JP7264828B2 - 食品中の糖を低減するための多孔質粒子 - Google Patents
食品中の糖を低減するための多孔質粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7264828B2 JP7264828B2 JP2019564007A JP2019564007A JP7264828B2 JP 7264828 B2 JP7264828 B2 JP 7264828B2 JP 2019564007 A JP2019564007 A JP 2019564007A JP 2019564007 A JP2019564007 A JP 2019564007A JP 7264828 B2 JP7264828 B2 JP 7264828B2
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- fat
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- sucrose
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Images
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Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
Description
a)甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む混合物を、高圧、例えば50~300barにかけるステップと;
b)ガスを、加圧した混合物に加えるステップと;
c)混合物を乾燥(例えば噴霧及び乾燥)させて、非晶質連続相を含む多孔質粒子を形成するステップと;
d)任意選択的に、多孔質粒子の粒径を減少させるステップと、
を含む、方法が提供される。
a)ココア粉末又はココアリキュール又はココアバター若しくはココアバター等価物又はこれらの任意の組み合わせと、
b)5~60%の本発明による多孔質粒子と、を含み、
多孔質粒子が、甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む、非晶質連続相を含む、脂肪ベースの菓子組成物が提供される。上記多孔質粒子は、10~80%(例えば、20~60%)の閉気孔率を有してもよい。
気孔率=Vp-Vcm/Vp×100[式中、Vpは粒子の体積であり、Vcmはマトリクスの体積又はかさのある材料の体積である]。
甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む混合物を、高圧、例えば50~300bar、更なる例では100~200barにかけるステップと;
ガスを混合物に加えるステップと;
混合物を乾燥(例えば、噴霧及び乾燥)させて、非晶質連続相を有する多孔質粒子を形成するステップと、任意選択的に;
多孔質粒子の粒径を減少させるステップと;
を含む、方法が提供される。
a)甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む混合物を、高圧、例えば50~300bar、更なる例では100~200barにかけるステップと;
b)ガスを、加圧した混合物に加えるステップと、
c)混合物を乾燥(例えば噴霧及び乾燥)させて、非晶質連続相を有する多孔質粒子を形成するステップと;
d)任意選択的に、多孔質粒子の粒径を減少させるステップと;
を含んでもよい。
a)ココア粉末又はココアリキュール又はココアバター若しくはココアバター等価物又はこれらの任意の組み合わせと、
b)5~60%の多孔質粒子と、を含み、
この多孔質粒子が、甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む、非晶質連続相を含む、脂肪ベースの菓子組成物が提供される。例えば、この多孔質粒子は、10~80%(例えば、20~60%)の閉気孔率を有してもよい。
甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む混合物(例えば水性混合物)を、高圧、例えば50~300bar、更なる例では100~200barにかけるステップと;
ガスを混合物に加えるステップと;
混合物を乾燥(例えば噴霧及び乾燥)させて、非晶質連続相を含む多孔質粒子を形成するステップと;
多孔質粒子を、脂肪と、任意選択的に、ココアリキュール、結晶質の糖、レシチン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される原料成分と、例えば35~55℃の温度で2~20分間混合するステップと;
得られた混合物を精砕して、多孔質粒子の粒径を減少させるステップと;
精砕化した混合物を、更なる脂肪と、任意選択的にレシチンと、混合して、液化させるステップと;
を含む、プロセスが提供される。
a)甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む混合物(例えば水性混合物)を、高圧、例えば50~300bar、更なる例では100~200barにかけるステップと;
b)ガスを、加圧した混合物に加えるステップと;
c)混合物を乾燥(例えば噴霧及び乾燥)させて、非晶質連続相を有する多孔質粒子を形成するステップと;
d)多孔質粒子を、脂肪と、任意選択的に、ココアリキュール、結晶質の糖、レシチン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される原料成分と、例えば35~55℃の温度で2~20分間混合するステップと;
e)得られた混合物を精砕して、多孔質粒子の粒径を減少させるステップと;
f)精砕化した混合物を、更なる脂肪と、任意選択的にレシチンと、混合して、液化させるステップと;
を含んでもよい。
a)ココア粉末又はココアリキュール又はココアバター若しくはココアバター等価物又はこれらの任意の組み合わせと、
b)本発明による5~60%(例えば20~55%)の多孔質粒子と、を含み、
この多孔質粒子が、1%~5%(例えば、2%~3%)の含水量を有し、スクロース、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を乾燥基準で粒子の少なくとも95%(例えば、少なくとも98%)の濃度で含む非晶質連続相を含み、スクロース対増量剤の比が、0.5対1~0.6対1であり、閉気孔率は、20%~60%、例えば25%~50%、更なる例では25%~40%である、脂肪ベースの菓子組成物を提供することができる。多孔質粒子は、30~60ミクロン、例えば35~50ミクロンのD90粒径分布を有してもよい。本発明者らは、スクロースの増量剤に対する比を変化させることの、多孔質粒子の安定性に対する影響を調査した。
0~5NL/分でガス補給可能な窒素注入システムを使用する、NIRO SD6.3-N噴霧乾燥器(GEA(Denmark))を使用して、非晶質連続相を有する多孔質粉末を得た。高圧ポンプの後でガスを注入する。噴霧圧力を最大(120~130バール)とし、注入圧力を噴霧圧力より10バール前後高くする。典型的な流速を約10L/時とし、ノズル直径(ここでは0.2mm)及び溶液組成に応じて変える。
両面伝導テープを備えた金属の試料台上に、各粉末を接着した。台を振盪して、粉末を良好に広げた。粉末の内部構造を見るために、粒子を、台の一部の上にカミソリ刃で切り出す。
タンパク質の3%溶液を溶解し、次いでPolyton Mixerで30秒間撹拌した。次いで、t=0分、t=4分、及びt=45分で写真を撮影することによって、タンパク質の発泡性を目視評価した。
以下のとおり溶解試験を実施した。30.0g±0.1gの水(ミリQ等級)を、マグネチックスターラ(L=30mm Φ=6mm)を有する100mLビーカ(h=85mm Φ=44mm)に入れた。撹拌速度を350rpmに調節し、1.000g±0.002gの粉末を溶液に加えた。溶解中、溶液の屈折率を、溶解が完了したことに相当する平坦域に達するまでに要した各秒数として記録した。屈折率を、FISO FTI-10光ファイバ信号調節装置(Fiber Optic Conditioner)を使用して測定した。これらの実験を室温(23~25℃)で実施した。
調製された薄膜基材と水滴との間の接触角を、DSA(Drop Shape Analyzer(Kruess,Germany))で測定した。14mLの水滴を発生させ、粉末床の上部、又はスピンコーティングによって得られた薄膜の上部に配置した。経時的な液滴形状の展開を高速カメラにより記録して、液滴と層との間の接触角を統合ソフトウェアで測定した。実験中、周囲空気の湿度を制御しなかった。
結晶質の糖、脱脂乳、バター、レシチンバニラ、及びココアバターの一部(総量の26%)を予備混合することによって、モデルチョコレートを調製した。30μmの精砕間隙を有し、3つのロール精砕機で構成された、Refiner Exaakt(Haslas GmbH)を使用することによって、予備混合物を精砕した。ココアバター及び多孔質粉末の残りの部分を、精砕後に加えた。次いで、混合物をテンパリングして、板状物に成形した。全ての板状物は、同じ重量26.5gを有しており、これを離型前に3時間~4時間、周囲温度で維持した。最後に、板状物を低温(4℃)で保存した。
非乳成分タンパク質を有する非晶質多孔質粒子の調製
異なる由来(植物、炭水化物、穀類)からの3種の非乳成分タンパク質:
エンドウ豆タンパク質;
ジャガイモタンパク質;
小麦グルテンタンパク質;
を、非晶質多孔質粉末の成分として試験した。
植物ミルクを有する非晶質多孔質粒子の調製
植物ミルクを、マルトデキストリン(DE12~20)及びスクロースと組み合わせることにより、固体基準で5%の植物ミルク、35%のマルトデキストリン、及び60%のスクロースとした。混合物を、水とともに50%の総固形分濃度で作製し、ガス注入で噴霧乾燥した。全ての変形体を、10~12L/時のスループットでうまく製造する。
溶解速度
5つの非晶質多孔質粉末の溶解速度を測定し、同じ要領によるが固体基準で60%のスクロース及び40%の脱脂粉乳(牛)で製造した多孔質非晶質粉末の溶解速度と比較した(参照3)。評価した試料は、ラクトース及びエンドウ豆(C)、Nutriose(登録商標)及び小麦グルテン(D)、マルトデキストリン及びアーモンドミルク(I)、マルトデキストリン及びココナッツミルク(G)、並びにマルトデキストリン及び豆乳(K)であった。結果を図4にプロットする。スクロース、アーモンドミルク、及びマルトデキストリンを有する粉末は、スクロース及び脱脂粉乳の溶解よりもはるかに速く溶解する。両方の粉末が同様の粒径を有する。甘い味わいの材料の溶解が速くなることは、甘味の知覚の増大と相関することが示されている。
潤れ性測定
スクロース、マルトデキストリン及び植物ミルク(試料F、G、H、I、J、K)で調製した多孔質非晶質粉末の潤れ特性を、スクロース及び脱脂粉乳から作製された多孔質非晶質粉末(参照3)と比較して評価するために、接触角測定を実施する。全ての植物ミルク試料は、完全に潤れ性(0度の接触角)であることが判明した。しかし、脱脂粉乳(SMP)を有する多孔質非晶質粉末は、良好な潤れ性を呈するものの、完全に潤れ性ではなく、10度の接触角がある。これにより、植物ミルク試料の濡れ特性はSMP試料の濡れ特性よりも良好であることが示されるが、粉末床上の潤れ性は、粉末の粒径及び粗さに依存することに留意されたい。また、タンパク質の量は、変形体間で等しくない。
チョコレート
異なる多孔質非晶質粉末を、以下のレシピによってチョコレートにうまく作製した。
Claims (15)
- 非晶質連続相を含む多孔質粒子であって、
前記非晶質連続相が、甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含み、
前記多孔質粒子が、10~80%の閉気孔率を有し、
前記多孔質粒子の前記非晶質連続相が、スクロース、マルトデキストリン及びアーモンドミルクを含む、多孔質粒子。 - 前記粒子の前記非晶質連続相が、40℃以上のガラス転移温度を有する、請求項1に記載の多孔質粒子。
- 前記多孔質粒子のD90粒径分布が、30~140ミクロンである、請求項1又は2に記載の多孔質粒子。
- 精砕化されている、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質粒子。
- 前記スクロースが、少なくとも30重量%の濃度で存在し、スクロース対増量剤の比は、乾燥重量基準で0.5対1~2.5対1である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質粒子。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質粒子を含む、食品製品。
- 菓子製品、料理製品、栄養処方物、朝食シリアル、又はアイスクリームである、請求項6に記載の食品製品。
- 脂肪ベースの菓子製品である、請求項6又は7に記載の食品製品。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質粒子の製造方法であって、
甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む混合物を、高圧にかけるステップと、
ガスを前記混合物に加えるステップと、
前記混合物を乾燥させて、非晶質連続相を含む多孔質粒子を形成するステップと、
任意選択的に、前記多孔質粒子の粒径を減少させるステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質粒子を含む脂肪ベースの菓子製品の製造方法であって、
甘味料、増量剤、及び非乳成分タンパク質を含む混合物を、高圧にかけるステップと、
ガスを前記混合物に加えるステップと、
前記混合物を乾燥させて、非晶質連続相を含む多孔質粒子を形成するステップと、
前記多孔質粒子を、脂肪と、任意選択的に、ココアリキュール、結晶質の糖、レシチン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される原料成分と、混合するステップと、
前記得られた混合物を精砕して、前記多孔質粒子の粒径を減少させるステップと、
前記精砕化した混合物を、更なる脂肪と、任意選択的にレシチンと、混合して、液化させるステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記ガスが、窒素、空気、二酸化炭素、アルゴン、及び亜酸化窒素からなる群から選択される、請求項9又は10に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥が噴霧乾燥である、請求項9~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記非晶質多孔質粒子を、噴霧乾燥中、又は噴霧乾燥後に凝集させる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 食品製品中の糖代用物としての、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質粒子の使用。
- 対照脂肪ベースの菓子材料と同じ甘味を有する脂肪ベースの菓子材料であって、前記対照が20~45%のスクロース含量を有し、ただし、前記スクロース含量は、前記対照と比較して少なくとも20%低減されており、前記脂肪ベースの菓子材料は、スクロース又はラクトースと別個に、単糖類、二糖類又は三糖類を含有せず、糖アルコール又は高甘味度甘味料を含有せず、
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質粒子を含む、脂肪ベースの菓子材料。
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