週記録し、食物摂取を、週当たり2回観察した。研究プロトコル、番号P-04-02は、実験動物委員会(the Animal Care and Use Committee)、Western Regional Research Center, USDA, Albany, CA, USA.により承認された。
マウスを、12時間絶食させ、イソフルラン(Phoenix Pharmaceutical、St.Joseph、MO、USA)で麻酔にかけた。血液を、EDTAカリウム溶液(15%w/v)で予め洗浄したシリンジでの心臓穿刺により採取した。血漿を、2,000×gで30分間、4℃で遠心分離後に分離した。肝臓および精巣上体の脂肪組織を採取し、秤量し、後の分析のために、液体窒素ですぐに凍結した。凍結乾燥後、肝臓末を秤量し、2mLのCHCl3/MeOH(2:1)と混合し、5分間超音波処理し、その後、一夜インキュベートした。サンプルを、10分間、1000rpmで遠心分離し、上澄を除去した。別の2mLのCHCl3/MeOHを添加し、超音波処理し、一夜静置して抽出させた。溶媒を、窒素下で合わせた抽出物から除去し、総肝臓総脂質含有量を、重量測定法で測定した。
血漿中リポタンパク質コレステロールを、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィーにより測定した。簡潔には、温度制御された水ジャケット(Aura Industrials、Staten、NY、USA)中のミキシングコイル(1615-50 Bodman、Aston、PA、USA)からなるSuperose6HR HPLCカラム(Pharmacia LKB Biotechnology、Piscataway、NJ、USA)と共にAgilentの1100HPLCクロマトグラフィーを使用して、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)を行った。Hewlett-PackardのHPLCポンプ(79851-A;Agilent Technologies、Palo Alto、CA、USA)を、0.2mL/分の流速でコレステロール試薬(Roche Diagnostics、Indianapolis、IN、USA)を送達するために使用した。仔ウシコレステロールリポタンパク質基準は、ピーク領域の原則でのシグナルを較正するために使用された。
3時間の絶食の後、マウスに、腹腔内でグルコース(2g/kg体重)を投与し、尾部静脈血グルコースレベルを、OneTouch Ultrameter(LifeScan Inc.、Wayne、PA)を使用したグルコース注射の0、15、30、60および120分後に測定した。マウスに、腹腔内にインスリン(0.5U/kg体重)を投与した後にITTを行った。OneTouch Ultrameter(LifeScan Inc.)を使用したインスリン注射の0、30および60分後に尾部静脈血でグルコースレベルを測定した
総肝臓RNAは、TRIzolplus RNA精製キット(Invitrogen,
Life Technologies、Carlsbad、CA、USA)を使用して、各群内の3つの生物学的複製から抽出した。2100 Bioanalyzer装置およびRNA6000Nano LabChipアッセイ(Agilent Technologies、Palo Alto、CA、USA)を使用して、総RNAの質を測定した。その後、総RNA(10μg)を使用して、1サイクルcDNA(第1の鎖および第2の鎖cDNA合成)を合成し、続いて二重鎖cDNAを除去し、ビオチンで標識されたcRNAを合成した。1サイクル標的標識および対照試薬(Affymetrix、Santa Clara、CA、USA)を使用して、ビオチンで標識されたcRNAを、断片化した。断片化されたcRNAサンプルを、120万のプローブセットを含む発現おびエクソンスプライシングアレイである、80000遺伝子を提示するAffymetrix GeneChipマウスエクソン1.0STアレイにハイブリダイズした。ハイブリダイゼーションシグナルが、獲得され、GeneChip Scanner 3000高解像度スキャナー(Affymetrix)およびAffymetrix GeneChip Operatingソフトウェア(GCOS)を使用して、分析した。GeneSpringGXバージョン11.0プログラム(Agilent Technologies、Santa Clara、CA)を使用して、マイクロアレイデータから遺伝子発現およびエクソン選択的スプライシングの両方の分析を行った。変化が、1.5倍以上であることが見出された場合、遺伝子発現は、有意であると決定された。スプライス指数は、遺伝子レベル発現にわたるエクソンレベル発現の比の対数として定義された。処置および対照群の間のスプライス指数値での倍数変化≧2は、差次的にスプライスされたと考えられた。少なくとも1つの差次的にスプライスしたエクソンを有する転写産物は、差次的に制御されたスプライシングであると考えられた。
全てのデータは、平均±SEとして表される。血漿中脂質レベルでの処置の効果、体重および組織重量、総エネルギー摂取、および供給効率比における処置の効果を試験するために、JMP7統計学的プログラム(SAS Institute、Cary、NC、USA)を使用して、分散分析(ANOVA)を行った。有意性は、P<0.05として定義された。Ingenuity Pathways Analysisツール(IPAバージョン8.7、Ingenuity Systems Inc.、Redwood City、CA、USA;http://www.ingenuity.com)を使用して、エクソンマイクロアレイデータを分析し、差次的に発現した遺伝子から生物学的機構、経路および機能を測定した。右側フィッシャー直接検定(Right-tailed Fisher's exact test)を、P値を計算するために使用した。P値は、各データセットの生物学的機能、各データセットについて特定のネットワークに割当てられる生物学的機能および疾患、およびデータセットでの遺伝子と対応する標準経路の間の関連性が、偶然であると解釈された可能性を表す。
5週間のHF食餌のChrSd補給は、総エネルギー摂取の有意な増加にもかかわらず、DIOマウスの体重増加を有意に低下させ、これらのマウスの72%低いエネルギー効率比を生じた(表2)。ChrSdを補充した食餌は、対照食餌でのマウスと比較してそれぞれ38%および35%まで肝臓および精巣上体の脂肪組織重量を有意に低下させた(表2)。総肝臓脂質含有量は、対照食餌と比較して、ChrSdで飼育したDIOマウスで43%低かった(P<0.05)(表2)。食餌性ChrSd補給は、60分でのピーク血中グルコース応答(P<0.05)および2時間のグルコース応答の間の曲線下面積(AUC)を有意に低下させた(図2AおよびB)。ChrSd補給は、30分での(P<0.05)および60分での(P<0.05)インスリン応答の著しい減少も生じた(図3AおよびB)。
5%MCCまたは10%ChrSd粉末のいずれかで補充したHF食餌で飼育したDIOマウスでの肝臓遺伝子の総合的発現は、エクソンマイクロアレイ分析により評価された。多数の遺伝子が、5%MCCで飼育したものと比較した場合、10%ChrSdで飼育したマウスで差次的に発現された(P<0.05、倍数変化≧1.5)(表3)。これらの遺伝子のうち、いくつかは、下方制御され、いくつかは、上方制御された。表3は、ChrSdにより差次的に下方および上方制御され、生物学的プロセスにより分類された遺伝子を示す。核内因子-カッパB(NF-κB)-誘発キナーゼ活性の活性化に関与したタンパク質をコードし、炎症および組織リモデリングに関与したキチナーゼ様1(Chi3l1;倍数変化、-1.5)が、下方制御された。コルチコステロイド(cortiscosteroid)生合成に関与した酵素をコードする遺伝子(C21-ステロイドホルモン生合成、チトクロムP450、ファミリー21、サブファミリーのポリペプチド1(Cyp21a1;倍数変化、-1.6))を下方制御した。細管胆汁酸輸送に関連したタンパク質をコードするアクアポリン8(Aqp8;倍数変化、-1.8)の発現レベルは、下方制御された。遺伝子コード化タンパク質は、ジアシルグリセロールおよびトリアシルグリセロール生合成プロセス(ステアロイル補酵素A不飽和化酵素1[Scd1]に関与した;モノアシルグリセロールO-アシルトランスフェラーゼ1[Mogat1])が下方制御された(両方について、倍数変化、-1.6)。グルコースおよび脂質代謝に関与した匂い分子結合タンパク質2A(Lcn13)の発現が、下方制御された(倍数変化、-3.5)。補体因子D(Cfd;倍数変化,-2.4)、カテプシンE(Ctse;倍数変化,-1.7)、オロソムコイド2(Orm2、倍数変化、-1.7)、レチノイン酸受容体関連オーファン受容体ガンマ(Rorc;倍数変化-1.5)およびトール様受容体5(Tlr5;倍数変化,-2)を含めた免疫系プロセスに関与した遺伝子が下方制御された。スフィンゴ脂質代謝に関与したセリンパルミトイルトランスフェラーゼ、長鎖ベースサブユニット3(Sptlc3;倍数変化,-1.7)は、下方制御された。トリグリセリド代謝プロセスに関与した脂肪滴関連タンパク質ペリリピン4(Plin4;倍数変化,-3.5)の発現は、MCCで飼育されたマウスと比較した場合、ChrSdで飼育されたマウスも下方制御された。宿主免疫防御応答に関連したタンパク質をコードする遺伝子であるインターフェロンアルファ9(Ifna9;倍数変化,1.8)は、上方制御された。胆汁酸代謝に関連したチトクロムP450、ファミリー7、サブファミリーb、ポリペプチド1(Cyp7b1;倍数変化、1.6)およびチトクロムP450、ファミリー17、サブファミリーa、ポリペプチド1(Cyp17a1;倍数変化,2.5)をコードする遺伝子の発現は、上方制御された。ステロール14-デメチラーゼ(Cyp51;倍数変化,5.6)、3-ヒドロキシ-3-メチルグルタリール-補酵素A還元酵素(Hmgcr;倍数変化,2.5)、ヒドロキシステロイド(17-β)脱水素酵素7(Hsd17b7;倍数変化,2.8)、インスリン誘発遺伝子1(Insig1;倍数変化,1.8)、ステロール-C4-メチルオキシダーゼ様(Sc4mol;倍数変化,4.5)、およびレプチン受容体(Lepr;倍数変化,1.6)を含めたコレステロール代謝に関与した遺伝子が上方制御された。脂肪酸β-酸化に関与したアシル-CoAシンテターゼ長鎖ファミリーメンバー3(Acsl3)の発現レベルが、上方制御された。
Claims (10)
- 哺乳類の、非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患(NAFLD)または非アルコール性脂肪肝肝炎(NASH)を処置するための、処置するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を含む医薬組成物であって、前記ブドウ生成物は、シャルドネの種子粉末、シャルドネの種子抽出物、シャルドネ搾りかすミール又はシャルドネ搾りかす粉末であり、該組成物は、哺乳動物の肝臓に沈着した脂肪の量を減少させることを特徴とする、前記医薬組成物。
- 哺乳類の、脂肪肝、脂肪肝炎または肝線維症を減少させるための、処置するために有効な量のブドウ生成物を含む医薬組成物であって、前記ブドウ生成物は、シャルドネの種子粉末、シャルドネの種子抽出物、シャルドネ搾りかすミール又はシャルドネ搾りかす粉末であり、該組成物は、哺乳動物の肝臓に沈着した脂肪の量を減少させることを特徴とする、前記医薬組成物。
- ブドウ生成物は、シャルドネの種子粉末、又はシャルドネ搾りかす粉末である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ブドウ生成物は、シャルドネ搾りかす抽出物である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ブドウ生成物は、シャルドネ種子抽出物である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 抽出物は、メタノールまたはエタノール抽出物である、請求項4又は5に記載の医薬組成物。
- 哺乳類は、高脂肪食餌中である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 哺乳類は、30から50カロリー%含有量の脂肪を含む食餌中である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- シャルドネのブドウ種子粉末又はシャルドネのブドウ種子抽出物は、1mgから15,000mgの有効な量で投与される、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 哺乳類は、ヒト、愛玩用動物、飼育動物、畜産動物又は家畜である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
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PCT/US2015/066585 WO2016100774A1 (en) | 2014-12-20 | 2015-12-18 | Grape products for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and other uses |
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JP2021075551A (ja) * | 2014-12-20 | 2021-05-20 | ソノマシューティカルズ・エルエルシー | 非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患および他の使用のためのブドウ生成物 |
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WO2020138557A1 (ko) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | 경상대학교병원 | 지방간 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물 및 건강기능식품 |
JP2021073987A (ja) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-20 | 禅インターナショナル株式会社 | 栄養組成物 |
CN111826437B (zh) * | 2020-07-24 | 2023-09-29 | 中南大学湘雅二医院 | 检测cyp46a1基因表达的产品在制备诊断非酒精性脂肪性肝病工具中的应用 |
EP4228419A4 (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2024-10-23 | Sonomaceuticals Llc | FOOD COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING AGRICULTURAL MARC AND PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
KR102573089B1 (ko) | 2020-11-27 | 2023-09-01 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 비 알콜성 지방간 치료제에 대한 감수성 예측을 위한 바이오 마커 및 이의 용도 |
WO2024172785A1 (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-08-22 | Bursa Uludağ Üni̇versi̇tesi̇ | Use of grape seed extract for reduction of oxidative stress in calves |
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JP2012187050A (ja) * | 2011-03-10 | 2012-10-04 | Manns Wine Co Ltd | ワイン風飲料及びこれを含有する飲食品 |
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JP2021075551A (ja) * | 2014-12-20 | 2021-05-20 | ソノマシューティカルズ・エルエルシー | 非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患および他の使用のためのブドウ生成物 |
JP7461901B2 (ja) | 2014-12-20 | 2024-04-04 | ソノマシューティカルズ・エルエルシー | 非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患および他の使用のためのブドウ生成物 |
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JP7461901B2 (ja) | 2024-04-04 |
CA2971716A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
KR20240059654A (ko) | 2024-05-07 |
US20170368128A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
KR20170095271A (ko) | 2017-08-22 |
US20210236581A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
WO2016100774A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
JP2021075551A (ja) | 2021-05-20 |
JP2017538758A (ja) | 2017-12-28 |
AU2015364473B2 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
US20230293622A1 (en) | 2023-09-21 |
US10130671B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 |
IL252992B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
US20190111099A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
US11547736B2 (en) | 2023-01-10 |
EP3233101A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
EP3233101A4 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
AU2015364473A1 (en) | 2017-07-13 |
NZ733322A (en) | 2024-02-23 |
IL252992A0 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
US10894073B2 (en) | 2021-01-19 |
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