JP7300176B2 - 可撓性複合材料 - Google Patents
可撓性複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7300176B2 JP7300176B2 JP2019527195A JP2019527195A JP7300176B2 JP 7300176 B2 JP7300176 B2 JP 7300176B2 JP 2019527195 A JP2019527195 A JP 2019527195A JP 2019527195 A JP2019527195 A JP 2019527195A JP 7300176 B2 JP7300176 B2 JP 7300176B2
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Images
Classifications
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Description
によって表すことができ、ここで、σfが、固化時の充填材料の終局引張応力(N/m2)であり、tfが、固化した充填材料の平均厚さ(m)であり(BS EN 1849:2001に記載されているような3点曲げ試験において破壊するまで材料に荷重がかけられるときに亀裂線に沿って測定される)、Trが、第1の層または第2の層の終局引張強度(幅1メートルあたりのN)であり、何れの曲げ方向に張力がかけられるものであってもよい。層の終局引張強度は、層を構成するすべての要素の組合せであり、実質的に補強要素(含まれる場合)により占められる。
ここで、Tr(N/m 2 )は、EN ISO 10319:2015を使用して測定した第2の層の終局引張強度である。この関係は、第2の層が剪断で剥離する前に引張で破断するという仮定が成り立つ場合に、成り立たなければならない。
図10および図11は、BS EN 196-1:2005に提示されている標準試験に基づいて、本発明に係る2組の可撓性複合材料AおよびBに対して実施した3点曲げ試験のプロットを示している。図10および図11は、MPa単位の曲げ強度対mm単位の中心変位を示している。プロット18は、上述した図2に示す可撓性複合材料200の一組のサンプルのものである。
Claims (17)
- 固体に硬化可能な可撓性複合材料であって、
第1の層と、
第1の層と反対側の第2の層であって、空間により第1の層から分離された第2の層と、
第1の層と第2の層との間の空間に配置された粉末充填材料であって、液体、気体または放射線を加えたときに固体に硬化することができる粉末充填材料と、
第1の層および/または第2の層から前記空間内に延び、かつ第1の層および/または第2の層に連結された複数の要素であって、第1の層および/または第2の層を通り抜けることができるとともに、互いに連結することができ、それにより、前記第1の層および第2の層の間に延在するとともに前記第1および第2の層を互いに結合する連結要素を形成する複数の要素とを備え、
連結要素の1または複数に張力が加えられ、かつ張力下にある隣接する連結要素の間で第1の層および/または第2の層を外向きに膨らませるような圧力で、未硬化の前記粉末充填材料が前記空間内に設けられており、
前記可撓性複合材料が平らな平面に置かれて、前記粉末充填材料が未硬化であるときに、前記第1の層および/または第2の層の外向きに膨らんだ外縁が、観察可能であり、前記膨らんだ外縁が、張力下にあって前記第1の層および第2の層の間に延在している前記連結要素の長手方向の長さに対して外向きに膨らんでおり、
前記連結要素が前記可撓性複合材料の製造においてニードルパンチにより形成される場合には、前記連結要素がニードルパンチにより形成されて、ニードルパンチにより形成された前記連結要素の1または複数に張力が加えられるような圧力で未硬化の前記粉末充填材料が前記空間内に充填されると、前記粉末充填材料により前記空間内に加えられる前記圧力が、張力下にある隣接する連結要素の間で第1の層および/または第2の層を外向きに膨らませるように前記連結要素が形成され、
液体、気体または放射線を加えて前記粉末充填材料を硬化させる前に、前記粉末充填材料が前記空間内で未硬化の状態のままで前記可撓性複合材料を搬送可能であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層は不織布であり、
前記不織布が、ニードルパンチ、接着剤、加熱、水流交絡、ステッチボンドまたは超音波溶接によって結合された繊維を含み、
前記不織布がポリプロピレン繊維を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1または2に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層が、気体および液体に対しては透過性であるが、前記粉末充填材料に対してはほぼ不透過性であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至3の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層が補強層をさらに含み、前記補強層が、前記第1の層および/または第2の層の引張強度を向上させるか、かつ/または剛性を増大させるように構成された、織布、不織布、連続膜または編布を含み、
前記補強層がポリエステルまたはポリプロピレンを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項4または5に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層が、幅1メートル当たり0.5-200kN/mの引張強度を有することを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至6の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層が、その最も内側の表面に凹凸のある表面を有するくさび布地を含み、前記凹凸のある表面は、前記空間内の粉末充填材料に接して硬化時に前記粉末充填材料が付着するように構成され、
前記くさび布地がポリプロピレン繊維を含み、
前記粉末充填材料の硬化後に、前記粉末充填材料に接する前記くさび布地が、前記くさび布地と前記粉末充填材料との間に0.5-10kN/mの剥離抵抗を有する結合を提供するように構成されることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項4乃至6の何れか一項を引用する請求項7に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記くさび布地が前記補強層に結合されており、前記くさび布地と前記補強層との間の結合の剥離抵抗が0.5-10kN/mであることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至8の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、前記第1の層と第2の層との間に延びることによって両層を接合し、
前記連結要素が、前記可撓性複合材料の縦軸および/または横軸に沿って規則的または不規則な間隔を空けて配置されており、
連結要素が複数のサブ要素を含み、複数の前記サブ要素が、別々の縦列で前記空間を横切って層の一方または両方を通って延び、引張荷重を支えることができ、
前記連結要素の間の間隔は、0.1-100mmの長さであり、
前記サブ要素を含む前記連結要素は、前記第1の層および前記第2の層の間の中間の面に対して垂直に延びており、
前記連結要素が、ニードルパンチ、ステッチボンド、水流交絡、および予め形成されたフックとの係合のうちの1または複数によって、前記空間内に形成されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至9の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層から前記空間を横切って延びる前記連結要素が、反対側の層を貫通し、それにより層を互いに結合し、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層を貫通する前記連結要素が、それが貫通する層の最も外側に固定されるように構成され、
前記連結要素が、機械的絡み合い、接着剤、加熱による融着によるポリマー層への結合のうちの1または複数によって固定されるものであることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至10の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
未硬化の可撓性複合材料の第1の層と第2の層との間の剥離強度が、0.1kN/m-20kN/mであることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項10または請求項10を引用する請求項11に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が前記第1の層および/または第2の層を貫通してから、前記第1の層および/または第2の層を貫通した前記連結要素の領域が、前記第1の層および/または第2の層とほぼ平行な方向に向きを変えることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項9乃至12の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層から前記空間を横切って延び始める連結要素が、反対側の層を貫通してから前記空間内に戻るように延びており、
前記空間内に戻るように延びる前記連結要素は、前記空間内に位置する他の要素と結合するように構成され、
前記空間内に戻るように延びる連結要素は、当該連結要素が延び始める層と結合するように構成されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至13の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層と第2の層との間の空間に位置する第2の充填材料をさらに含み、前記第2の充填材料が、前記第1の層と第2の層との間の空間に位置する分離層によって、前記第1の粉末充填材料から隔離されていて、
前記第2の充填材料は、粉末、ペーストまたは発泡性組成物のうちの1または複数から選択されることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項4または請求項4を引用する請求項5乃至14の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層が前記補強層と接着剤で結合され、
前記接着剤は、ポリプロピレンコポリマーを含んで、前記補強層に接着されているか、前記補強層の一部を形成しており、
前記接着剤は、前記第1の層および/または第2の層の引張強度と同様の層間の剪断強度を提供することを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至15の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層中の1または複数の材料が、水溶性、生分解性、紫外線分解性、親水性または疎水性であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至16の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料は、延性層をさらに含み、
前記延性層は、前記粉末充填材料が硬化する前に、未硬化の前記可撓性複合材料を三次元形状に曲げて当該三次元形状に維持するものであることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。
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KR102520816B1 (ko) | 2023-04-12 |
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