JP2020500114A - 可撓性複合材料 - Google Patents
可撓性複合材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2020500114A JP2020500114A JP2019527195A JP2019527195A JP2020500114A JP 2020500114 A JP2020500114 A JP 2020500114A JP 2019527195 A JP2019527195 A JP 2019527195A JP 2019527195 A JP2019527195 A JP 2019527195A JP 2020500114 A JP2020500114 A JP 2020500114A
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Abstract
Description
によって表すことができ、ここで、σfが、固化時の充填材料の終局引張応力(N/m2)であり、tfが、固化した充填材料の平均厚さ(m)であり(BS EN 1849:2001に記載されているような3点曲げ試験において破壊するまで材料に荷重がかけられるときに亀裂線に沿って測定される)、Trが、第1の層または第2の層の終局引張強度(幅1メートルあたりのN)であり、何れの曲げ方向に張力がかけられるものであってもよい。層の終局引張強度は、層を構成するすべての要素の組合せであり、実質的に補強要素(含まれる場合)により占められる。
ここで、Tr(N)は、EN ISO 10319:2015を使用して測定した第2の層の終局引張強度である。この関係は、第2の層が剪断で剥離する前に引張で破断するという仮定が成り立つ場合に、成り立たなければならない。
図10および図11は、BS EN 196−1:2005に提示されている標準試験に基づいて、本発明に係る2組の可撓性複合材料AおよびBに対して実施した3点曲げ試験のプロットを示している。図10および図11は、MPa単位の曲げ強度対mm単位の中心変位を示している。プロット17は、上述した図2に示す可撓性複合材料200の一組のサンプルのものである。
Claims (61)
- 硬質または半硬質になるように固化可能な可撓性複合材料であって、
第1の層と、
第1の層と反対側の第2の層であって、空間により第1の層から分離された第2の層と、
第1の層と第2の層との間の空間に配置された充填材料であって、液体、気体または放射線を加えたときに硬質または半硬質の固体に固化することができる充填材料と、
第1の層および/または第2の層から前記空間内に実質的に延び、かつ第1の層および/または第2の層に連結された複数の要素であって、第1の層および/または第2の層を通り抜けることができるとともに、互いに連結することができ、それにより、層を互いに結合する連結要素を形成する複数の要素とを備え、
連結要素の1または複数に張力が加えられ、かつ張力下にある隣接する連結要素間で第1の層および/または第2の層を外向きに膨らませるような圧力で、未固化の充填材料が前記空間内に設けられていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層が不織布を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項2に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
不織布が、ニードルパンチ、接着剤、加熱、水流交絡、ステッチボンドまたは超音波溶接によって結合された繊維を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項2または3に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
不織布がポリプロピレン繊維を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項2乃至4の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
不織布が、0.1−100デシテックス、0.2−100デシテックス、0.5−100デシテックス、1−100デシテックス、2−50デシテックス、3−30デシテックスの平均線密度を有する繊維、または異なる重量の繊維のブレンドを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項2乃至5の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
不織布が、長さ10−200mm、好ましくは30−150mm、または40−100mmのステープルファイバを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至6の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層が、気体および液体に対しては透過性であるが、前記充填材料に対しては実質的に不透過性であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至7の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層が補強要素をさらに含み、前記補強要素が、前記第1の層および/または第2の層の引張強度を向上させるか、かつ/または剛性を増大させるように構成された、織布、不織布、連続膜または編布を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項8に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記補強要素がポリエステルまたはポリプロピレンを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項8乃至10の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層が、幅1メートル当たり0.5−200kN、好ましくは1−150kN/m、または1−100kN/mの引張強度を有することを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至11の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層が、その最も内側の面の少なくとも一部に凹凸のあるくさび布地要素を含み、前記空間内の粉末材料に隣接して固化時に粉末が付着することを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項12に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
凹凸のあるくさび布地がポリプロピレン繊維を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項12または13に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
粉末材料に隣接するくさび布地要素が、粉末材料の固化時に、くさび布地と粉末材料との間に0.5−10kN/mの剥離抵抗を有する結合を提供するように構成されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項8乃至11の何れか一項を引用する、請求項12乃至14の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
くさび布地要素が補強層に結合されており、くさび布地と補強層との間の結合の剥離抵抗が0.5−10kN/mであることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至15の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第2の層が流体を実質的に通さないことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項16に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第2の層の透水係数が、10−3−10−15ms−1、または10−6−10−14ms−1、または10−7−10−12ms−1の範囲内であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項16または17に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第2の層が、流体を実質的に通さないように構成された別個の連続膜を含み、前記連続膜が、ポリプロピレン、高密度および中密度および低密度のポリエチレン、PVC、ゴムまたはポリウレタンを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項18に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第2の層が、保護要素を形成するために、充填材料とは反対側を向く最も外側の面上に不織布要素を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項19に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記不織布要素が、ニードルパンチ、接着剤、加熱および加圧、水流交絡、ステッチボンドまたは超音波溶接によって結合された繊維を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項19または20に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記不織布要素がポリエステルおよび/またはポリプロピレンを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至21の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第2の層が、前記充填材料とは反対側を向くその最も外側の面の少なくとも一部に、当該可撓性複合材料とそれが置かれる表面との間の把持力を改善する滑り止め要素を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項22に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記滑り止め要素が、天然ゴム、合成ゴム、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、PVC、LDPE、LLDPEまたはHDPE、および/または一定のテクスチャを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至23の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、前記第1の層と第2の層との間に延びて両層を接合し、かつ当該可撓性複合材料の縦軸および/または横軸に沿って規則的または不規則な配置で間隔を空けて設けられていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至24の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、正三角形、不規則三角形、正方形、長方形、六角形、他の多角形、トリコット、実質的にランダムな分布、またはそれらの任意の組合せのパターンのうちの1つで配列されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至25の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
各連結要素が複数のサブ要素を含み、前記サブ要素が、別々の縦列で前記空間を横切って層の一方または両方を通って延び、引張荷重を支えることができることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項24乃至26の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、0.1−100mm、0.1−50mm、好ましくは0.5−30mm、より好ましくは1−20mm、または最も好ましくは1−12mmの距離で互いに離間していることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項24乃至27の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、前記第1の層と第2の層との間の中間面に対して実質的に垂直な正味角度で前記第1の層および/または前記第2の層の間に延びていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至28の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、ニードルパンチ、ステッチボンド、水流交絡、および予め形成されたフックとの係合のうちの1または複数によって、前記空間内に配置されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至29の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層から前記空間を横切って延びる前記連結要素が、反対側の層を通り抜け、それにより層を互いに結合することを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項30に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層を通って延びる前記連結要素が、それが通って延びる層の最も外側に固定されるように適合されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項18至21の何れか一項を引用する、請求項31に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が連続膜を貫通しないことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項31または32に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、機械的絡み合い、接着剤、加熱による融着、または化学的或いは機械的手段によるポリマー層への結合のうちの1または複数によって固定されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至33の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
未固化の可撓性複合材料の第1の層と第2の層との間の剥離強度が、0.1kN/m−20kN/m、好ましくは0.3kN/m−3kN/mであることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項24乃至34の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、前記第1の層および/または第2の層を通って延びるときに、前記第1の層および/または第2の層と実質的に平行になるように向きを変えることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至35の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が繊維であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至36の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記連結要素が、前記第1の層および/または第2の層から生じることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項29乃至37の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層から前記空間を実質的に横切って延びる連結要素が、反対側の層を通り抜けて前記空間内に戻るように延びることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項38に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記空間内に戻るように実質的に延びる連結要素が、前記空間内に位置する他の要素と結合するように構成されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項39に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記空間内に戻るように実質的に延びる連結要素が、絡み合いによって他の要素と結合するように構成されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項38に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記空間内に戻るように実質的に延びる連結要素が、繊維の元となる層と結合するように構成されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至41の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記充填材料が、粉末、ペーストまたは発泡性組成物のうちの1または複数から選択されることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至42の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記充填材料が、セメント−骨材の混合物、高アルミナセメント、石灰−骨材の混合物およびポルトランドセメントのうちの1または複数を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至43の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記充填材料がフィラー材料を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至44の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記充填材料が反応調整剤を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至45の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記充填材料が、0.1−20MPa、好ましくは0.1−10MPa、より好ましくは0.5−5MPaの固化時の引張強度を有することを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至46の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記充填材料が、1−500MPa、好ましくは5−200MPa、より好ましくは15−100MPaの固化時の圧縮強度を有することを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至47の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層と第2の層との間の空間に位置する第2の充填材料をさらに含み、前記第2の充填材料が、前記第1の層と第2の層との間の空間に位置する分離層によって、前記第1の充填材料から分離されていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項48に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第2の充填材料が、粉末、ペーストまたは発泡性組成物のうちの1または複数から選択されることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項48または49に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第2の充填材料が、ベントナイト粘土または超吸収性ポリマーを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項48乃至50の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記分離層が、紙または織布、不織布、編布または押出成形層であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項48乃至51の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記分離層がポリプロピレン不織布を含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至52の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
当該可撓性複合材料の層が接着剤で互いに結合され、好ましくは、前記接着剤がホットメルト接着剤であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項53に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記接着剤が、前記補強層に接着されているポリプロピレンコポリマーまたは前記補強層の一部としてのポリプロピレンコポリマーを含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項53または54に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記接着剤が、前記第1の層および/または第2の層の終局引張強度と実質的に同様の層間の剪断強度を提供することを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至55の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層中の1または複数の材料が、水溶性、腐敗性、UV分解性、親水性および疎水性であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至56の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層および/または第2の層中の1または複数の材料が、殺生物剤または生体成長促進剤であることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至57の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
充填材料、第1の層または第2の層の何れかが導電性繊維を含み、それによって当該可撓性複合材料に対する損傷または変形、およびその位置の検出が可能となっていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至58の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
前記第1の層の最も外側または前記第2の層の最も外側に断熱層をさらに含み、前記断熱層の外側に追加の層を適用可能となっていることを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 請求項1乃至59の何れか一項に記載の可撓性複合材料において、
材料が固化する前に自重を支えることができる三次元形状に未固化の可撓性複合材料を形成するために曲げる(塑性変形させる)ことができる十分な面外剛性を有する延性層をさらに含むことを特徴とする可撓性複合材料。 - 添付の図面を参照して本明細書に記載されているような可撓性複合材料。
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KR20230001207A (ko) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-04 | 주식회사 휴비스 | 구조물 변형률 계측 섬유 보강 고분자 스트립 및 이를 이용한 격자 형상 지오그리드 |
KR102502254B1 (ko) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-02-23 | 주식회사 휴비스 | 구조물 변형률 계측 섬유 보강 고분자 스트립 및 이를 이용한 격자 형상 지오그리드 |
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JP7300176B2 (ja) | 2023-06-29 |
KR20190088502A (ko) | 2019-07-26 |
MX2019005949A (es) | 2019-11-12 |
JP2022176976A (ja) | 2022-11-30 |
CL2019001383A1 (es) | 2019-08-30 |
AU2022204822A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 |
CN115257090A (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
GB201619738D0 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CA3043984A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
ECSP19044073A (es) | 2019-06-30 |
AU2017364316A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
CN110191801A (zh) | 2019-08-30 |
BR112019010366A2 (pt) | 2019-08-27 |
WO2018096333A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
EP3544800A1 (en) | 2019-10-02 |
EA201991259A1 (ru) | 2019-12-30 |
CN110191801B (zh) | 2022-07-08 |
AU2017364316B2 (en) | 2022-07-28 |
MA46879A (fr) | 2021-04-28 |
KR102520816B1 (ko) | 2023-04-12 |
US20190275762A1 (en) | 2019-09-12 |
AU2022204822B2 (en) | 2024-06-20 |
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