JP7272235B2 - 炭化珪素半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7272235B2 JP7272235B2 JP2019197841A JP2019197841A JP7272235B2 JP 7272235 B2 JP7272235 B2 JP 7272235B2 JP 2019197841 A JP2019197841 A JP 2019197841A JP 2019197841 A JP2019197841 A JP 2019197841A JP 7272235 B2 JP7272235 B2 JP 7272235B2
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 67
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 67
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 232
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 14
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明の第1実施形態について説明する。まず、本実施形態にかかる反転型のトレンチゲート構造の縦型MOSFETを有するSiC半導体装置について、図1を参照して説明する。なお、図1では、縦型MOSFETの1セル分しか記載していないが、図1に示す縦型MOSFETと同様の構造のものが複数セル隣り合うように配置されている。
まず、高濃度にn型不純物がドープされたSiC単結晶からなるオフ角を有するn+型半導体基板1の表面にn型ドリフト層2がエピタキシャル成長させられたエピ基板を用意する。ただし、このときにはn型ドリフト層2の全部が形成されたものではなく、n型ドリフト層2のうちの表面側の一部がまだ形成されていない状態となっている。
n型ドリフト層2の上に、図示しないイオン注入用マスクを配置し、そのマスクを用いてn型ドリフト層2の表層部にp型不純物をイオン注入し、第1領域3aを形成する。
イオン注入用のマスクを除去したのち、再びn型ドリフト層2のうちの残りをエピタキシャル成長させる。また、図示しないイオン注入用マスクを配置し、そのマスクを用いてn型ドリフト層2のうち新たに形成した部分にp型不純物をイオン注入する。そして、熱処理などによって注入された不純物を活性化することで第2領域3bを形成し、その後、イオン注入用マスクを除去する。これにより、第1領域3aと第2領域3bとが繋がると共に、これらが重なった部分が二重注入領域3cとされた電界緩和層3が構成される。第1領域3aと第2領域3bを共にn型ドリフト層2を形成してからイオン注入によって形成することもできるが、深い位置までイオン注入を行おうとすると多大なイオン注入エネルギーが必要になる。このため、n型ドリフト層2の一部を形成したときに第1領域3aを形成し、その後にn型ドリフト層2の残りを形成してから第2領域3bを形成している。このように、電界緩和層3を二層構造として継ぎ足すことで深さを確保することができる。
n型ドリフト層2および電界緩和層3の表面にp型ベース領域4をエピタキシャル成長させる。
p型ベース領域4の表面を覆いつつ、トレンチ7の形成予定領域が開口する図示しないエッチングマスクを配置する。そして、エッチングマスクを用いた異方性エッチングを行ったのち、必要に応じて等方性エッチングや犠牲酸化工程を行うことでトレンチ7を形成する。これにより、p型ベース領域4を貫通してn型ドリフト層2に達しつつ、電界緩和層3よりも浅く、かつ、隣り合う第2領域3bの間において、第2領域3bから離れて配置されたトレンチ7を形成することができる。
p型ベース領域4の表面にn+型ソース領域5の形成予定領域が開口する図示しないマスクを形成したのち、この上からn型不純物を高濃度にイオン注入することでn+型ソース領域5を形成する。同様に、p型ベース領域4の表面にp+型コンタクト領域6の形成予定領域が開口する図示しないマスクを形成したのち、この上からp型不純物を高濃度にイオン注入することでp+型コンタクト領域6を形成する。
層間絶縁膜11を成膜したのち、層間絶縁膜11をパターニングしてn+型ソース領域5やp型ベース領域4を露出させるコンタクトホールを形成すると共に、ゲート電極9を露出させるコンタクトホールを図示断面とは別断面に形成する。そして、コンタクトホール内を埋め込むように電極材料を成膜したのち、これをパターニングすることでソース電極10や図示しないゲート配線を形成する。
第2実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、第1実施形態に対して電界緩和層3のp型不純物濃度を変更したものであり、その他については第1実施形態と同様であるため、第1実施形態と異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
第3実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、第2実施形態に対して電界緩和層3のp型不純物濃度を変更したものであり、その他については第2実施形態と同様であるため、第2実施形態と異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
第4実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、第2、第3実施形態に対して電界緩和層3のp型不純物濃度を変更したものであり、その他については第2、第3実施形態と同様であるため、第2、第3実施形態と異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
第5実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、第2~第4実施形態に対して電界緩和層3のp型不純物濃度を変更したものであり、その他については第2~第4実施形態と同様であるため、第2~第4実施形態と異なる部分についてのみ説明する。なお、ここでは第2実施形態に対して本実施形態の構造を適用する場合を例に挙げるが、第3、第4実施形態に対しても適用可能である。
本開示は、上記した実施形態に準拠して記述されたが、当該実施形態に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例や均等範囲内の変形をも包含する。加えて、様々な組み合わせや形態、さらには、それらに一要素のみ、それ以上、あるいはそれ以下、を含む他の組み合わせや形態をも、本開示の範疇や思想範囲に入るものである。
2 n型ドリフト層
3 電界緩和層
3a 第1領域
3b 第2領域
3c 二重注入領域
3d 上層部
4 p型ベース領域
5 n+型ソース領域
9 ゲート電極
Claims (13)
- 炭化珪素からなる第1または第2導電型の基板(1)と、
前記基板の上に形成され、前記基板よりも低不純物濃度とされた第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるドリフト層(2)と、
前記ドリフト層の上に形成された第2導電型の炭化珪素からなるベース領域(4)と、
前記ベース領域の上層部に形成され、前記ドリフト層よりも高濃度の第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるソース領域(5)と、
前記ベース領域の上層部において、前記ソース領域と異なる位置に形成され、前記ベース領域よりも高濃度の第2導電型の炭化珪素からなるコンタクト領域(6)と、
前記ソース領域の表面から前記ベース領域よりも深くまで形成され、一方向を長手方向として複数本が並列されたトレンチ(7)内に、ゲート絶縁膜(8)を介してゲート電極(9)が形成されることで構成されたトレンチゲート構造と、
前記ソース領域および前記コンタクト領域に電気的に接続されたソース電極(10)と、
前記基板の裏面側に形成されたドレイン電極(12)と、
前記ドリフト層内に配置され、前記トレンチよりも深い位置に形成された第2導電型の第1領域(3a)および前記トレンチの長手方向と同方向を長手方向として複数本の前記トレンチの間のそれぞれにおいて該トレンチの側面から離れて配置されると共に前記第1領域と前記ベース領域とを繋ぐ第2導電型の第2領域(3b)と、を含む電界緩和層(3)と、を有し、
前記第1領域と前記第2領域は共にイオン注入層によって構成されており、前記第1領域と前記第2領域とが重なった二重注入領域(3c)が構成され、該二重注入領域において第2不純物濃度のピークを有している、炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 少なくとも前記第2領域のうちの前記第1領域側となる下方位置の部分は、前記第1領域よりも第2導電型不純物濃度が高くされている、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記第2領域の全域が前記第1領域よりも第2導電型不純物濃度が高くされている、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記第1領域は第2導電型不純物濃度が1×1016~1×1019cm-3とされ、
前記第2領域のうち前記第1領域よりも第2導電型不純物濃度が高くされている部分は、第2導電型不純物濃度が1×1017~1×1020cm-3とされている、請求項2または3に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記第1領域のうち前記第2領域側となる上層部(3d)が該上層部よりも下方に位置する下層部(3e)よりも第2導電型不純物濃度が高くされている、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 少なくとも前記第2領域のうちの前記第1領域側となる下方位置の部分は、前記下層部よりも第2導電型不純物濃度が高くされている、請求項5に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記第2領域の全域が前記下層部よりも第2導電型不純物濃度が高くされている、請求項5に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記下層部の第2導電型不純物濃度が1×1016~1×1019cm-3とされ、
前記上層部の第2導電型不純物濃度が1×1017~1×1020cm-3とされている、請求項5ないし7のいずれか1つに記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記第1領域は、前記トレンチの長手方向と同方向を長手方向として形成され、
前記第1領域の幅が前記第2領域よりも広くされている、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1つに記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記第1領域は、前記トレンチの長手方向と交差する方向を長手方向として形成されている、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1つに記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 炭化珪素からなる第1または第2導電型の基板(1)上に、該基板(1)よりも低不純物濃度とされた第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるドリフト層(2)を形成することと、
前記ドリフト層に対して、第2導電型の電界緩和層(3)を形成することと、
前記電界緩和層および前記ドリフト層の上に第2導電型の炭化珪素からなるベース領域(4)を形成することと、
前記ベース領域内における該ベース領域の上層部に、前記ドリフト層よりも高不純物濃度の第1導電型の炭化珪素にて構成されたソース領域(4)を形成することと、
前記ベース領域の上層部のうち、前記ソース領域と異なる位置に、前記ベース領域よりも高不純物濃度の第2導電型の炭化珪素にて構成されたコンタクト領域(6)を形成することと、
前記ソース領域の表面から前記ベース領域を貫通し、前記ドリフト層に達しつつ前記電界緩和層よりも浅く、一方向を長手方向として、前記電界緩和層から離れて配置されたトレンチ(7)を形成することと、
前記トレンチの表面にゲート絶縁膜(8)を形成することと、
前記トレンチ内において、前記ゲート絶縁膜の上にゲート電極(9)を形成することと、
前記ソース領域および前記コンタクト領域に電気的に接続されるソース電極(10)を形成することと、
前記基板の裏面側にドレイン電極(12)を形成することと、を含み、
前記ドリフト層を形成することおよび前記電界緩和層を形成することは、
前記ドリフト層のうちの一部を形成したのち、該一部のドリフト層の表層部に第2導電型不純物をイオン注入することで前記電界緩和層の一部として第1領域(3a)を形成することと、
前記第1領域を形成した後に、前記ドリフト層の残りの部分を形成し、さらに該ドリフト層の残りの部分に対して、第2導電型不純物をイオン注入することで、前記電界緩和層の残りを構成し、前記トレンチの長手方向と同方向を長手方向とすると共に前記第1領域に繋がる第2領域(3b)を形成することと、を含み、
前記第2領域を形成することでは、前記ドリフト層の残りの部分よりも深い位置まで前記第2導電型不純物のイオン注入を行うことで、前記第2領域と前記第1領域とが重なって構成されると共に第2導電型不純物濃度のピークを有する二重注入領域(3c)を形成する、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第2領域を形成することでは、前記第2領域のうち少なくとも前記第1領域側の部分が前記第1領域よりも第2導電型不純物濃度が高くなるようにする、請求項11に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1領域を形成することでは、前記第1領域のうちの上層部(3d)が下層部(3e)よりも第2導電型不純物濃度が高くなるようにする、請求項11に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
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